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50-520: Trucial States Council was established as an informal consultative body and held its first meeting on 23 March 1952 to bring the rulers closer together with the possibility of their forming some political or economic association in the future. It came into being following the British recognition of Fujairah as an independent emirate within the Trucial States . The council met twice a year under

100-643: A 30 minutes drive. The road begins from the entrance of Fujairah , crossing Al Gazirmi locality, Wadi Sahm , Asfeeni , Mamdooh , Kadra and Shawka Valleys in Ras Al Khaimah , and ends at Maleeha Road in Sharjah , at Hamda area. The UAE culture mainly revolves around the religion of Islam and traditional Arab culture . The influence of Islamic and Arab culture on its architecture, music, attire, cuisine, and lifestyle are very prominent as well. Five times every day, Muslims are called to prayer from

150-545: A UAE local bank. Incorporated in 1982, the National Bank of Fujairah (NBF) is active in the areas of corporate and commercial banking, trade finance and treasury. NBF has also expanded portfolio to include personal banking options and Shariah-compliant services. NBF supports industries ranging from oil and shipping to services, manufacturing, construction, education, and healthcare. Foreigners or visitors are not allowed to buy land. Emirati nationals can purchase land from

200-461: A few bars. Until 1998, gambling in the form of slot machines was allowed in certain hotels, but personal petitions by locals to the Sheikh outlawed the activity. Some players were losing entire monthly wages on the slots, leaving nothing for the upkeep of their families. Groups of Emirati youths tend to socialize together on the streets and cafés or outside games arcades, cinemas, and mini-malls. It

250-508: A land dispute after the UAE was founded in 1971 and, in 1972 the newly founded Union Defence Force was called in to take control of the fighting which, by the time the UDF moved in, had killed 22 and seriously injured a dozen more. The dispute was finally settled after mediation between Sheikh Rashid of Dubai and other Rulers and a statement announcing the settlement sent out on 17 July 1972. Khor Kalba

300-493: A message to Khalid bin Ahmad, who was in Ras Al Khaimah at the time. A period of intense political infighting and negotiation between the many involved parties now followed. In June 1937, the notable residents of Kalba selected the slave Barut as Regent for the 12-year-old Hamad, but this solution was not accepted by the British, and Khalid bin Ahmad was selected as regent. Increasingly seen as an influential and unifying figure by

350-669: A recognized ruler. On 2 December 1971, The Emirate of Fujairah joined the United Arab Emirates . Archaeological finds in the Emirate of Fujairah point to a history of human occupation and trading links stretching back at least 4,000 years, with Wadi Suq (2,000 to 1,300 BC) burials located at Bithnah and the Qidfa' Oasis. A third millennium BCE tower was used to construct the Portuguese fort at Bidiyah , identified with

400-741: Is a city in the Emirate of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is an exclave of Sharjah lying on the Gulf of Oman coast north of Oman . Khor Kalba (Kalba Creek), an important nature reserve and mangrove swamp, is located south of the town by the Omani border . Kalba Mangrove reserve is open to the public and was developed as an eco-tourism resort by the Sharjah Investment and Development Authority (Shurooq). A number of conservationists and ecologists have expressed concern regarding

450-548: Is accessible by three roads. The first merges after Wadi Al Helou ( Arabic : وَادِي ٱلْحلًو ) tunnel with Maliha Road ( Arabic : شارع مليحة ) which finally leads to the Sharjah-Kalba Road (90 km (56 miles)) from Sharjah International Airport . There is also the Fujairah-Kalba Road (8 km (5.0 miles)). The Khor Kalba Road extends until the border with Oman at Khatm Melaha, and is one of

500-530: Is around 225,360 inhabitants (in 2016); only the Emirate of Umm al-Quwain has fewer occupants. The 2019 population estimates is 256,256 inhabitants. The Emirate of Fujairah is an absolute monarchy ruled by its Hakim , Sheikh Hamad bin Mohammed Al Sharqi . The Sheikh heads the cabinet of the Emirate of Fujairah, and a few members of respected local families in the emirate make up the advisory committees. The Sheikh must ratify any decisions by

550-471: Is meant to safeguard the quality and delivery of the contracts and prevent corruption from damaging the construction. The Emirate of Fujairah has a very limited public transport, with a single bus service operating within the emirate and a service operating to Dubai. Aside from private transport, there are several taxis operated by the government-owned Emirate of Fujairah Transport Corporation (FTC). The new Sheikh Khalifa Highway linking Dubai and Fujairah

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600-661: Is one of the seven emirates that make up the United Arab Emirates , the only one of the seven with a coastline solely on the Gulf of Oman and none on the Persian Gulf . Its capital is Fujairah . The Emirate of Fujairah, dominated by the Sharqiyin tribe, sits at the mouth of the important trade route, the Wadi Ham (which is guarded by the Sharqiyin Al Bithnah Fort ), through the mountains to

650-528: Is unusual to see mixed-sex groups due to gender segregation in Emirati society. On vacations, many Fujairah residents travel to western emirates such as Dubai and Abu Dhabi , for entertainment and shopping purposes. They also visit the Wadis surrounding the emirate on camping and hiking trips. At the same time, other emirates' residents visit the Emirate of Fujairah for relaxation purposes and to get away from

700-1051: The Persian Gulf and India . Majid bin Sultan bin Saqr Al Qasimi was granted the Shamaliyah region, including Kalba, as a fiefdom by his brother, Sheikh Salim bin Sultan Al Qasimi , Ruler of Sharjah. Kalba was subsequently ruled jointly by his two sons Hamad bin Majid and Ahmad bin Majid. Hamad's son Said Bin Hamad Al Qasimi succeeded him in 1902, at the time when the ruler of neighbouring Fujairah , Hamad bin Abdallah Al Sharqi, managed to establish independence. Said bin Hamad lived in Ajman, leaving

750-500: The minarets of mosques which are scattered around the country. Since 2006, the weekend has been Friday-Saturday, as a compromise between Friday's holiness to Muslims and the Western weekend of Saturday-Sunday. However as of January 2021 it has been changed to Saturday-Sunday to align with the rest of the world and make trading with other countries easy and efficient. Drinking alcohol is allowed at designated hotels, and as of 2000, at

800-677: The Bedouin and the townspeople of the East Coast, he ruled over Dhaid and Kalba (delegating his rule in Kalba to Barut and choosing himself to live in Dhaid and Al Heera ) until 1950, when he was too old and infirm to take a further role in affairs. He died that year, leaving Hamad bin Said, who had reached his majority, as Ruler of Kalba. Hamad was killed in 1951 by Saqr bin Sultan Al Qasimi, son of

850-597: The Emirate of Fujairah has built clinics, known locally as "medical houses". These clinics complement and help lighten the load on the main Fujairah Hospital by allowing walk-in appointments and providing ancillary medical services. These clinics have turned out to be a success, visited by the local populace. There are many government schools in the Emirate of Fujairah, which are mainly for Emirati people, besides some numbers of Arab residents. Aside from government schools, there are also private schools, and due to

900-477: The Emirate of Fujairah. 'Superbaby' in Al Faseel 'Smart kids', 'Mom and Kids' and 'Little Stars' are used by expat families. Travel in and around the Emirate of Fujairah and the surrounding towns of Khor Fakkan , Kalba and Masafi has been made easy by the development of modern highways since independence in 1971. Highways are funded by the federal government directly, and contracts are tendered centrally. This

950-485: The Kalba Beach Corniche project targeted improving rainwater drainage, the construction of a running track , the establishment of public seating areas and planting of trees. It is a great place for families and kids as it has play areas, shaded seating areas suitable for family picnics. The Kalba ice factory, originally constructed to provide ice for local fishermen, stood as a ruin for decades before it

1000-585: The Portuguese 'Libedia', a fortress recorded in de Resende's 1646 map - the fortress itself has been carbon dated to 1450–1670. The Emirate of Fujairah is also rich in late Islamic fortresses, as well as being home to the oldest mosque in use in the United Arab Emirates, Al Badiyah Mosque , which was built in 1446 of mud and bricks. It is similar to other mosques found in Yemen , eastern Oman , and Qatar . Al Badiyah Mosque has four domes (unlike

1050-515: The Portuguese used to control access to the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, e.g. Khor Fakan, Muscat, Sohar, Seeb, Qurayyat, Muttrah. Kalba Fort , today restored as a museum, is thought to have been constructed on Portuguese foundations. It was attacked and sacked by the Sultan of Muscat Sayyid Said 's forces in March 1811 as part of an Omani campaign against the maritime forces of Al-Qasimi . It

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1100-498: The Ruler of Ras Al Khaimah. Although there are British records of an insurgency in 1952 this appears to have been settled and the rule of Kalba subsequently reverted to the direct administration of Sharjah. That notwithstanding, there were almost constant outbreaks of squabbling and disputes between Kalba and neighbouring Fujairah (itself only recognised as a Trucial State by the British in 1952) which broke out into open fighting over

1150-469: The Shamaliyah is shared by the emirates of Fujairah and Sharjah. In 1952, the Emirate of Fujairah entered into treaty relations with Britain, becoming the last of the emirates to join the Trucial States . Having withheld this recognition for over fifty years, the British government only granted it because the oil exploration company Petroleum Concessions Limited (PCL) needed to sign a concession with

1200-539: The Sharqiyin, declared independence from Sharjah. This was recognized by a number of the Trucial Sheikhs and also by Muscat, but not the British, who were frequently provoked by the independently minded Ruler. At this time, The Emirate of Fujairah consisted of some 150 houses and 3,000 date palms and its people lived mainly through pearling and date cultivation. Since the absorption of Kalba by Sharjah in 1952,

1250-778: The UAE. LuLu Mall Fujairah opened in 2014. City Centre Fujairah opened in April 2012 with 105 units along with Century Mall near the Fujairah Ports. The construction of the Fujairah Mall was completed in 2016. Fathima Shopping Center in Fujairah is another shopping destination. The Emirate of Fujairah is connected to other emirates by a 45-kilometre-long (28 mi) highway called Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Highway and links Dubai and Sharjah to Fujairah within

1300-672: The Union has the following functions: The Federal Supreme Council consists of the seven rulers of each emirate : a. ^ The Constitution provides that the Emirs of Abu Dhabi and Dubai have a veto تاريخ الإمارات العربية المتحدة المجلس الأعلى للاتحاد Supreme Council/ Politics of the United Arab Emirates Emirate of Fujairah The Emirate of Fujairah ( Arabic : إِمَـارَة ٱلْفُجَيْرَة Al-Fuǧaira IPA: [al fud͡ʒajra] )

1350-578: The administration of Kalba in the hands of a slave named Barut. By the 1920s, Said bin Hamad took up residency in Kalba again and in 1936 was recognised by the British as a Trucial Ruler as an incentive to grant landing rights to an emergency air-strip as a backup to the Imperial Airways runway and fort at Al-Mahatta in the city of Sharjah . In April 1937, the deposed Ruler of Sharjah, Khalid bin Ahmad Al Qasimi , married Aisha,

1400-476: The cabinet. After the ratification, such decisions may be enacted into law. The Emirate of Fujairah's economy is based on subsidies and federal government grants distributed by the government of Abu Dhabi (the seat of power in the UAE). Local industries consist of cement, stone crushing, and mining. A resurgence in the construction activity helped the local industry. There is a flourishing free trade zone , mimicking

1450-632: The chairmanship of the British representative in Dubai and held 30 such meetings between 1952 and 1968. In 1964, Adi Bitar was appointed as a legal adviser to the council. In 1965, the Trucial Coast Development Council was established. In 1966, the British political agency withdrew itself from presiding over the meetings and Sheikh Saqr al-Qasimi was elected as the president. He was soon replaced by Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan ,

1500-422: The city. Due to the business-friendly environment and ease of logistic support, ships trading from Persian Gulf anchor here for provisions, bunkers, repair, and technical support, spares, and stores before proceeding on long voyages. The city is also geographically well suited for such ship service-related activities. The government of The Emirate of Fujairah is a major shareholder in the National Bank of Fujairah,

1550-486: The daughter of Sheikh Said bin Hamad Al Qasimi. Said bin Hamad died suddenly at the end of April 1937 while visiting Khor Fakkan . Said bin Hamad's son, Hamad, was still a minor and so Aisha moved quickly to establish a regency, travelling to Kalba and organising the town's defences. For many years Said bin Hamad had lived in Ajman and entrusted a slave by the name of Barut to manage Kalba on his behalf, and Aisha now arranged for Barut to once again take charge as Wali. She sent

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1600-605: The exit–entry points between the UAE and Oman. Sultan bin Muhammad Al Qasimi , Ruler of Sharjah and member of the Supreme Council, announced in July 2020 that several development projects are to be implemented in Kalba. These include the restoration of historical sites, the development of the corniche, the renovation of public spaces, the construction of new buildings, and others. Launched in April 2021,

1650-424: The government, after proving their nationality. If there is no suitable land available via the official government offices, private purchases can also be made, with the eventual price being determined by the market and the individuals themselves. The ruler is planning to make changes that will affect the Emirate of Fujairah. Among tourism projects is an $ 817m resort, Al-Fujairah Paradise, near Dibba Al-Fujairah , on

1700-622: The interior and the Persian Gulf Coast. Known as the Shamaliyah , the east coast of what is now the UAE was subject to Muscat until 1850, when it was annexed by Al Qasimi of Sharjah , in an agreement made between Sheikh Sultan bin Saqr Al Qasimi and the Sultan of Muscat . The Shamaliyah was governed by Al-Qasimi Wali at Kalba although frequently seceded and in 1901 Sheikh Hamad bin Abdullah Al Sharqi , chief of

1750-663: The majority of the population of the Emirate hailing from the Indian subcontinent , most of the private schools follow the Indian Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) syllabus, accredited by the Central Education Board of India. Fujairah Montessori Nursery is the oldest pre-school in the Emirate of Fujairah. It admits children from the age of two years. It is located in the Al Faseel area. There are several nursery and kindergarten schools in

1800-447: The northern Omani border, next to Le Meridien Al Aqah Beach Resort. The planned development would have around 1,000 five-star villas as well as hotels, but has since been cancelled. The Sheikh is trying to improve opportunities for the local workforce, by trying to entice businesses to locate in the Emirate of Fujairah and diverting Federal funds to local companies in the form of development projects. The Habshan–Fujairah oil pipeline

1850-567: The other similar mosques which have between seven and twelve) and lacks a minaret . The Emirate of Fujairah covers approximately 1,166 km (450 sq mi), or about 1.5% of the area of the UAE, and is the fifth-largest emirate in the UAE. The weather is seasonal, although it is warm most of the year. The months of December to March are generally the coolest, with daytime temperatures averaging around 25 °C (77 °F) and rarely venturing above 30 °C (86 °F)—with temperatures climbing to over 40 °C (104 °F) degrees in

1900-558: The project. Shell middens dating back to the fourth millennium BCE have been found at Kalba, as well as extensive remains of the Bronze Age Umm Al Nar culture. An extensive and important assembly of petroglyphs lies to the south of Kalba at Khatm Melaha. The town was captured by the Portuguese Empire in the 16th century and was referred to as Ghallah . It was part of a series of fortified cities that

1950-413: The relaxation of such prohibition within the zones, as full foreign ownership is allowed there. Shaikh Saleh Al Sharqi, younger brother to the ruler, is widely recognized as the driving force behind the commercialization of the economy. The Emirate of Fujairah is a minor bunkering port with large scale shipping operations taking place every day. Shipping and ship-related services are thriving businesses in

2000-812: The ruler of Abu Dhabi . After the Union in 1971 , the Trucial States Council consisted of the six rulers of the Emirates who signed the Constitution and was renamed as the Federal Supreme Council. It elected Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan , emir of Abu Dhabi , as president and appointed a federal cabinet . On 23 December 1971, the Emirate of Ras al-Khaimah sent a letter to the Council requesting to join

2050-411: The spring of 2022, the ruler of Sharjah inaugurated the square on which the landmark Kalba Clocktower stands. Having a total area of 668 square meters. The tower is 60-meters tall and is equipped with a platform which overlooks the city and the shoreline. The new landmark is set to boost inbound and outbound tourist traffic to the eastern emirate. The tower has two viewing decks ,first deck is located on

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2100-545: The stifling heat of the desert. Watersports such as jet skis , windsurfing , waterskiing and diving are becoming more and more popular amongst both locals and tourists. Professional driving instructors can be found in Le Méridien or in Royal Beach Hotel, where one can obtain an International Driving License, for a fee. Kalba Kalba ( Arabic : كَلْبَاء , romanized :  Kalbāʾ )

2150-489: The success of the Dubai Free Zone Authority which was established around Jebel Ali Port . The federal government employs the majority of the native, local workforce, with few opening businesses of their own. Many of the locals work in the service sector. The government of the Emirate of Fujairah prohibits foreigners from owning more than 49% of any business. The free zones have flourished, partly due to

2200-400: The summer. The winter period also coincides with the rainy season and although by no means guaranteed, this is when the Emirate of Fujairah experiences the bulk of its precipitation. Rainfall is higher than the rest of the UAE, partly because of the effect of the mountains that encircle the Emirate, and partly because the prevailing winds are easterly bringing with them water-laden clouds off

2250-537: The union. The Council agreed to the request and the Ras al-Khaimah was admitted to the Union on 10 February 1972. The Federal Supreme Council meets four times each year and its meetings are often on an informal basis and attend meetings of the Board, consisting of the seven rulers of the emirates or those acting in their emirate in the case of their absence. Each has one vote in the council's resolutions. The Supreme Council of

2300-470: The warm Indian Ocean. The variability of the east coast climate is partly due to the presence of the Hajar mountain range . As with other mountainous areas, precipitation is higher, and this allows for a more varied micro-environment in the area. Tourist visitor numbers peak just before the school summer months. The Emirate of Fujairah had a population of 125,698 at the last census, held in 2005. Its population

2350-480: Was a Trucial State from 1936 to 1951, before being reincorporated into Sharjah. Kalba was still being referred to as Ghallah at the time of J. G. Lorimer 's 1906 survey of the Persian Gulf and Oman, when it consisted of some 300 areesh (date palm frond) houses, of Naqbiyin , Sharqiyin , Kunud and Abadilah tribes as well as a number of Baluchis and Persians. It was home to ten boats trading with ports in

2400-419: Was officially inaugurated on Saturday, 4 December 2011, following delays to the originally scheduled opening date of July 2011. It is a road that shortens the distance by 20 to 30 km (12 to 19 miles). The Fujairah International Airport is near the city, with a large falcon statue at the airport roundabout . However, currently, it only offers commercial service to Abu Dhabi , a domestic destination within

2450-487: Was opened in 2012. Health care is delivered in a mixed public and private system. Locals are treated for free at the federal government hospitals, while foreigners have to pay for medical care. The national government funds the federal hospitals and subsidize health care with petrodollar revenues. There are criticisms that the government is not providing health care sufficiently for those with low income, who have to pay for critical treatment themselves. The government of

2500-641: Was rebuilt as an art space by the Sharjah Art Foundation - one of a number of restorations of heritage buildings in the Emirate of Sharjah by the Foundation (including the Flying Saucer ) for use as public spaces. It is located in the southern outskirts of Kalba, an ancient city on Sharjah’s eastern coastline and was built in 1970s.Its used as a storage place for the ice that would transport freshly caught fish to Dubai, 120km away. In

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