Fundação Getulio Vargas ( Getulio Vargas Foundation , often abbreviated as FGV ) is a Brazilian higher education institution and think tank founded on December 20, 1944.
31-674: FGV is considered by the Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program of the University of Pennsylvania as the top think tank in Latin America and best managed worldwide, it ranks seventh best think tank in the world. FGV offers undergraduate, MBA, as well as Master's & PhD programs in economics , business administration , public administration , law , social sciences , applied mathematics and international relations . The foundation has over 90 research centers and produces
62-534: A benefactor for civil society groups in countries around the world. In 1995, Soros stated that he believed there can be no absolute answers to political questions because the same principle of reflexivity applies as in financial markets. In 2012, Christopher Stone joined the OSF as the second president. He replaced Aryeh Neier , who served as president from 1993 to 2012. Stone announced in September 2017 that he
93-483: A frequent critic of Israeli government policy, and does not consider himself a Zionist, but there is no evidence that he or his family holds any special hostility or opposition to the existence of the state of Israel. This report will show that their support, and that of the Open Society Foundations, has nevertheless gone to organizations with such agendas." The report says its objective is to inform
124-641: A grant of $ 20 million to the International Crisis Group in support of efforts to analyze global issues fuelling violence, climate injustice and economic inequality and providing recommendations to address them. OSF has given grants to Jewish Voice for Peace . In 2007, Nicolas Guilhot (a senior research associate at the French National Centre for Scientific Research ) wrote in Critical Sociology that
155-469: A large amount of academic research. The subjects cover macro and microeconomics, finance, business, decision-making, law, health, welfare, poverty and unemployment, pollution, and sustainable development. FGV also maintains research programs in the fields of history , social sciences , education , justice , citizenship , and politics . FGV executes projects at the request of the public sector as well, as private enterprises and international agencies such as
186-539: Is based on a three-phase survey whose participants include politicians, scientists, think tank donors, and think tanks. However, this method of the study and assessment of policy institutes has been criticized by researchers such as Enrique Mendizabal and Goran Buldioski, Director of the Think Tank Fund, assisted by the Open Society Institute . In 2018, this Index listed US the country with
217-633: Is located at 224 West 57th Street in Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In 2018, OSF announced it was closing its European office in Budapest and moving to Berlin , in response to legislation passed by the Hungarian government targeting the foundation's activities. As of 2021, OSF has reported expenditures in excess of US$ 16 billion since its establishment in 1993, mostly in grants to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) aligned with
248-760: Is the only Brazilian school to receive Triple accreditation from all three major international accreditation institutions (and one of only 82 schools worldwide): FGV has over 200 academic cooperation agreements with renowned institutions all over the world, which include research, joint projects and exchange of students and professors. Institute for Educational Development Schools in Rio de Janeiro Schools in São Paulo Services, Indexes and Publications Centers and Divisions General Administration Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program The Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program ( TTCSP )
279-710: The Congress for Cultural Freedom , created in 1966 to imbue 'non-conformist' Eastern European scientists with anti-totalitarian and capitalist ideas. In 1993, the Open Society Institute was created in the United States to support the Soros foundations in Central and Eastern Europe and Russia . In August 2010, it started using the name Open Society Foundations (OSF) to better reflect its role as
310-843: The Global Development Network , a World Bank sponsored conference in Barcelona, Spain . This resulted in the publication Think Tanks and Civil Societies: Catalysts for Ideas and Action in 2000. In 2008, the TTCSP moved to the International Relations Program at the University of Pennsylvania. McGann and the Program published the annual Global Go To Think Tank Index . As of 2010, the Index
341-730: The National Democratic Institute , a charitable organization which partnered with pro-democracy groups like the Gov2U project run by Scytl . On January 23, 2020, the OSF announced a contribution of $ 1 billion from George Soros for the new Open Society University Network (OSUN), which supports Western university faculty in providing university courses, programs, and research to serve neglected student populations worldwide at institutions needing international partners. The founding institutions were Bard College and Central European University . In April 2022, OSF announced
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#1732765191536372-853: The World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). Examples include assistance for the successful Rio de Janeiro bids for the 2007 Pan American Games and the 2016 Summer Olympics . FGV's main office is based in Rio de Janeiro , and is also present in São Paulo and Brasília . In addition, it offers educational programs in over 100 cities in Brazil, through a network of affiliate partner institutions, with Executive Education and MBA programs in several areas of knowledge. The São Paulo School of Business Administration
403-636: The first Trump Administration . Several right-leaning politicians in eastern Europe regard many of the NGO groups to be irritants if not threats, including Liviu Dragnea in Romania , Szilard Nemeth in Hungary , Nikola Gruevski in North Macedonia (who called for "de-Sorosization"), and Jarosław Kaczyński of Poland (who has said that Soros-funded groups want "societies without identity"). Some of
434-513: The OSF was reportedly the target of a cyber security breach . Documents and information reportedly belonging to the OSF were published by a website. The cyber security breach has been described as sharing similarities with Russian-linked cyberattacks that targeted other institutions, such as the Democratic National Committee . In 2017, Soros transferred $ 18 billion to the foundation. In 2020, Soros announced that he
465-422: The OSF, claiming: "The evidence demonstrates that Open Society funding contributes significantly to anti-Israel campaigns in three important respects: The report concludes, "Yet, to what degree Soros, his family, and the Open Society Foundations are aware of the cumulative impact on Israel and of the political warfare conducted by many of their beneficiaries is an open question." In November 2015, Russia banned
496-705: The Open Society Foundations is functionally conservative in supporting institutions that reinforce the existing social order, as the Ford Foundation and Rockefeller Foundation have done before them. Guilhot argues that control over the social sciences by moneyed interests, rather than by public officials, reinforced a neoliberal view of modernization . An OSF effort in 2008 in the African Great Lakes region aimed at spreading human rights awareness among prostitutes in Uganda and other nations in
527-623: The Soros-funded advocacy groups in the region said the harassment and intimidation became more open after the 2016 election of Donald Trump in the United States. Stefania Kapronczay of the Hungarian Civil Liberties Union, which received half of its funding from Soros-backed foundations, claimed that Hungarian officials were "testing the waters" in an effort to see "what they can get away with." In 2017,
558-472: The United States. This funding included groups such as the Organization for Black Struggle and Missourians Organizing for Reform and Empowerment that supported protests in the wake of the killing of Trayvon Martin , the death of Eric Garner , the shooting of Tamir Rice and the shooting of Michael Brown . According to OpenSecrets , the OSF spends much of its resources on democratic causes around
589-458: The area was rejected by Ugandan authorities, who considered it an effort to legalize and legitimize prostitution. Open Society Foundations has been criticized in the pro-Israel publications Tablet , Arutz Sheva and Jewish Press for funding the activist groups Adalah and I'lam , they accuse of being anti-Israel and supporting the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement. Among
620-494: The documents released in 2016 by DCleaks , an OSF report reads "For a variety of reasons, we wanted to construct a diversified portfolio of grants dealing with Israel and Palestine , funding both Israeli Jewish and PCI (Palestinian Citizens of Israel) groups as well as building a portfolio of Palestinian grants and in all cases to maintain a low profile and relative distance—particularly on the advocacy front." In 2013, NGO Monitor , an Israeli NGO, reported that "Soros has been
651-522: The government of Pakistan ordered the Open Society Foundations to cease operations in the country. In May 2018, Open Society Foundations announced they will move its office from Budapest to Berlin , amid Hungarian government interference. In November 2018, Open Society Foundations announced they are ceasing operations in Turkey and closing their Istanbul and Ankara offices due to "false accusations and speculations beyond measure", amid pressure from
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#1732765191536682-619: The group on its territory, declaring "It was found that the activity of the Open Society Foundations and the Open Society Institute Assistance Foundation represents a threat to the foundations of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation and the security of the state". In 2017, Open Society Foundations and other NGOs for open government and refugee assistance were targeted by authoritarian and populist governments emboldened by
713-496: The largest number of Think Tanks (1871), followed by India (509), China (507), UK (321), Argentina (227), Germany (218), Russia (215), France (203), Japan (128), Italy (114), Brazil (103), Canada (100), South Africa (93). Open Society Foundations Open Society Foundations ( OSF ), formerly the Open Society Institute , is a US-based grantmaking network founded by business magnate George Soros . Open Society Foundations financially supports civil society groups around
744-871: The organization's mission. On May 28, 1984, George Soros signed a contract between the Soros Foundation/New York City and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences , the founding document of the Soros Foundation/Budapest. This was followed by several foundations in the region to help countries move away from Soviet-style socialism in the Eastern Bloc . In 1991, the foundation merged with the Fondation pour une Entraide Intellectuelle Européenne ("Foundation for European Intellectual Mutual Aid"), an affiliate of
775-545: The second-largest private philanthropy budget in the United States, after the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation budget of $ 3.9 billion. As of 2020, its budget increased to $ 1.2 billion. In August 2013, the foundation partly sponsored an Aromanian cultural event in Malovište ( Aromanian : Mulovishti ), North Macedonia . The foundation reported granting at least $ 33 million to civil rights and social justice organizations in
806-610: The world, and has also contributed to groups such as the Tides Foundation . The OSF has been a major financial supporter of US immigration reform , including establishing a pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants. OSF projects have included the National Security and Human Rights Campaign and the Lindesmith Center , which conducted research on drug reform. The OSF became a partner of
837-529: The world, with the stated aim of advancing justice, education, public health and independent media. The group's name was inspired by Karl Popper 's 1945 book The Open Society and Its Enemies . As of 2015, the OSF had branches in 37 countries, encompassing a group of country and regional foundations, such as the Open Society Initiative for West Africa , and the Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa . The organization’s headquarters
868-616: Was a non-profit program at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , that operated from 1989 to 2021. TTCSP was originally established at the Foreign Policy Research Institute in 1989. The director was James McGann . The program conducted research on policy institutes around the world, and maintained a database of over 8,200 think tanks from across the world. The TTCSP
899-521: Was creating the Open Society University Network (OSUN), endowing the network with $ 1 billion. In 2023, George Soros handed over the leadership of the foundation to his son Alexander Soros , who soon announced layoffs of 40 percent of staff and "significant changes" to the operating model. The Library of Congress Soros Foundation Visiting Fellows Program was initiated in 1990. Its $ 873 million budget in 2013 ranked as
930-693: Was established at the Foreign Policy Research Institute in 1989. It began with its focus on think tanks in the US. In the 1990s, the program became increasingly global as a result of the political and economic transformation that took place in Central and Eastern Europe. R. Kent Weaver of the Brookings Institution and James McGann of the Foreign Policy Research Institute were asked to help conceptualize what became
961-474: Was stepping down as president. In January 2018, Patrick Gaspard was appointed president of the Open Society Foundations. He announced in December 2020 that he was stepping down as president. In January 2021, Mark Malloch-Brown was appointed president of the Open Society Foundations. On March 11, 2024, OSF announced that Binaifer Nowrojee would start as the group's new president on June 1, 2024. In 2016,