62-627: Ancient Greek vase painter [REDACTED] A tripod exaleiptron by the KX Painter, circa 580/570 BC , found in Aegina ; now Louvre CA 927 The KX Painter was an Attic black-figure vase painter. He was active between 585 and 570 BC. Besides the KY Painter , the KX Painter was the main representative of the Comast Group , which succeeded
124-545: A magnificent mosaic decorated with geometric motifs, still preserved in the courtyard of the Archaeological Museum of Aegina. The synagogue dates from the 4th century AD and was in use until the 7th century AD. Local Christian tradition has it that a Christian community was established there in the 1st century, having as its bishop Crispus, the ruler of the Corinthian synagogue, who became a Christian, and
186-608: A popular tourist attraction. Hydrofoil ferries from Piraeus take only forty minutes to reach Aegina; the regular ferry takes about an hour, with ticket prices for adults within the 4–15 euro range. There are regular bus services from Aegina town to destinations throughout the island such as Agia Marina . Portes is a fishing village on the east coast. Aegina island has a hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSh ) with an average annual temperature of around 20.0 °C and an average annual precipitation of less than 340 mm. Aegina, according to Herodotus ,
248-537: A sea-turtle were struck up to the end of the 5th century BC. During the First Peloponnesian War , by 456 BC, it was replaced by the land tortoise . During the naval expansion of Aegina during the Archaic Period , Kydonia was an ideal maritime stop for Aegina's fleet on its way to other Mediterranean ports controlled by the emerging sea-power Aegina. During the next century Aegina
310-484: A tribute of 5000 ducats. With the peace of 1540, Venice ceded Nauplia and Monemvasia. For nearly 150 years afterwards, Venice ruled no part of the mainland of Greece except Parga and Butrinto (subordinate politically to the Ionian Islands), but it still retained its insular dominions Cyprus , Crete, Tenos and six Ionian islands. Aegina suffered greatly after being attacked by Barbarossa in 1537. In 1579,
372-761: A turtle, an animal sacred to Aphrodite , struck at Aegina that dates from 700 BC. Therefore, it is thought that the Aeginetes, within 30 or 40 years of the invention of coinage in Asia Minor by the Ionian Greeks or the Lydians ( c. 630 BC ), might have been the ones to introduce coinage to the Western world . The fact that the Aeginetic standard of weights and measures (developed during
434-522: Is a popular vacation place during the summer months, with quite a few Athenians owning second houses on the island. The buildings of the island are examples of Neoclassical architecture with a strong folk element, built in the 19th century The province of Aegina ( Greek : Επαρχία Αίγινας ) was one of the provinces of the Attica Prefecture and was created in 1833 as part of Attica and Boeotia Prefecture . Its territory corresponded with that of
496-483: Is almost exclusively a history of its relations with the neighbouring state of Athens, which began to compete with the thalassocracy (sea power) of Aegina about the beginning of the 6th century BC. Solon passed laws limiting Aeginetan commerce in Attica. The legendary history of these relations, as recorded by Herodotus (v. 79–89; vi. 49–51, 73, 85–94), involves critical problems of some difficulty and interest. He traces
558-536: Is different from Wikidata Commons category link is on Wikidata Aegina Aegina ( / ɪ ˈ dʒ aɪ n ə / ; Greek : Αίγινα pronounced [ˈeɣina] ; Ancient Greek : Αἴγῑνα ) is one of the Saronic Islands of Greece in the Saronic Gulf , 27 km (17 mi) from Athens . Tradition derives the name from Aegina , the mother of the mythological hero Aeacus , who
620-541: The Athenians endeavoured to carry away the images. Their design was frustrated miraculously (according to the Aeginetan version, the statues fell upon their knees) and only a single survivor returned to Athens. There he became victim to the fury of his comrades' widows who pierced him with their peplos brooch-pins. No date is assigned by Herodotus for this "old feud"; writers such as J. B. Bury and R. W. Macan suggest
682-534: The Gorgon Painter . His conventional name was allocated by John Beazley . He is considered the better and chronologically somewhat earlier representative of the group. He was the first painter in Athens to occasionally depict komasts on his vases, a motif adopted from Corinthian vase painting . He mainly painted skyphoi , lekanes , kothones and Komast cups . In contrast to later representatives of
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#1732801667732744-706: The Ionian Islands , and in October invaded the island of Aegina. On the fourth day Palaiochora was captured, but the Latin church of St George was spared. Hayreddin Barbarossa had the adult male population massacred and took away 6,000 surviving women and children as slaves. Then Barbarossa sailed to Naxos, whence he carried off an immense booty, compelling the Duke of Naxos to purchase his further independence by paying
806-588: The Panathenaic prize amphora London B 160 , now on display in the British Museum , was discovered. The group, recognized by modern scholarship on the basis of stylistic similarities to numerous vases, is particularly important for having produced the earliest known Panathenaic amphora , the Burgon vase (the group’s name vase ). As usual for such amphorae, the front image depicts the goddess Athena and
868-487: The principality of Achaia , the only Latin possessions left on the mainland of Greece were the papal city of Monemvasia, the fortress of Vonitsa , the Messenian stations Coron and Modon, Lepanto, Pteleon, Navarino, and the castles of Argos and Nauplia, to which the island of Aegina was subordinate. In 1502–03, the new peace treaty left Venice with nothing but Cephalonia, Monemvasia and Nauplia, with their appurtenances in
930-584: The 16th century BC. The discovery on the island of a number of gold ornaments belonging to the last period of Mycenaean art suggests that Mycenaean culture existed in Aegina for some generations after the Dorian conquest of Argos and Lacedaemon . At Mount Ellanio, a Mycenaean refuge has been found dating to the end of the Late Bronze Age . It is probable that the island was not Doricised before
992-542: The 9th century BC. One of the earliest historical facts is its membership in the Amphictyony or League of Calauria , attested around the 8th century BC. This ostensibly religious league included, besides Aegina, Athens , the Minyan (Boeotian) Orchomenos , Troezen , Hermione , Nauplia , and Prasiae . It was probably an organisation of city-states that were still Mycenaean, for the purpose of suppressing piracy in
1054-655: The Aegean that began as a result of the decay of the naval supremacy of the Mycenaean princes. Aegina seems to have belonged to the Eretrian league during the Lelantine War ; this, perhaps, may explain the war with Samos , a major member of the rival Chalcidian League during the reign of King Amphicrates (Herod. iii. 59), i.e. not later than the earlier half of the 7th century BC. Its early history reveals that
1116-598: The Aeginetans to the captain of Nauplia, who came to command an enquiry into the administration of these delinquents (vid. inscription over the entrance of St. George the Catholic in Paliachora). The rectors had spurned their ancient right to elect an islander to keep one key of the money-chest. They had also threatened to leave the island en masse with the commissioner, unless the captain avenged their wrongs. To spare
1178-553: The Aeginetes played a larger part than is conceded to them by Herodotus. The Athenian tradition, which he follows in the main, would naturally seek to obscure their services. It was to Aegina rather than Athens that the prize of valour at Salamis was awarded, and the destruction of the Persian fleet appears to have been as much the work of the Aeginetan contingent as of the Athenian (Herod. viii. 91). There are other indications, too, of
1240-471: The Archaeological Museum of Aegina is reported to say that a Jewish community was established in Aegina "at the end of the second and during the 3rd century AD" by Jews fleeing the barbarian invasions of the time in Greece. However, the first phases of those invasions began in the 4th century. The Romaniote Jewish community erected an elaborate synagogue in rectangle form with an apse on the eastern wall with
1302-1391: The Berlin Dancing Girl Brygos Painter Bryn Mawr Painter Chrysis Painter Codrus Painter Darius Painter Dinos Painter Dokimasia Painter Douris Eretria Painter Eucharides Painter Foundry Painter Harrow Painter Hasselmann Painter Hermonax Ilioupersis Painter Jena Painter Kerch style Kleophon Painter Kleophrades Painter Makron Marsyas Painter Meidias Painter Meleager Painter Niobid Painter Onesimos Oreithyia Painter Pamphaios Penthesilea Painter Persephone Painter Phiale Painter Pisticci Painter Pistoxenos Painter Polygnotos Providence Painter Reed Painter Shuvalov Painter Siren Painter Sisyphus Painter Skythes Snub-nose Painter Tarporley Painter Tarquinia Painter Tithonos Painter Triptolemos Painter Underworld Painter Varrese Painter Painter of
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#17328016677321364-678: The Dorian peplos to the Ionian style chiton . In the early years of the 5th century BC the Thebans , after the defeat by Athens about 507 BC, appealed to Aegina for assistance. The Aeginetans at first contented themselves with sending the images of the Aeacidae , the tutelary heroes of their island. Subsequently, however, they contracted an alliance, and ravaged the seaboard of Attica. The Athenians were preparing to make reprisals, in spite of
1426-747: The East Roman (Byzantine) Empire after the division of the Roman Empire in 395. It remained Eastern Roman during the period of crisis of the 7th–8th centuries, when most of the Balkans and the Greek mainland were overrun by Slavic invasions. Indeed, according to the Chronicle of Monemvasia , the island served as a refuge for the Corinthians fleeing these incursions. The island flourished during
1488-515: The Morea. And against the sack of Megara, it had to endure the temporary capture of the castle of Aegina by Kemal Reis and the abduction of 2000 inhabitants. This treaty was renewed in 1513 and 1521. All supplies of grain from Nauplia and Monemvasia had to be imported from Turkish possessions, while corsairs rendered dangerous all traffic by sea. In 1537, sultan Suleiman declared war upon Venice and his admiral Hayreddin Barbarossa devastated much of
1550-562: The Republic's protection to escape the danger of a Turkish raid. The island must then have been fruitful, for one of the conditions by which Venice accorded him protection was that he should supply grain to Venetian colonies. He agreed to surrender the island to Venice if his family became extinct. Antonio II Acciaioli opposed the treaty for one of his adopted daughters had married the future lord of Aegina, Antonello Caopena. In 1451, Aegina became Venetian. The islanders welcomed Venetian rule;
1612-521: The Spartan kings, crossed over to the island, to arrest those who were responsible for it. His attempt was at first unsuccessful; but, after the deposition of Demaratus , he visited the island a second time, accompanied by his new colleague Leotychides , seized ten of the leading citizens and deposited them at Athens as hostages. After the death of Cleomenes and the refusal of the Athenians to restore
1674-717: The Turks in 1537, was captured with his family, and died in a Turkish dungeon. In 1463 the Turco-Venetian war began, which was destined to cost the Venetians Negroponte (Euboea), the island of Lemnos, most of the Cyclades islands, Scudra and their colonies in the Morea . Peace was concluded in 1479. Venice still retained Aegina, Lepanto (Naupactus), Nauplia , Monemvasia , Modon , Navarino , Coron , and
1736-883: The Vatican Mourner Villa Giulia Painter Wedding Painter YZ Group Pioneer Group Epiktetos Euphronios Euthymides Oltos Phintias Smikros Mannerists Pan Painter Authority control databases [REDACTED] International VIAF Artists ULAN Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KX_Painter&oldid=1100044356 " Category : Ancient Greek vase painters Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
1798-596: The advice of the Delphic oracle that they should desist from attacking Aegina for thirty years, and content themselves meanwhile with dedicating a precinct to Aeacus , when their projects were interrupted by the Spartan intrigues for the restoration of Hippias . In 491 BC Aegina was one of the states which gave the symbols of submission ("earth and water") to Achaemenid Persia . Athens at once appealed to Sparta to punish this act of medism , and Cleomenes I , one of
1860-455: The claims of Antonello's uncle Arnà, who had lands in Argolis , were satisfied by a pension. A Venetian governor ( rettore ) was appointed, who was dependent on the authorities of Nauplia. After Arnà's death, his son Alioto renewed his claim to the island but was told that the republic was resolved to keep it. He and his family were pensioned and one of them aided in the defence of Aegina against
1922-534: The clause remained ineffective. During the first winter of the Peloponnesian War (431 BC) Athens expelled the Aeginetans and established a cleruchy in their island. The exiles were settled by Sparta in Thyreatis , on the frontiers of Laconia and Argolis. Even in their new home they were not safe from Athenian rancour. A force commanded by Nicias landed in 424 BC, and killed most of them. At
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1984-540: The current municipalities Aegina and Agkistri until its abolishment in 2006. Aegina is roughly triangular in shape, approximately 15 km (9.3 mi) from east to west and 10 km (6.2 mi) from north to south, with an area of 87.41 km (33.75 sq mi). An extinct volcano constitutes two-thirds of Aegina. The northern and western sides consist of stony but fertile plains , which are well cultivated and produce luxuriant crops of grain, with some cotton, vines , almonds , olives and figs , but
2046-708: The dissolution and partition of the Byzantine Empire by the Fourth Crusade in 1204, Aegina was accorded to the Republic of Venice . In the event, it became controlled by the Duchy of Athens . The Catalan Company seized control of Athens, and with it Aegina, in 1317, and in 1425 the island became controlled by the Venetians, when Alioto Caopena, at that time ruler of Aegina, placed himself by treaty under
2108-407: The early 9th century, as evidenced by church construction activity, but suffered greatly from Arab raids originating from Crete . Various hagiographies , such as those of Athanasia of Aegina or Theodora of Thessalonica , record a large-scale raid c. 830 , that resulted in the flight of much of the population to the Greek mainland. During that time, some of the population sought refuge in
2170-582: The economy of the community, it was ordered that appeals from the governor's decision should be made on Crete, instead of in Venice. The republic was to pay a bakshish to the Turkish governor of the Morea and to the voivode who was stationed at the frontier of Thermisi (opposite Hydra). The fortifications too, were allowed to become decrepit and were inadequately guarded. After the end of the Duchy of Athens and
2232-604: The end of the Peloponnesian War Lysander restored the scattered remnants of the old inhabitants to the island, which was used by the Spartans as a base for operations against Athens during the Corinthian War . It is probable that the power of Aegina had steadily declined during the twenty years after Salamis, and that it had declined absolutely, as well as relatively to that of Athens. Commerce
2294-491: The famous Venetian commander. In return, the Senate gave the Aeginetes 100 ducats apiece towards fortifying the island. In 1519, the government was reformed. The system of having two rectors was found to result in frequent quarrels and the republic thenceforth sent out a single official styled Bailie and Captain, assisted by two councillors , who performed the duties of camerlengo by turns. The Bailie's authority extended over
2356-442: The following are the principal elements: It is probable, therefore, that Herodotus is in error both in tracing back the beginning of hostilities to an alliance between Thebes and Aegina ( c. 507 BC ) and in claiming the episode of Nicodromus occurred prior to the battle of Marathon. Overtures were unquestionably made by Thebes for an alliance with Aegina c. 507 BC , but they came to nothing. The refusal of Aegina
2418-3436: The group, he still mostly painted animals, in a more careful and powerful style than the Gorgon Painter. Some mythological scenes by him are also known. Especially famous are his small-fornat mythical scenes placed within animal friezes. The KX Painter can be considered the first Attic painter to achieve a quality at par with that reached in Corinth , then the dominant centre of Greek vase painting. Imitations of his works are known from Boeotia . Bibliography [ edit ] John Beazley : Attic Black-figure Vase-painters . Oxford 1956, p. 23-28. John Boardman : Schwarzfigurige Vasen aus Athen. Ein Handbuch , von Zabern, 4. edn, Mainz 1994 (Kulturgeschichte der Antiken Welt, Vol 1) ISBN 3-8053-0233-9 , p. 19. [REDACTED] Wikimedia Commons has media related to KX Painter . v t e Ancient Greek vase painters Geometric Dipylon Master Orientalizing Analatos Painter Honolulu Painter Mesogeia Painter Polyphemos Painter Black-figure Painter of Acropolis 606 Affecter Amasis Painter Anagyrus Painter Anakles Arkesilas Painter Athena Painter Antimenes Painter Beldam Painter Bellerophon Painter Painter of Berlin A 34 Painter of Berlin 1686 BMN Painter Burgon Group C Painter Castellani Painter Cerameicus Painter Chimera Painter Class of Cabinet des Médailles 218 Columbus Painter Daybreak Painter Diosphos Painter Dodwell Painter Duel Painter Edinburgh Painter Elbows Out Euphiletos Painter Gela Painter Goltyr Painter Gorgon Painter Haimon Painter Heidelberg Painter Horse-bird Painter Hypobibazon Class Kabiria Group Kassandra Painter Kleitias Lion Painter Lydos Lysippides Painter Madrid Painter Mastos Painter Painter of Munich 1410 N Painter Naucratis Painter Nearchos Nessos Painter Painter of Nicosia Olpe Nikoxenos Painter Northampton Group Oxford Palmette Class Painter of Palermo 489 Panther Painter Perizoma Group Pholoe Painter Phrynos Painter Piraeus Painter Polos Painter Pontic Group Priam Painter Princeton Painter Psiax Ptoon Painter Rider Painter Rycroft Painter Sappho Painter Sophilos Swing Painter Taleides Painter Theseus Painter Three Line Group Tityos Painter Tydeus Painter Xenokles Painter Comast Group KX Painter KY Painter Group E Exekias Gorgoneion Group Cavalcade Painter Leagros Group Acheloos Painter Chiusi Painter Little Masters Group of Rhodes 12264 Red-figure Achilles Painter Aison Altamura Painter Amykos Painter Andokides painter Antiphon Painter Apollodoros Aristophanes Asteas Baltimore Painter Berlin Painter Painter of
2480-418: The home government ordered that at least one of the three inspectors should be a non-noble. Aegina had always been exposed to the raids of corsairs and had oppressive governors during these last 30 years of Venetian rule. Venetian nobles were not willing to go to this island. In 1533, three rectors of Aegina were punished for their acts of injustice and there is a graphic account of the reception given by
2542-450: The hostages to Leotychides, the Aeginetes retaliated by seizing a number of Athenians at a festival at Sunium . Thereupon the Athenians concerted a plot with Nicodromus , the leader of the democratic party in the island, for the betrayal of Aegina. He was to seize the old city, and they were to come to his aid on the same day with seventy vessels. The plot failed owing to the late arrival of the Athenian force, when Nicodromus had already fled
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2604-425: The hostility of the two states back to a dispute about the images of the goddesses Damia and Auxesia, which the Aeginetes had carried off from Epidauros , their parent state. The Epidaurians had been accustomed to make annual offerings to the Athenian deities Athena and Erechtheus in payment for the Athenian olive-wood of which the statues were made. Upon the refusal of the Aeginetes to continue these offerings,
2666-513: The importance of the Aeginetan fleet in the Greek scheme of defence. In view of these considerations it becomes difficult to credit the number of the vessels that is assigned to them by Herodotus (30 as against 180 Athenian vessels, cf. Greek History , sect. Authorities). During the next twenty years the Philo-Laconian policy of Cimon secured Aegina, as a member of the Spartan league, from attack. The change in Athenian foreign policy, which
2728-417: The island was repopulated partly by Albanians . The Albanians would eventually assimilate into the Greek population. Burgon Group Burgon Group is the conventional name given to a group of Attic black-figure vase painters active in the middle third of the sixth century BC. The group’s name is derived from Thomas Burgon (1787–1858), who supervised the 1813 excavations in Athens , during which
2790-454: The island's hinterland, establishing the settlement of Palaia Chora. According to the 12th-century bishop of Athens, Michael Choniates , by his time the island had become a base for pirates. This is corroborated by Benedict of Peterborough 's graphic account of Greece, as it was in 1191; he states that many of the islands were uninhabited for fear of pirates and that Aegina, along with Salamis and Makronisos , were their strongholds. After
2852-464: The island. An engagement followed in which the Aeginetes were defeated. Subsequently, however, they succeeded in winning a victory over the Athenian fleet. All the incidents subsequent to the appeal of Athens to Sparta are referred expressly by Herodotus to the interval between the sending of the heralds in 491 BC and the invasion of Datis and Artaphernes in 490 BC (cf. Herod. vi. 49 with 94). There are difficulties with this story, of which
2914-541: The islands Crete , Mykonos and Tinos . Aegina remained subject to Nauplia. Aegina obtained money for its defences by reluctantly sacrificing its cherished relic, the head of St. George , which had been carried there from Livadia by the Catalans. In 1462, the Venetian Senate ordered the relic to be removed to St. Giorgio Maggiore in Venice and on 12 November, it was transported from Aegina by Vettore Cappello,
2976-550: The maritime importance of the island dates back to pre- Dorian times. It is usually stated on the authority of Ephorus , that Pheidon of Argos established a mint in Aegina, the first city-state to issue coins in Europe, the Aeginetic stater . One stamped stater (having the mark of some authority in the form of a picture or words) can be seen in the Bibliothèque Nationale of Paris. It is an electrum stater of
3038-462: The mid-7th century) was one of the two standards in general use in the Greek world (the other being the Euboic-Attic) is sufficient evidence of the early commercial importance of the island. The Aeginetic weight standard of about 12.2 grams was widely adopted in the Greek world during the 7th century BC. The Aeginetic stater was divided into two drachmae of 6.1 grams of silver. Staters depicting
3100-462: The most characteristic crop of Aegina today (2000s) is pistachio . Economically, the sponge fisheries are of notable importance. The southern volcanic part of the island is rugged and mountainous, and largely barren. Its highest rise is the conical Mount Oros (531 m) in the south, and the Panhellenian ridge stretches northward with narrow fertile valleys on either side. The beaches are also
3162-440: The period between Solon and Peisistratus, c. 570 BC . It is possible that the whole episode is mythical. A critical analysis of the narrative seems to reveal little else than a series of aetiological traditions (explanatory of cults and customs), such as of the kneeling posture of the images of Damia and Auxesia, of the use of native ware instead of Athenian in their worship, and of the change in women's dress at Athens from
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#17328016677323224-532: The rector of Aegina, whereas Kastri (opposite the island Hydra ) was granted to two families, the Palaiologoi and the Alberti . Society at Nauplia was divided into three classes: nobles, citizens and plebeians, and it was customary for nobles alone to possess the much-coveted local offices, such as the judge of the inferior court and inspector of weights and measures. The populace now demanded its share and
3286-586: The state's power is explained by the conditions of the island, which was based on slave labour; Aristotle's estimated the population of slaves were as much as 470,000. Aegina with the rest of Greece became dominated successively by the Macedonians (322–229 BC), the Achaeans (229–211 BC), Aetolians (211–210 BC), Attalus of Pergamum (210–133 BC) and the Romans (after 133 BC). A sign at
3348-410: The surplus funds of the state to the building of so large a fleet seems to imply that the Athenians were themselves convinced that a supreme effort was necessary. It may be noted, in confirmation of this opinion, that the naval supremacy of Aegina is assigned by the ancient writers on chronology to precisely this period, i.e. the years 490–480 BC. In the repulse of Xerxes I it is possible that
3410-505: Was a colony of Epidaurus , to which state it was originally subject. Its placement between Attica and the Peloponnesus made it a site of trade even earlier, and its earliest inhabitants allegedly came from Asia Minor. The most important Early Bronze Age settlement was Kolonna, stone-built fortified site. The main connections were with the Greek mainland, but there were found also influences from Cyclades and Crete. Another important deposit of Early Bronze Age golden and silver jewellery
3472-428: Was baptised by Paul the Apostle . There are written records of participation by later bishops of Aegina, Gabriel and Thomas, in the Councils of Constantinople in 869 and 879 . The see was at first a suffragan of the metropolitan see of Corinth, but was later given the rank of archdiocese . No longer a residential bishopric, Aegina is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see . Aegina belonged to
3534-430: Was born on the island and became its king. The municipality of Aegina consists of the island of Aegina and a few offshore islets. It is part of the Islands regional unit , Attica region. The municipality is subdivided into the following five communities (population in 2021 in parentheses ): The regional capital is the town of Aegina, situated at the northwestern end of the island. Due to its proximity to Athens , it
3596-483: Was consequent upon the ostracism of Cimon in 461 BC, resulted in what is sometimes called the First Peloponnesian War, during which most of the fighting was experienced by Corinth and Aegina. The latter state was forced to surrender to Athens after a siege, and to accept the position of a subject-ally ( c. 456 BC ). The tribute was fixed at 30 talents. By the terms of the Thirty Years' Peace (445 BC) Athens promised to restore to Aegina her autonomy, but
3658-417: Was discovered by Austrian archaeologists. The excavations on the site, done by the Paris Lodron Universität Salzburg are still ongoing. Minoan ceramics have been found in contexts of c. 2000 BC . The famous Aegina Treasure , now in the British Museum is estimated to date between 1700 and 1500 BC. Archaeological excavations at Cape Kolonna revealed a purple dye workshop dating back to
3720-438: Was in the diplomatic guise of "sending the Aeacidae." The real occasion of the beginning of the war was the refusal of Athens to restore the hostages some twenty years later. There was but one war, and it lasted from 488 to 481 BC. That Athens had the worst of it in this war is certain. Herodotus had no Athenian victories to record after the initial success, and the fact that Themistocles was able to carry his proposal to devote
3782-626: Was one of the three principal states trading at the emporium of Naucratis in Egypt, and it was the only Greek state near Europe that had a share in this factory. At the beginning of the 5th century BC it seems to have been an entrepôt of the Pontic grain trade, which, at a later date, became an Athenian monopoly. Unlike the other commercial states of the 7th and 6th centuries BC, such as Corinth , Chalcis , Eretria and Miletus , Aegina did not found any colonies. The settlements to which Strabo refers (viii. 376) cannot be regarded as any real exceptions to this statement. The known history of Aegina
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#17328016677323844-430: Was the source of Aegina's greatness, and her trade, which seems to have been principally with the Levant, must have suffered seriously from the war with Persia. Aegina's medism in 491 is to be explained by its commercial relations with the Persian Empire. It was forced into patriotism in spite of itself, and the glory won by the Battle of Salamis was paid for by the loss of its trade and the decay of its marine. The loss of
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