Kaliachak II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Malda Sadar subdivision of Malda district in the Indian state of West Bengal .
69-650: Gauda was once the "capital of the ancient bhukti or political division of Bengal known as Pundravardhana which lay on the eastern extremity of the Gupta Empire ." During the rule of the Sena Dynasty , in the 11th-12th century, Gauda was rebuilt and extended as Lakshmanawati (later Lakhnauti), and it became the hub of the Sena empire. Gauda was conquered by Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji in 1205. During
138-613: A fountain and water channel located halfway from the Dakhil Darwaza gate. The gate still stands today. According to the Portuguese and medieval Bengali poet Krittibas Ojha , the road from the Dakhil Darwaza to the durbar had nine well-guarded gates, of which two can still be identified today. The second compartment was the living quarter of the Sultan which was adorned with glazed tiles of various colours. The third compartment
207-1451: A development block. It has been said to be the "panchayat of panchayats". The 73rd Amendment defines the levels of panchayati raj institution as : The panchayat samiti is the link between the gram panchayat (village council) and the zila parishad (district council). The name varies across states: mandal parishad in Andhra Pradesh , taluka panchayat in Gujarat , and mandal panchayat or taluk panchayat in Karnataka , block panchayat in Kerala , panchayat union in Tamilnadu , janpad panchayat in Madhya Pradesh , anchalik panchayat in Assam . In India, local self-government bodies exist at intermediary level and are known by different names in different states. For example, in Kerala, they are called "block panchayats," while in other states, they may be referred to as "panchayat samiti," "mandal parishad," "taluka panchayat," "janpad panchayat," "panchayat union", or "anchalik panchayat." These bodies are responsible for providing various services to
276-405: A farmer, a representative of the cooperative societies and one from the agricultural marketing services sector) and the elected members of that panchayat block (tehsil) on the zila parishad (district board). The samiti is elected for five years and is headed by a chairman/president and deputy chairman/vice president elected by the members of the panchayat samiti. One sarpanch samiti supervises
345-654: A full-fledged Magistrate and Collector was posted in 1859. Malda district was part of Rajshahi Division till 1876, when it was transferred to Bhagalpur Division, and again transferred in 1905 to Rajshahi Division. With the partition of Bengal in 1947, the Radcliffe Line placed Malda district in India, except the Nawabganj subdivision, which was placed in East Pakistan. Kaliachak II community development block
414-513: A pucca (paved) approach road and 14 villages (35%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 5 villages (12.5%) have agricultural credit societies. 7 villages (17.5%) have banks. "Large parts of the Diara, now the most intensely settled region within Malda, began to attract a new population from the early 20th century, after the alluvial chars exposed by
483-1097: A total population of 210,105, of which 206,267 were rural and 3,838 were urban. There were 107,553 (51%) males and 102,552 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 34,376. Scheduled Castes numbered 32,686 (15.56%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 4,816 (2.29%). Census town in Kaliachak II CD Block was (2011 population in brackets): Birodhi (3,838). Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Kaliachak II CD Block were (2011 population in brackets): Jotkasuri (4,901), Panchanandapur (26,358), Hamidpur (7,954), Nayagram (8,109), Shripur (4,871), Uttar Lakshmipur (17,085), Bishnuprosad (5,503), Mabarakpur (7,680), Jot Ananta (11,473), Sadipur (7,048), Jot Gopalkagmari (14,307), Mehrapur (4,713), Gangaprosad (7,037), Tap Protappur (7,558), Mathabari (9,884), Purba Hosenabad (7,660), Chhota Mahadipur (4,059) and Dakshin Debipur (6,334). Decadal Population Growth Rate (%) Note: The CD Block data for 1971-1981, 1981-1991 and 1991-2001
552-542: Is Old Malda, English Bazar and Manikchak CD Blocks, from where it has spread to Kaliachak I & II, Ratua I & II and Chanchal I CD Blocks. Malda district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund . The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across
621-529: Is a historic city of Bengal in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent , and one of the most prominent capitals of classical and medieval India , being the capital city of Bengal under several kingdoms. The Gauḍa region was also a province of several pan-Indian empires. During the seventh century, the Gauda Kingdom was founded by King Shashanka , whose reign corresponds with the beginning of
690-858: Is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act . Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on. There are 40 inhabited villages in Kaliachak II CD Block. All 40 villages (100%) have power supply. All 40 villages (100%) have drinking water supply. 16 villages (40%) have post offices. All 40 villages (100%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). Only 1 village (2.5%) has
759-507: Is done on a party basis. The elections are conducted by the state election commission. The sarpanch are permanent invitees to the mandal parishad meetings. The most common departments found in a panchayat samiti are: Each department in a panchayat samiti has its own officer. Most often these are state government employees acting as extension officers, but occasionally in more revenue-rich panchayat samiti, they may be local employees. A government-appointed Block Development Officer (BDO)
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#1732802237733828-538: Is for Kaliachak I, II & III taken together The decadal growth of population in Kaliachak II CD Block in 2001-2011 was -0.62%. The decadal growth of population in Kaliachak PS or Kaliachak I, II & III CD Blocks taken together in 1991-2001 was 29.62%. The decadal growth of population in Kaliachak PS or Kaliachak I, II & III CD Blocks taken together in 1981-91 was 33.16% and in 1971-81
897-404: Is light with sandy appearance and is very fertile. Mango gardens are common and mulberry is also grown in this natural division." It covers 32.16% of the total area of the district. 42.81% of the population of the district live in this sub-region. Bangitola, Uttar Panchanandapur I, Uttar Panchanandapur II, Hamidpur and Rajnagar gram panchayats in Kaliachak II CD Block are vulnerable to floods from
966-756: Is located at 24°52′N 88°08′E / 24.867°N 88.133°E / 24.867; 88.133 . It straddles the Bangladesh-India border , with most of its ruins on the Indian side and a few structures on the Bangladeshi side, it was once one of the most populous cities in the world. The ruins of this former city now straddle the international border and are divided between the Malda district of West Bengal and Chapai Nawabganj District of Rajshahi Division . The Kotwali Gate, formerly part of
1035-476: Is located at 24°57′49″N 88°05′22″E / 24.96361°N 88.08944°E / 24.96361; 88.08944 Kaliachak II CD Block is part of the Diara, one of the three physiographic sub-regions of the district. "The Diara is a relatively well drained flat land formed by the fluvial deposition of newer alluvium in the transitional zone between the Barind upland and the marshy Tal tract. The soil
1104-403: Is the majority religion, with 65.98% of the population. Hinduism is the second-largest religion. As per 2014 District Statistical Handbook: Malda (quoting census figures), in the 2001 census, Muslims numbered 142,722 and formed 67.53% of the population in Kaliachak II CD Block. Hindus numbered 68,548 and formed 32.42% of the population. Christians numbered 4. Others numbered 82 and formed 0.05% of
1173-415: Is the supervisor of the extension officers and executive officer to the panchayat samiti and becomes, in effect, its administrative chief. The panchayat samiti collects all the prospective plans prepared at gram panchayat level and process them for funding and implementation by evaluating them from the angles of financial constraints, social welfare, and area development. It also identifies and prioritizes
1242-582: The Baghirhati-Hooghly river, but after the late 16th century the river linked up with Padma as its primary channel and abandoned its channels in the south-western portion of the Bengal Delta . Venetian traveller Cesare Federici observed that ships were unable to sail north of Saptagram for this very reason. Around the same time the Ganges silted up and abandoned its channels above Gauda,
1311-578: The Battle of Rajmahal in 1576. The Mughals built several structures in Gaur. The two-storeyed Mughal Tahakhana complex was a resting place for viceroys. The tahkhana in Persian means a building with a cool environment. The name indicates that the complex had an indoor ventilation system to moderate humid temperatures. The complex was also used as a Sufi khanqah . The Lukochori Darwaza (hide and seek gate)
1380-607: The Bengali calendar . Gour gradually became synonymous with Bengal and Bengalis. It was conquered by Bakhtiyar Khalji , a lieutenant of the Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghori in 1203. For a period of 112 years, between 1453 and 1565, Gauda was the capital of the Bengal Sultanate . In 1500, Gauda was the fifth-most populous city in the world, with a population of 200,000, as well as one of the most densely populated cities in
1449-883: The Conquest of Sylhet against the Gour Kingdom . Sylhet was successfully incorporated into Firuz's Lakhnauti kingdom. His successor, Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah would lose independence to the Delhi Sultanate once again. Gauda was widely known as Gaur during the Bengal Sultanate . The founder of the sultanate, Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah , was Delhi's governor in Satgaon. Ilyas Shah rebelled and overthrew Gaur's governor Alauddin Ali Shah in 1342. Ilyas Shah united
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#17328022377331518-592: The Reconquest of Arakan . The Portuguese historian Castenhada de Lopez described the houses of Gaur. Most buildings were one-storeyed with ornamental floor tiles, courtyards and gardens. There were canals and bridges. Bengal attracted many Eurasian merchants during the Sultanate period and Gaur was a centre of the trade like other erstwhile Bengali cities, including Pandua, Chittagong , Sonargaon and Satgaon . Bengal also attracted immigrants from North India,
1587-527: The citadel , now marks the border checkpoint between the two countries. After the fall of the Gupta Empire , western Bengal was ruled by the Gauda Kingdom and eastern Bengal by the Samatata Kingdom. Gauda was founded by Shashanka , one of the pioneering Bengal kings in history. Shashanka's reign falls approximately between 590 and 625. The Pala Empire was founded in the Gauda region during
1656-534: The 2011 census, in Kaliachak II CD Block, amongst the 40 inhabited villages, 1 village did not have a school, 17 villages had more than 1 primary school, 22 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 14 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school. In 2014, Kaliachak II CD Block had 1 rural hospital and 2 primary health centres with total 40 beds and 9 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 34 family welfare subcentres. 9,075 patients were treated indoor and 178,600 patients were treated outdoor in
1725-512: The Bengal region into a separate independent state from Delhi in 1352. Pandua became the first capital of the sultanate. In 1450, Sultan Mahmud Shah of Bengal announced the transfer of Bengal's capital from Pandua to Gaur. The transfer was completed by 1453. Gaur served as the Bengali sultanate's capital for over one hundred years until 1565. Gaur was one of the most densely populated cities in
1794-909: The Ganga’s westward migration were opened for revenue settlement… Agricultural land in the Tal and Diara is mostly irrigated and intensively cropped and cultivated… Rainfall in the district is moderate…" Kaliachak II CD Block had 69 fertiliser depots, 7 seed stores and 51 fair price shops in 2013-14. In 2013-14, Kaliachak II CD Block produced 848 tonnes of Aman paddy , the main winter crop from 385 hectares, 3,629 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 922 hectares, 375 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 193 hectares, 4,069 tonnes of wheat from 1,363 hectares, 1,846 tonnes of maize from 407 hectares, 7,077 tonnes of jute from 497 hectares, 3,764 tonnes of potatoes from 111 hectares and 107,024 tonnes of sugar cane from 1,007 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds. In 2013-14,
1863-883: The Governor of Lakhnauti, declared independence from the Delhi Sultanate. He would be succeeded by his son, Rukunuddin Kaikaus who expanded the kingdom. During his rule, the Lakhnauti-based kingdom expanded into Satgaon in the south, Bihar in the west, Devkot in the north. His successor was Shamsuddin Firuz Shah , who played pivotal roles in completing Kaikaus' work in Satgaon before proceeding to take over Mymensingh and Sonargaon . In 1303, Firuz's nephew Sikandar Khan Ghazi and commander-in-chief Syed Nasiruddin teamed up with Shah Jalal and his forces in
1932-410: The Indian subcontinent, with a population rivalling that of Fatehpur Sikri . The city had a citadel , a royal palace and durbar , many mosques, residences for aristocrats and merchants, and bazaars. Portuguese travellers left detailed and extensive accounts of Gaur. The Portuguese compared the affluence of the city with Lisbon. The royal palace was divided into three compartments. A high wall enclosed
2001-641: The Indian subcontinent. The Portuguese left detailed accounts of the city. The Sultans built a citadel, many mosques, a royal palace, canals and bridges. Buildings featured glazed tiles. The city thrived until the collapse of the Bengal Sultanate in the 16th century, when the Mughal Empire took control of the region. When the Mughal Emperor Humayun invaded the region, he renamed the city Jannatabad ("heavenly city"). Most of
2070-524: The Middle East, and Central Asia. In the 16th-century, Gaur was occupied by the Mughal emperor Humayun who sought to name it as Jannatabad (heavenly city). The city was looted and plundered during Sher Shah Suri 's invasion. After 1565, Sultan Sulaiman Khan Karrani shifted the capital to Tandah. In 1575, Gaur was conquered by a Mughal contingent led by Munim Khan . The Bengal Sultanate ended during
2139-734: The Sonamosjid checkpoint on the Bangladesh-India border. The checkpoint is located near the Choto Sona Mosque in Chapai Nawabganj district, Bangladesh. Panchayat Samiti (Block) Panchayat samiti or block panchayat is a rural local government ( panchayat ) body at the intermediate tehsil (taluka/mandal) or block level in India . It works for the villages of the tehsil that together are called
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2208-701: The Turko-Afghan period, "the city of Lakhnauti or Gauda continued to function initially as their capital but was abandoned in 1342 by the Ilyas Shahi sultans in favour of Pandua because of major disturbances along the river course of the Ganga ." "Pandua then lay on the banks of the Mahananda , which was the major waterway of the sultanate at the time. However, when the Mahananda too began to veer away from
2277-684: The adjoining Ganges. Left bank erosion of the Ganges upstream of Farakka Barrage has rendered nearly 4.5 lakh people homeless in Manikchak, Kaliachak I, II and III and Ratua blocks over the last three decades of the past century. The worst hit area is between Bhutnidiara and Panchanandapore in Kaliachak II block. According to the Ganga Bhangan Pratirodh Action Nagarik Committee, 750 km area
2346-532: The area. The Bangladeshi Archaeology Department has carried out several projects in both the Bangladeshi and Indian sides of Gauda. The Indian archaeological survey is also carrying out excavations of a mound about a kilometre from the Chikha building within the Baisgaji Wall where remains of a palace are turning up. A permanent artefact and photographic exhibition highlighting the major monuments of Gour and
2415-511: The city only recently having been captured by Mughal forces suffered a devastating epidemic and was consequentially abandoned. The city in its prime measured 7 + 1 ⁄ 8 km (4.4 mi). from north to south, with a breadth of 1 to 2 km (0.62 to 1.24 mi). With suburbs it covered an area of 20 to 30 km (12 to 19 mi), and in the 16th century the Portuguese historian Faria y Sousa described it as containing 1,200,000 inhabitants. The ramparts of this walled city (which
2484-729: The city, and even more overgrown with jungle. A deep moat protects it on the outside. To the north of the outer embankment lies the Sagar Dighi, a great reservoir, 1600 yd. by 800 yd., dating from 1126. Fergusson in his History of Eastern Architecture thus describes the general architectural style of Gauḍa: It is neither like that of Delhi nor Jaunpur, nor any other style, but one purely local and not without considerable merit in itself; its principal characteristic being heavy short pillars of stone supporting pointed arches and vaults in brick whereas at Jaunpore, for instance, light pillars carried horizontal architraves and flat ceilings. Owing to
2553-549: The country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal. In 2013-14, Kaliachak II CD Block had 6 originating/ terminating bus routes. In 2013-14, Kaliachak II CD Block had 130 primary schools with 19,278 students, 8 middle schools with 4,489 students, 8 high schools with 14,598 students and 9 higher secondary schools with 16,981 students. Kaliachak II CD Block had 2 technical/ professional institutions with 260 students and 332 institutions for special and non-formal education with 15,803 students. As per
2622-401: The country. The District Human Development Report for Malda notes, "Malda district has been a principal recipient of the human migration waves of the 20th century." There are reports of Bangladeshi infiltrators coming through the international border. Only a small portion of the border with Bangladesh has been fenced and it is popularly referred to as a porous border. As per the 2011 census,
2691-462: The district has intensified from 162 persons per km in 1901 to 881 in 2001 (i.e., around five times), which is highest amongst the districts of North Bengal. However, unlike the densely populated southern regions of West Bengal, urbanisation remains low in Malda district. North Bengal in general, and Malda in particular, has been witness to large scale population movement from other states in India and other districts of West Bengal, as well as from outside
2760-702: The extent of ceiling-surplus land available for redistribution has never been large… The high levels of rural poverty that exist in nearly all blocks in Malda district closely reflect the livelihood crisis… " Livelihood in Kaliachak II CD Block In Kaliachak II CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 7,165 and formed 7.99%, agricultural labourers numbered 23,537 and formed 26.25%, household industry workers numbered 27,320 and formed 30.47% and other workers numbered 31,637 and formed 35.29%. Total workers numbered 89,659 and formed 42.67% of
2829-557: The government. The finest ruin in Gauḍa is that of the Great Golden Mosque, also called Bara Darwaza, or twelve doored (1526). An arched corridor running along the whole front of the original building is the principal portion now standing. There are eleven arches on either side of the corridor and one at each end of it, from which the mosque probably obtained its name. These arches are surmounted by eleven domes in fair preservation;
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2898-460: The hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block. Bangitola Rural Hospital at Bangitola (with 30 beds) is the main medical facility in Kaliachak II CD Block. There are primary health centres at Rajnagar (Hamidpur PHC) (with 4 beds) and Mothabari (with 10 beds). Gau%E1%B8%8Da (city) Gauḍa (also known as Gaur , Gour , Lakhnauti , Lakshmanavati and Jannatabad )
2967-437: The lightness of the small, thin bricks, which were chiefly used in the making of Gauḍa, its buildings have not well withstood the ravages of time and the weather; while much of its enamelled work has been removed for the ornamentation of the surrounding cities of more modern origin. Moreover, the ruins long served as a quarry for the builders of neighbouring towns and villages, till in 1900 steps were taken for their preservation by
3036-514: The mosque had originally thirty-three. According to Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition , "The Tantipar mosque (1475–1480) has beautiful moulding in brick, and the Lotan mosque of the same period is unique in retaining its glazed tiles . The citadel, of the Muslim period, was strongly fortified with a rampart and entered through a magnificent gateway called the Dakhil Darwaza (1459–1474). At
3105-488: The other gram panchayats. It acts as a coordinating body between district panchayat and gram panchayat. A coterminous mandal parishad is constituted for each revenue mandal. A mandal parishad is composed of: Mandal Parishad Territorial Constituency (MPTC) members are directly elected by the voters, whereas the mandal president is elected by the MPTC members. The members are elected for a term of five years. The election to MPTCs
3174-528: The palace. A moat surrounded the palace on three sides and was connected to the Ganges, which guarded the western side of the citadel. According to a contemporary Vaishnava poet, Sultan Alauddin Hussain Shah once saw a procession led by Sri Chaitanya on the opposite bank of the river. The first compartment in the north included the durbar. An inscription of Sultan Rukunuddin Barbak Shah mentions
3243-414: The people in their respective areas, such as sanitation, healthcare, education, and infrastructure. Typically, a taluka panchayat is composed of elected members of the area: the block development officer , members of the state's legislative assembly , members of parliament belonging to that area, otherwise unrepresented groups ( Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and women), associate members (such as
3312-547: The population. Bengali is the predominant language, spoken by 99.40% of the population. As per the Human Development Report for Malda district, published in 2006, the percentage of rural families in BPL category in Kaliachak II CD Block was 35.0%. Official surveys have found households living in absolute poverty in Malda district to be around 39%. According to the report, "An overwhelmingly large segment of
3381-470: The regional importance of the Gauda or Malda region declined irreversibly and the city of Gauda was eventually abandoned. With the advent of the British, their trading and commercial interests focussed on the new cities of Malda and English Bazar. Malda district was formed in 1813 with "some portion of outlying areas of Purnia, Dinajpur and Rajshahi districts". A separate treasury was established in 1832 and
3450-519: The restoration work is undertaken by the ASI is being held at the Metcalfe Hall , Kolkata . Among the exhibits are also some fine specimens of brick moulding and glazed tiles from Gour. Bus and rail transport are available from Kolkata to Malda town. The nearest railway station is Gour Malda . Although, it is desirable to visit Gauda via Malda Town railway station. Gauda can be accessed through
3519-448: The rise of Gopala as king with the approval of an assembly of chieftains. The Pala Emperors carried the title Lord of Gauda . The empire ruled for four centuries and its territory included large parts of northern India. According to historian D. C. Sicar , the term Gauda is an appropriate name for the Pala Empire itself. The Pala period saw the development of the Bengali language , script and other aspects of Bengali culture. Indeed,
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#17328022377333588-424: The rural workforce depends on agriculture as its main source of livelihood, the extent of landlessness in Malda has traditionally been high because of the high densities of human settlement in the district… Although land reforms were implemented in Malda district from the time they were launched in other parts of West Bengal, their progress has been uneven across the Malda blocks… because of the overall paucity of land,
3657-408: The second highest decadal population growth rate, for the decade 2001-2011, in West Bengal with a figure of 21.2% which is much higher than the state average (13.8%). Uttar Dinajpur district has the highest decadal growth rate in the state with 23.2%. Decadal growth rate of population is higher than that of neighbouring Murshidabad district, which has the next highest growth rate. Population density in
3726-416: The site of Pandua in the mid-15th century, Gauda was rebuilt and restored to the status of capital city by the Hussain Shahi sultans "... With the ascent of Akbar to the Mughal throne at Delhi... the Mughals annexed the ancient region of Gauda in 1576 and created the Diwani of Bengal. The centre of regional power shifted across the Ganga to Rajmahal , , Following the demise of the independent sultanate,
3795-416: The south-east corner was a palace, surrounded by a wall of brick 66 ft (20 m) high, of which a part is standing. Nearby were the royal tombs. Within the citadel is the Kadam Rasul mosque (1530), which is still used, and close outside is a tall tower called the Firoz Minar (perhaps signifying tower of victory). There are a number of Muslim buildings on the banks of the Sagar Dighi, including, notably,
3864-403: The space enclosed by these embankments and the river stood the city of Gauḍa proper, with the fort containing the palace in its south-west corner. Radiating north, south and east from the city, other embankments are to be traced running through the suburbs and extending in certain directions for 30 or 40 m. Surrounding the palace is an inner embankment of similar construction to that which surrounds
3933-402: The surviving structures in Gauda are from the period of the Bengal Sultanate. The city was sacked by Sher Shah Suri . An outbreak of the plague contributed to the city's downfall. The course of the Ganges was once located near the city, but a change in the river's course caused Gauda to lose its strategic importance. A new Mughal capital developed later in Rajmahal and then in Dhaka . Gauda
4002-613: The term Gaudiya (of Gauda) became synonymous with Bengal and Bengalis . Gauda became known as Lakhnauti during the Sena dynasty . The name was in honour of the Sena ruler Lakhsman Sena. On a campaign towards Tibet in 1206, Bakhtiyar left Shiran Khalji to govern Bengal as a substitute. Bakhtiyar would die after the failure of this expedition, officially leaving Shiran as the next governor of Lakhnauti who would shortly be succeeded by Ali Mardan Khalji and Iwaz Khalji . The latter would declare independence from Delhi which would also lead to his death. In 1281, Nasiruddin Bughra Khan ,
4071-465: The tomb of the saint Makhdum Shaikh Akhi Siraj (died 1357), and in the neighbourhood is a burning ghat , traditionally the only one allowed to the use of the Hindus by their Muslim conquerors, and still greatly venerated and frequented by them. Many inscriptions of historical importance have been found in the ruins.." The Archaeological Survey of India and the Department of Archaeology in Bangladesh are responsible for preserving heritage structures in
4140-424: The total area irrigated in Kaliachak II CD Block was 2,756 hectares, out of which 385 hectares were irrigated by river lift irrigation, 440 hectares by deep tube wells, 1,728 hectares by shallow tube wells and 203 hectares by other means. 25,500 hectares of land in Malda district produces mango varieties such as langra , himasagar , amrapali , laxmanbhog , gopalbhog and fazli . The core area of mango production
4209-434: The total number of literates in Kaliachak II CD Block was 114,031 (64.89% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 62,701 (69.60% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 51,330 (59.93% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 9.67%. See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate Islam
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#17328022377334278-405: The total population, and non-workers numbered 120,446 and formed 57.33% of the population. Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry
4347-542: The west. Kaliachak II CD Block has an area of 209.17 km. It has 1 panchayat samity , 9 gram panchayats , 127 gram sansads (village councils), 65 mouzas and 40 inhabited villages. Kaliachak police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at Mothabari . Gram panchayats of Kaliachak II block/ panchayat samiti are: Uttar Laxmipur, Mothabari, Hamidpur, Rajnagar, Uttar Panchanandapur-I, Uttar Panchanandapur-II, Bangitola, Rathbari and Gangaprasad. As per 2011 Census of India , Kaliachak II CD Block had
4416-415: Was 0.42%. The decadal growth rate of population in Malda district was as follows: 30.33% in 1951-61, 31.98% in 1961-71, 26.00% in 1971-81, 29.78% in 1981-91, 24.78% in 1991-2001 and 21.22% in 2001-11. The decadal growth rate for West Bengal in 2001-11 was 13.93%. The decadal growth rate for West Bengal was 13.93 in 2001-2011, 17.77% in 1991-2001. 24.73% in 1981-1991 and 23.17% in 1971-1981. Malda district has
4485-401: Was erected on the road that led to the complex. The construction of these structures can be traced to the reign of viceroy Shah Shuja . An outbreak of the plague and a change in the course of the Ganges caused the city to be abandoned. Since then the area has been a heap of ruins in the wilderness and almost overgrown with jungle. The great river of Ganges was conventionally linked with
4554-401: Was lost in 30 years in the Manikchak and Kalichak areas. See also - River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts Kaliachak II CD Block is bounded by Manikchak CD Block and English Bazar CD Block on the north, Kaliachak I CD Block on the east, Kaliachak III CD Block on the south and Rajmahal CD Block of Sahibganj district in Jharkhand, across the Ganges, on
4623-401: Was one of the most prominent capitals in the history of Bengal and the history of the Indian subcontinent , and a centre of stately medieval architecture. Gauda's ruins were depicted in the artwork of European painters during the 18th and 19th centuries. Colonial officials, such as Francis Buchanan-Hamilton and William Francklin , left detailed surveys of the former Bengali capital. Gauḍa
4692-415: Was surrounded by extensive suburbs) still exist; they were works of vast labour, and were on the average about 40 ft (12 m) high, and 180 to 200 ft (61 m) thick at the base. The facing of masonry and the buildings with which they were covered have now disappeared, and the embankments themselves are overgrown with dense jungle. The western side of the city was washed by the Ganges, and within
4761-432: Was the harem . Many artefacts have been recovered from the palace grounds, including enamelled bricks and Chinese porcelain . In 1521, a Portuguese visitor saw Sultan Nusrat Shah enjoying polo being played on the plains below the citadel. Gaur was the center of regional politics. The deposed Arakanese king Min Saw Mon was granted asylum in Gaur. The Sultan of Bengal dispatched a military expedition from Gaur to achieve
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