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114-562: The Kansas City massacre was the shootout and murder of four law enforcement officers and a criminal fugitive at the Union Station railroad depot in Kansas City, Missouri , on the morning of June 17, 1933. It occurred as part of the attempt by a gang led by Vernon C. "Verne" Miller to free Frank "Jelly" Nash , a federal prisoner. At the time, Nash was in the custody of several law enforcement officers who were returning him to

228-402: A U-Haul truck, they were stopped at a roadblock set up by police. In a second shootout, police officers Waverly Brown and Ed O'Grady were killed and the robbers fled the scene in several different directions. Four of the robbers were arrested during their escape attempt, and more than six other people involved were arrested in subsequent investigations over the next several years. The last arrest

342-447: A 911 call from Poplawski's mother, who was attempting to get the police officers to remove her son from the home. Three police officers were ultimately confirmed dead, and another two were seriously injured. Poplawski was armed with a semi-automatic AK-47 -style rifle and two other guns, protected by a bulletproof vest, and had been lying in wait for the officers. According to police and witnesses, he held police at bay for four hours as

456-593: A Chevrolet sedan. There they took up their positions to await the arrival of Nash and his captors. Upon the arrival of the train in Kansas City, Agent Lackey went to the loading platform, leaving Smith, Reed, and Nash in a stateroom of the train. On the platform, he was met by SAC Vetterli, who was accompanied by FBI Agent Raymond J. Caffrey and officers W. J. Grooms and Frank Hermanson of the Kansas City Police Department. These men surveyed

570-474: A bank robbery call in Norco. Upon arriving the police were ambushed and outgunned. After the robbers unloaded over 300 rounds at police cruisers, the officers were forced to retreat behind their cruisers or nearby obstacles, all the while being fired upon. The suspects attempted to escape in their own vehicle. During this attempt, the driver of the suspects was killed by a stray police shot. The suspects then hijacked

684-582: A brawl between rival biker gangs in front of a Twin Peaks restaurant in Waco, Texas escalated into a shootout between rival gangs as well as police. Nine people were killed and 18 others were injured. On October 1, 2015, after killing nine civilians and injuring nine others at Umpqua Community College near Roseburg, Oregon , shooter Christopher Harper Mercer engaged in a shootout with responding police officers before killing himself. On July 7, 2016, enraged by

798-527: A car. He noticed that both men were armed, at least one of them with a machine gun. Before Agent Lackey had a chance to warn his fellow officers, one of the gunmen shouted, "Up, up!" At this instant, Agent Smith, who was in the middle of the back seat, also saw a man with a machine gun to the right of the Plymouth. SAC Vetterli, who was standing at the right front of the Chevrolet turned just in time to hear

912-531: A coffee shop in the Parkland unincorporated area of Pierce County , Washington . One gunman ( Maurice Clemmons ) entered the coffee shop and fired at the officers as they sat working on their laptop computers. One of the officers returned fire before being killed, wounding Clemmons, but he was still able to flee the scene. After a 2-day manhunt that spanned several cities in the Puget Sound region, Clemmons

1026-498: A courthouse in Marin County, California with an arsenal of weapons. After storming into a room where a trial was taking place, Jackson armed defendant James McClain, who was on trial for murdering a prison guard, and two fellow convicts who were participating in the trial as witnesses, William Christmas and Ruchell Magee . The four armed men then took the judge, a district attorney and three jurors hostage, and marched them out of

1140-624: A cyclic rate of 1100 rounds per minute. The designers limited it to three round bursts for ease of control. A 20-round magazine and a metal shoulder stock may also be fitted. The Stechkin APS made a comeback in the late 1970s when Russian Spetsnaz special forces units in Afghanistan used the suppressor-equipped APB variant for clandestine missions in enemy territory, such as during the Soviet–Afghan War . The 9 mm Parabellum Micro Uzi

1254-527: A federal grand jury at Kansas City, Missouri, on October 24, 1934. On January 4, 1935, the four were found guilty of conspiracy to cause the escape of a federal prisoner from the custody of the United States. On the following day, each was sentenced to serve two years in a Federal Penitentiary and pay a fine of $ 10,000, the maximum penalty allowed by law. The Kansas City Massacre changed the FBI . Previously,

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1368-594: A fire which burned down 62 houses and killed 11 people. On April 11, 1986, two FBI agents and two suspects were killed in a prolonged and intense firefight between the FBI and bank-robbery suspects William Matix and Michael Platt in Miami, Florida . The event became one of the most famous shootouts in American history, with ten participants (eight FBI agents and two suspects), roughly 145 rounds fired, and four deaths. Even though

1482-525: A fire. All six SLA members were killed, either by police bullets or the fire. The SLA's leader, Donald DeFreeze , committed suicide. On May 9, 1980, a bank robbery led to a prolonged shootout and chase between police in Norco, California , and five heavily armed bank robbers wearing military-style fatigues and armed with semi-automatic rifles and thousands of rounds of hollow-point bullets as well as various explosive and incendiary devices. Police responded to

1596-572: A group of Comancheros broke away and formed the first Bandidos Motorcycle Club chapter in Australia. Seven people were killed and twenty-eight injured when the two groups clashed at Milperra. The event was a catalyst for significant changes to gun laws in New South Wales. On 14 November 1990, after a shooting rampage which killed up to 13 people (including a police officer) in the small seaside township of Aramoana , New Zealand , members of

1710-512: A handgun before fleeing in his Ford Explorer and later died by suicide . On December 5, 2019, the Miami-Dade Police Department engaged in a shootout with jewelry store robbers at a busy intersection. On February 2, 2021, FBI agents served a search warrant on a house of suspect who was suspected of abusing minors. The suspect ambushed the FBI agents, shooting five agents, two of whom were mortally wounded. The suspect

1824-577: A high-speed chase, exchanging gunfire along the way. Arroyo was eventually shot and killed by a responding officer armed with a CAR-15 rifle. A shootout occurred on April 4, 2009, at 1016 Fairfield Street in the Stanton Heights neighborhood of Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , stemming from an argument over a dog urinating in the house between a mother and her 22-year-old son. At approximately 7:11 a.m. EDT , 22-year-old Richard Poplawski opened fire on two Pittsburgh Police officers responding to

1938-544: A highway outside Barrington. Nelson pursued the FBI agents, exchanging gunfire with them, until his car was disabled. Two more agents, Special Agent Herman "Ed" Hollis and Inspector Sam Cowley , arrived on the scene and engaged Nelson and Chase in a shootout. Though Nelson was wounded seventeen times by the agents, he and Chase were able to fatally injure both Hollis and Cowley. Nelson escaped, only to die that evening from his injuries. On November 1, 1950, Puerto Rican nationalists Oscar Collazo and Griselio Torresola engaged in

2052-453: A nearby vehicle and became involved in a prolonged chase, in which the suspects shot at police and disabled and destroyed 33 police vehicles (as well as civilian cars) with explosives thrown from the back of a truck. The suspects also disabled a police helicopter by shooting at it. Later, the suspects lay in wait for police as they chased them, and ambushed them, resulting in the death of a police officer and wounding two others. Heavily outgunned,

2166-615: A replacement for the Winchester, the agency later adopted specially modified variants of the Remington Model 81 semi-automatic rifle. The FBI Story depicts the massacre. A TV movie titled Kansas City Massacre directed by Dan Curtis was broadcast in 1975. The paranormal show Ghost Adventures investigated Union Station in Season 7 for the potential residual hauntings by the victims. A graphic novel titled Union Station

2280-459: A response from nearby sheriff's deputies and Tyler Police. Arroyo began trading gunfire with the officers, who were armed only with pistols, and forced them to retreat, wounding several of them. A passing civilian, Mark Allen Wilson , drew his own pistol and attempted to aid the officers but Arroyo was wearing body armor and Wilson's pistol failed to stop him; Wilson was shot and killed by Arroyo. Afterward, Arroyo jumped in his pickup and led police on

2394-584: A result of a run-in with a criminal gang in New Jersey. Several authors, including Jay Robert Nash , have used Miller's death to argue that the Massacre was not a rescue attempt, but a syndicate hit meant to silence Frank Nash, who had extensive underworld connections. Richetti and Floyd were involved in an automobile accident in Wellsville, Ohio , on October 20, 1934, in which the automobile that Floyd

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2508-457: A result, most machine pistols are fitted with a detachable shoulder stock . Some, such as the Heckler & Koch VP70 , will fire only in semi-automatic when the stock is removed because the select-fire mechanism is incorporated into the stock. The VP70 introduced a three-round-burst limiter in the same way to improve controllability. The Beretta 93R not only uses a detachable shoulder stock and

2622-538: A select-fire switch. The .45 ACP MAC-10 had a rate of fire of 1,100 RPM, and the 9×19mm version 1,200-1,500 RPM. The MAC-11 could also fire 1,200-1,500 RPM with its lighter .380 ACP cartridges. These guns were designed by Gordon Ingram and Military Armament Corporation in the US. The weapons were used in special operations and covert applications in Vietnam and by Brazilian anti-terrorist units, most people fitting it with

2736-467: A shootout in the parking lot of a restaurant near Newhall, California . In a span of five minutes, Davis and Twinning killed four CHP officers, making it the deadliest day in the history of Californian law enforcement. Davis was later arrested, while Twinning killed himself following a long standoff with police. On August 7, 1970, in an attempt to free his brother, imprisoned Black Panther leader George Jackson , 17-year-old Jonathan P. Jackson entered

2850-542: A shootout with officers of the Capitol Police and Secret Service while attempting to break into the Blair House and assassinate President Harry Truman . By the end of the gun battle, Torresola and officer Leslie Coffelt were killed in an event that firearms instructor Massad Ayoob called "the boldest attempt at home invasion in modern history". On August 1, 1966, Charles Whitman barricaded himself at

2964-459: A silencer using its threaded barrel. While some sources call the MAC-10 and MAC-11 machine pistols, the guns are also referred to as compact submachine guns. Since it is difficult to control machine pistols when they are fired in fully automatic mode, some manufacturers developed an "intermittent-fire" setting that fires a burst of three rounds instead of a continuous stream. The first of these guns

3078-515: A simple unlocked blowback mechanism and the double action trigger . What makes the Stechkin APS a machine pistol is that it has an automatic fire mode, which is selected using the safety lever. In burst or automatic fire, the pistol should be fitted with the wooden shoulder stock; otherwise, the weapon quickly becomes uncontrollable. The Stechkin was intended as a sidearm for artillery soldiers and tank crews, but in practice, it ended up earning

3192-672: A stake-out in Mayerthorpe , Alberta , Canada . The resulting shootout with other present RCMP officers came to an end when Roszko committed suicide after being wounded. On July 7, 2006, Constables Robin Cameron and Marc Bourdages of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police were both shot in the head through the windshield of their cruiser after a 27 km car chase and shootout with Curtis Dagenais in rural Saskatchewan . Machine pistol A machine pistol

3306-461: A strong following in the ranks of political and criminal police forces. Many KGB and GRU operatives favored the Stechkin for its firepower and 20-round magazine. The Škorpion vz. 61 is a Czechoslovak 7.65 mm or .32 ACP machine pistol developed in 1959 and produced from 1961 to 1979. Although it was developed for use with security and special forces, the weapon was also accepted into service with

3420-441: A three-round-burst limiter, but also a folding forward hand-grip to improve controllability in full auto. The MAC-10 and MAC-11 use suppressors to reduce muzzle rise , while other designs use a combination of burst limiters, forward hand-grips, ported barrels and muzzle brakes. Gunsite , a US firearms training facility, decided against teaching machine pistol firing when it was founded in 1976. Facility experts believed that it

3534-530: A train bound for Kansas City, Missouri , at 8:30 that night. The Missouri Pacific train's estimated time of arrival in Kansas City was 7:15 the next morning. Before traveling, the lawmen contacted Reed E. Vetterli, Special Agent in Charge (SAC) of the FBI's Kansas City office, to meet them at the train station upon arrival. Several outlaw friends of Nash had heard of his capture in Hot Springs. They learned

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3648-475: A transgender man named Aiden Hale (born Audrey Elizabeth Hale), was a former student of the school, firing their assault rifle through the glass doors of the school at 10:13am local time. A friend of the shooter had called 911 around this time, after having called a suicide prevention line, on her father's advice. Around the same time as the friend's call, someone at the school called 911 to report an active shooter situation. At 10:27am local time, 14 minutes after

3762-435: A voice command, "Let 'em have it!" At this point, from a distance approximately 15 feet diagonally to the right of Agent Caffrey's Chevrolet, an individual crouched behind the radiator of another car opened fire. Officers Grooms and Hermanson immediately fell to the ground, dead. SAC Vetterli, who was standing beside Officers Grooms and Hermanson, was shot in the left arm and dropped to the ground. As he attempted to scramble to

3876-446: A weapon for VIP bodyguards and for anti-terrorist hostage rescue teams that needed the capability for full automatic fire in emergencies. Developed in the 1990s and 2000s, the personal defense weapon (PDW), a compact submachine gun-like firearm which can fire armor-piercing, higher-powered ammunition, began to replace the machine pistol as a self-defense side arm for artillery crews, tank crews, and helicopter pilots. Introduced in 2001,

3990-491: Is "a slob's weapon, useful only by half-trained or poorly motivated troops"; they claimed that the machine pistol "hits no harder than a pistol and is no more portable than a rifle." Nevertheless, even the critics from Gunsite concede that the machine pistol is useful for a few situations, such as boarding an enemy boat in low light or when repelling boarders in a naval situation. In the 1970s, International Association of Chiefs of Police weapons researcher David Steele criticized

4104-559: Is a handgun that is capable of fully automatic fire , including stockless handgun -style submachine guns . The Austrians introduced the world's first machine pistol, the Steyr Repetierpistole M1912/P16 , during World War I. The Germans also experimented with machine pistols, by converting various types of semi-automatic pistols to full-auto, leading to the development of the first practical submachine guns. During World War II , machine pistol development

4218-641: Is a scaled-down version of the Uzi submachine gun , first introduced in 1983. It is 460 mm (18.11 inches) long with the stock extended, and just 250 mm (9.84 inches) long with the stock folded. Its barrel length is 117 mm and its muzzle velocity is 350 m/s. Used by the Israeli Isayeret and the US Secret Service, Micro-Uzis are available in open-bolt or closed-bolt versions. The weapon has an additional tungsten weight on

4332-605: Is considered one of the world's first full-auto capable pistols. Only 960 M1912/P16 were made. An automatic version of the Frommer Stop pistol was also tested, including a variant known as the Doppelpistole where two guns were joined together and mounted upside down on a tripod. In 1916, Heinrich Senn of Bern designed a modification of the Swiss Luger pistol to fire in single shots or in full-automatic. Around

4446-465: Is the Heckler & Koch VP70 , the 70 designating the year of origin; 1970. That is a 9 mm Parabellum, 18-round, double action only, select fire-capable polymer frame pistol. It is the first polymer-framed pistol, predating the Glock 17 . The stock incorporates the semi-auto/three-round burst selector, therefore it will only fire a three-round burst with the stock attached. Cyclic rounds per minute for

4560-512: Is the Škorpion vz. 61 , often called a submachine gun. However, it is small enough to be carried in a pistol holster and so is also often referred to as a machine pistol. The MAC-10 and MAC-11 are compact and have been placed in both classes due to their sizes. The Steyr TMP (Tactical Machine Pistol) is also referred to as a compact submachine gun. Likewise, the German Heckler & Koch MP5K falls in both categories. PDWs such as

4674-522: Is the 9 mm Parabellum Beretta Model 93R . Introduced in 1979 the Beretta Model 93R, it is a select-fire machine pistol meant for police and military use. It offered extra firepower in a smaller package and is suited for concealed carry purposes such as VIP protection, or for close quarters maneuvers such as room-to-room searches. A selector switch and the foldable foregrip allow the pistol to fire three-round bursts with each trigger pull for

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4788-497: The Czechoslovak Army , as a personal sidearm for lower-ranking army staff, vehicle drivers, armored vehicle personnel and special forces. The Skorpion's lower-powered .32 ACP cartridge, coupled with a rate-of-fire limiting device housed in the grip (which allows a reasonable rate of 850 RPM with a relatively light bolt), also makes it easier to control in full-auto than the more common 9 mm Parabellum designs. Currently

4902-521: The Heckler & Koch MP7 are also often called machine pistols. The difference is also blurred by the fact that several languages use what would be literally translated as "machine pistol" as the term for submachine guns; for example the "MP" in MP 40 stands for Maschinenpistole . Machine pistols are considered a special purpose weapon with limited utility. Due to their small size and high rate of fire, machine pistols are difficult to control accurately. As

5016-425: The Heckler & Koch MP7 is often called a machine pistol, despite it being a PDW. The MP7 uses a short-stroke piston gas system as used on H&K's G36 and HK416 assault rifles, in place of a blowback system traditionally seen on machine pistols. The MP7 uses 20-, 30- and 40-round magazines and fires 4.6×30mm ammunition which can penetrate soft body armor. Due to the heavy use of polymers in its construction,

5130-562: The Los Angeles Police Department . The ensuing firefight lasted 44 minutes, with more than 2000 rounds fired collectively from both sides. The only deaths were the two bank robbers, Phillips and Mătăsăreanu. Twelve police officers and eight civilians were injured. On April 20, 1999, school shooters Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold exchanged fire with Denver Police Department officers three times. Although 12 students and one teacher died, 21 others were injured and both

5244-694: The Nazi Party , which Hitler belonged to, attempted to launch a coup in Munich , Weimar Republic . The resulting shootout between Bavarian Police and Nazi supporters left twenty people dead and many injured. In the early hours of 25 June 1943, tensions between black troops and white military police of the United States Army stationed in Bamber Bridge , Lancashire , England , flared into mutiny, with both sides shooting at each other in

5358-555: The Old National Bank branch in Downtown Louisville, Kentucky . The gunman, 25-year old Connor Sturgeon was an employee at the bank, was armed with an AR-15 style rifle, and was shooting at anybody he saw. He had set up an Ambush position to target police officers, In total, 6 people died; 5 employees and the shooter who was killed by police. On November 9, 1923, Adolf Hitler and at least 2,000 members of

5472-664: The PDW , carbines , or simply more modern semi-automatic sidearms. Contributing to their already-fringe use, without a shoulder stock and training, machine pistols can be difficult to control for all but the best shooters. In 1896 a select-fire pistol was patented by the British inventor Hugh Gabbett-Fairfax. During World War I, a machine pistol version of the Steyr M1912 called the Repetierpistole M1912/P16

5586-596: The Special Tactics Group (STG) surrounded the house where shooter David Malcolm Gray was hiding and a gunbattle took place after failed attempts to lure him out. At the end, Gray ran out of the house, firing his rifle from the hip before being shot by STG officers. On November 16, 1991, Additional Commissioner of Police Aftab Ahmed Khan , head of the Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS), led a force of almost 100 police and ATS officers and attacked

5700-529: The Symbionese Liberation Army at a residential home at 1466 East 54th Street, Los Angeles. This remains one of the largest police shootouts in history with a reported total of over 9,000 rounds being fired (5,000 by police, 4,000 by the SLA). Every round fired by SLA members at the police missed the officers. During the incident, police fired tear gas into the house, unintentionally starting

5814-516: The U.S. Penitentiary at Leavenworth, Kansas , from which he had escaped three years earlier. Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd was identified by the FBI as one of the gunmen. However, some evidence suggests that Floyd was not involved. Frank Nash was first convicted in 1913. He and a friend, Nollie "Humpy" Wortman, stole nearly US$ 1,000 (equivalent to $ 30,800 in 2023) from a store in Sapulpa, Oklahoma . While escaping, Nash suggested they hide

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5928-545: The Weather Underground and Black Liberation Army resulted in a shootout and the deaths of two police officers and a Brinks security guard in Nyack, New York . The robbers, wearing body armor and equipped with assault rifles, initially ambushed the armored truck when it was parked at a shopping mall, killing Brinks guard Pete Paige and wounding his partner. After taking $ 1.6 million in cash and attempting to flee in

6042-541: The 9 mm Parabellum CZ 75 AUTOMATIC is the full-auto version of the CZ75. It has a longer barrel with three vent ports. This machine pistol has a horizontal rail in front of the trigger guard through which a spare 16- or 20-round magazine can be attached and be used as a fore-grip for better control during full automatic firing. During the 1990s, the Russian Stechkin APS was once again put into service, as

6156-519: The Birth of the FBI, 1933-1934 (2007), asserts that Floyd "almost certainly was" guilty of taking part in the massacre, citing the testimony of several underworld informants arrested by the FBI; however, their testimony has been contradicted by those of other informants and witnesses. On November 29, 1933, during the FBI's search for Miller, his mutilated naked body was found in a ditch on the outskirts of Detroit, Michigan . He had apparently been killed as

6270-527: The FBI agents outnumbered the suspects four to one, the agents were outgunned by the suspects. It took a total of 18 hits (six on Matix, 12 on Platt) to bring the gun battle to an end. All but one of the FBI agents involved in the shootout were killed or wounded. In a 11-day siege in August 1992, agents of the ATF , FBI , and U.S. Marshals armed engaged in a shootout with survivalist Randy Weaver and his family in

6384-624: The FBI concluded that Nash had assisted in the escape of seven prisoners from the United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth, on December 11, 1931. The investigation also disclosed that Nash had a very close association with Francis L. Keating, Thomas Holden, and several other gunmen who had participated in several bank robberies throughout the Midwest. Keating and Holden were apprehended by FBI agents on July 7, 1932, in Kansas City, Missouri . The pair had crucial information about

6498-453: The Glock 18 are controllable and accurate in full-auto shooting. Leroy Thompson states that "...machine pistols were reasonably good for use from within a vehicle or for issue to VIP [bodyguard] drivers to give them a marginally more effective weapon during an evacuation under fire". However, he also stated that machine pistols are "...(h)ard to control in full-auto fire", which means that there

6612-500: The Kansas City Massacre and was convicted on June 17, 1935, approximately two years after the massacre. He was sentenced to death. Following appeals and resentencing, he was executed on October 7, 1938. After an intensive search, the FBI and a team of local police officers located Pretty Boy Floyd hiding on a farm just outside Clarkson, Ohio , on October 22, 1934. Floyd shot it out with the law enforcement officers and

6726-453: The MAC-10's accuracy when he hyperbolically described the MAC series as "fit only for combat in a phone booth". Walt Rauch notes that "... despite the 50 to 70 years of bad press that has accrued to the concept of shooting a hand-held machine pistol", in which critics contend that the weapon will "spray bullets indiscriminately all over the area", he believes that the 2000s-era models such as

6840-563: The MP7 is much lighter than older designs, only 1.2 kg (2.65 lb) with an empty 20-round magazine. The dividing line between machine pistols and compact submachine guns is difficult to determine with any precision. The term "submachine gun" usually refers to magazine-fed, fully automatic carbines designed to fire pistol cartridges, while the term "machine pistol" usually refers to fully automatic handgun based weapons. However, many weapons fall into both categories. An example of this

6954-664: The Oklahoma State Penitentiary. He became a trusty , and his sentence was reduced to five years. On December 29, 1922, Nash was released. On March 3, 1924, Nash began a 25-year sentence at the United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth , in Kansas, for assaulting a mail custodian. He escaped on October 19, 1930. The FBI launched an intensive search for Nash throughout the entire United States and most of Canada. After an intensive investigation,

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7068-601: The Swati building at the Lokhandwala Complex in Bombay , India . In the ensuing four-hour shootout, 450 rounds were fired and seven D-Company gangsters were killed, including Maya Dolas , Dilip Buwa , and Anil Pawar. On March 3, 2005, James Roszko ambushed and killed Royal Canadian Mounted Police constables Peter Schiemann, Anthony Gordon, Lionide Johnston and Brock Myrol with a prohibited HK-91 rifle during

7182-515: The agency did not have authority to carry firearms (although some agents reportedly did) and make arrests (they could make a " citizen's arrest ", then call a U.S. Marshal or local law officer), but one year later Congress gave the FBI statutory authority to carry guns and make arrests (in May and June 1934). The FBI acquired its first Thompson submachine guns and Winchester Model 1907 self-loading rifles. But, after requesting that Remington Arms provide

7296-404: The area surrounding the platform and saw nothing that aroused their suspicion. SAC Vetterli advised Agent Lackey that he and Caffrey had brought two cars to Union Station and that the cars were parked immediately outside. Agent Lackey then returned to the train and, accompanied by Chief Reed, SAC Vetterli, Agents Caffrey and Smith, and Officers Hermanson and Grooms, proceeded from the train through

7410-431: The back. Smith was unscathed. The three gunmen rushed to the lawmen's car and looked inside. One of them was heard to shout "They're all dead. Let's get out of here." With that, they raced toward a dark-colored Chevrolet. Just then a Kansas City policeman emerged from Union Station and began firing in the direction of one of the killers, later identified as Floyd, who slumped briefly but continued to run. The killers entered

7524-627: The body of Hester beaten to death. On July 18, 1984, the San Diego Police Department responded to 911 calls about an Active Shooter at a McDonald's restaurant in San Ysidro, San Diego , they were accidentally given the wrong location and it took ten minutes to finally get to the right location. The shooter 41-year old James Huberty exchanged fire with the arriving police cars, fire trucks, and SWAT teams, in total 23 people died; 17 customers, 1 unborn baby, 4 employees, and

7638-481: The bolt to slow the rate of fire, which would otherwise make such a lightweight weapon uncontrollable. The 9 mm Parabellum Glock 18 is a select-fire variant of the Glock 17, developed in 1986 at the request of the Austrian counter-terrorist unit EKO Cobra . This machine pistol has a lever-type select-fire switch, installed on the left side, at the rear of the serrated portion of the slide (selector lever in

7752-662: The bottom position for continuous fire, top setting for single fire). The firearm is typically used with an extended 33-round capacity magazine and may be fired with or without a shoulder stock. The pistol's rate of fire in fully automatic mode is approximately 1,100–1,400 RPM. Introduced in 1992, the Steyr TMP ( Taktische Maschinenpistole "tactical machine pistol") is a select-fire 9×19mm Parabellum machine pistol manufactured by Steyr Mannlicher of Austria. The magazines come in 15-, 20-, 25-, or 30-round detachable box types. A suppressor can also be fitted. Also introduced in 1992,

7866-436: The car which sped westward out of the parking area and disappeared. The three survivors, Agents Smith and Lackey and SAC Vetterli, reported that the assault lasted possibly 30 seconds. They were uncertain if three or four gunmen staged the assault. From their account, it was apparent that the two Kansas City police officers were killed immediately, followed seconds later by Frank Nash and Chief Reed and then by Agent Caffrey, who

7980-460: The center of the back; and Chief Reed sat beside Smith in the right rear seat. At this point, Agent Caffrey walked around the car to get into the driver's seat through the left door. SAC Vetterli stood with Officers Hermanson and Grooms at the right side near the front of the car. A green Plymouth was parked about six feet away on the right side of Agent Caffrey's car. Looking in the direction of this Plymouth, Agent Lackey saw two men run from behind

8094-503: The courthouse into a waiting getaway van. As they attempted to flee the scene, a shootout broke out between the hostage takers and Marin County Sheriffs deputies providing security at the courthouse. By the end of the gun battle, Jonathan Jackson, McClain, Christmas, and judge Harold Haley were killed. According to the other hostages, Haley was executed by the hostage takers with a shotgun that had been taped to his throat. Magee

8208-562: The evidence. As Wortman went to bury the money, Nash shot him in the back. Nash was arrested hours later and sentenced to life in the Oklahoma State Penitentiary . On March 28, 1918, Nash's sentence was reduced to ten years after he convinced the warden he wanted to join the army and fight in World War I . In 1920, Nash was convicted of burglary using explosives, also known as safe-cracking, and sentenced to 25 years in

8322-542: The fallen officers were left bleeding nearby, their colleagues unable to reach them. More than 100 rounds were fired by the SWAT teams and Poplawski, who surrendered after suffering a gunshot wound to the leg. Poplawski was later convicted of capital murder and was sentenced to death. On Sunday, November 29, 2009, four Lakewood, Washington police officers (Sergeant Mark Renninger, Officer Ronald Owens, 37, Officer Tina Griswold, 40, Officer Greg Richards, 42) were shot and killed at

8436-516: The first calls to 911 were placed, officers had already shot and killed Aiden Hale in the second floor of the school. In total, 7 people died; 3 students, all 9 years old, as well as a custodian, a substitute teacher, and the head of the school, and the shooter were killed in the attack. On April 10, 2023, officers from the Louisville Metro Police Department responded to multiple 911 calls about an Active Shooter at

8550-564: The headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) inside the Washington Navy Yard in southeast Washington, D.C. , gunman Aaron Alexis exchanged gunfire with police and security guards. After injuring a police officer, Alexis was shot in the head by the injured policeman, and was pronounced dead more than two hours later. On May 17, 2015, in one of the deadliest gang shootings in American history,

8664-555: The late 1920s, Spanish gunmakers expanded upon this idea by introducing select fire copies of the C96 with 20-round detachable magazines. In the early 1930s, Mauser engineers finally followed suit, and introduced the Model 1932 or Model 712 Schnellfeuer variant, which also included 20 round detachable magazines and a select fire mechanism allowing for fully automatic fire at a rate of 1,000 RPM. During World War II, machine pistol development

8778-438: The latter to the crime. The FBI account—including Floyd's involvement—has been disputed in three books: Joe Urschel's The Year of Fear (2015), Robert Unger's Union Station Massacre: The Original Sin of J. Edgar Hoover 's FBI (1997) and Michael Wallis's Floyd biography Pretty Boy (1994). The authors believe that Floyd and Richetti were framed by the FBI. The matter is likely to remain highly controversial, as evidence against

8892-483: The left side of the car to join Agent Caffrey, who had not yet entered the driver's seat of the Chevrolet, Vetterli saw Caffrey fall to the ground. He had been fatally wounded in the head. Inside the car, Frank Nash and Chief Reed were killed. Agents Lackey and Smith were able to survive the massacre by falling forward in the back seat of the Chevrolet. Lackey was struck and seriously wounded by three bullets in

9006-402: The lobby of Union Station. At the time, both Agent Lackey and Chief Reed were armed with shotguns. Other officers carried pistols. Frank Nash walked through Union Station with the seven officers. Upon leaving Union Station, the lawmen, with their captive, paused briefly. Again, seeing nothing that aroused their suspicion, they proceeded to Caffrey's Chevrolet. Frank Nash was handcuffed throughout

9120-621: The middle of the town. The " Battle of Bamber Bridge " was one of the few instances of a gun battle in the United Kingdom during World War II, and left one dead and four wounded. On 2 September ( Father's Day in Australia) 1984, rival motorcycle gang members engaged in a firearm battle in Milperra , a south-western suburb of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia . The shootout had its roots in an intense rivalry that developed after

9234-408: The mission. According to the FBI report, Floyd and Richetti happened to be on the way to Kansas City but had been detained at Bolivar, Missouri , early on the morning of the 16th, when the car in which they were riding became disabled. While the two were waiting in a local garage for the necessary repairs to the car, Sheriff Jack Killingsworth entered the building. Richetti, who immediately recognized

9348-757: The officers, forcing them to retreat. One hour and 13 minutes later, members of the United States Border Patrol Tactical Unit unlocked the door with a janitor's master key that Ramos had locked and entered the classroom, killing him. On March 27, 2023, officers from the Metropolitan Nashville Police Department responded to a 911 call about an active shooter situation at the Covenant School in Nashville, Tennessee. The shooter,

9462-486: The police were pinned down until one officer arrived with an AR-15 carbine. After the police engaged the suspects with the AR-15, the suspects fled. One of the suspects was killed in the shootout, one during a later standoff with the police the next day, and three were later captured. Eight officers were also wounded during the events. On October 20, 1981, an attempted armed robbery of a Brinks armored truck by members of

9576-404: The rear. The resultant lighter bolt led to a higher rate of fire than the standard MP5 (900-1000 RPM vs. 800). The barrel, cocking handle and its cover were shortened and a vertical foregrip was used to replace the standard handguard. The barrel ends at the base of the front sight, which prevents the use of any sort of muzzle device. Another popular machine pistol using the three-shot burst system

9690-403: The right side of the weapon's frame, enabling either semi-automatic or continuous fire – labelled "SEM" and "AUT", respectively. Additionally, the weapon has a heavier slide, a folding wooden forward grip, an extended barrel and an extended magazine, increasing the capacity to 10 rounds. The MAC-10 and MAC-11 were 1970s blowback-designed weapons with the magazine carried in the pistol grip and

9804-545: The same time Georg Luger demonstrated a similar Luger machine-pistol which inspired the German Army to develop submachine guns. The Mauser C96 was introduced in 1896, it being one of the first commercially successful and practical semi-automatic pistols. During World War I, the Germans experimented with machine pistols by converting both 7.63mm Mauser and 9 mm Parabellum semi-automatic C96 pistols to full-auto. In

9918-449: The sheriff, seized a machine gun and held the sheriff and the garage attendants up against the wall. Floyd drew two .45 caliber machine pistols and ordered all parties to remain motionless. Floyd and Richetti then transferred their arsenal into another automobile and ordered the sheriff to enter that vehicle. The two, along with their prisoner, drove to Deepwater, Missouri , abandoned that automobile and commandeered another. After releasing

10032-440: The sheriff, they arrived in Kansas City about 10:00 p.m. on June 16. There, Floyd and Richetti abandoned that automobile and stole another car to which they transferred their baggage and firearms. Finally, that same night, they met Miller and went with him to his home. There Miller told them of his plan to free Frank Nash. Early the next morning, according to the FBI account, Miller, Floyd, and Richetti drove to Union Station in

10146-503: The shooter was killed by a SWAT sniper. On May 13, 1985, the Philadelphia Police Department engaged in a shootout with the anarcho-primitivist group MOVE , after a failed attempt to serve arrest warrants on four members of the group at their communal residence. About 10,000 rounds of ammunition were fired by the police. The police eventually dropped two bombs on the house from a police helicopter , starting

10260-483: The shooters committed suicide, no officers were killed or injured. On February 24, 2005, David Hernandez Arroyo attacked his ex-wife, Maribel Estrada, and her son outside the courthouse in Tyler, Texas . Arroyo was armed with a semi-automatic MAK-90 (an AK-47 clone with a semi-automatic receiver) rifle. Maribel Estrada was shot in the head and died; her son was shot in the leg but recovered. The shots immediately brought

10374-589: The shootings of black men Alton Sterling and Philando Castile by police in Louisiana and Minnesota , Micah Xavier Johnson opened fire on white police officers of the Dallas Police Department from an upper floor of a parking garage whilst they were overseeing a protest. Johnson was killed by a Remotec ANDROS Mark V-A bomb disposal robot , which carried a pound of C-4 explosive . On July 11, 2016, inmate Larry Darnell Gordon opened fire on

10488-555: The source, in Frisco (now Reserve ), New Mexico . On May 19, 1920, private agents from the Baldwin–Felts Detective Agency battled with the local sheriff, the town's mayor, and a group of coal miners , over an attempt by Baldwin-Felts agents to evict coal miners from their homes during a strike. On June 17, 1933, in an attempt to free their friend, a criminal gang ambushed seven FBI agents and Kansas City police at

10602-657: The third floor of the Berrien County Courthouse in St. Joseph, Michigan , killing two bailiffs and injuring a sheriff's deputy. Gordon, who was facing a multitude of charges that carried a possible life sentence, was being taken to a holding cell following a courthouse hearing when he disarmed an officer and attempted to take hostages. Moments after taking hostages, other court officers shot and killed Gordon. On November 5, 2017, shooter Devin Patrick Kelley

10716-651: The three-round bursts is 2,200 RPM. Despite the VP70's potential, it was never adopted by the Bundeswehr . In 1976, a shortened version of the 9 mm Parabellum Heckler & Koch MP5 was introduced; the MP5K (K from the German Kurz = "short") was designed for close quarters battle use by clandestine operations and special services. The MP5K does not have a shoulder stock, and the bolt and receiver were shortened at

10830-507: The time of the scheduled arrival of Nash and his captors in Kansas City and made plans to free him. The scheme was conceived and engineered by Richard Tallman Galatas, Herbert Farmer, "Doc" Louis Stacci, and Frank B. Mulloy. Vernon Miller was designated to free Nash, and while at Mulloy's tavern in Kansas City, he made several phone calls for assistance in the scheme. According to the official FBI report, Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd and his sidekick Adam Richetti arrived in Kansas City to aid in

10944-554: The top of the tower at the University of Texas at Austin and proceeded to fire randomly from the tower. He then exchanged fire with Austin Police Department officers and armed civilians. After killing several people, he was killed in a final exchange when his perch was stormed by Austin police. On April 6, 1970, California Highway Patrol (CHP) officers engaged heavily armed criminals Bobby Davis and Jack Twinning in

11058-669: The train station as they were escorting captured fugitive Frank Nash back to prison. The FBI agents were unarmed, but the local police exchanged fire with the criminal gang. The gang unintentionally killed Nash along with the law officers. The FBI claimed that the gang included Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd , but the evidence is debatable and contradicts with Floyd's alleged presence. On November 27, 1934, in Barrington, Illinois , bank robber Lester Gillis /George "Baby Face" Nelson, his wife Helen, and gang member John Chase encountered an FBI car driven by Agents Thomas Dade and William Ryan on

11172-421: The trip from the train to the Chevrolet, which was parked directly in front of the east entrance of Union Station. Agent Caffrey unlocked the right door of the Chevrolet. When the door was opened, Nash started to get into the back seat; however, Agent Lackey told Nash to get into the front of the car. Agent Lackey then climbed into the back of the car directly behind the driver's seat. Agent Smith sat beside him in

11286-539: The two men is far from conclusive. Urschel and Wallis maintain that the massacre is completely out of character with the rest of Floyd's known career. Additionally, longtime underworld figure Blackie Audett wrote in Rap Sheet (1954) that Floyd and Richetti weren't involved, and that the other two gunmen were really Maurice Denning and William Weissman, brother of noted racketeer Saul "Solly" Weissman. Bryan Burrough, author of Public Enemies: America's Greatest Crimewave and

11400-589: The weapon is in use with the armed forces of several countries as a sidearm. The Škorpion was also license-built in Yugoslavia, designated M84. The Beretta M1951R was based on the 9 mm Parabellum Beretta M1951 pistol and produced during the 1960s in response to a request made by the Italian special forces. The primary difference between the M951R and the original M1951 lay in the fire selector lever mounted on

11514-520: The whereabouts of Nash and eventually divulged that he was hiding out in Hot Springs, Arkansas . With information in hand, two FBI agents, Frank Smith and Francis Joseph "Joe" Lackey, and McAlester, Oklahoma Police Chief Otto Reed ventured to Arkansas to find the escaped outlaw. After an exhaustive search, Nash was apprehended in a local store in Hot Springs on June 16, 1933. The three officials then drove Nash to Fort Smith, Arkansas , to board

11628-642: The wilderness near Bonners Ferry, Idaho . On February 28, 1993, heavily armed members of the Branch Davidian sect engaged federal agents of the ATF in an intense firefight during a raid of their compound building, initiating a 51-day siege by the FBI near Waco, Texas . On February 28, 1997, following a failed bank robbery in North Hollywood , Los Angeles , California , the two robbers, Larry Phillips Jr. and Emil Mătăsăreanu, armed with several assault rifles, fired upon responding officers of

11742-425: Was confronted by and traded fire with Stephen Willeford, a local resident and former firearms instructor who was armed with an AR-15 semi-automatic rifle. Willeford had taken cover behind a truck across the street from the church and shot Kelley twice, once in the leg and once in the upper left torso under his tactical gear. Kelley, who had dropped his rifle during the initial firefight with Willeford, fired back with

11856-468: Was driving crashed into a telephone pole. Police Chief J. H. Fultz went out to investigate and a shootout took place with Floyd and Richetti. Chief Fultz apprehended Richetti after Richetti had emptied his gun at the officer. Floyd escaped, but the Police Chief thought Floyd might have been wounded. Adam Richetti, following his apprehension, was returned to Kansas City. He was tried for the murders in

11970-478: Was killed in the shootout. At the time Floyd was killed, a watch and fob, consisting of a "lucky piece", were found on his person. Groups of ten notches were found on each of these items—reportedly carved by Floyd as an indication of the number of people he had killed. With his dying breath, Floyd denied he was involved in the shooting. The four individuals who aided in the conspiracy—Richard Galatas, Herbert Farmer, "Doc" Louis Stacci, and Frank Mulloy—were indicted by

12084-704: Was killed on the scene. On May 24, 2022, 18-year-old Salvador Ramos entered Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, Texas armed with Daniel Defense M4 carbine and opened fire on students and teachers in an adjoining classroom. 3 minutes after the shooting began, 6 officers from the Uvalde Police Department and 2 officers from the Uvalde Consolidated Independent School District entered the building and exchanged gunfire with Ramos. Ramos shot and injured 2 of

12198-411: Was made in 1986. On January 11, 1983, Memphis Police Department Officer Bobby Hester was taken hostage at a house at 2239 Shannon Street after a confrontation occurred between Hester, his partner Ray Schwill, and the house's owner, cult leader Lindberg Sanders. After 30 hours of negotiations, a Memphis Police assault team raided the house, killing Sanders and six of his followers, after which they found

12312-525: Was more or less ignored as the major powers were focused on mass-producing submachine guns . Mauser Model 1932 or Model 712 Schnellfeuer variant was used mainly by Waffen-SS personnel. The 9×18mm Makarov Stechkin automatic pistol (APS) is a Russian select-fire machine pistol introduced into the Russian army in 1951. Like the other common Russian army pistol of this era, the Makarov, the Stechkin uses

12426-1494: Was originally written by Ande Parks . On August 3, 2015, Gangland Wire documentary filmmaker Gary Jenkins published a 3-episode true crime story podcast about the Union Station Massacre. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from History: Kansas City Massacre/“Pretty Boy” Floyd . Federal Bureau of Investigation . 39°05′05″N 94°35′07″W  /  39.08481°N 94.58537°W  / 39.08481; -94.58537 Shootout Shootouts often pit law enforcement against criminals , though they can also involve groups outside of law enforcement, such as rivalling gangs , militias , or individuals. Military combat situations are rarely titled "shootouts", and are almost always considered battles , engagements , skirmishes , exchanges, or firefights. Shootouts are often depicted in action films , Westerns , and video games . On October 26, 1881, Deputy U.S. Marshal and Tombstone City Marshal Virgil Earp , Assistant Marshal Morgan Earp , and Special Police Officers Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday , faced off against outlaw Cowboys Ike Clanton , Billy Clanton , Billy Claiborne , Tom McLaury , and Frank McLaury in Tombstone , Arizona Territory . On December 1, 1884, lawman Elfego Baca ignited an intense shootout with 40–80 cowboys, depending on

12540-422: Was produced. It used a 16-round fixed magazine loaded via 8 round stripper clips, a detachable shoulder stock and a rather large exposed semi-auto/full-auto selector switch on the right side of the frame above the trigger (down = semi & up = full). It fired the 9×23mm Steyr cartridge, with a full-auto rate-of-fire of about 800 to 1,000 rounds per minute (RPM). It weighed about 2.6 pounds. Introduced in 1916, it

12654-436: Was severely injured, but survived the battle and was sentenced to life in prison. One juror and the D.A., Gary W. Thomas , were also wounded. One of the weapons used by Jackson was later traced to Black Panther icon Angela Davis , who was tried (but acquitted) for participation in the crime. On May 17, 1974, a confrontation and gun battle occurred between officers of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) and six members of

12768-497: Was shot and killed by a Seattle Police Department officer in south Seattle . From February 3–12, 2013, former LAPD officer Christopher Dorner killed three people (including an officer) and injured three other officers. On February 12, Dorner engaged in a shootout with police at Big Bear Lake, California , killing one and injuring another. Police then deployed tear gas into Dorner's cabin, which possibly set it on fire, after which Dorner committed suicide. On September 16, 2013, at

12882-508: Was taken to a hospital and pronounced dead on arrival. The FBI immediately initiated an investigation to identify and apprehend the gunmen. The investigation developed evidence that the scheme was carried out by Vernon C. Miller, Adam C. Richetti, and Pretty Boy Floyd. The evidence included latent fingerprint impressions located by FBI Agents on beer bottles in Miller's Kansas City home and identified as those of Adam Richetti, thus helping to link

12996-448: Was widely disregarded in favor of submachine gun mass-production. After the war, machine pistol development was limited and only a handful of manufacturers would develop new designs, with varying degrees of success. This concept would eventually lead to the development of the personal defense weapon or PDW. Today, machine pistols are considered special-purpose weapons with limited utility, with their original niche being filled with either

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