The Kyūshū campaign of 1586–1587 was part of the campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi who sought to dominate Japan at the end of the Sengoku period . Having subjugated much of Honshū and Shikoku , Hideyoshi turned his attention to the southernmost of the main Japanese islands, Kyūshū .
17-526: Battles had raged for the previous few years between the daimyō of Kyūshū, and by 1585 the Shimazu family of Satsuma were the primary power on the island. In 1586, Shimazu clan heard of Hideyoshi's plans for invasion, and lifted their siege of Tachibana castle , withdrawing a great portion of their forces back to Higo province , while the rest stayed in Bungo province . There, they seized Funai Castle from
34-521: A castle in the Hyūga Province as part of the Shimazu Estate , whose name he also adopted. Shimazu Yoshihisa (1533–1611) was the 16th Head of Shimazu family and the eldest son of Shimazu Takahisa . In 1586, he succeeded in unifying and controlling the entire Kyushu region . He retired in 1587 after Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Kyushu Campaign . The 17th head, Yoshihiro (1535–1619), was
51-477: Is often used to refer to the combined area of Mutsu and the neighboring province Dewa , which together make up the entire Tōhoku region . Mutsu, on northern Honshū , was one of the last provinces to be formed as land was taken from the indigenous Emishi , and became the largest as it expanded northward. The ancient regional capital of the Kinai government was Tagajō in present-day Miyagi Prefecture . In 1095,
68-691: The daimyō of the Satsuma han , which spread over Satsuma , Ōsumi and Hyūga provinces in Japan . The Shimazu were identified as one of the tozama or outsider daimyō families in contrast with the fudai or insider clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan . The Shimazu were descendants of the Seiwa Genji branch of the Minamoto . The Shimazu would become one of
85-640: The Mōri clan under Kobayakawa Takakage , another ally of Hideyoshi. Hashiba Hidenaga , half-brother to Hideyoshi, landed to the south of Bungo, attacking the Shimazu at Takajō , on Kyūshū's eastern coast, in 1587. Meanwhile, Hideyoshi took his own forces down a more westerly route, attacking Ganjaku Castle in Chikuzen province , which was held by the Akizuki clan . Later that year, the two brothers would meet up in
102-674: The Sengoku period . Some retainer families, such as the Ijuin and Shirakawa , were determined to defeat any opposition to help expand the power of the Shimazu clan. The Shimazu are also famous for being the first to use teppo (firearms, specifically matchlock arquebuses ) on the battlefield in Japan, and began domestic production of the weapons as well. Shimazu battle tactics are known to have been very successful in defeating larger enemy armies, particularly during their campaign to conquer Kyūshū in
119-633: The daimyō at the time of the Battle of Sekigahara , the establishment of the Tokugawa Shogunate , and the Siege of Osaka . His nephew and successor was Tadatsune . He held significant power during the first two decades of the 17th century, and organized the Shimazu invasion of the Ryūkyū Kingdom (modern-day Okinawa Prefecture ) in 1609. The Shōgun allowed this because he wished to appease
136-627: The Ōshū Fujiwara clan settled at Hiraizumi , under the leadership of Fujiwara no Kiyohira . Kiyohira hoped to "form a city rivaling Kyoto as a centre of culture". The legacy of the Ōshū Fujiwara clan remains with the temples Chūson-ji and Mōtsū-ji in Hiraizumi, and the Shiramizu Amidadō temple building in Iwaki . In 1189, Minamoto no Yoritomo invaded Mutsu with three great forces, eventually killing Fujiwara no Yasuhira and acquiring
153-426: The Ōtomo clan and prepared for the invasion. The Ōtomo were supported by armies under Sengoku Hidehisa , Sogō Masayasu , and Chōsokabe Motochika a major Shikoku lord who had been defeated by Hideyoshi the previous year, and had thus joined him. Though Bungo province ultimately fell to the Shimazu, Sengoku and Chōsokabe delayed them and weakened them in preparation for the arrival of Hideyoshi's armies and those of
170-634: The 1580s. Their tactics included the luring of the opposition into an ambush on both sides by arquebus troops, creating panic and disorder. Central forces would then be deployed to rout the enemy. In this way, the Shimazu were able to defeat much larger clans such as the Itō , Ryūzōji and Ōtomo . Overall, the Shimazu was a very large and powerful clan due to their strong economy both from domestic production through trade, good organization of government and troops, strong loyalty of retainers and isolation from Honshū. In 1789, Shigehide (1745–1833)'s daughter became
187-402: The Shimazu and prevent potential uprisings after their loss at Sekigahara. The trade benefits thus acquired, and the political prestige of being the only daimyō family to control an entire foreign country secured the Shimazu's position as one of the most powerful daimyō families in Japan at the time. The Shimazu clan was renowned for the loyalty of its retainers and officers, especially during
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#1732772716394204-634: The Shimazu's home province of Satsuma, to assault their home castle at Kagoshima . Ultimately, Kagoshima itself was not attacked; the Shimazu surrendered, leaving Hideyoshi to return his attention to the Hōjō clan of the Kantō , the last major clan to oppose him. Hideyoshi would make use of Kyūshū through much of the 1590s in his attacks on Korea. 33°N 131°E / 33°N 131°E / 33; 131 Shimazu family The Shimazu clan ( Japanese : 島津氏 , Hepburn : Shimazu-shi ) were
221-549: The entire domain. During the Sengoku period , clans ruled parts of the province. As a result of the Boshin War , Mutsu Province was divided by the Meiji government , on 19 January 1869, into five provinces: Iwashiro , Iwaki , Rikuzen , Rikuchū , and Rikuō ) . The fifth of these, corresponding roughly to today's Aomori Prefecture , was assigned the same two kanji as the entire province prior to division; however,
238-458: The families of Edo period daimyō to have held their territory continuously since the Kamakura period , and would also become, at their peak, the wealthiest and most powerful Tozama daimyō family with an income in excess of 700,000 koku . The founder, Shimazu Tadahisa (d. 1227), was a son of Shōgun Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147–1199) with the sister of Hiki Yoshikazu . Tadahisa's wife
255-578: The seven most significant vassal families—the Niiro, Hokugō, Ijuin , Machida, Kawakami, Ata and Kajiki. Mutsu Province Mutsu Province ( 陸奥国 , Mutsu no kuni ) was an old province of Japan in the area of Fukushima , Miyagi , Iwate and Aomori Prefectures and the municipalities of Kazuno and Kosaka in Akita Prefecture . Mutsu Province is also known as Ōshū ( 奥州 ) or Michinoku ( 陸奥 or 道奥 ) . The term Ōu ( 奥羽 )
272-604: The wife of the 11th shogun , Tokugawa Ienari . In 1856, Nariakira (1809–1858)'s adopted daughter ( Tenshō-in ) became the wife of the 13th shogun , Tokugawa Iesada . Hisamitsu (1817–1887), regent of Tadayoshi , was the daimyō of Satsuma at the time of the Boshin War and the Meiji Restoration , in which Satsuma played a major role. Incorporates information from the Japanese Misplaced Pages article The Shimazu shichi-tō comprised
289-597: Was a daughter of Koremune Hironobu , a descendant of the Hata clan , whose name Tadahisa took at first. He received the domain of Shioda in Shinano Province in 1186 and was then named shugo of Satsuma Province. He sent Honda Sadachika to take possession of the province in his name and accompanied Yoritomo in his expedition to Mutsu in 1189. He went to Satsuma in 1196, subdued the Hyūga and Ōsumi provinces, and built
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