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34-614: No contemporary source recorded the foundation of the Shimazu Estate. According to a document dated circa 1291, a "wasteland belonging to no one" was developed during the Manju era (1024–1028) and was donated to Kampaku (de facto ruler of Japan) Fujiwara no Yorimichi to break free from the provincial government's control. Another document states that its founder was Taira no Suemoto , the Dazai Daigen (high-ranking official of

68-450: A large overlap in membership between the two polities is observed. The Shimazu Estate's area of influence was smaller in Ōsumi Province, being just over half, and the largest part of the remaining portion was controlled by Ōsumi Shō-Hachimangū . However, it had a stronger control over the land, as over half of the lands were ichien no shō . The provincial government and the estate remained largely separate entities. In 1203, Shimazu Tadahisa

102-2898: A series on the History of Japan [REDACTED] Periods Paleolithic before 14,000 BC Jōmon 14,000–1000 BC Yayoi 1000 BC – 300 AD Kofun 300–538 AD Asuka 538–710 Nara 710–794 Heian Former Nine Years' War Later Three-Year War Genpei War 794–1185 Kamakura Jōkyū War Mongol invasions Genkō War Kenmu Restoration 1185–1333 Muromachi Nanboku-chō period Sengoku period 1336–1573 Azuchi–Momoyama Nanban trade Imjin War Battle of Sekigahara 1573–1603 Edo (Tokugawa) Tokugawa shogunate Invasion of Ryukyu Siege of Osaka Sakoku Perry Expedition Convention of Kanagawa Bakumatsu Meiji Restoration Boshin War 1603–1868 Meiji Ryūkyū Disposition Invasion of Taiwan (1874) Satsuma Rebellion First Sino-Japanese War Treaty of Shimonoseki Triple Intervention Invasion of Taiwan (1895) Colonization of Taiwan Boxer Rebellion Russo-Japanese War Treaty of Portsmouth Japan–Korea Treaty Colonization of Korea 1868–1912 Taishō World War I Intervention in Siberia Great Kantō earthquake 1912–1926 Shōwa Militarism Financial crisis Nanking incident Mukden Incident Invasion of Manchuria May 15 incident February 26 incident Anti-Comintern Pact Tripartite Pact Second Sino-Japanese War World War II Attack on Pearl Harbor Pacific War Atomic bombings Soviet–Japanese War Surrender of Japan Occupation of Japan Postwar Japan Anpo protests Economic miracle Asset price bubble 1926–1989 Heisei Lost Decades Great Hanshin earthquake Cool Japan Tōhoku earthquake Imperial transition 1989–2019 Reiwa COVID-19 pandemic Abe assassination Noto earthquake 2019–present Topics Capital punishment Currency Earthquakes Economy Era names Education Empire Foreign relations Geography Historiography Religion Buddhism Christianity Islam Judaism Shinto Military Naval Politics Post-war Science and technology Sports World Heritage Sites Glossary History Timeline v t e Manju ( 万寿 )

136-486: Is attested by some letters given to Tanegashima by Ryūkyū in the 16th century. It is known that Japanese trade ships to Ming China exported Southeast Asian products such as pepper and sappanwood. They were probably obtained by the Tanegashima clan via Ryūkyū. Historians draw attention to a letter given to Ryūkyū by the Ōuchi clan in 1542, which requested Ryūkyū to detain Tanegashima's ships. The Ōuchi clan, who rivaled

170-680: Is considered unhistorical because no contemporary source supports it. The actual origin of the Tanegashima clan was the Higo clan . In 1203, Hōjō Tomotoki , the founder of the Nagoe branch of the Hōjō clan , was appointed as a jitō or land steward of the estate of Shimazu , which covered Tanegashima Island. Since the Nagoe family resided in Kamakura , the Higo clan was sent to the estate to rule it on behalf of

204-581: Is different from Wikidata Articles containing Japanese-language text Tanegashima clan The Tanegashima clan ( 種子島氏 , Tanegashima-shi ) is a Japanese aristocratic family of samurai origins that originated on the Tanegashima Island , just south of Kyūshū . From the late Sengoku era to the start of the Meiji era , the Tanegashima were retainers of the Shimazu clan of

238-835: Is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today . ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 156-159; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 307-310; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 195-196. ^ Brown, p. 310. ^ Iwao, Seiichi. (2002). Dictionnaire historique du Japon, p. 607. , p. 607, at Google Books ^ Pankenier, David. (1999). Archaeoastronomy in East Asia: Historical Observational Records of Comets and Meteor Showers from China, Japan, and Korea, p. 89. , p. 89, at Google Books ^ Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982). Lessons from History:

272-546: The Satsuma Domain . In 1900, they were appointed Baron . The Tanegashima clan claims Taira ancestry. According to the family genealogy, its founder Nobumoto (信基) was a great-grandson of Taira no Kiyomori . Surviving the Genpei War (1180–1185), he was adopted by Hōjō Tokimasa , changed his name to Tokinobu (時信) and was given the island of Tanegashima at the beginning of the Kamakura period . However, this story

306-886: The "private territories of the military governor" (守護私領). Even in Satsuma Province, the Shimazu clan's rule was not stable. As a result of the Jōkyū War , Satsuma's Kawanabe District came under the control of the Tokusō (mainline) family of the Hōjō clan. Hōjō's retainer, the Chikama clan , served as the district governor and deputy jitō of Kawanabe District. During the downfall of the Kamakura shogunate, Shimazu Sadahisa successfully sided with Ashikaga Takauji . In reward for his service,

340-610: The Hosokawa clan in Chinese trade, seems to have intended to bar Hosokawa from trade. Tanegashima is traditionally known as the site of the introduction of European firearms to Japan although this account is frequently questioned by historians. It is said that firearms were introduced in 1543 by the Portuguese who drifted to Tanegashima. The Tanegashima clan, led by its 15 year old daimyō Tanegashima Tokitaka , quickly acquired

374-410: The Hōjō clan. The Nagoe branch family of the Hōjō clan maintained the post of jitō in Ōsumi until the end of the Kamakura period. They sent the Higo clan to Ōsumi as deputy rulers. After the Hōjō clan was annihilated, one line of the Higo clan made itself autonomous in Tanegashima and began to claim the clan name of Tanegashima . The post of the military governor of Ōsumi Province was transferred from

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408-523: The Nagoe family to the Chiba clan in the early 1280s and then to the Kanesawa branch family of the Hōjō clan in the early 1290s. Because the Nagoe family kept the position of the jitō of the estate in Ōsumi, the military governor had to devote much effort to consolidate power. In fact, Kanesawa Tokinao actively incorporated the officials of the military government as his retainers and relabeled their lands as

442-523: The Nagoe family. Some members of the Higo clan seem to have spread to Tanegashima. The Higo clan made itself autonomous in Tanegashima after the Hōjō clan was annihilated. During the Nanboku-chō period , it began to claim the clan name of Tanegashima, which implied the ownership of the island. During the Nanboku-chō period, the Tanegashima clan began to contact with the Shimazu clan, who had gained

476-769: The Northern Court, which retained Gentoku until 1332. Not recognized by the Southern Court. Genchū discontinued upon reunification of the Northern and Southern Courts in 1392 and Meitoku retained until 1394. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manju_(era)&oldid=1218662654 " Categories : 1020s in Japan Japanese eras Hidden categories: Webarchive template archiveis links Articles with short description Short description

510-468: The Shimazu clan won back the jitō of the Shimazu Estate in Ōsumi and the military governor of Ōsumi and Hyūga Provinces. Because the military government and the estate in Ōsumi remained distinct entities, the Shimazu clan had much trouble regaining control over the province and eventually collapsed. Manju (era) Period of Japanese history (1024–1028 CE) Part of

544-9231: The Tokushi Yoron, p. 29. References [ edit ] Ackroyd, Joyce . (1982) Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press . ISBN   978-0-702-21485-1 ; OCLC 7574544 Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN   978-0-520-03460-0 ; OCLC 251325323 Iwao, Seiichi . (2002). Dictionnaire historique du Japon (Vol. I) , (Vol. II) (with Teizō Iyanaga, Susumu Ishii, Shōichirō Yoshida et al. ). Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. ISBN   978-2-7068-1632-1 ; OCLC 51096469 Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press . ISBN   978-0-674-01753-5 ; OCLC 58053128 Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran ; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691 Varley, H. Paul . (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press . ISBN   9780231049405 ; OCLC 6042764 External links [ edit ] National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection Preceded by Jian Era or nengō Manju 1024–1028 Succeeded by Chōgen v t e Japanese era names ( nengō ) by period 538–1264 Asuka Heian Heian (cont'd) Heian (cont'd) Heian (cont'd) Heian (cont'd) Kamakura (cont'd) 645–650 Taika 650–654 Hakuchi 686–686 Shuchō 701–704 Taihō 704–708 Keiun 708–715 Wadō   Nara 715–717 Reiki 717–724 Yōrō 724–729 Jinki 729–749 Tenpyō 749 Tenpyō-kanpō 749–757 Tenpyō-shōhō 757–765 Tenpyō-hōji 765–767 Tenpyō-jingo 767–770 Jingo-keiun 770–781 Hōki 781–782 Ten'ō 782–806 Enryaku 806–810 Daidō 810–824 Kōnin 824–834 Tenchō 834–848 Jōwa 848–851 Kashō 851–854 Ninju 854–857 Saikō 857–859 Ten'an 859–877 Jōgan 877–885 Gangyō 885–889 Ninna 889–898 Kanpyō 898–901 Shōtai 901–923 Engi 923–931 Enchō 931–938 Jōhei 938–947 Tengyō 947–957 Tenryaku 957–961 Tentoku 961–964 Ōwa 964–968 Kōhō 968–970 Anna 970–973 Tenroku 973–976 Ten'en 976–978 Jōgen 978–983 Tengen 983–985 Eikan 985–987 Kanna 987–988 Eien 988–990 Eiso 990–995 Shōryaku 995–999 Chōtoku 999–1004 Chōhō 1004–1012 Kankō 1012–1017 Chōwa 1017–1021 Kannin 1021–1024 Jian 1024–1028 Manju 1028–1037 Chōgen 1037–1040 Chōryaku 1040–1044 Chōkyū 1044–1046 Kantoku 1046–1053 Eishō 1053–1058 Tengi 1058–1065 Kōhei 1065–1069 Jiryaku 1069–1074 Enkyū 1074–1077 Jōhō 1077–1081 Jōryaku 1081–1084 Eihō 1084–1087 Ōtoku 1087–1094 Kanji 1094–1096 Kahō 1096–1097 Eichō 1097–1099 Jōtoku 1099–1104 Kōwa 1104–1106 Chōji 1106–1108 Kajō 1108–1110 Tennin 1110–1113 Ten'ei 1113–1118 Eikyū 1118–1120 Gen'ei 1120–1124 Hōan 1124–1126 Tenji 1126–1131 Daiji 1131–1132 Tenshō 1132–1135 Chōshō 1135–1141 Hōen 1141–1142 Eiji 1142–1144 Kōji 1144–1145 Ten'yō 1145–1151 Kyūan 1151–1154 Ninpei 1154–1156 Kyūju 1156–1159 Hōgen 1159–1160 Heiji 1160–1161 Eiryaku 1161–1163 Ōhō 1163–1165 Chōkan 1165–1166 Eiman 1166–1169 Nin'an 1169–1171 Kaō 1171–1175 Jōan 1175–1177 Angen 1177–1181 Jishō 1181–1182 Yōwa 1182–1184 Juei 1184–1185 Genryaku   Kamakura 1185–1190 Bunji 1190–1199 Kenkyū 1199–1201 Shōji 1201–1204 Kennin 1204–1206 Genkyū 1206–1207 Ken'ei 1207–1211 Jōgen 1211–1213 Kenryaku 1213–1219 Kempo 1219–1222 Jōkyū 1222–1224 Jōō 1224–1225 Gennin 1225–1227 Karoku 1227–1229 Antei 1229–1232 Kangi 1232–1233 Jōei 1233–1234 Tenpuku 1234–1235 Bunryaku 1235–1238 Katei 1238–1239 Ryakunin 1239–1240 En'ō 1240–1243 Ninji 1243–1247 Kangen 1247–1249 Hōji 1249–1256 Kenchō 1256–1257 Kōgen 1257–1259 Shōka 1259–1260 Shōgen 1260–1261 Bun'ō 1261–1264 Kōchō 1264– present Kamakura (cont'd) Nanboku-chō Nanboku-chō Muromachi (cont'd) Momoyama Edo (cont'd) Modern Japan 1264–1275 Bun'ei 1275–1278 Kenji 1278–1288 Kōan 1288–1293 Shōō 1293–1299 Einin 1299–1302 Shōan 1302–1303 Kengen 1303–1306 Kagen 1306–1308 Tokuji 1308–1311 Enkyō 1311–1312 Ōchō 1312–1317 Shōwa 1317–1319 Bunpō 1319–1321 Gen'ō 1321–1324 Genkō 1324–1326 Shōchū 1326–1329 Karyaku 1329–1331 Gentoku 1331–1334 Genkō 1332–1333 Shōkyō Northern Court 1334–1338 Kenmu 1338–1342 Ryakuō 1342–1345 Kōei 1345–1350 Jōwa 1350–1352 Kannō 1352–1356 Bunna 1356–1361 Enbun 1361–1362 Kōan 1362–1368 Jōji 1368–1375 Ōan 1375–1379 Eiwa 1379–1381 Kōryaku 1381–1384 Eitoku 1384–1387 Shitoku 1387–1389 Kakei 1389–1390 Kōō 1390–1394 Meitoku Southern Court 1334–1336 Kenmu 1336–1340 Engen 1340–1346 Kōkoku 1346–1370 Shōhei 1370–1372 Kentoku 1372–1375 Bunchū 1375–1381 Tenju 1381–1384 Kōwa 1384–1392 Genchū   Muromachi 1394–1428 Ōei 1428–1429 Shōchō 1429–1441 Eikyō 1441–1444 Kakitsu 1444–1449 Bun'an 1449–1452 Hōtoku 1452–1455 Kyōtoku 1455–1457 Kōshō 1457–1460 Chōroku 1460–1466 Kanshō 1466–1467 Bunshō 1467–1469 Ōnin 1469–1487 Bunmei 1487–1489 Chōkyō 1489–1492 Entoku 1492–1501 Meiō 1501–1521 Bunki 1504–1521 Eishō 1521–1528 Daiei 1528–1532 Kyōroku 1532–1555 Tenbun 1555–1558 Kōji 1558–1570 Eiroku 1570–1573 Genki 1573–1592 Tenshō 1592–1596 Bunroku 1596–1615 Keichō   Edo 1615–1624 Genna 1624–1644 Kan'ei 1644–1648 Shōhō 1648–1652 Keian 1652–1655 Jōō 1655–1658 Meireki 1658–1661 Manji 1661–1673 Kanbun 1673–1681 Enpō 1681–1684 Tenna 1684–1688 Jōkyō 1688–1704 Genroku 1704–1711 Hōei 1711–1716 Shōtoku 1716–1736 Kyōhō 1736–1741 Genbun 1741–1744 Kanpō 1744–1748 Enkyō 1748–1751 Kan'en 1751–1764 Hōreki 1764–1772 Meiwa 1772–1781 An'ei 1781–1789 Tenmei 1789–1801 Kansei 1801–1804 Kyōwa 1804–1818 Bunka 1818–1830 Bunsei 1830–1844 Tenpō 1844–1848 Kōka 1848–1854 Kaei 1854–1860 Ansei 1860–1861 Man'en 1861–1864 Bunkyū 1864–1865 Genji 1865–1868 Keiō 1868–1912 Meiji 1912–1926 Taishō 1926–1989 Shōwa 1989–2019 Heisei 2019–present Reiwa Not recognized by

578-645: The administrative center of Kyūshū). It is likely that Taira no Suemoto was the founder of the Chinzei Heishi , a branch line of the Taira clan in Kyushu. A notable member of the Chinzei Heishi was Ata Tadakage . The Shimazu Estate originally covered Shimazu, Morokata District of southern Hyūga Province (modern-day Miyakonojō , Miyazaki Prefecture ) but was soon expanded into the neighboring lands of

612-462: The following near. Tanegashima continued to battle against Nejime until 1572. Tanegashima Tokiuji , Tadatoki's father, established a channel of communication to Kinai (central Japan). In the 1460s the population of Tanegashima, Yakushima and Kuchierabu converted en masse to the Hokke sect of Nichiren Buddhism . This established a firm link to Honnō-ji of Kyoto and Honkōji of Settsu Province ,

646-567: The head of Sasshū, another branch family, gave Kiyotoki's son Hatatoki two of the Seven Islands , which are identified as Gaja and Taira Islands . The Tanegashima clan established firm control over Yakushima, which was known for forestry. In 1524 Tanegashima Tadatoki built two fortresses on Yakushima. In 1543, Tadatoki's son Shigetoki was attacked by Nejime Shigetake , a ruler of Ōsumi Province, and fled to Tanegashima. Shigetoki handed over Yakushima to Nejime but restored it by force

680-523: The imperial court and the Sōshū branch of the Shimazu clan, who later re-unified the Shimazu clan. Tanegashima Island functioned as a relay station of one of the main routes of Chinese trade that connected Sakai to Ningbo . The Tanegashima clan cooperated with the Hosokawa clan , one of two powers who controlled Chinese trade. Tanegashima also engaged in trade with Okinawa -centered kingdom of Ryūkyū , which

714-483: The island of Tanegashima ) and southern Hyūga became part of the estate, either as ichien no shō (estate under complete control) or yose gōri (where tax revenue was shared with the provincial government). The Shimazu Estate was inherited by the Fujiwara family, but came under the control of the Taira clan in the second half of the 12th century. Yorimichi's 6th generation descendant, Kampaku Fujiwara no Motozane ,

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748-563: The islands of Yaku and Kuchierabu by Shimazu Motohisa , the head of the Ōshū branch of the Shimazu clan, who rivaled the Sōshū branch family. In 1424, however, Tanegashima was forced to give Kuchierabu back to the Ōshū family although it regained the island three years later. In the 1420s, the Ōshū family gave the Upper Three Islands ( Kuroshima , Iōjima and Takeshima ) to the Tanegashima clan. Around 1430, however, they were recaptured by Shimazu. In 1436, Shimazu Mochihisa ,

782-475: The methods of producing firearms and gunpowder. Due to Tanegashima's role in the spread of firearms, firearms were colloquially known as " Tanegashima " in Japan. Although Tanegashima had long enjoyed semi-autonomy, the newly unified Shimazu clan gradually tightened control over the clan. In 1582, Tanegashima's trade with Ryūkyū was put under control of Shimazu. Shimazu also forbade Tanegashima from selling lumber to

816-689: The new one commenced in Jian 4, on the 13th day of the 7th month of 1024. Events of the Manju era [ edit ] 1024 ( Manju 1 ): Fujiwara no Kintō withdrew from his public duties; and he retired to Kitayama in the north of Kyoto . May 4, 1026 ( Manju 3, 15th day of the 4th month ): a partial lunar eclipse. 1027 (Manju 4): Fujiwara no Michinaga died at age 62. Notes [ edit ] ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). " Manjū " in Japan Encyclopedia , p. 607 , p. 607, at Google Books ; n.b., Louis-Frédéric

850-517: The ownership of the estate. By the time Tadahisa took the position of jitō , the Shimazu Estate occupied 70% of agricultural fields of Satsuma Province although over 70% of the lands were yose gōri and were not under the estate's full control. A small portion of the Shimazu Estate in Satsuma was controlled by the Chiba clan . In Satsuma, the provincial government was fused with the Shimazu Estate, as

884-408: The position of the shugo or governor of Satsuma , Ōsumi and Hyūga Provinces . Shimazu long suffered from internal struggles and faced resistance from local rulers. The Tanegashima clan enjoyed a high degree of autonomy until Shimazu unified southern Kyūshū in the late 16th century. Shimazu ceded control of various southern islands to Tanegashima. In 1409, Higo (Tanegashima) Kiyotoki was given

918-440: The province. Under the patronage of the powerful Fujiwara clan , Taira no Suemoto exercised effective administrative control over the lands. In 1029, Taira no Suemoto even raided the government office of the neighboring Ōsumi Province but a fragmentary sources suggest that he was not punished severely. The Shimazu Estate was expanded substantially in the first half of the 12th century. Large portions of Satsuma , Ōsumi (including

952-404: The rulers of Kyūshū except Shimazu. After subjugating Shimazu, Toyotomi Hideyoshi finalized Tanegashima's vassalage to Shimazu. In 1595, the Tanegashima clan was moved from its medieval homeland to Chiran , Satsuma Province. Although Tanegashima was given back to the Tanegashima clan in 1599, the islands of Yaku and Kuchierabu remained under Shimazu's direct rule. In 1598, Tanegashima Hisatoki

986-428: The sect's strongholds. Historical sources show that gifts dedicated to Honnō-ji by Tanegashima Tokiuji included Chinese and South Asian products such as silk fabric and pepper. In addition to Buddhist monks, craftsmen were moved from Kinai to Tanegashima. The heads of the Tanegashima clan personally visited Kinai and developed a network of contacts. Using this network, Tanegashima Shigetoki served as an intermediary between

1020-405: Was a Japanese era name ( 年号 , nengō , literally "year name") after Jian and before Chōgen . This period spanned the years from July 1024 through July 1028. The reigning emperor was Go-Ichijō -tennō ( 後一条天皇 ) . Change of era [ edit ] 1024 Manju gannen ( 万寿元年 ) : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and

1054-566: Was appointed as karō or top-ranking official. This family rank was maintained throughout the Edo period . When Hisatoki died in 1612 leaving his successor in the mother's womb, Shimazu intervened in Tanegashima's governance, making it a dutiful subject. The 24th head Hisamichi (久道) died in 1829 without male issue. His widow Shōjuin, who was a daughter of Shimazu Narinobu and a sister of Shimazu Narioki , administered Tanegashima for 15 years. In 1842 Tanegashima finally adopted Hisamichi (久珍) from

Shimazu Estate - Misplaced Pages Continue

1088-466: Was appointed as jitō of the Shimazu Estate. Although he was originally a retainer of the Konoe family, he moved in an inner circle of the shogunate for his kinship ties with the first shōgun Minamoto no Yoritomo and his powerful retainer Hiki Yoshikazu . He was also appointed as the military governor of Satsuma, Ōsumi and Hyūga Provinces. Thereafter he claimed the clan name of Shimazu , which indicated

1122-521: Was married to Taira no Moriko , a daughter of Taira no Kiyomori . After Motozane died in 1166, his widow Moriko managed the property of the Fujiwara clan. After Moriko's death in 1179, the estate was inherited by the Konoe branch family of the Fujiwara clan. With the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate , supporters of the Taira clan were replaced by the shōgun's retainers. In 1185, Koremune no Tadahisa

1156-424: Was ousted from his positions as a jitō of the estate and the military governor of the three provinces because his relative Hiki Yoshikazu was annihilated by the Hōjō clan . He managed to regain the posts of the jitō of the Shimazu Estate in Satsuma (1213) and the military governor of Satsuma Province (1205). However, the jitō of the estate in Ōsumi and the military governor of Ōsumi Province were succeeded by

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