Misplaced Pages

#179820

144-585: Gruber is a thief and criminal mastermind from East Germany who holds the Nakatomi Plaza hostage to steal $ 640 million in negotiable bearer bonds. His plan is foiled by New York cop John McClane , who happened upon Gruber's plot by mistake. Since his first appearance, Gruber has been cemented as one of the most iconic villains in film history – as well as often being ranked as the greatest action movie villain of all time and one of Rickman's most iconic roles. The villain became so popular with movie fans that

288-715: A legal fiction , and the Soviet sector of Berlin became fully integrated into the GDR. The deepening Cold War conflict between the Western Powers and the Soviet Union over the unresolved status of West Berlin led to the Berlin Blockade (24 June 1948 – 12 May 1949). The Soviet army initiated the blockade by halting all Allied rail, road, and water traffic to and from West Berlin. The Allies countered

432-471: A mafia operation. His romantic feelings for her developed further throughout season two and they shared their first kiss in the season finale, " Johnny and Dora ". Jake and Amy start dating in " New Captain " and decided to move in together in " Greg and Larry ", but don't make it official until season four's " The Fugitive ". Jake proposed to Amy at the end of their annual Halloween heist in HalloVeen and

576-403: A private investigator . By the series finale, she is not in a serious relationship nor does she have children, but she makes it clear she is happy where she is in life. Rosa appeared in every episode of the series but two: " Coral Palms: Part One " and " The Box ". The following are the medals and service awards fictionally worn by Diaz. While her commendations are not specifically covered in

720-524: A Boyle regardless. Despite this, he was declared as the "One True Boyle" after he was the only one to successfully open the grandmother sourdough starter jar at the family farm. In the show's first season, Charles was smitten with Rosa, but he eventually got over her when he started dating Vivian Ludley, whom he met at Holt's birthday party. They get engaged but break up after Charles refused to move to Canada with her. He and Gina start engaging in casual sex in season two, and their brief relationship results in

864-401: A Japanese student named Chiaki who broke his heart. In season two, Terry almost got a vasectomy at his wife's request, but Jake convinced him not to when he found out Terry secretly wanted to have more kids. His wife became pregnant later in the season and gave birth to their third daughter, Ava, in season three; Terry names Jake as Ava's godfather. While Terry was satisfied with his role as

1008-496: A better dancer than Britney Spears in the episode "Karen Peralta". As the only civilian in the precinct, Gina often uses her outsider's perspective to assist the other detectives. In "The Party", to prevent the mostly working class detectives from embarrassing themselves in front of a crowd of academics , Rosa tricks Gina into talking to a group of psychology professors at Holt's birthday party, who then took copious notes about her narcissistic personality. They concluded that she has

1152-427: A clueless and dimwitted disposition most of the time, she can be surprisingly observant and often demonstrates signs of being more intelligent than she likes to show. Gina is obsessed with social media and is constantly on her phone. It is a running gag to try to pry her from her phone to the point where Holt becomes involved. She is extremely narcissistic and constantly praises and exalts herself, such as claiming to be

1296-538: A complete overlap of ego and id , a condition previously thought to be purely theoretical. The episode also reveals Gina to be a kleptomaniac . She casually admits on myriad occasions that she doesn't value her colleagues – except for Jake – as people. She was also childhood friends with Jake, who got her the job at the precinct. Gina also ruined Jake's senior year of high school by framing him as "the Tattler", though she did it to protect Jake from getting involved with

1440-779: A critical legitimization tool in the last decades and mixed socialist and traditional elements about equally. At the Yalta Conference during World War II, the Allies , i.e., the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), and the Soviet Union (USSR), agreed on dividing a defeated Nazi Germany into occupation zones , and on dividing Berlin, the German capital, among the Allied powers as well. Initially, this meant

1584-575: A device that emits a loud noise to those under 35, whereas Jake and Boyle only pretended to be affected by it. Alongside her proficiency at ballet, at some point Rosa became an accomplished gymnast (which she considers her "deepest shame") and is also highly skilled at yoga and archery . In " White Whale ", she tells Amy that she attended both medical school and business school and has a pilot's license. In her spare time, she restores old cars to sell to famous people and has an online business selling homemade jewellery (for which she uses bolt cutters). She

SECTION 10

#1732776387180

1728-509: A few sections of the Berlin Wall were opened, resulting in thousands of East Germans crossing freely into West Berlin and West Germany for the first time in nearly 30 years. Krenz resigned a month later, and the SED opened negotiations with the leaders of the incipient Democratic movement, Neues Forum , to schedule free elections and begin the process of democratization. As part of this process,

1872-522: A future, reunited Germany. The GDR ceased to exist when its five states ("Länder") joined the Federal Republic of Germany under Article 23 of the Basic Law , and its capital East Berlin united with West Berlin on 3 October 1990. Several of the GDR's leaders, notably its last communist leader Egon Krenz , were later prosecuted for offenses committed during the GDR era. The official name

2016-490: A habit of saying things that are overtly sexualized or otherwise inappropriate and rarely realizes it, despite the rest of the squad's disgust. He has appeared in every episode of the series except the season four opener " Coral Palms: Part One ". The following are the medals and service awards fictionally worn by Boyle. Chelsea Peretti portrays Regina "Gina" Linetti , the 99th Precinct's sardonic and egomaniacal civilian administrator and Holt's assistant. Despite maintaining

2160-637: A labour protest, the action soon included the general populace, and on 17 June similar protests occurred throughout the GDR, with more than a million people striking in some 700 cities and towns. Fearing anti-communist counter-revolution , on 18 June 1953 the government of the GDR enlisted the Soviet Occupation Forces to aid the police in ending the riot; some fifty people were killed and 10,000 were jailed (see Uprising of 1953 in East Germany ). The German war reparations owed to

2304-501: A major case in "The Chopper", Bureau Chief Wuntch nominated him for a promotion to head of the NYPD Public Affairs Division, a promotion he was forced to accept to avoid Wuntch transferring his staff to undesirable precincts. During the number of weeks Holt was in charge of Public Affairs, he was unable to accomplish anything significant thanks to Chief Wuntch's constant micromanaging. After helping Peralta solve

2448-410: A one-sided rivalry with Sergeant (later Lieutenant) Peanut Butter until he needed his help in getting Jake to the precinct in the season seven finale. In "The Swedes", it is revealed that Boyle is a graduate of Sarah Lawrence College . In season eight, Charles discovered that he is actually not a Boyle by blood as his mother had an affair with a florist who rivaled his father, but Lynn still raised him as

2592-688: A one-year street patrol requirement. In the series finale, after Holt was appointed as the deputy commissioner of the police reform program, Terry succeeded him as the new captain of the 99th Precinct. Terry appeared in every episode of the series but two: " Coral Palms: Part One " and " The Box ". The following are the medals and service awards fictionally worn by Jeffords. Melissa Fumero portrays Amy Santiago , Jake's uptight, by-the-book, rule-following Cuban-American partner, and later wife. A self-acknowledged type A personality and neurotic overachiever, she continually tried to ingratiate herself with Holt, and any authority figure in arm's reach of her. In

2736-555: A picnic near the border at Sopron (near Hungary's border with Austria). The local Sopron organizers knew nothing of possible GDR refugees, but envisaged a local party with Austrian and Hungarian participation. But with the mass exodus at the Pan-European Picnic, the subsequent hesitant behavior of the Socialist Unity Party of East Germany and the non-intervention of the Soviet Union broke the dams. Thus

2880-562: A pregnant inmate in a women's prison in Texas . This was done to cover Melissa Fumero's actual pregnancy at the time without making her character pregnant. Amy's actual pregnancy in season seven occurred when Fumero was pregnant with her second child. After some uncertainty in taking the sergeant's exam as depicted in " Chasing Amy ", she passed the exam and began wearing her sergeant's uniform as well as commanding her own uniformed officers in " NutriBoom ". In season eight, thanks to her efforts for

3024-605: A primary goal of ridding East Germany of all traces of Nazism . It is estimated that between 180,000 and 250,000 people were sentenced to imprisonment on political grounds. In the Yalta and Potsdam conferences of 1945, the Allies established their joint military occupation and administration of Germany via the Allied Control Council (ACC), a four-power (US, UK, USSR, France) military government effective until

SECTION 20

#1732776387180

3168-416: A sergeant, he aimed to become a lieutenant during the first six seasons. As revealed in " The Honeypot ", he brought a new pair of suspenders that he planned to put on after he passed the lieutenant's exam but kept them in the box when he ended up failing and held onto them as a reminder of his higher goals. In " Moo Moo ", he attempted to apply to be a city council liaison to take on more responsibilities but

3312-530: A serial killer case, Holt found himself transferred back to command of the Nine-Nine by the Chief of Brooklyn Detectives thanks to Jake giving him credit for the case. He owned a burgundy Chevrolet Corvair named Gertie which was his prized possession until it was stolen in "The Fugitive". Doug Judy purchased him a new identical one and names it Sexarella. He also had a mysterious tattoo that was left unknown until

3456-461: A severe allergy to dogs. Amy appeared in every episode of the series but two: " Coral Palms: Part One " and " The Box ". The following are the medals and service awards fictionally worn by Santiago. Joe Lo Truglio portrays Charles Boyle , a nervous and clumsy but honest and hard-working detective. He is Jake's best friend, and almost completely idolizes him. He is divorced from his wife Eleanor, who had numerous affairs during their marriage, to

3600-682: A smart, tough, and enigmatic detective. Implied to have had a relatively stable and loving childhood, she attended parochial school before transferring to a prestigious ballet school; the pressure on her to succeed there drove her to commit several underage crimes (including home invasion and "beating up ballerinas" ), which resulted in her expulsion from ballet school and landing in juvenile detention . In response, her parents effectively cut her dead, leaving Rosa to rebuild her life alone; this convinced her that she should not expect support from her loved ones, leading her to become obsessed with self-sufficiency and privacy and to avoid emotional investment in

3744-700: A socialist political constitution establishing its control of the Anti-Fascist National Front of the German Democratic Republic (NF, Nationale Front der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik ), an omnibus alliance of every party and mass organisation in East Germany. The NF was established to stand for election to the Volkskammer ( People's Chamber ), the East German parliament. The first and only president of

3888-522: A stay-at-home dad, not wanting his son to grow up without a father as he did. Jake is the only character, along with Captain Holt, to appear in every episode of the series. The following are the medals and service awards fictionally worn by Peralta. While his commendations are not specifically covered in the series, in the episode "Stakeout", he received a commendation for his work on Rosa's drug task force. Stephanie Beatriz portrays Rosalita "Rosa" Diaz ,

4032-708: A transfer to the 99th when her captain sexually assaulted her shortly after her promotion to detective. She didn't tell anyone for years out of fear of what it would do to her career, until she revealed it to Jake when they were investigating a sexual assault case in "He Said, She Said". In the season one finale , Jake confessed that he wished something romantic could happen between them. She admitted to having feelings for Jake in " The Road Trip ", which instigated issues in her relationship with Teddy Wells. The two shared their first kiss in " Johnny and Dora " and begin dating in " New Captain ," although their working relationship did not change at all. They decided to move in together in

4176-450: A web show called "The G-Hive," in which she gives her viewers life advice. Her work has made her too busy to spend time with her former coworkers, but she is aiming to improve after Jake confronted her for not talking to them for months. In the series finale, Gina appears to have become wealthy from her new job to the point where she can afford an armored truck with "The G-Hive" logo on it. Andre Braugher portrays Raymond "Ray" Jacob Holt ,

4320-492: Is Holt's first command despite many years of outstanding service, and he attributes the delay to prejudice against both his race and homosexuality . He came out in 1987 and led a group that supported LGBTQ African-American NYPD members, which he himself created. He was a homicide detective in the 1980s, and spent twelve years in the Community Affairs Bureau immediately prior to promoting to Captain of

4464-492: Is a bilateral Treaty between two States, to which the rules of international law apply and which like any other international treaty possesses validity, it is between two States that are parts of a still existing, albeit incapable of action as not being reorganized, comprehensive State of the Whole of Germany with a single body politic. Travel between the GDR and Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary became visa-free from 1972. From

Hans Gruber - Misplaced Pages Continue

4608-430: Is also a dedicated motorcyclist, showing a marked expertise in the riding, care and knowledge of motorbikes. In Season 2, Rosa dates Captain Holt's nephew Marcus, but breaks up with him due to not being ready for marriage. She later finds love with former undercover detective Adrian Pimento; things move very swiftly, with the two getting engaged in " Paranoia " while chasing a drug dealer through an alley, but their wedding

4752-409: Is contradictory; it is established that she does not stay in any accommodation for long periods of time and her neighbors know her by not only a different name but a different personality. In the episode "Greg and Larry", Rosa even suggests that her real identity is hidden from the squad itself. As revealed in " Cop-Con ", she and Amy are younger than most of the other precinct members as they are hurt by

4896-412: Is delayed when Pimento goes off-grid to escape the wrath of mob boss Jimmy Figgis. Once he returns, they agree to marry within twenty-four hours, but decide to slow down after realizing they are rushing their renewed relationship. At the end of Season 4, Rosa and Jake are framed by their idol Lt. Melanie Hawkins and declared guilty of armed robbery and grand larceny. After several months in prison prior to

5040-624: Is often considered one of the greatest. Gruber was listed by Empire magazine as the 17th Greatest Movie Character of All Time out of 100, while John McClane placed 12th on the same list. Gruber also ranked No. 4 on Empire's list of the Greatest Movie Villains of All Time, only being beaten by Darth Vader , The Joker and Loki . Gruber was also selected by the American Film Institute as #46 villain on AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains . Gruber

5184-423: Is often motivated by his emotions. Despite his goofiness, Peralta is smart, perceptive, and quick thinking, and as such has the best arrest rate in the precinct. In the pilot, Terry Jeffords explains to Captain Holt that Peralta is his best detective. Jake's father, Roger Peralta, an airline pilot , abandoned the family during Jake's childhood. Jake initially refuses to celebrate Thanksgiving , since he associates

5328-601: Is the namesake for Texas-based punk rock band "Hans Gruber and the Die Hards", and was among the basis for the character Artemis Fowl II , the main antagonist of the book series of the same name , described by its author Eoin Colfer as " Die Hard with fairies". East Germany in Europe  (dark grey) East Germany ( German : Ostdeutschland , [ˈɔstˌdɔʏtʃlant] ), officially known as

5472-579: The Republikflucht ("desertion from the republic") to West Germany, further weakening the GDR's economy. Western economic opportunities induced a brain drain . In response, the GDR closed the inner German border , and on the night of 12 August 1961, East German soldiers began erecting the Berlin Wall . In 1971, Ulbricht was removed from leadership after Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev supported his ouster; Erich Honecker replaced him. While

5616-507: The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles . In " The Bet ", it is revealed that Jake is Jewish . Jake's best friend is co-worker Charles Boyle, who encourages his eventual romance with Amy Santiago. Jake and Gina are childhood friends, while he and Rosa Diaz were classmates at the police academy. While Jake initially struggles with Captain Holt's strict management style, he matures under Holt's supervision and comes to see

5760-737: The East Bloc states. This policy saw the Treaty of Moscow (August 1970), the Treaty of Warsaw (December 1970), the Four Power Agreement on Berlin (September 1971), the Transit Agreement (May 1972), and the Basic Treaty (December 1972), which relinquished any separate claims to an exclusive mandate over Germany as a whole and established normal relations between the two Germanies. Both countries were admitted into

5904-569: The German Democratic Republic ( GDR ; Deutsche Demokratische Republik , [ˈdɔʏtʃə demoˈkʁaːtɪʃə ʁepuˈbliːk] , DDR ), was a country in Central Europe from its formation on 7 October 1949 until its reunification with West Germany on 3 October 1990. Until 1989, it was generally viewed as a communist state and described itself as a socialist "workers' and peasants' state". The economy of

Hans Gruber - Misplaced Pages Continue

6048-591: The Hallstein Doctrine (1955), West Germany did not establish (formal) diplomatic ties with any country – except the Soviets ;– that recognized East German sovereignty. In the early 1970s, the Ostpolitik ("Eastern Policy") of "Change Through Rapprochement" of the pragmatic government of FRG Chancellor Willy Brandt , established normal diplomatic relations with

6192-499: The SED general secretary Walter Ulbricht assumed most executive authority. Socialist leader Otto Grotewohl (1894–1964) became prime minister until his death. The government of East Germany denounced West German failures in accomplishing denazification and renounced ties to the Nazi past, imprisoning many former Nazis and preventing them from holding government positions. The SED set

6336-654: The Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in the Soviet-controlled zone. However, the SED quickly transformed into a full-fledged Communist party as the more independent-minded Social Democrats were pushed out. The Potsdam Agreement committed the Soviets to support a democratic form of government in Germany, though the Soviets' understanding of democracy was radically different from that of

6480-721: The Soviet-occupied zone , bounded on the east by the Oder-Neiße line . The GDR was dominated by the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), a communist party , before being democratized and liberalized in 1989 as a result of the pressure against communist governments brought by the Revolutions of 1989 . This paved the way for East Germany's reunification with the West. Unlike the government of West Germany,

6624-755: The United Nations and the Helsinki Final Act . This assessment of the Basic Treaty was confirmed in a decision of the Federal Constitutional Court in 1973; the German Democratic Republic is in the international-law sense a State and as such a subject of international law. This finding is independent of recognition in international law of the German Democratic Republic by the Federal Republic of Germany. Such recognition has not only never been formally pronounced by

6768-426: The de facto and de jure government, but also the sole de jure legitimate representative of a dormant "Germany as whole". The two Germanies each relinquished any claim to represent the other internationally; which they acknowledged as necessarily implying a mutual recognition of each other as both capable of representing their own populations de jure in participating in international bodies and agreements, such as

6912-549: The detective squad of the fictional 99th Precinct of the New York Police Department , located in Brooklyn . Andy Samberg portrays Jacob "Jake" Jeffrey Peralta , the series protagonist. At the beginning of the series, Peralta is portrayed as an exceptional detective but very immature, engaging in pranks and making childish jokes at the expense of his colleagues. He is fun-loving and sarcastic and

7056-658: The elections of October 1946 . The SED government nationalised infrastructure and industrial plants. In March 1948 the German Economic Commission ( Deutsche Wirtschaftskomission –DWK) under its chairman Heinrich Rau assumed administrative authority in the Soviet occupation zone, thus becoming the predecessor of an East German government. On 7 October 1949 the SED established the Deutsche Demokratische Republik (German Democratic Republic – GDR), based on

7200-673: The equestrian statue of Frederick the Great was removed from East Berlin. Instead, the SED focused on the progressive heritage of German history, including Thomas Müntzer 's role in the German Peasants' War of 1524–1525 and the role played by the heroes of the class struggle during Prussia's industrialization. Other notable figures and reformers from Prussian history such as Karl Freiherr vom Stein (1757–1831), Karl August von Hardenberg (1750–1822), Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), and Gerhard von Scharnhorst (1755–1813) were upheld by

7344-548: The fall of the Berlin Wall and the establishment of a government committed to liberalization. The following year, a free and fair election was held in the country, and international negotiations between the four former Allied countries and the two German states commenced. The negotiations led to the signing of the Final Settlement treaty , which replaced the Potsdam Agreement on the status and borders of

SECTION 50

#1732776387180

7488-460: The shock-therapy style of privatization , the artificially high rate of exchange offered for the Ostmark , and the speed with which the entire process was implemented did not leave room for East German enterprises to adapt. There were four periods in East German political history. These included: 1949–1961, which saw the building of socialism; 1961–1970 after the Berlin Wall closed off escape

7632-505: The 'state anti-fascism' of the GDR gave way to the 'state anti-communism' of the FRG. From then on, the dominant interpretation of GDR history, based on the concept of totalitarianism, led to the equivalence of communism and Nazism. Historian Anne-Kathleen Tillack-Graf shows, with the help of the newspaper Neues Deutschland , how the national memorials of Buchenwald , Sachsenhausen and Ravensbrück were politically instrumentalised in

7776-635: The 1990s, the majority of West German historians described the Normandy landings in June 1944 as an "invasion", exonerated the Wehrmacht of its responsibility for the genocide of the Jews and fabricated the myth of a diplomatic corps that "did not know". On the contrary, Auschwitz was never a taboo in the GDR. The Nazis' crimes were the subject of extensive film, theatre and literary productions. In 1991, 16% of

7920-461: The 99th Precinct's strict commanding officer. Holt is known for his cold, calm, robotic manner of speaking, overly formal demeanor, and lack of outwardly visible emotion, although his non-work friends frequently refer to him having a much more fun persona that is rarely seen by his colleagues. He has sophisticated and cultured interests, enjoying classical music , opera , and attending dinner parties with his husband's academic friends. The 99th Precinct

8064-526: The ABC show American Housewife , a family pet pig was named Hans Gruber. Gruber's death was also briefly parodied in The Lego Batman Movie in a scene where Alfred Pennyworth seemingly falls to his death. Gruber is also the subject of a parody video done by Funny Or Die in which Gruber negotiates via walkie talkie with Tropic Thunder character Les Grossman, played by Tom Cruise . Gruber

8208-479: The Communist Party of the Soviet Union , Joseph Stalin , issued a proposal to reunify Germany with a policy of neutrality, with no conditions on economic policies and with guarantees for "the rights of man and basic freedoms, including freedom of speech, press, religious persuasion, political conviction, and assembly" and free activity of democratic parties and organizations. The West demurred; reunification

8352-416: The East German state was defined by two dominant forces – Soviet communism on the one hand, and German traditions filtered through the interwar experiences of German communists on the other. Throughout its existence GDR consistently grappled with the influence of the more prosperous West, against which East Germans continually measured their own nation. The notable transformations instituted by

8496-503: The East of Berlin). Over time, however, the abbreviation "DDR" was also increasingly used colloquially by West Germans and West German media. When used by West Germans, Westdeutschland ( West Germany ) was a term almost always in reference to the geographic region of Western Germany and not to the area within the boundaries of the Federal Republic of Germany. However, this use was not always consistent and West Berliners frequently used

8640-704: The FRG. While in West Germany, a work of memory on the resurgence of Nazism was carried out, this was not the case in the East. Indeed, as Axel Dossmann, professor of history at the University of Jena , notes, "this phenomenon was completely hidden. For the state-SED (the East German communist party), it was impossible to admit the existence of neo-Nazis, since the foundation of the GDR was to be an anti-fascist state. The Stasi kept an eye on them, but they were considered to be outsiders or thick-skinned bullies. These young people grew up hearing double talk. At school, it

8784-468: The Federal Republic of Germany but on the contrary repeatedly explicitly rejected. If the conduct of the Federal Republic of Germany towards the German Democratic Republic is assessed in the light of its détente policy, in particular, the conclusion of the Treaty as de facto recognition, then it can only be understood as de facto recognition of a special kind. The special feature of this Treaty is that while it

SECTION 60

#1732776387180

8928-481: The Federal Republic of Germany, while East and West Berlin united as a third city-state (in the same manner as Bremen and Hamburg ). On 1 July, a currency union preceded the political union: the "Ostmark" was abolished, and the Western German "Deutsche Mark" became the common currency. Although the Volkskammer 's declaration of accession to the Federal Republic had initiated the process of reunification,

9072-478: The GDR, particularly during the celebrations of the liberation of the concentration camps. Although officially built in opposition to the 'fascist world' in West Germany, in 1954, 32% of public administration employees were former members of the Nazi Party . However, in 1961, the share of former NSDAP members among the senior Interior Ministry administration staff was less than 10% in the GDR, compared to 67% in

9216-486: The GDR. SPDA Vice President Wolfgang Thierse , for his part, complained in Die Welt about the rise of the extreme right in the everyday life of the inhabitants of the former GDR, in particular the terrorist group NSU, with the German journalist Odile Benyahia-Kouider explaining that "it is no coincidence that the neo-Nazi party NPD has experienced a renaissance via the East". The historian Sonia Combe observes that until

9360-528: The German Democratic Republic was Wilhelm Pieck . However, after 1950, political power in East Germany was held by the First Secretary of the SED, Walter Ulbricht . On 16 June 1953, workers constructing the new Stalinallee boulevard in East Berlin according to the GDR's officially promulgated Sixteen Principles of Urban Design , rioted against a 10% production-quota increase. Initially

9504-442: The German labour movement and the victims of the camps, it was "staged, censored, ordered" and, during the 40 years of the regime, was an instrument of legitimisation, repression and maintenance of power. In May 1989, following widespread public anger over the faking of results of local government elections, many GDR citizens applied for exit visas or left the country contrary to GDR laws. The impetus for this exodus of East Germans

9648-486: The Nazis consolidated all power and criminalized them, and official East German and Soviet histories portrayed this merger as a voluntary pooling of efforts by the socialist parties and symbolic of the new friendship of German socialists after defeating their common enemy; however, there is much evidence that the merger was more troubled than commonly portrayed, and that the Soviet occupation authorities applied great pressure on

9792-571: The Nine-Nine. Holt is married to Kevin Cozner, the Chair of Columbia University 's Classics department. He and Kevin own a corgi named Cheddar, a well-trained dog to whom they are both significantly attached. Holt had a longstanding professional rivalry with Madeline Wuntch, with whom he came up through the ranks. The two were once friends, but their friendship soured; while his career stalled, she kept advancing. After he and Peralta successfully solve

9936-465: The SED as examples and role models. The communist regime of the GDR based its legitimacy on the struggle of anti-fascist militants. A form of resistance "cult" was established in the Buchenwald camp memorial site, with the creation of a museum in 1958, and the annual celebration of the Buchenwald oath taken on 19 April 1945 by the prisoners who pledged to fight for peace and freedom. In the 1990s,

10080-533: The SED did not see its state as the successor to the German Reich (1871–1945) and abolished the goal of unification in the constitution ( 1974 ). The SED-ruled GDR was often described as a Soviet satellite state ; historians described it as an authoritarian regime. Geographically the GDR bordered the Baltic Sea to the north, Poland to the east, Czechoslovakia to the southeast, and West Germany to

10224-477: The SED eliminated the clause in the East German constitution guaranteeing the Communists leadership of the state. The change was approved in the Volkskammer on 1 December 1989 by a vote of 420 to 0. East Germany held its last election in March 1990 . The winner was Alliance for Germany , a coalition headed by the East German branch of West Germany's Christian Democratic Union , which advocated speedy reunification. Negotiations ( 2+4 Talks) were held involving

10368-509: The SPD's eastern branch to merge with the KPD, and the communists, who held a majority, had virtually total control over policy. The SED remained the ruling party for the entire duration of the East German state. It had close ties with the Soviets, which maintained military forces in East Germany until the dissolution of the Soviet regime in 1991 ( Russia continued to maintain forces in the territory of

10512-452: The Soviets administered their zone without regard to the policies implemented in the other zones. The Soviets withdrew from the ACC in 1948; subsequently, as the other three zones were increasingly unified and granted self-government, the Soviet administration instituted a separate socialist government in its zone. Seven years after the Allies' 1945 Potsdam Agreement on common German policies,

10656-520: The Soviets impoverished the Soviet Zone of Occupation and severely weakened the East German economy. In the 1945–46 period the Soviets confiscated and transported to the USSR approximately 33% of the industrial plant and by the early 1950s had extracted some US$ 10 billion in reparations in agricultural and industrial products. The poverty of East Germany, induced or deepened by reparations, provoked

10800-619: The Soviets with the Berlin Airlift (1948–49) of food, fuel, and supplies to West Berlin. On 21 April 1946 the Communist Party of Germany ( Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands  – KPD) and the part of the Social Democratic Party of Germany ( Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands  – SPD) in the Soviet zone merged to form the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED – Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands ), which then won

10944-632: The USSR via the Stalin Note (10 March 1952) proposed German reunification and superpower disengagement from Central Europe, which the three Western Allies (the United States, France, the United Kingdom) rejected. Soviet leader Joseph Stalin , a Communist proponent of reunification, died in early March 1953. Similarly, Lavrenty Beria , the First Deputy Prime Minister of the USSR, pursued German reunification, but he

11088-575: The Ulbricht government had experimented with liberal reforms, the Honecker government reversed them. The new government introduced a new East German Constitution which defined the German Democratic Republic as a "republic of workers and peasants". Initially, East Germany claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany, a claim supported by most of the Communist bloc. It claimed that West Germany

11232-686: The United Nations on 18 September 1973. This also increased the number of countries recognizing East Germany to 55, including the US, UK and France, though these three still refused to recognize East Berlin as the capital, and insisted on a specific provision in the UN resolution accepting the two Germanies into the UN to that effect. Following the Ostpolitik, the West German view was that East Germany

11376-581: The West more accessible than ever before, 30,000 East Germans made the crossing via Czechoslovakia in the first two days alone. To try to stem the outward flow of the population, the SED proposed a law loosening travel restrictions. When the Volkskammer rejected it on 5 November, the Cabinet and Politburo of the GDR resigned. This left only one avenue open for Krenz and the SED: completely abolishing travel restrictions between East and West. On 9 November 1989,

11520-564: The West. As in other Soviet-bloc countries, non-communist political parties were allowed. Nevertheless, every political party in the GDR was forced to join the National Front of Democratic Germany , a broad coalition of parties and mass political organisations, including: Jake Peralta Brooklyn Nine-Nine is an American sitcom which premiered in September 2013 on Fox , and later moved to NBC . The show revolves around

11664-509: The act of reunification itself (with its many specific terms, conditions and qualifications, some of which involved amendments to the West German Basic Law) was achieved constitutionally by the subsequent Unification Treaty of 31 August 1990 – that is, through a binding agreement between the former Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic, now recognising each other as separate sovereign states in international law. The treaty

11808-766: The barrier of the Eastern Bloc was broken. Tens of thousands of East Germans, alerted by the media, made their way to Hungary, which was no longer ready to keep its borders completely closed or force its border troops to open fire on escapees. The GDR leadership in East Berlin did not dare to completely lock down their own country's borders. The next major turning point in the exodus came on 10 September 1989, when Hungarian Foreign Minister Gyula Horn announced that his country would no longer restrict movement from Hungary into Austria. Within two days, 22,000 East Germans crossed into Austria; tens of thousands more did so in

11952-597: The beginning, the newly formed GDR tried to establish its own separate identity. Because of the imperial and military legacy of Prussia , the SED repudiated continuity between Prussia and the GDR. The SED destroyed a number of symbolic relics of the former Prussian aristocracy ; Junker manor-houses were torn down, the Berliner Stadtschloß was razed and the Palace of the Republic was built in its place, and

12096-699: The border on the Iron Curtain . In particular, it tested whether Moscow would give the Soviet troops stationed in Hungary the command to intervene. Extensive advertising for the planned picnic was made by the Paneuropean Union through posters and flyers among the GDR holidaymakers in Hungary. The Austrian branch of the Paneuropean Union , which was then headed by Karl von Habsburg , distributed thousands of brochures inviting GDR citizens to

12240-417: The building of the Berlin Wall in 1961. The idea of opening the border at a ceremony came from Otto von Habsburg , who proposed it to Miklós Németh , then Hungarian Prime Minister, who promoted the idea. The patrons of the picnic, Habsburg and Hungarian Minister of State Imre Pozsgay , who did not attend the event, saw the planned event as an opportunity to test Mikhail Gorbachev 's reaction to an opening of

12384-564: The capital. However, the Western Allies disputed this recognition, considering the entire city of Berlin to be occupied territory governed by the Allied Control Council . According to Margarete Feinstein, East Berlin's status as the capital was largely unrecognized by the West and by most Third World countries. In practice, the ACC's authority was rendered moot by the Cold War , East Berlin's status as occupied territory largely became

12528-762: The captain as a father figure. In " The Oolong Slayer ", Jake achieves his lifelong dream to catch a serial killer , but gives credit for the arrest to the Chief of Brooklyn Detectives in exchange for Holt's transfer back to the 99th Precinct. In season five, Holt puts his career at risk by negotiating with mobster Seamus Murphy in order to free Jake and Rosa from prison. The two also work closely together to bring down Jimmy Figgis after being forced to go into witness protection in Florida . Peralta continuously pranks and teases his partner Amy Santiago, masking his secret romantic feelings for her. Peralta confessed his feelings to her in " Charges and Specs " before going undercover for

12672-529: The character of Jake Peralta cites Die Hard as his favorite film of all time. Episodes depict the cast going to Fox Plaza (which acted as the stand-in for Nakatomi Plaza in the film and where the majority of the film was shot) and re-enacting iconic scenes from the film, including Gruber's death, as well as a Christmas themed episode where Peralta is thrown into a "Die Hard-esque" scenario involving terrorists and hostages. Other shows such as The Office and Friends have also featured references to Gruber. In

12816-549: The communist regime were particularly evident in the abolition of capitalism, the overhaul of industrial and agricultural sectors, the militarization of society, and the political orientation of both the educational system and the media. On the other hand, the new regime made relatively few changes in the historically independent domains of the sciences, the engineering professions, the Protestant churches, and in many bourgeois lifestyles. Social policy, says Ritter, became

12960-598: The country was centrally planned and state-owned . Although the GDR had to pay substantial war reparations to the Soviets, its economy became the most successful in the Eastern Bloc . Before its establishment, the country's territory was administered and occupied by Soviet forces following the Berlin Declaration abolishing German sovereignty in World War II . The Potsdam Agreement established

13104-537: The course of the series, including an unseen woman that the squad nicknamed "Becky"; a friend of Gina's; a cab driver named Alicia; a woman Charles nicknames "Couscous"; and a cosmetologist named Jocelyn Pryce. In the episode " Valloweaster ," she becomes the first three-time Halloween Heist Champion. In season eight, Rosa leaves the NYPD after losing faith in the system following the George Floyd protests , becoming

13248-505: The criminal down with the Nine-Nine, an act the squad was punished for by being put on the night shift. In season five, his life and career were put at risk when he made a deal with mobster Seamus Murphy in exchange for information to clear Jake and Rosa's names from Lt. Hawkins, but the Nine-Nine and Kevin helped him capture Murphy. Later in season five, Holt learned that the New York City Police Commissioner

13392-436: The danger of police work because of the possibility that he could leave his children fatherless. Following a panic attack prior to the show's beginning, Terry was removed from fieldwork, but returned after saving Holt's life. He is high-strung, prone to nervous excitement, loves yogurt , and has a tendency to refer to himself in the third person . He is an effective and caring leader to the detective squad, often having to play

13536-453: The early 1970s, West Germany maintained that East Germany was an illegally constituted state. It argued that the GDR was a Soviet puppet-state, and frequently referred to it as the "Soviet occupation zone". West Germany's allies shared this position until 1973. East Germany was recognized primarily by socialist countries and by the Arab bloc , along with some "scattered sympathizers". According to

13680-406: The end of the episode, she received Charles' first unchecked, quality text for her, but while congratulating him, she ironically does indeed get hit by a bus and spends the next few episodes recovering from the incident. The penultimate episode of season four revealed she became pregnant following a relationship with Charles' cousin, Milton (which coincided with Chelsea Peretti's actual pregnancy). She

13824-409: The following weeks. Many other GDR citizens demonstrated against the ruling party , especially in the city of Leipzig . The Leipzig demonstrations became a weekly occurrence, with a turnout of 10,000 people at the first demonstration on 2 October, peaking at an estimated 300,000 by the end of the month. The protests were surpassed in East Berlin, where half a million demonstrators turned out against

13968-447: The formation of three zones of occupation, i.e., American, British, and Soviet. Later, a French zone was carved out of the US and British zones. The ruling communist party, known as the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), formed on 21 April 1946 from the merger between the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). The two former parties were notorious rivals when they were active before

14112-597: The former East Germany until 1994), with the purpose of countering NATO bases in West Germany. As West Germany was reorganized and gained independence from its occupiers (1945–1949), the GDR was established in East Germany in October 1949. The emergence of the two sovereign states solidified the 1945 division of Germany. On 10 March 1952, (in what would become known as the " Stalin Note ") the General Secretary of

14256-420: The full integration of the German Democratic Republic into the Federal Republic of Germany. Because of the resulting deindustrialization in the former East Germany, the causes of the failure of this integration continue to be debated. Some western commentators claim that the depressed eastern economy is a natural aftereffect of a demonstrably inefficient command economy . But many East German critics contend that

14400-478: The holiday with his father's absence. After Jake calls his father out for his irresponsible parenting in " Captain Peralta ", the two slowly began to mend their relationship. In the season 5 episode " Two Turkeys ", Jake finds out he has three half-sisters, along with an unknown number of half-brothers. He meets one of his half-sisters, Kate, in the episode " DFW ". He mentions being half Jewish and half Italian in

14544-409: The lives of others. Though Rosa is a loyal and effective member of the squad, her anger management issues and lack of compassion for others terrify most of her coworkers. If Rosa is angry enough, they will not even walk past her to go to the bathroom, something Terry and Holt briefly attempt to use to increase precinct efficiency. She is highly secretive about her personal life and information about her

14688-429: The marriage of his father and Gina's mother. In season three, he started dating Genevieve Mirren-Carter after he and Jake clear her name from an art theft. They eventually move in together and adopt a son from Latvia named Nikolaj. In season five, Charles started his own food truck business called "The One Thing", which specialized in meatball subs. The truck was burned down by one of Charles' former employees, but he

14832-564: The mature adult in order to keep them in line. A running gag throughout the series is for Terry to break things because of his incredible strength. He has been a detective since 1995 and used to be assigned to the 65th Precinct, where he was constantly mocked for a botched case which he and Jake later proved he was correct in. He was a linebacker at Syracuse University , where he graduated magna cum laude , as revealed in " The Swedes ". He also studied abroad in Japan while in college and dated

14976-461: The official name and its abbreviation, instead using terms like Ostzone (Eastern Zone), Sowjetische Besatzungszone (Soviet Occupation Zone; often abbreviated to SBZ ) and sogenannte DDR or "so-called GDR". The centre of political power in East Berlin was – in the West – referred to as Pankow (the seat of command of the Soviet forces in Germany was in Karlshorst , a district in

15120-427: The pilot, Terry cites Amy's competitiveness to Holt as a result of her having seven brothers. Amy is a stickler for department protocol and is frequently exasperated by Jake's childishness, as well as the ease with which he succeeds as a detective. She was initially seen as Holt's teacher's pet , but over time is shown to command respect from others. Amy was originally a patrol officer at the 64th precinct but requested

15264-526: The point where she has to pay alimony to him. He is also a huge, unapologetic foodie , maintaining a weekly Brooklyn pizza-ranking email and often relishing bizarre foreign cuisine that disgusts his coworkers. For saving Diaz's life during "Christmas", during which he was shot in the buttocks, he was awarded the NYPD Medal for Valor in "The Bet", though he was overshadowed by a revered and heroic NYPD horse named Sergeant Peanut Butter. He continued to have

15408-732: The police reform program, Amy was promoted to become chief of the program. The additional responsibilities that came with her job ultimately led Jake to quit so they would not have to worry about Mac's parenting schedule. In season six's "Casecation", she was revealed to be 36 years old. In "The Golden Child", it is revealed that Amy has a relatively strained relationship with her brother and fellow NYPD lieutenant David Santiago, and Jake later chided her mother for glorifying David's accomplishments over Amy's. Amy enjoys solving crosswords and attending trivia sessions, generally at Jake's expense, who often embarrasses himself when attempting to participate or becomes awkwardly excluded in conversation. She also has

15552-763: The popularity of Gruber, actor Alan Rickman ended up being cast as the Sheriff of Nottingham in Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves in 1991, and was subsequently said to be typecast as villainous characters (despite playing other kinds of characters more frequently) until he portrayed the anti-hero Severus Snape in the Harry Potter film series . Due to the film and the character's iconic status, Gruber has been referenced multiple times in popular culture. The police-comedy show Brooklyn Nine-Nine makes references to Gruber (and Die Hard itself) quite often, as

15696-409: The population in West Germany and 6% in East Germany had antisemitic prejudices. In 1994, 40% of West Germans and 22% of East Germans felt that too much emphasis was placed on the genocide of the Jews. Historian Ulrich Pfeil , nevertheless, recalls the fact that anti-fascist commemoration in the GDR had "a hagiographic and indoctrination character". As in the case of the memory of the protagonists of

15840-460: The precinct and her parents, the latter of whom reacts poorly, fracturing their bond once again. However, her father subsequently affirms that he accepts her, but reveals that her mother is not at this stage yet. After several months of waiting for her to initiate a meeting, Rosa eventually reaches out herself; her mother is clearly grateful and they go on to repair their relationship. After coming out, Rosa has several relationships with other women over

15984-438: The producers introduced his brother, Simon (played by Jeremy Irons ), as the primary antagonist of the third film in the franchise – Die Hard with a Vengeance . Hans Gruber ranked 46th on AFI's list "100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains" . Hans Gruber was the first major film role given to Alan Rickman . Rickman was cast after producer Joel Silver saw him during a Broadway run of Les Liaisons Dangereuses . A blue screen

16128-476: The production crew discovered that Rickman could pull off a convincing American accent. According to actor Hans Buhringer, who portrayed the criminal Fritz in the film, Rickman researched meticulously to perfect his German accent and was even able to achieve the German-English dialect throughout the film. Screenwriter Steven E. de Souza wrote the screenplay for Die Hard with the mindset of Gruber being

16272-408: The protagonist of the story. De Souza stated, "If he had not planned the robbery and put it together, Bruce Willis would have just gone to the party and reconciled or not with his wife. You should sometimes think about looking at your movie through the point of view of the villain who is really driving the narrative." Gruber has gone on to become one of the most iconic villains in cinematic history and

16416-538: The regime on 4 November. Kurt Masur , conductor of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra , led local negotiations with the government and held town meetings in the concert hall. The demonstrations eventually led Erich Honecker to resign in October; he was replaced by a slightly more moderate communist, Egon Krenz . The massive demonstration in East Berlin on 4 November coincided with Czechoslovakia formally opening its border to West Germany. With

16560-478: The restoration of German sovereignty. In eastern Germany, the Soviet Occupation Zone (SBZ – Sowjetische Besatzungszone ) comprised the five states ( Länder ) of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Brandenburg , Saxony , Saxony-Anhalt , and Thuringia . Disagreements over the policies to be followed in the occupied zones quickly led to a breakdown in cooperation between the four powers, and

16704-522: The risky crossing into Austria but remained instead in Hungary or claimed asylum in West German embassies in Prague or Budapest . The opening of a border gate between Austria and Hungary at the Pan-European Picnic on 19 August 1989 then set in motion a chain reaction leading to the end of the GDR and disintegration of the Eastern Bloc. It was the largest mass escape from East Germany since

16848-416: The season three finale " Greg and Larry ", but do not do so until season four's " The Fugitive ". Jake proposed to Amy at the end of their annual Halloween heist in " HalloVeen " and the two eventually married in " Jake & Amy ". In season seven, Amy became pregnant with Jake's child and gave birth to their son, McClane 'Mac' Peralta in the season finale. Near the end of season three, Amy went undercover as

16992-519: The series finale, where it is revealed to be Kevin's head on the body of Cheddar. At the end of season three, Jake and Holt were forced to go into witness protection in Florida when they were threatened by crime boss Jimmy "The Butcher" Figgis. He worked at a family entertainment center called the Fun Zone under the alias 'Greg Stickney' until he and Jake baited Figgis into coming to Florida and taking

17136-483: The series, in the episode "Stakeout", she received a commendation for her work as the leader of a drug Task Force. Terry Crews portrays Terrence "Terry" Vincent Jeffords , the supervisor of the 99th Precinct's detective squad. An avid bodybuilder , Terry's intimidating size and appearance are contrasted by his gentle-giant persona, being very caring and parental in nature. Jeffords is devoted to his wife and three young daughters, twins Cagney and Lacey, and Ava. He fears

17280-406: The show. Jake began his career as a patrol officer with the 74th Precinct and was partnered with Stevie Schillens; the two nicknamed themselves the "Beatsie Boys". He was promoted to detective with the 99th Precinct in 2005. He has a strong emotional tie to his muscle car, a 1967 Ford Mustang , which he buys outright on his first day as a cop. He often quotes and makes references to Die Hard and

17424-647: The southwest and west. Internally, the GDR also bordered the Soviet sector of Allied-occupied Berlin , known as East Berlin , which was also administered as the country's de facto capital. It also bordered the three sectors occupied by the United States , United Kingdom , and France known collectively as West Berlin ( de facto part of the FRG). Emigration to the West was a significant problem as many emigrants were well-educated young people; such emigration weakened

17568-419: The start of Season 5, the two are freed thanks to the precinct exposing Hawkins's crimes. Her experience prompts her to reconnect with her family, becoming close with them again, and to end things with Pimento. While on the road trip home from their former captain's funeral, Charles overhears a woman calling her "babe" over the phone, leading Rosa to admit she is bisexual ; she subsequently comes out officially to

17712-410: The state economically. In response, the GDR government fortified its inner German border and later built the Berlin Wall in 1961. Many people attempting to flee were killed by border guards or booby traps such as landmines . In 1989 numerous social, economic, and political forces in the GDR and abroad, one of the most notable being peaceful protests starting in the city of Leipzig , led to

17856-509: The term Westdeutschland to denote the Federal Republic. Before World War II, Ostdeutschland (eastern Germany) was used to describe all the territories east of the Elbe ( East Elbia ), as reflected in the works of sociologist Max Weber and political theorist Carl Schmitt . Explaining the internal impact of the GDR government from the perspective of German history in the long term, historian Gerhard A. Ritter (2002) has argued that

18000-481: The two German states and the former Allies , which led to agreement on the conditions for German unification. By a two-thirds vote in the Volkskammer on 23 August 1990, the German Democratic Republic declared its accession to the Federal Republic of Germany. The five original East German states that had been abolished in the 1952 redistricting were restored. On 3 October 1990, the five states officially joined

18144-411: The two are later married by Captain Holt in the season five finale . In season 7, Amy became pregnant with their child. Their son McClane "Mac" Peralta-Santiago (who was named after John McClane from Die Hard ) is born in the season 7 finale. In the series finale, with Amy's new position taking up more of her time and making their parenting schedule difficult, Jake decides to quit his job to become

18288-405: The two renewing their vows. For his work in the police reform program proposal, he was also promoted to deputy commissioner of the program. Over the course of the series, Jake matures under his direction and Holt becomes more lighthearted in return; the two acknowledge they have a father-son dynamic with each other. In the series finale, Holt tells Jake if he had a son like him, he would be proud of

18432-474: The wrong crowd. She transferred to the Public relations Division with Holt in "Johnny and Dora", and returned to the 99th Precinct with him in "The Oolong Slayer". In the episode "The Apartment", it is revealed that she has been engaged eight times, but never married. In "The Fugitive Pt. 2", she declared that Charles' texts are so strange that she would rather get hit by a bus than receive another one from him. At

18576-410: Was Deutsche Demokratische Republik (German Democratic Republic), usually abbreviated to DDR (GDR). Both terms were used in East Germany, with increasing usage of the abbreviated form, especially since East Germany considered West Germans and West Berliners to be foreigners following the promulgation of its second constitution in 1968. West Germans, the western media and statesmen initially avoided

18720-516: Was a de facto government within a single German nation and a de jure state organisation of parts of Germany outside the Federal Republic. The Federal Republic continued to maintain that it could not within its own structures recognize the GDR de jure as a sovereign state under international law; but it fully acknowledged that, within the structures of international law, the GDR was an independent sovereign state. By distinction, West Germany then viewed itself as being within its own boundaries, not only

18864-657: Was a period of stability and consolidation; 1971–1985 was termed the Honecker Era, and saw closer ties with West Germany; and 1985–1990 saw the decline and extinction of East Germany. The ruling political party in East Germany was the Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands ( Socialist Unity Party of Germany , SED). It was created in 1946 through the Soviet-directed merger of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and

19008-522: Was absent for the first half of season five on maternity leave after giving birth to a girl she nicknames "Iggy" (short for The Enigma). In the episode "Halloween IV", Gina revealed that in the fourth grade at a classmate's birthday party, a bowling ball fell onto her face. This incident knocked out her two front teeth; she has been wearing false teeth since. In season six, Jake helps Gina realize that her talents would be better spent elsewhere and she quits her job. She becomes an internet celebrity and hosts

19152-446: Was an illegally-constituted puppet state of NATO. However, from the 1960s onward, East Germany began recognizing itself as a separate country from West Germany and shared the legacy of the united German state of 1871–1945 . This was formalized in 1974 when the reunification clause was removed from the revised East German constitution. West Germany, in contrast, maintained that it was the only legitimate government of Germany. From 1949 to

19296-466: Was demoted to a uniformed officer by Commissioner Wuntch after she found out he was promoted to detective too soon earlier in his career. Shortly after Wuntch's death, however, he is quickly promoted back to captain in the middle of the seventh season. At the beginning of season eight, Holt and Kevin were separated as a result of the hardships they endured in 2020, but they got back together and started attending couples counseling, which eventually resulted in

19440-546: Was forbidden to talk about the Third Reich and, at home, their grandparents told them how, thanks to Hitler , we had the first motorways." On 17 October 1987, thirty or so skinheads violently threw themselves into a crowd of 2,000 people at a rock concert in the Zionskirche without the police intervening. In 1990, the writer Freya Klier received a death threat for writing an essay on antisemitism and xenophobia in

19584-785: Was listed by IGN as #14 of their top 100 villains. Gruber would also go on to influence subsequent movie villains such as Howard Payne in Speed , Cyrus "The Virus" Grissom in Con Air , Eric Qualen in Cliffhanger and Egor Korshunov in Air Force One . There was also a villain in the James Coburn film Our Man Flint named Hans Gruber but it is unknown if the Die Hard Gruber was an homage to that character. Due to

19728-529: Was not then a priority for the leadership of West Germany, and the NATO powers declined the proposal, asserting that Germany should be able to join NATO and that such a negotiation with the Soviet Union would be seen as a capitulation. In 1949 the Soviets turned control of East Germany over to the SED , headed by Wilhelm Pieck (1876–1960), who became President of the GDR and held the office until his death, while

19872-448: Was rejected after reporting that another cop racially profiled him. In season six, Terry revealed to the group that he secretly passed the lieutenant's exam weeks before an impromptu ' Cinco de Mayo ' heist that the precinct decided to hold to take his mind off the exam. He was nearly transferred to Staten Island , but Acting Commissioner Wuntch used her new position to allow him to stay at the Nine-Nine, primarily by forcing Holt to fulfil

20016-482: Was removed from power that same year before he could act on the matter. His successor, Nikita Khrushchev , rejected reunification as equivalent to returning East Germany for annexation to the West; hence reunification was off the table until the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989. East Germany regarded East Berlin as its capital, and the Soviet Union and the rest of the Eastern Bloc diplomatically recognized East Berlin as

20160-656: Was retiring at the end of the year and that he was on the shortlist of candidates to replace him. He spent the rest of the season campaigning to win the Commissioner title, but ended up losing to John Kelly. In season six, Holt was encouraged by Jake and Amy to stand up to Kelly's regressive policies, leading the Commissioner to retaliate against the Nine-Nine. However, Peralta and Wuntch team up, without Holt's knowledge, to take Kelly down, resulting in Wuntch being named interim Commissioner. This détente becomes short-lived as Holt

20304-453: Was thankful it happened as running the food truck meant he was spending less time with his family and also building up a large debt. Outside of Hitchcock and Scully, Charles is the only detective not to quit or change ranks by the end of the series. With Jake quitting his job in the series finale, Charles became the new senior detective of the precinct, and his new partner Detective Larkin idolizes him similar to how he idolized Jake. Charles has

20448-462: Was the removal of the electrified fence along Hungary 's border with Austria on 2 May 1989. Although formally the Hungarian frontier was still closed, many East Germans took the opportunity to enter Hungary via Czechoslovakia , and then make the illegal crossing from Hungary to Austria and to West Germany beyond. By July, 25,000 East Germans had crossed into Hungary; most of them did not attempt

20592-591: Was then voted into effect prior to the agreed date for Unification by both the Volkskammer and the Bundestag by the constitutionally required two-thirds majorities, effecting on the one hand the extinction of the GDR, and on the other the agreed amendments to the Basic Law of the Federal Republic. The great economic and socio-political inequalities between the former Germanies required government subsidies for

20736-401: Was used for the now infamous scene of Gruber's death. Rickman was to be dropped 40 feet (12 m), and was let go sooner than expected, causing the shocked look of fear on Gruber's face to be genuine. The first shot taken ended up being the one used in the movie. The scene where Gruber pretends to be an escaped hostage named Bill Clay was not originally included in the script, and was added once

#179820