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84-489: Because of its undeveloped nature, easy upstream access, and the possibility to paddle to and take out at Moosonee , the Harricana River is popular for canoeing trips to James Bay. The Harricana originates at Lake Blouin just north of Val-d'Or . From here De Montigny and Lemoine Lakes add to it before it flows through a series of lakes such as Malartic , La Motte , and Figuery Lakes. After flowing through

168-464: A "satellite Trades Centre" was being operated in the community by Northern College "linked to the ... Timmins Campus"; courses included technology, trades and apprenticeship programs. Moosonee has a humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ) with subarctic influences, which gives the town warm summers and cold winters, sometimes severe. James Bay acts as a thermal reservoir to moderate spring and fall temperatures. Freeze-up on

252-499: A 20-story residential and 14-story hotel towers, and an 18-story and a 13-story office tower as part of River Landing Village completed in 2021. The Saskatoon Farmers' Market and some commercial sites have also been developed. Future plans separate from Lake Placid include the development of a new art gallery to replace the Mendel Art Gallery by 2014. Other landmarks in the city include the iconic Traffic Bridge (which

336-614: A French Language Instructional Unit for children who are entitled to be educated in French. There is a public high school, Northern Lights Secondary School , that provides grades nine through twelve. Northern College 's Moosonee campus provides some post-secondary programs. Health services are provided through the Moosonee Health Clinic of the Weeneebayko Area Health Authority (merger of

420-643: A crew of 21 persons of the Revillon Frères company arrived on the banks of the Moose River near the much older Moose Factory to establish the Moose River Post . This Parisian furrier had ambitious plans to set up a chain of fur trading posts in direct competition with the Hudson's Bay Company , including five on James Bay . But it suffered a setback when their supply ship that carried all

504-635: A general decline in elevation above sea level heading towards the river, and on the east bank of the river, the terrain is mostly level until outside the city, where it begins to decrease in elevation again. Saskatoon is divided into east and west sides by the South Saskatchewan River . It is then divided into Suburban Development Areas (SDA) which are composed of neighbourhoods. Street addresses are demarcated into north and south (for avenues aligned in those directions) and similar east and west (for streets aligned in those directions). West of

588-501: A land area of 226.56 km (87.48 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,174.7/km (3,042.5/sq mi) in 2021. At the census metropolitan area (CMA) level in the 2021 census, the Saskatoon CMA had a population of 317,480 living in 125,100 of its 134,720 total private dwellings, a change of 7.6% from its 2016 population of 295,095 . With a land area of 5,864.48 km (2,264.29 sq mi), it had

672-521: A lesser extent Saulteaux , Assiniboine , and Dene communities also exist. Saskatoon also has a substantial Métis population and is close to the historically significant Southbranch Settlements to the north, as well as the Prairie Ronde settlement near Dundurn, Saskatchewan . According to the 2021 census , religious groups in Saskatoon included: According to the 2011 Census, 66% of

756-495: A long belt of rich, potassic chernozem in middle-southern Saskatchewan and is found in the aspen parkland biome. The lack of surrounding mountainous topography gives the city a relatively flat grid, though the city does sprawl over a few hills and into a few valleys. The lowest point in the city is the river, while the highest point is in the Sutherland - College Park area. Saskatoon, on a cross-section from west to east, has

840-666: A population density of 54.1/km (140.2/sq mi) in 2021. The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 53,210 persons or 20.4% of the total population of Saskatoon. Of the total immigrant population, the top countries of origin were Philippines (11,840 persons or 22.3%), India (5,845 persons or 11.0%), China (4,695 persons or 8.8%), Pakistan (3,975 persons or 7.5%), Nigeria (2,090 persons or 3.9%), United Kingdom (2,045 persons or 3.8%), Bangladesh (1,830 persons or 3.4%), Vietnam (1,510 persons or 2.8%), United States of America (1,470 persons or 2.8%), and Iraq (1,200 persons or 2.3%). The Saskatoon area

924-738: A population of 1,512 living in 487 of its 629 total private dwellings, a change of 2.1% from its 2016 population of 1,481 . With a land area of 547.83 km (211.52 sq mi), it had a population density of 2.8/km (7.1/sq mi) in 2021. In 2021, 86.0 per cent of residents spoke English as their mother tongue, 8.5 per cent Indigenous (mainly Cree), 1.0 per cent French, and 4.4 per cent other languages. The population are mainly First Nations (66.8 per cent), 32.5 per cent non-indigenous and 1 per cent Métis . Moosonee has two elementary schools, Moosonee Public School and Bishop Belleau Separate School (Roman Catholic) that offer kindergarten through grade eight. Bishop Belleau School also provides

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1008-446: A village that year, was renamed Nutana. In 1906 Saskatoon became a city with a population of 4,500, which included the communities of Saskatoon, Riversdale and Nutana. In 1955, a newly established community west of the city, Montgomery Place , was annexed , followed by the neighbouring town of Sutherland in 1956. Saskatoon serves as regional center for the northern prairies and for central and northern Saskatchewan. Saskatoon lies on

1092-657: Is TCU Place , which is next to Midtown Plaza downtown. Since opening in 1967, it has hosted scores of concerts, theatrical performances, live events such as the Telemiracle telethon , high school graduation and university convocation ceremonies, and conventions. It is also home to the Saskatoon Symphony Orchestra . It recently underwent a multimillion-dollar renovation to its main theatre (named in honour of former mayor and senator Sidney Buckwold ). For rock concerts and major shows, SaskTel Centre

1176-516: Is nicknamed "Paris of the Prairies" and "Bridge City". Historic neighbourhoods of Saskatoon include Nutana and Riversdale , which were separate towns before amalgamating with the town of Saskatoon and incorporating as a city in 1906. Nutana, Riversdale, their historic main streets of Broadway Avenue and 20th Street , as well as the downtown core and other central neighbourhoods are seeing significant reinvestment and redevelopment. Sutherland

1260-429: Is 148.9 km (92.5 mi) south of Moosonee. During the early months of 2008, a winter road was open between Moosonee and the provincial road system at Otter Rapids. This road was built to support the twinning of the electric transmission lines that run from Otter Rapids to Moosonee. Local residents report it taking five or six hours to get to Timmins from Moosonee via Otter Rapids and Smooth Rock Falls . This road

1344-552: Is an Indigenous archaeological site and features displays, special events, and activities, recent renovations are on hold due to a lack of funds during the renovations. Live theatre is a central, vibrant part of Saskatoon's culture. Saskatoon is host to a number of live theatre venues such as the Persephone Theatre , which is in the Remai Arts Centre at River Landing in downtown Saskatoon, The Refinery and

1428-476: Is available on this train. A private company offers freighter-canoe ferry across the Moose River to Moose Factory where Centennial Park exhibits 19th-century buildings from the fur-trading era. Notable attractions in Moosonee include: The Tidewater Provincial Park is on nearby Charles Island, adjacent to Moose Factory Island. Saskatoon Saskatoon ( / ˌ s æ s k ə ˈ t uː n / )

1512-536: Is available on this train. There are also two freight trains per week. During the summer and early fall shipping season, goods can be transported from Moosonee by barge. In January 2007, responsibility for the Port of Moosonee was transferred from the federal government to the Town of Moosonee. The Polar Bear Express Passenger Train transports cars, canoes, ATVs, and snowmobiles as long as they are booked in advance notice. It

1596-479: Is believed to be due to more people identifying themselves as Indigenous in the census rather than migration or birth rate. Saskatoon has the second highest percentage of Indigenous population among major Canadian cities at approximately 11.5%, behind Winnipeg at 12.4% and Regina close by with 10.4%; in certain neighbourhoods such as Pleasant Hill , this percentage exceeds 40%. Most First Nations residents are of Cree or Dakota cultural background although to

1680-522: Is connected by water taxi in the summer and ice road in the winter. There is no road connection to the community but flights are provided by Air Creebec and by Thunder Airlines , via Moosonee Airport . Moosonee is also the railhead of the Ontario Northland Railway where goods are transferred to barges and aircraft for transport to more northerly communities. Moosonee is not particularly far north, being located at 51°N—which

1764-588: Is free to walk around and enjoy the atmosphere. The city's annual exhibition (now called the Saskatoon Exhibition but also known in previous years as Pioneer Days and "The Ex") is held every August at Prairieland Park . In the late 1990s, the Saskatoon Exhibition was rescheduled to August so that it no longer was in direct competition with the Calgary Stampede , which frequently overlapped the event. Saskatoon's Sikh community celebrates

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1848-475: Is growing with start-up tech companies such as Noodlecake, Point2, Vendasta Technologies, and Zu. One of Saskatoon's nicknames, "Hub City", refers to its ideal central location within Canada for distribution and logistics. Saskatoon John G. Diefenbaker International Airport with 105,620 aircraft movements in 2008 was listed as the 19th busiest airport in Canada, 12th busiest in passenger traffic . Saskatoon

1932-424: Is noted for its interior recreation of a "Boom Town" main street, including one original building relocated from its original site. The Saskatchewan Railway Museum is just outside the city and includes displays of rolling stock and historic railway buildings from various parts of the province. The Forestry Farm Park and Zoo is a National Historic Site situated in the northeast region of the city. The Forestry Farm

2016-950: Is on the banks of the South Saskatchewan River. It was founded in 1941 by the Ukrainian Women's Association of Canada . The Meewasin Valley Centre , in Friendship Park, has information on Saskatoon's history, the South Saskatchewan River, and the future of the Meewasin Valley. Saskatoon is also home of the Saskatchewan Western Development Museum . This museum, one of four throughout the province, documents early pioneer life in Saskatchewan. It

2100-551: Is on the main floor of the Saskatchewan Craft Council building in the Broadway Avenue area. It is Saskatchewan's only public exhibition gallery dedicated to fine craft as an art form. Saskatchewan Craft Council Gallery presents seven to eight exhibitions each year. The SCC Fine Craft Boutique, located in the gallery, features the work of over 75 SCC fine craft artists. The Ukrainian Museum of Canada

2184-538: Is one of only two motorail services in North America. The town is also accessible via the Moosonee Airport , served with scheduled flights by Air Creebec , and Thunder Airlines , and cargo service through North Star Air . In the summer months floatplanes can land at Moosonee Water Aerodrome Moosonee is inaccessible by road. The nearest road outside of Moosonee ends at Otter Rapids which

2268-559: Is popular during the winter months, along with skating in Kiwanis Memorial Park. Access points are found throughout the city with interpretive signage and washrooms along the route. There are parks throughout the Meewasin Valley, with washrooms, picnic facilities, and lookout points along the river bank. In the winter the Meewasin Skating Rink is open free to the public; it is in Kiwanis Memorial Park beside

2352-400: Is roughly the same latitude as Saskatoon and Calgary —but is colder due to its proximity to Hudson Bay , and isolated due to its lack of road access to the rest of Ontario. The community was the site of a fur trading post set up in 1903 by Revillon Frères , competitors to the Hudson's Bay Company which later bought out Révillon. Moosonee formerly held the status of a development area,

2436-740: Is the largest city in the province , and the 17th largest Census Metropolitan Area in Canada , with a 2021 census population of 317,480. Saskatoon is home to the University of Saskatchewan , the Meewasin Valley Authority —which protects the South Saskatchewan River and provides for the city's popular riverbank park spaces—and Wanuskewin Heritage Park , a National Historic Site of Canada and UNESCO World Heritage applicant representing 6,000 years of First Nations history. The Rural Municipality of Corman Park No. 344 ,

2520-542: Is the largest city in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan . It straddles a bend in the South Saskatchewan River in the central region of the province. It is located along the Trans-Canada Yellowhead Highway , and has served as the cultural and economic hub of central Saskatchewan since its founding in 1882 as a Temperance colony. With a 2021 census population of 266,141, Saskatoon

2604-400: Is the main venue. It is Saskatchewan's largest arena, with a capacity of 15,195 for sporting events and 14,000 for concerts. Musical acts from Saskatoon include Joni Mitchell , Kyle Riabko , Wide Mouth Mason , The Northern Pikes , The Sheepdogs , One Bad Son and The Deep Dark Woods , as well as countless others popular at both local and regional levels. The facility was the 2007 host for

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2688-861: The Juno Awards , Canada's foremost music industry honours. Saskatoon hosts many festivals and events in the summer, including the Shakespeare on the Saskatchewan Festival , The Great Plains Comedy Festival, the Jazz Festival , the Saskatchewan Children's Festival , the Saskatoon Fringe Theatre Festival (a showcase of alternative theatre), Saskatoon Folkfest (a cultural festival), Doors Open Saskatoon , Fairy Door Tours Saskatoon and

2772-411: The 1980s. The most recent version of the plan called River Landing is ongoing. Calgary developer Lake Placid has proposed a 200 million dollar mega hotel/condo project to be built on the site although Lake Placid had difficulty securing financing and missed an October 30, 2009, deadline to submit a 4.5 million dollar payment for the parcel of land which seemingly killed the deal. On November 16, 2009, it

2856-515: The 2012 closure of the local CBC Television and TVOntario repeaters. Ontera , formerly Ontario Northland Telecommunications, but now owned by Bell, provides telecommunications service in Moosonee ( NPA-NXX 705-336). Tourism agencies recommend the Polar Bear Express as a "great rail excursion" in summer, between Cochrane and Moosonee, to view the "hydroelectric dams, isolated homes and perhaps even some wildlife." No meal service

2940-552: The Canada Remembers Airshow. For over 25 years, Saskatoon has hosted a gathering of antique automobiles, (mainly from the 1960s) that has grown into an event called "Cruise Weekend". The event is usually held on the last weekend (Friday, Saturday and Sunday) in August. Activities include a poker derby, dances, and a show 'N' shine with over 800 cars from all over western Canada. No admission is charged and everyone

3024-652: The Cree practice of cutting saskatoon berry willows for arrow shafts. In 1882, the Toronto -based Temperance Colonization Society was granted 21 sections of land straddling the South Saskatchewan River, between what is now Warman and Dundurn . The aim of the group was to escape the liquor trade in Toronto and set up a "dry" community in the Prairie region. The following year settlers, led by John Neilson Lake , arrived on

3108-866: The Delta Bessborough hotel. The outdoor rink has been open since 1980. For years, a parcel of land west of the Traffic Bridge , south of 19th Street, and east of Avenue C has been the subject of on-again, off-again redevelopment plans. The site formerly held the Saskatoon Arena, a power plant, a branch of the Royal Canadian Legion , and the head offices of the Saskatoon Public School Division ; all these structures have been demolished to make way for redevelopment, with plans for same dating back to

3192-710: The Depression. The Bessborough and the Mendel Art Gallery are the only major structures on the river side of Spadina Crescent. One of the most frequently circulated photographs of Saskatoon is of the hotel framed in one of the arches of the Broadway Bridge . The Meewasin Valley Trail follows the South Saskatchewan River through Saskatoon. Summer activities include cycling, jogging and walking through parks and natural areas. Cross-country skiing

3276-519: The Hudson's Bay Company and the Moosonee post closed. The HBC also exited the fur trade and opened a retail store in Moosonee (now Northern Store, part of The North West Company ). With the end of the fur trade business, Moosonee's economy became centred on transportation. In 1962, Moosonee became the site of RCAF Station Moosonee that was part of NORAD 's Pinetree Line chain of radar stations. It closed in 1975 and some of its buildings were used by

3360-451: The Moose River normally occurs between late November and mid-December, with mean daily minimum January temperatures approximately −25 °C (−13 °F). Spring break-up, or spring thaw, usually occurs in April. Mean annual precipitation is 703.6 mm (27.70 in), and mean annual snowfall is 226.8 cm (89.3 in). Precipitation is somewhat higher in summer than at other times of

3444-707: The Saskatchewan Native Theatre Company. The Broadway Theatre primarily shows arthouse films – while the two-screen Roxy Theatre is an "atmospheric-style" second-run theatre that reopened in 2005 after sitting unused for over a decade. The remainder of the city's theatres are multiplexes . The only movie theatre in the downtown core is the Scotia Bank VIP Theatre ; the Capitol 4 shut down on April 3, 2008. The city's other movie theatres are The Landmark Theatre in

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3528-471: The Town after the closure, including the base swimming pool and recreation centre. In 1968, the town was classified as a development area board. In November 2000, it was incorporated as the Town of Moosonee. The town is governed by a mayor and four councillors. As of 2023, the mayor is Wayne Taipale and the councillors are Theresa Chavez, Sheldon Ross, Diane Ryder, and Carman Tozer In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada , Moosonee had

3612-535: The boundary (there is, however, no separate north–south divide). As a result of the unusual demarcation on the east side, few streets there actually carry a "North" or "West" designation, and only a few streets in Sutherland are demarcated "East" and "West". A second major water feature aside from the river is the Hudson Bay Slough, a remnant of a glacier-formed body of water that at one time dominated

3696-562: The city on Highway 60 and Highway 11 , respectively. Batoche , a national historic site associated with the North-West Rebellion of 1885, is 90 km (56 mi) north of the city. Both Blackstrap and Batoche are popular destinations for school field trips. Saskatoon experiences a borderline cold semi-arid climate ( Köppen : BSk ) to humid continental climate ( Dfb ), with typically warm summers and long, cold winters. Climate data from University of Saskatchewan , in

3780-411: The coastal road to the provincial highway system at Fraserdale , Kapuskasing or Hearst . Moosonee has a local radio station, CHMO 1450 AM, that is generally operated by volunteers, plus a rebroadcasting facility for CBC Radio One Northern Ontario from CBCS-FM Sudbury on 1340 AM. Most homes subscribe to either Creecable cable TV or a satellite TV service to receive their programming, following

3864-790: The festival of Vaisakhi with a parade held in May. The francophone community is represented by the Fédération des francophones de Saskatoon which organizes many cultural events. Art museums in Saskatoon include the Remai Modern , located at River Landing , a development along the shoreline of the South Saskatchewan River, in the Central Business District. The art museum is situated in a 11,582 m (124,670 sq ft) building designed by Bruce Kuwabara , and houses over 8,000 works in its collection. The design for

3948-660: The fighting at the Battle of Fish Creek , and the Battle of Batoche , wounded Canadian soldiers convalesced at the Marr Residence which is today a historic site. A few died in care and were buried in the Pioneer Cemetery near the Exhibition Grounds. A town charter for the west side of the river was obtained in 1903, and this settlement adopted the name Saskatoon; the original townsite, which became

4032-619: The former James Bay General Hospital and the Weeneebayko Health Ahtuskaywin which operated Weeneebayko General Hospital in Moose Factory ). Payukotayno (pronounced pay-k-ta-no) Family Services provide child care and social assistance to Moosonee, Moose Factory, Attawapiskat First Nation , Fort Albany First Nation , Kashechewan First Nation and Peawanuck . Payukotayno is a recognized Ontario Children's Aid society and means 'one family' in Cree. As of 2020

4116-456: The inner city meets semi-arid criteria. This is due to slightly higher average annual temperature and slightly lower average annual precipitation than the Airport, on the city's northwest periphery. The city has four distinct seasons and is in plant hardiness zone 3b. Saskatoon has a dry climate and sees 352.3 mm (13.87 in) of precipitation per year on average, with the summer being

4200-486: The map of Bradford called it Harricana. The Rupert's Land Act 1868 transferred the river and its basin to Canada and was officially annexed to the Province of Quebec in 1898. Thereafter colonization and settlement on the upper Harricana began in earnest. In 1906, Henry O' Sullivan explored the shores of Harricana and in 1908, the first camps were established on its banks at the rapids. These were provisioning camps for

4284-431: The moniker "POW City". Various grains, livestock, oil and gas, potash, uranium, gold, diamond, coal and their spin off industries fuel the economy. The world's largest publicly traded uranium company, Cameco , and the world's largest potash producer, Nutrien , have corporate headquarters in Saskatoon. Saskatoon is also the new home of BHP Billiton's Diamonds and Specialty Products business unit. Nearly two-thirds of

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4368-464: The most populous rural municipality in Saskatchewan, surrounds the city and contains many of the developments associated with it, including Wanuskewin. Saskatoon is named after the saskatoon berry , which is native to the region and is itself derived from the Cree misâskwatômina . The city has a significant Indigenous population and several urban Reserves . The city has nine river crossings and

4452-822: The museum won the Award of Excellence from the Canadian Architect magazine in 2011. Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque and other 20th-century artists have a home in the Remai Modern museum. Opened on October 21, 2017, the Remai Modern has been listed at no. 18 in the New York Times "52 places to go in 2018: A starter kit for escaping into the world." The Remai Modern inherited the collection of the defunct Mendel Art Gallery , which operated in City Park from 1964 to 2015. The Saskatchewan Craft Council Gallery

4536-613: The new subdivision of Brighton, Rainbow Cinemas (a second-run cinema) and the Cineplex Cinemas at The Centre mall on the city's east side. Among the many movie theatres of the past that have come and gone was the Capitol Theatre, which opened in 1929 with a showing of the first talkie to be exhibited in Saskatoon. The Capitol closed in the early 1980s to make way for the Scotia Centre office tower; its name

4620-569: The northern end of the city. Industrial development has resulted in most of the slough being drained, however a large remnant has been preserved off Avenue C as part of RCAF Memorial Park, and another portion remains intact within the Hudson Bay Industrial area. Several residential communities also feature "man-made lakes," with Lakeview (developed from the early 1980s) being the first. Pike Lake and Blackstrap Provincial Parks are both approximately 40 km (25 mi) south of

4704-479: The only community in the province with that designation; it was governed by a locally elected board subject to formal appointment by the Ontario provincial government. It became incorporated as a town effective January 1, 2001, with an elected mayor and four-person council. In 1900, Annie Hardisty and her two daughters were the first settlers on the site. Significant development began on June 6, 1903, four canoes and

4788-405: The population identified as Christian , with Catholics (28.5%) making up the largest denomination, followed by United Church (10.9%), and other denominations. Others identified as Muslim (2.6%), Buddhist (0.8%), Hindu (0.7%), with traditional (indigenous) spirituality (0.5%), and with other religions. 28.5% of the population reported no religious affiliation. Saskatoon's major arts venue

4872-691: The post was supplied by scows from Pagwa on the National Transcontinental Railway coming down the Pagwachuan, Kenogami , and Albany Rivers . In 1932, the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway was extended from Cochrane to Moose River Post, that was renamed at that time to Moosonee, derived from the Cree word môsonihk meaning "at the Moose [River]". In 1936, Revillon Frères sold its Canadian operations to

4956-517: The provisions shipwrecked near Fort George (Chisasibi). The Revillon Frères Museum is located on First Street. Moose River Post became the most important location for Revillon Frères and was quickly expanded with a staff house, carpenter's shop, warehouse, and sawmill. The buildings were spaced far apart as a preventive measure to minimize the spread of fire. By 1912, it was reported that "the whole line of good substantial buildings, built principally for their French Canadian employees, stretches along

5040-451: The river front for nearly a mile northward from the residence of the inspector." Moose River Post (and Moose Factory) were prosperous but isolated. It was supplied only once per year by ship coming from Montreal around the Labrador Peninsula . Mail arrived only four times per year, twice by canoe and twice by toboggan. During World War I , Revillon Frères' chartered supply ship was requisitioned for war service. So from then on until 1932,

5124-464: The river, the demarcation line for north and south addresses is 22nd Street, while east and west are divided by Idylwyld Drive (north of 20th Street) and Avenue A (south of 20th). On the east side, in order to line up with 22nd/Idylwyld, Lorne Avenue demarcates east and west while Aird Street, a minor residential road, marks the north–south boundary, except in the Sutherland community where a separate east/west demarcation takes place with Central Avenue as

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5208-516: The site of what is now Saskatoon and established the first permanent settlement. The settlers travelled by railway from Ontario to Moose Jaw and then completed the final leg via horse-drawn cart, as the railway had yet to be completed to Saskatoon. In 1885 the North-West Rebellion affected the tiny community in a variety of ways. Chief Whitecap and Charles Trottier passed through the present day University campus on their way to join Louis Riel 's armed forces at Batoche, Saskatchewan . Following

5292-417: The summer months and five days per week during the rest of the year. Moosonee station is located at the end of First Street and has a small station building, freight shed, diesel shed and an outdoor yard to store trains. Tickets are sold by phone or at the offices Cochrane, Moosonee, Moose Factory and Timmins . The train will stop on demand in some locations as part of the flag stop service. No meal service

5376-499: The sweet, violet-coloured serviceberry that grows in the area. However, the exact origin of the naming of the settlement is unclear. Founder John Lake apparently told multiple stories, including the most famous, where in August, 1883 he was handed a handful of berries, told their name, and exclaimed, "Arise Saskatoon Queen of the North!" It is considered most likely that the name in fact derived from one already in use: manemesaskwatan , or "the place where willows are cut," referring to

5460-402: The town of Amos , one more significant lake follows: Lake Obalski. North of Amos the river crosses lush boreal forests, where extensive logging takes place. Toward its mouth at Hannah Bay, the forest gradually decreases and is replaced with many wetlands. Here the Harricana has considerable speed and a flat relief, flowing through undeveloped wilderness. (in downstream order) The Harricana

5544-406: The traffic heading up north has been destined for the Victor Diamond Mine operated by De Beers Canada to the west of Attawapiskat. In January 2021, the 311 km (193 mi) James Bay Winter Ice Road was under construction, to connect Attawapiskat, Kashechewan, Fort Albany and Moosonee. It opened some time in winter 2021 and was said to accept loads up to 50,000 kilograms in weight. The road

5628-438: The transcontinental railroad construction. A few years later, in 1910, the first colonists arrive and found the town of Amos at the place where the railroad crosses the river. The river's name originates from the Algonquin word Nanikana , meaning "the main way" or "Biscuit River", depending on the source. Biscuit (or ànakonà in Algonquin, aanakonaa in Ojibwe, and aaihkunaau in East James Bay Cree) refers to bannock -like

5712-429: The unusual flat stones, sand, limestone and clay concretions, which are found in the river, called Pierres de fée or "fairy stones." Through history various spellings have been reported: "ᴀʌᴀᴋoʌᴀ" ( anàkonà ) (Algonquin), "anâkona" or "uhnahkoonah" ( anaakonaa ) (Ojibwe) and "ayukoona'w" ( aaihkunaau ) (Cree). The Algonquins also use the name Inikana , meaning "river route". A segment of the river in East James Bay Cree

5796-688: The wettest season. Saskatoon is sunnier than average in Canada as a result, averaging 2,350.4 hours of bright sunshine annually. The extreme temperatures are typically accompanied by below average levels of humidity. Thunderstorms are common in the summer months and can be severe with torrential rain, hail, high winds, intense lightning and, on occasion, tornadoes . The frost-free growing season lasts from May 21 to September 15, but due to Saskatoon's northerly location, damaging frosts have occurred as late as June 14 and again as early as August. The average daytime high temperature peaks at 25.8 °C (78.4 °F) from July 31 to August 8. The " Blizzard of 2007 "

5880-428: The world's recoverable potash reserves are in the Saskatoon region. Innovation Place founded in 1980 brings together almost 150 agriculture, information technology, and environmental, life sciences and agricultural biotechnology industries in a science park or technology park setting. Saskatoon is also home to the Canadian Light Source , Canada's national synchrotron facility. Saskatoon's digital media scene

5964-418: The year. Severe thunderstorms can occur from time to time. Moosonee used to have a subarctic climate with a yearly mean temperature of −1.3 °C (29.7 °F), but due to global warming that temperature has risen to 0.1 °C (32.2 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Moosonee was 37.8 °C (100.0 °F) on 31 July 1975. The coldest temperature ever recorded, at (Moose Factory),

6048-441: Was 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) on 6 June 1988. The lowest temperature ever recorded was −50.0 °C (−58.0 °F) on 1 February 1893. In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada , Saskatoon had a population of 266,141 living in 107,052 of its 115,619 total private dwellings, a change of 7.7% from its 2016 population of 247,201 . The population of Saskatoon is made up of 50.9% women and 49.1% men. With

6132-411: Was a historic nursery (dating from 1913) responsible for growing many of the trees planted within the prairie provinces. In 1966 the nursery operations were discontinued and part of the region turned into a municipal park. The city zoo is also housed within the park and features over 80 species of animals. Wanuskewin Heritage Park is a National Historic Site situated five km to the north of Saskatoon. It

6216-461: Was a rail town beyond the University of Saskatchewan lands, annexed by the city in 1956. The name Saskatoon (in Cree : sâskwatôn ᓵᐢᑿᑑᐣ , "Saskatoon" or the locatives : misâskwatôminihk ᒥᓵᐢᑿᑑᒥᓂᕽ , lit: "at the saskatoon berry", misâskwatôminiskâhk ᒥᓵᐢᑿᑑᒥᓂᐢᑳᕽ , "at the place of many saskatoon berries", mînisihk ᒦᓂᓯᕽ "at the berry") comes from the Cree inanimate noun misâskwatômina ᒥᓵᐢᑿᑑᒥᓇ " saskatoon berries ", which refers to

6300-607: Was called Waashahaau Siipii , which means "river to the bay". Moosonee, Ontario Moosonee ( / ˌ m uː s ə ˈ n iː / ) is a town in northern Ontario , Canada, on the Moose River approximately 19 km (12 mi) south of James Bay . It is considered to be "the Gateway to the Arctic" and has Ontario 's only saltwater port. Nearby on Moose Factory Island is the community of Moose Factory to which it

6384-520: Was demolished in 2016 and is currently being replaced by a new structure evoking the appearance of the original), the University of Saskatchewan campus, and the large Viterra grain terminal which has dominated the western skyline of the city for decades and is large enough to be visible from Pike Lake Provincial Park 32 km away. The economy of Saskatoon has been associated with potash , oil and agriculture (specifically wheat ), resulting in

6468-432: Was described by many residents as the worst they had seen and paralyzed the city with its low visibility, extreme cold and large volume of snow. Winds rose to over 90 km/h (56 mph) and an estimated 25 cm (9.8 in) of snow fell throughout the day. Many area residents took refuge overnight at area work places, shopping centres, hospitals and the university. The highest temperature ever recorded in Saskatoon

6552-580: Was first used by the Algonquins as a river route. As a tributary of the James Bay , and thus of the Hudson Bay , the Harricana River and its basin were part of Rupert's Land , de facto property of the Hudson's Bay Company by exclusive charter of 1670. But not until 1801, Alexander MacKenzie mapped the entire route of the river for the first time and identified it by name Harricanaw. In 1835,

6636-494: Was inhabited long before any permanent settlement was established, to which the ongoing archaeological work at Wanuskewin Heritage Park and other locations bears witness. Canada's First Nations population has been increasingly urbanized, and nowhere is that more apparent than in Saskatoon, where the First Nations population increased by 382% from 1981 to 2001; however, a portion of this increase, possibly as much as half,

6720-499: Was not in service in 2009. In late 2009, members of the Moose Cree First Nation voted for the construction of a seasonal winter road south to Otter Rapids. During the winter, ice roads are plowed and maintained on the ice across the Moose River to Moose Factory and winter roads are maintained to the coastal First Nations communities of Fort Albany , Kashechewan and Attawapiskat . In recent years, much of

6804-412: Was operated by Kimesskanemenow LP, "a limited partnership between the four communities it connects". Feasibility studies have been undertaken on the construction of a permanent all-season road to the communities of Moosonee, Fort Albany, Kashechewan and Attawapiskat River . The project, if undertaken, will entail a "coastal road" connecting the four communities with each other, as well as a road to link

6888-400: Was revealed by Lake Placid that the financing should be secure within a week. In April 2010, Saskatoon City Council voted in favour of entering new negotiations with Lake Placid over the site. November 2010, Victory Majors Investments buys out Lake Placid's interest in the project and in August 2011 of the next year proposed a major overhaul to original design which would later include building

6972-679: Was transferred to the aforementioned Capitol 4 a block away. One of the city's landmarks is the Delta Bessborough Hotel, known to locals as the Bez . Built by the Canadian National Railway , it was among the last railway hotels to be started before the Great Depression of the 1930s brought their era to a close. Although the building was completed in 1932, it did not open its doors until 1935 due to

7056-612: Was −48.9 °C (−56.0 °F) on 24 January 1935. The town is billed as "a major transportation hub for Ontario’s Far North". As of 2020, the MV Niska 1 ferry was operating between Moosonee and Moose Factory island, carrying passengers and vehicles. The main method of access is by Ontario Northland Railway which reached the town in 1932 and which provides passenger and freight train service to Cochrane . Ontario Northland's Polar Bear Express train runs from Moosonee station to Cochrane station six days per week during

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