71-570: The International Antarctic Centre is a visitor attraction and public science discovery centre in the suburb of Harewood , Christchurch , New Zealand. It is located at Christchurch International Airport , adjacent to the buildings that are the Christchurch base for the Antarctic programmes of the US, New Zealand and Italy. The Centre is located in a campus containing the Christchurch bases for
142-404: A busy weekday afternoon. This, along with the strength of the quakes, and the proximity to the city centre, resulted in 181 deaths. Many buildings and landmarks were severely damaged, including the iconic Shag Rock and Christchurch Cathedral . New Zealand's first National State of Emergency was promptly declared. On 13 June 2011 at about 1:00 pm New Zealand time, Christchurch was rocked by
213-638: A decrease of 15 people (−1.1%) since the 2013 census , and a decrease of 42 people (−2.9%) since the 2006 census . There were 495 households, comprising 705 males and 681 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.04 males per female. The median age was 49.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 195 people (14.1%) aged under 15 years, 240 (17.3%) aged 15 to 29, 657 (47.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 294 (21.2%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 83.3% European/ Pākehā , 3.5% Māori , 1.5% Pasifika , 14.1% Asian , and 2.6% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
284-690: A divisional court of the Court of Appeal . State Highway 1 runs the length of Canterbury, connecting north to Blenheim and the Cook Strait ferry terminal at Picton and south to Oamaru , Dunedin and Invercargill . Christchurch International Airport , located in Harewood on the northwest outskirts of Christchurch, is the region's main airport. Regular flights operate from Christchurch to most major centres in New Zealand, as well as Australia,
355-466: A magnitude 5.7 quake, followed by a magnitude 6.3 quake at 2:20 pm, centred in a similar location to that of the February quake with a depth of 6.0 kilometres. Dozens of aftershocks occurred over the following days, including several over magnitude 4. Phone lines and power were lost in some suburbs, and liquefaction surfaced mainly in the eastern areas of the city which were worst affected following
426-548: A major Christchurch tourist attraction centred around the city's role as a departure point for many national Antarctic programmes. The centre was established in 1990, and is home to the administration offices of the New Zealand, United States, and Italian Antarctic programmes alongside multiple Antarctic-focused attractions. Hagglund armoured vehicles can occasionally be seen on roads around the Centre, offering rides to tourists. The median income of Harewood residents aged 15 or more
497-616: A million sheep in the region by the early 1850s. By the 1860s, this figure had risen to three million. During this period, the architect Benjamin Mountfort designed many civic and ecclesiastical buildings in the Gothic Revival style. The Canterbury Province was formed in 1853 following the passing of the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 . It was formed from part of New Munster Province and covered
568-607: A mock 1.2 metres (3 ft 11 in) crevasse on the vehicle route. The centre reported that 40,000 people per year were taking a ride in the Hägglunds. The 10th anniversary of the opening of the International Antarctic Centre was celebrated in September 2002 with a group of 625 children making an attempt on the world record for the world's biggest birthday card. In September 2003, the centre opened
639-473: A new attraction: the Antarctic Storm. This provides visitors with a 3-minute exposure to a simulated Antarctic blizzard, with wind chill temperatures down to −25 °C (−13 °F). In 2004, annual visitor numbers reached 200,000 with 80% of those coming from other countries. In the same year, it was reported that 45,000 people each year were taking part in the Antarctic education programme run from
710-566: A preliminary group led by Godley landed at Port Cooper – modern-day Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō – and established a port, housing and shops in preparation for the main body of settlers. In December 1850, the first wave of 750 settlers arrived at Lyttelton in a fleet of four ships . Following 1850, the province's economy developed with the introduction of sheep farming. The Canterbury region's tussock plains in particular were suitable for extensive sheep farming. Since they were highly valued by settlers for their meat and wool, there were over half
781-639: A variety of indoor venues. Christchurch City Council maintains 110 sportsgrounds across Christchurch City and Banks Peninsula . The sports venues Lancaster Park and Queen Elizabeth II Park were damaged beyond repair in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake , and were demolished. New facilities built to replace those damaged in the earthquake include the Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub , the Parakiore Recreation and Sport Centre — an aquatic and indoor sports venue scheduled to open in 2025, and
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#1732781156841852-476: Is displayed every November at the Canterbury A&;P Show . The show coincides with the regional anniversary day and Cup Week. During the interwar period, agricultural productivity was boosted by the introduction of mechanization, lime and the improvement of seed stocks. Canterbury is also New Zealand's main producer of cereal crops such as wheat, barley and oats. As of 2002, the region produced 60.7% of
923-617: Is in Otago. Following the local government reform of 1989 , Kaikōura District was part of the Nelson-Marlborough Region . That region was later abolished and replaced with three unitary authorities . Kaikōura was too small to function as an independent unitary authority and was moved under the jurisdiction of the Canterbury Regional Council in 1992. However, Kaikōura remains part of Marlborough in
994-608: Is one of the many means being used to address the water issue. The Canterbury mudfish (kowaro) is an endangered species that is monitored by the Department of Conservation. The Canterbury region is administered by the Canterbury Regional Council . The area includes ten territorial authorities , including Christchurch City Council and part of the Waitaki District , the other part of which
1065-503: Is the seat of the region and home to 58 percent of the region's population. Other major towns and cities include Timaru , Ashburton , Rangiora and Rolleston . The land, water, flora, and fauna of Canterbury has a long history, stretching from creation of the greywacke basement rocks that make up the Southern Alps to the arrival of the first humans. This history is linked to the solidification and development of tectonic plates,
1136-565: The Māori electorates system, Canterbury is part of the large Te Tai Tonga electorate which covers the entire South Island, the surrounding islands and most of Wellington in the North Island. It is currently held by Tākuta Ferris of Te Pāti Māori . Judicially, the region is served by four District Courts at Christchurch, Ashburton, Timaru and Kaikōura, and two High Courts at Christchurch and Timaru. The Christchurch High Court also hosts
1207-671: The New Zealand , US and Italian Antarctic Programmes , and comprises administration offices, warehousing, an American/New Zealand clothing store, a post office and travel agency, and the Antarctic Passenger Terminal. The International Antarctic Centre consists of Antarctic exhibits, a café, and bar. The visitor attractions include an Antarctic snow storm room, an audiovisual display, meetups with husky dogs, and rides in Hägglunds all-terrain vehicle outside
1278-590: The University of Canterbury located in western Christchurch, and Lincoln University located in Lincoln. Sport in Canterbury has developed from the time of the initial settlement by British migrants, and remains an important part of community life. Cricket and rugby union have been popular team sports since the early years of settlement, with the first cricket club established in Christchurch in 1851, and
1349-414: The 2011 Christchurch earthquake). Anglicanism is the largest Christian denomination in Canterbury with 14.8 percent affiliating, while Catholicism is the second-largest with 12.7 percent affiliating. The gross domestic product (GDP) of the Canterbury region was estimated at NZ$ 44.2 billion in the year to March 2022, representing 12.4% of New Zealand's national GDP. The regional GDP per filled job
1420-550: The Antarctic continent". The visitors centre draws on the 100 year history of Christchurch as a gateway for operations in Antarctica. In 1998, the centre reported that since the opening in 1992, more than one million people had been through the attraction. Nearly half were from Canterbury . One of the attractions at the centre is the Swedish-made Hägglunds dual-cab all-terrain vehicles used for transport on
1491-532: The Antarctic programmes of New Zealand, the United States and Italy. The second stage of the development was the Antarctic visitor centre, built as a tourism venture in 1992. The architect for the development was Barry Dacombe of Warren & Mahoney , and the main contractor was Armitage Williams Construction. Dacombe describes the visitor centre building as: "a series of fan shaped solids of varying height appearing as large wedges of ice squeezed outwards from
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#17327811568411562-728: The Canterbury Regional Council consists of all the river catchments on the east coast of the South Island from that of the Waiau Toa / Clarence River , north of Kaikōura , to that of the Waitaki River , in South Canterbury. It is New Zealand's largest region by area, with an area of 45,346 km . Canterbury was traditionally bounded in the north by the Conway River , to the west by the Southern Alps , and to
1633-785: The Canterbury region include the Mainland Tactix (netball), Crusaders (rugby) and the Canterbury Kings (cricket). The Crusaders, who play in the Super Rugby competition, are based in Christchurch. They represent Canterbury and other provinces of the upper South Island. They were formerly known as the Canterbury Crusaders . In provincial rugby, Canterbury is represented by three unions; Canterbury , Mid Canterbury and South Canterbury . For historical reasons, players from Kaikōura District still play for
1704-498: The Champion Host Winner and shared the finalist category along with Whale Watch Kaikoura and Canterbury Museum . 43°29′19″S 172°32′49″E / 43.48861°S 172.54694°E / -43.48861; 172.54694 Harewood, New Zealand Harewood is a northwestern suburb of Christchurch , New Zealand. The suburb is split by State Highway 1 , with the bulk of Harewood's residential areas to
1775-406: The International Antarctic Centre for four years, led a management buy-out of the operation. The land and buildings remained the property of the airport. In November 2011, Christchurch International Airport announced that it had purchased the International Antarctic Centre from Richard Benton, who had owned the business for the preceding 11 years. In October 2015, the International Antarctic Centre
1846-638: The International Antarctic Centre won the visitor attraction category in the New Zealand Tourism Awards. It was also a finalist in 1998. On 24 September 2009, at the Canterbury Champion Awards Dinner, it was announced that the International Antarctic Centre had been judged the overall winner in the Champion Host – medium, large enterprise category. The International Antarctic Centre was recognised as
1917-596: The Marlborough Rugby Union, which is part of the Tasman Provincial team (Nelson/Marlborough Unions combined). Other sporting teams include the Mainland Tactix (netball), Canterbury United FC (football) and Canterbury Rams (basketball). Christchurch has hosted many international competitions including championship events. A particularly notable international event was the 1974 Commonwealth Games . There are many outdoor sportsgrounds and
1988-739: The North Island, in the early 19th century. In 1848, Edward Gibbon Wakefield , a Briton, and John Robert Godley , an Anglo-Irish aristocrat, founded the Canterbury Association to establish an Anglican colony in the South Island . The colony was based upon theories developed by Wakefield while in prison for eloping with a woman not-of-age. Due to ties to the University of Oxford , the Canterbury Association succeeded in raising sufficient funds and recruiting middle-class and upper-class settlers. In April 1850,
2059-567: The Pacific Islands and eastern Asia. Timaru's Richard Pearse Airport serves South Canterbury with daily flights to Wellington . Canterbury is served by 292 primary and secondary schools, educating around 94,000 students from ages 5 to 18. Around 13 percent of students attend state-integrated schools and 5 percent attend private schools, with the remaining 82 percent attending state schools. Christchurch and Timaru have single-sex state secondary schools. Canterbury has two universities:
2130-821: The US Navy until 1998, when the US Department of Defense and the National Science Foundation agreed to transfer logistical support to the US Department of the Air Force . Christchurch Airport remains a base for direct flights to Antarctica, and the city is one of only five in the world with such links. The International Antarctic Centre was built by the Christchurch Airport company , after agreements were reached between
2201-498: The aftershocks. Many residents in and around the hillside suburb of Sumner self-evacuated. Further damage was reported to buildings inside the cordoned central business district, with an estimate of 75 additional buildings needing demolition. Among the buildings further damaged was the Christchurch Cathedral, which lost its iconic rose window . There was one death and multiple injuries. The area administered by
International Antarctic Centre - Misplaced Pages Continue
2272-762: The airport, the New Zealand DSIR Antarctic Division and the United States National Science Foundation. In 1990, after the plans for the centre were approved, the New Zealand Government provided a grant for international promotional work to raise the profile of Christchurch as an Antarctic gateway city, with the International Antarctic Centre as a focus. The centre was developed in two stages. The first stage opened in September 1990, providing an office and warehouse storage facility for
2343-451: The amount of forest on Banks Peninsula has increased. The amount of dairy farming is increasing with a corresponding increase in demand for water. Water use is now becoming a contentious issue in Canterbury. Lowland rivers and streams are generally polluted and some of the aquifers are being overdrawn. The Central Plains Water scheme is a proposal for water storage that has attracted much controversy. The Canterbury Water Management Strategy
2414-535: The census question. In the 2013 census, just under 20 percent of Canterbury's population was born overseas, compared to 25 percent for New Zealand as a whole. The British Isles remains the largest region of origin, accounting for 36.5 percent of the overseas-born population in Canterbury. Around a quarter of Canterbury's overseas-born population at the 2013 Census had been living in New Zealand for less than five years, and 11 percent had been living in New Zealand for less than two years (i.e. they moved to New Zealand after
2485-444: The centre. A penguin encounter opened at the centre in 2006, and by January 2008, the annual visitor numbers had grown to 246,000. Work had also commenced on producing a short film about Antarctica, to be shown in the centre on the largest high-definition screen in the South Island. In October 2008, the first Little blue penguin chick was born at the centre. The Christchurch earthquake of 22 February 2011 caused major disruption to
2556-708: The centre. There is also a little blue penguins exhibit. The centre is set up for taking in penguins from the wild that are in need of help. Christchurch has a long history of association with travel to Antarctica. The first British Antarctic expedition by Robert Falcon Scott visited Christchurch in November–December 1901 with the vessel RRS Discovery , on the voyage to Antartica. Ernest Shackelton also visited Christchurch from November 1907 to January 1908 with his expedition vessel Nimrod . Robert Falcon Scott visited Christchurch again in October–November 1910 in
2627-494: The city was disrupted. Christchurch residents reported chimneys falling in through roofs, cracked ceilings and collapsed brick walls. A local state of emergency was declared at 10:16 am on 4 September for the city, and evacuations of parts were planned to begin later in the day. People inside the Christchurch city centre were evacuated, and the city's central business district remained closed until 5 September. A curfew from 7 pm on 4 September to 7 am on 5 September
2698-467: The development of oceans and then life itself. The region is a part of the larger Zealandia continent, itself a part of the larger Australian and Pacific tectonic plates. In the first instance, the land is based upon the constructive tectonic forces of this convergent and transformational tectonic plate boundary. In the second instance, the erosive forces of rain, snow, ice, and rock grinding against rock have developed large gravel fans that extend out from
2769-399: The east of the highway and its industrial areas to the west. Harewood statistical area, which does not include Christchurch Airport or the industrial area north of SH1, covers 3.79 km (1.46 sq mi). It had an estimated population of 1,430 as of June 2024, with a population density of 377 people per km . Harewood had a population of 1,386 at the 2018 New Zealand census ,
2840-616: The establishment of research stations in Antarctica in preparation for the International Geophysical Year. A fleet of specially prepared aircraft were selected by the US Navy to provide air support for the programme. The aircraft were based at Wigram and Harewood airports in Christchurch. The first landing on the ice was on 31 October 1956. The logistical support for the US Antarctic programme, including its base at Christchurch airport, continued to be led by
2911-570: The first rugby club in 1863. Interest in organised sports has diversified and now includes a wide range of codes. In 2022, the top five sporting codes in Canterbury based on club membership were netball , touch rugby , rugby union, golf and cricket. There are around 1,200 sports clubs and associations in Christchurch, and in 2022 there were 140,000 affiliated members. Most of the sporting codes remain amateur, and rely upon volunteers as administrators and officials. However, there are some professional teams. Notable teams representing Christchurch or
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2982-480: The governing National Party (as part of the coalition-led Sixth National Government of New Zealand ) Vanessa Weenink , Hamish Campbell , and Matt Doocey . Meanwhile, the Christchurch Central , Christchurch East , and Wigram electorates are currently held by opposition ( Labour Party ) members Duncan Webb , Reuben Davidson , and Megan Woods respectively. In contrast to Christchurch, much of
3053-406: The ice. The vehicles at the International Antarctic Centre are similar to those used in Antarctic operations, but have been adapted for the visitor experience at the centre. The first Hägglunds arrived in 1999, and in the next 12 months, more than 27,000 people took a ride around the visitor centre in the vehicle. In 2001, a second Hägglunds all-terrain vehicle was added to the attraction, along with
3124-504: The largest region in the country by area. It is home to a population of 694,400 (June 2024). The region in its current form was established in 1989 during nationwide local government reforms. The Kaikōura District joined the region in 1992 following the abolition of the Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council. Christchurch , the South Island's largest city and the country's second-largest urban area,
3195-553: The middle part of the South Island, stretching from the east coast to the west coast. The province was abolished, along with other provinces of New Zealand, when the Abolition of the Provinces Act came into force on 1 November 1876. The modern Canterbury Region has slightly different boundaries, particularly in the north, where it includes some districts from the old Nelson Province . A magnitude 7.1 earthquake occurred in
3266-553: The minds of many people. In 2006, the Banks Peninsula District was merged into Christchurch City following a 2005 referendum. The Canterbury Region is covered by ten general electorates and one Māori electorate. The city of Christchurch as a whole consists of five of these electorates, while the electorate of Waimakariri contains a mix of Christchurch and exurban Canterbury. The Banks Peninsula , Ilam , and Waimakariri electorates are currently held by members of
3337-407: The mountains. In the third instance, there is volcanism punching through the basement rocks and blanket of sediments to the surface. Upon this solid foundation, and slowly over the billions of years, life made up of a countless generations of interconnected adaptations developed into the unique flora and fauna of Aotearoa/New Zealand. The remnants populations of these unique species are visible today in
3408-441: The nation's supply of wheat, 51.1% of its barley stocks and 43.7% of its supply of oats. Canterbury has 25,065 hectares of horticultural land, the largest area in New Zealand. The largest crops are potatoes (4,330 ha), peas and beans (2,700 ha), wine grapes (1,770 ha), berries (1,100 ha), and onions (1,000 ha). The region produces half of the New Zealand's mushrooms , nuts and berries. The region's viticulture industry
3479-404: The next highest category of regional GDP, at $ 3.67 billion, followed by professional, scientific and technical services at $ 3.64 billion. Agriculture contributed $ 3.26 billion to the regional economy in the year ended March 2022. The agriculture sector is diversified into dairy farming, sheep farming and horticulture particularly viticulture . The strength of the region's agricultural economy
3550-537: The population of Canterbury is 694,400 as of June 2024, which gives a population density of 15.6 people per km . The region is home to 13.0% of New Zealand's population. Canterbury Region had a population of 651,027 in the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 51,333 people (8.6%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 111,594 people (20.7%) since the 2013 census . There were 322,038 males, 326,082 females and 2,907 people of other genders in 251,661 dwellings. 3.7% of people identified as LGBTIQ+ . The median age
3621-607: The province, particularly in Waipara. Like much of the Canterbury-Otago tussock grasslands the Canterbury Plains have been highly modified since human settlement and now support a large agricultural industry. Prior to the arrival of Māori settlers in the 13th century, much of the modern Canterbury region was covered in scrub and beech forests. Forest fires destroyed much of the original forest cover which
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#17327811568413692-519: The publicly protected conservation lands. The species of Waitaha/Canterbury were adapted to the climate and geography that traverses inland from the coastline to the highest peaks, and from the warmer climes in the north to the colder in the south. Canterbury has been populated by a succession of Māori peoples over the centuries. When European settlers arrived, it was occupied by Ngāi Tahu , whose numbers had been greatly reduced by warfare, among themselves and with Te Rauparaha and his Ngāti Toa from
3763-415: The region on Saturday 4 September 2010, at 04:35 am. The epicentre was located 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Christchurch; 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south-east of Darfield , and had a depth of 10 kilometres (6.2 mi). The earthquake caused widespread damage to buildings and power outages, but no direct fatalities. Sewers were damaged, gas and water lines were broken, and power to up to 75% of
3834-614: The ship Terra Nova on his ill-fated expedition . In the early 1950s, planning began for a period of geophysical research known as the International Geophysical Year . The years 1957-58 were selected, and the focus included the Antarctic continent. On 1 February 1955, the US Navy established the US Naval Support Force, Antarctica, as part of its Atlantic fleet . This was the beginnings of what became known as Operation Deep Freeze , and led to
3905-783: The south by the Waitaki River . The area is commonly divided into North Canterbury (north of the Rakaia River to the Conway River), Mid Canterbury (from the Rakaia River to the Rangitata River ), South Canterbury (south of the Rangitata River to the Waitaki River) and Christchurch City. Canterbury Region covers 44,503.60 km (17,182.94 sq mi). Statistics New Zealand estimates
3976-504: The suburb. The airport is the second-busiest in New Zealand after only Auckland Airport , bringing approximately 6.9 million passengers through Harewood in 2019. As a result of the airport, Harewood is also home to many freight and other industrial businesses which rely upon proximity to the airport, as well as rental car and campervan companies. The suburb is also home to the International Antarctic Centre ,
4047-654: The surrounding Canterbury region is dominated by the National Party due to its ties to rural farming and business interests. The large Kaikōura electorate covers all of the Marlborough Region and northern Canterbury and is represented by National MP Stuart Smith . The substantial Waitaki electorate, held by National MP Miles Anderson , covers most of South Canterbury and neighbouring North Otago . Rangitata and Selwyn are held by National members James Meager and Nicola Grigg respectively. Under
4118-483: The tourism sector in the city. Visits to Christchurch dropped by 1 million visitor-nights in the year to February 2022. Prior to the earthquake, over 80% of visitors to the International Antarctic Centre were from other countries, but the numbers dropped significantly after the earthquake. The centre changed its marketing focus to attract more local visitors, and introduced annual passes and heavily discounted tickets for families. These initiatives were successful, and during
4189-566: The winter school holiday period in 2012, up to half of all visitors to the centre were from the local Canterbury region. From the time of its original establishment, the International Antarctic Centre was owned by the Christchurch Airport company, which in turn was 75 per cent owned by the council's Christchurch City Holdings Ltd and 25 per cent owned by the Government. However, in 2000, Richard Benton, who had been manager of
4260-445: Was $ 126,733, 4.6% below the national average of $ 132,815. For the year ended March 2022, the manufacturing industry was the largest contributor to the Canterbury regional economy, at $ 4.1 billion. Primary manufacturing (the process of creating a product from raw materials) represented $ 2.48 billion of the total. Manufacturing industries in the region employed 10.6% of the filled jobs in the region. The construction sector represented
4331-478: Was $ 29,900 per annum, $ 100 more than the median income for the whole of Christchurch city. Harewood School is a contributing primary school catering for years 1 to 6. It had a roll of 172 as of August 2024. The school opened in 1862. Canterbury Region Canterbury ( Māori : Waitaha ) is a region of New Zealand, located in the central-eastern South Island . The region covers an area of 44,503.88 square kilometres (17,183.04 sq mi), making it
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#17327811568414402-467: Was $ 37,800, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 309 people (25.9%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 561 (47.1%) people were employed full-time, 210 (17.6%) were part-time, and 30 (2.5%) were unemployed. In addition to State Highway 1 passing through the suburb, Harewood is a major transport hub for Christchurch and the South Island owing to Christchurch International Airport sitting within
4473-648: Was $ 41,400, compared with $ 41,500 nationally. 57,885 people (10.8%) earned over $ 100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 274,113 (51.0%) people were employed full-time, 79,245 (14.7%) were part-time, and 12,546 (2.3%) were unemployed. People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 80.3% European ( Pākehā ); 10.6% Māori ; 3.7% Pasifika ; 13.3% Asian ; 1.6% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 2.5% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English
4544-411: Was 21.9, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 43.1% had no religion, 49.1% were Christian , 0.4% were Hindu , 1.5% were Buddhist and 0.9% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 321 (27.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 159 (13.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
4615-454: Was 39.1 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 113,751 people (17.5%) aged under 15 years, 125,919 (19.3%) aged 15 to 29, 297,834 (45.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 113,520 (17.4%) aged 65 or older. Of those at least 15 years old, 101,367 (18.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 279,984 (52.1%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 124,818 (23.2%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income
4686-521: Was bought by tourism company Real Journeys . Along with Real Journeys, the International Antarctic Centre became part of the privately-owned Wayfare Group, subsequently re-branded as RealNZ . In July 2023, RealNZ announced that they intended to sell the International Antarctic Centre. In October 2024 it was announced that the facility had been sold to the owners of the Willowbank Wildlife Reserve for an undisclosed sum. In 1997,
4757-474: Was centred just to the north of Lyttelton, 10 kilometres south-east of Christchurch, at a depth of 5 km. Although lower on the moment magnitude scale than the quake of September 2010, the intensity and violence of the ground shaking was measured to be VIII on the MMI , which is among the strongest ever recorded globally in an urban area due to the shallowness and proximity of the epicentre. The quake struck on
4828-483: Was established by French settlers in Akaroa . Since then, wine-growing is concentrated into two regions: Waipara and Burnham . Recently, there have been vintages from plantings from Kurow further to the south. White wine has typically predominated in Canterbury from Riesling , Sauvignon blanc , Chardonnay , Gewürztraminer , and to a lesser extent Pinot blanc and Pinot gris . Pinot noir has had some success in
4899-477: Was put in place. The New Zealand Army was deployed to assist police and enforce the curfew. There were 63 reported aftershocks in the first 48 hours, with three registering 5.2 magnitude. The total insurance costs of the event were estimated as up to $ 11 billion, according to the New Zealand Treasury. A large aftershock of magnitude 6.3 occurred on 22 February 2011 at 12:51 pm. It
4970-557: Was spoken by 96.3%, Māori language by 2.1%, Samoan by 1.0% and other languages by 13.8%. No language could be spoken by 2.0% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.6%. The percentage of people born overseas was 24.6, compared with 28.8% nationally. Religious affiliations were 32.2% Christian , 1.7% Hindu , 1.0% Islam , 0.3% Māori religious beliefs , 0.8% Buddhist , 0.5% New Age , 0.1% Jewish , and 1.7% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 55.1%, and 6.8% of people did not answer
5041-473: Was succeeded by tussock grassland. By the 19th century, only ten percent of this forest cover remained, and the European settlers introduced several new exotic grass , lupin , pine and macrocarpa that gradually supplanted the native vegetation. Much of the native vegetation was isolated to the alpine zones and Banks Peninsula. From a minimum of about one percent of its original forest cover in circa 1900,
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