131-654: Indiana University South Bend ( IU South Bend or IUSB ) is a public university in South Bend, Indiana . It is the third largest and northernmost campus of Indiana University . Indiana University began offering classes in South Bend in 1922 as an extension of the main campus of Indiana University Bloomington . In the Great Depression, the superintendent of South Bend schools asked that more classes be added for those who could not afford to attend classes at
262-682: A $ 22 million renovation, it is now known as the Education and Arts Building. Child Development Center : In its early days, the Child Development Center was known as the Day Care Center. It has had three locations: in 1970 at 114 Ironwood Avenue; in 1982 it moved to 1101 East Jefferson Avenue; and in 1986 it came to the IU South Bend campuses and was then renamed the Child Development Center. Fine Arts Building
393-417: A big screen TV, study areas, and laundry facilities. The property is monitored 24 hours a day, seven days a week by IU South Bend Police Department; as well, resident assistants live on-site. A supermarket, pharmacy, and several restaurants are within walking distance. Shopping, museums, and theatres are available by public transportation. The Indiana–South Bend (IU South Bend or IUSB) athletic teams are called
524-462: A mayor and a city council. The mayor is elected in a citywide vote. The city council consists of nine members—six are elected from individual districts, while three are elected at large. Three school districts serve sections of Elkhart: In addition to the public schools, four private religious schools serve the city. Elkhart Christian Academy (grades K-12), Trinity Lutheran School (K-8), St. Vincent de Paul Catholic School (grades K-8), and St. Thomas
655-733: A pro- Whig newspaper, the St. Joseph Valley Register . He was a member of the state constitutional convention of 1850, at which he opposed the barring of African American migration to Indiana. He joined the Republican Party , like many Whigs of his day, and was elected to Congress in 1855, becoming Speaker of the House in 1863 during the administration of Abraham Lincoln . In 1868, he was elected vice president under Ulysses S. Grant . Colfax returned to South Bend after his stint in Washington and
786-547: A rival town named Elkhart. The town of Elkhart was first plotted with 48 lots on April 30, 1832. In 1839, the Pulaski Post Office was officially changed to Elkhart. Elkhart County was founded exclusively by immigrants from New England . These were old-stock " Yankee " immigrants, that is to say, they were descended from the English Puritans who settled New England in the 1600s. The completion of
917-400: A softball complex, two skateparks, greenways, and the downtown riverwalk, which now features an ice-skating/roller-blading path (depending on the time of year). The NIBCO Water and Ice Park in downtown Elkhart was dedicated in 2007. It is a year-round park with an ice skating path in the winter and a splash pad in the summer. A spray park was built at McNaughton Park in 2007. Rainbow Park
1048-655: A student voice for the administration. The Student Government Judicial Council interprets and provides guidance on the SGA Constitution and Policies, consisting of a chief justice and four associate justices. Titan Productions is a student organization funded through the Student Activity Fee (SAF) whose purpose is to plan and present non-academic entertainment and programs primarily for the student body of IU South Bend. The organization hosts movie nights and special entertainment on campus. IU South Bend
1179-486: A variety of on- and off-campus activities sponsored by the university. More than 100 clubs and student organizations exist, including the Student Government Association, Titan Productions, political and spiritual groups. The Student Government Association (SGA) consists of 12 senators, a president, a vice president, a secretary, and a treasurer. SGA allocates student activity funds and serves as
1310-693: Is mihšiiwiateehi ("elk's heart"). Later in the 18th century the area was inhabited by the Potawatomi ; in the Potawatomi language , the place is likewise known as mzewəodeʔig , "at the elk heart". The name may reflect a prehistoric association of the Elkhart area with the Kaskaskia people , whom the Miami called "elk hearts". The Kaskaskia are not associated with the area in any historical records, however, having been pushed further south and west by
1441-529: Is a curriculum based library designed to support the Indiana University South Bend School of Education by providing core collection educational materials for pre-service and practicing preschool through 12th grade teachers. IU South Bend's enrollment in the fall semester of 2013 was 7,512 undergraduate students and 561 graduate students with a total of 8,073, of whom 69.1 percent were full-time. Females account for 62 percent of
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#17327979051011572-528: Is a well known sculptor in the United States. Several of his pieces are strewn throughout the campus. Frances Sherwood , a notable writer, is author of the novel Vindication . In addition, recent examples of IU South Bend faculty scholarship receiving international recognition include Fred Naffziger's extensive commentary on the BBC , NBC , NPR , Wall Street Journal , NY Times , and USA Today regarding
1703-556: Is buried in City Cemetery, west of downtown. During the late 1830s through the 1850s, much of South Bend's development centered on the industrial complex of factories located on the two races (man-made canals along the St. Joseph River in South Bend). Several dams were created and factories were built on each side of the river. On October 4, 1851, the first steam locomotive entered South Bend. This shifted commerce from
1834-449: Is held annually in South Bend. It is hosted by Pulse FM, a local Christian music radio station. The event is an annual Contemporary Christian music festival, attracting more than 50,000 visitors each year. In 2013, a new annual festival began in South Bend called South by South Bend, named after the famous South By Southwest of Austin, Texas. The festival is a celebration of the local music scene, with local bands and artists performing on
1965-519: Is home to several active Greek organizations: Alpha Sigma Phi , Alpha Sigma Tau and Theta Phi Alpha . IU South Bend has a weekly student publication called The Preface . The university also publishes the annual Undergraduate Research Journal, New Views on Gender, and an award-winning literary magazine, Analecta. The Office of Student Services provides on-campus career placement center, child development center, and learning and writing centers, which offer free, on-site tutoring. Fall 2008 marked
2096-617: Is known as one of the premier Jazz festivals in the nation. In 2007, the festival celebrated its 20th anniversary. Each June, the Elkhart Parks and Recreation Department presents Rhapsody Arts & Music Festival (formally called Rhapsody in Green). It is a weekend event put on at the city's Island Park. It is a typical summer festival with live music and food. Also, the Elkhart Air Show was an annual event that took place at
2227-499: Is located 5 mi (8.0 km) from the Michigan border and approximately equidistant from Illinois and Ohio . The city is 93 mi (150 km) from Chicago. The shore of Lake Michigan is 20 mi (32 km) away. According to the 2010 census, South Bend has a total area of 41.877 square miles (108.46 km ), of which 41.46 square miles (107.38 km ) (or 99%) is land and 0.417 square miles (1.08 km ) (or 1%)
2358-500: Is notable because it is both a park and a residential front yard. It is a popular recreation destination for the house owners and their houseguests. Wellfield Botanic Gardens on North Main Street is a 36-acre "living museum" offering over 20 individually themed gardens and public events throughout the year. The mayor of Elkhart is Rod Roberson, a Democrat, and the first African American to be elected mayor. The government consists of
2489-404: Is one of the largest university library systems in the country. Students and faculty can request materials from any of the eight IU Libraries. The Hammes Information Commons on the first floor houses a computer laboratory, as well as equipment for those with disabilities. The library also includes The Wiekamp Educational Resource Commons, located centrally in the Education & Arts Building. It
2620-706: Is operated by Indiana Michigan Power, a subsidiary of American Electric Power . In 1889, the world's second electric streetcar system began operating on the city's streets. It has since been decommissioned. The Beardsley Avenue Historic District , Albert R. Beardsley House , Dr. Havilah Beardsley House , Emmanuel C. Bickel House , Bridge Street Bridge , Charles Gerard Conn Mansion , Elkhart Downtown Commercial Historic District , Green Block , William and Helen Koerting House , Lerner Theatre , Mark L. and Harriet E. Monteith House , Morehous Residential Historic District , State Street-Division Street Historic District , and Young Women's Christian Association are listed on
2751-410: Is part of a partnership between the city, General Electric, Great Lakes Capital, Indiana Michigan Power, University of Notre Dame, and the state of Indiana. Redevelopment is underway for some of the abandoned industrial facilities, with the abandoned Oliver Corporation buildings being the most recent example of reclaimed property. The city also faced programs with large swaths of vacant housing after
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#17327979051012882-603: Is part of the South Bend-Elkhart-Mishawaka Combined Statistical Area , in a region commonly known as Michiana . The population was 53,923 at the 2020 census. Despite the shared name and being the most populous city in the county, it is not the county seat of Elkhart County; that position is held by the city of Goshen , located about 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Elkhart. When the Northwest Territory
3013-496: Is stated to resemble an elk's heart. According to the 2010 census, Elkhart has a total area of 24.417 square miles (63.24 km ), of which 23.45 square miles (60.74 km ) (or 96.04%) is land and 0.967 square miles (2.50 km ) (or 3.96%) is water. The city sits on the St. Joseph and Elkhart Rivers . The Elkhart River drains into the St. Joseph at Island Park just north of downtown. There are also numerous small lakes around
3144-535: Is the Concord Mall , located on the city's south side. A second shopping mall, Pierre Moran Mall, was partially demolished in 2006 for a new development called Woodland Crossing. Elkhart is best known for two industries: recreational vehicles and musical instruments (for example, Stephanhöuser Saxophones ). For decades, it has been referenced as the "RV Capital of the World" and the "Band Instrument Capital of
3275-565: Is the public name of the Northern Indiana Historical Society, the second-oldest historical society in Indiana, established in 1867 to collect and interpret the history of the northern Indiana region by St. Joseph County's leading citizens. The Oliver Mansion (also known by its original name, Copshaholm) is one of the central features of the museum. The 38-room mansion was built in 1895 and is currently listed in
3406-414: Is water. The St. Joseph River flows from the east end of the city turning north near the city center, giving South Bend its name at the bend in the river. South Bend is located on the north–south continental divide, and the river flows northwest into Lake Michigan. The downtown area is located in the north-central part of the city along the St. Joseph River. Notre Dame, Indiana , is directly adjacent to
3537-722: The American Civil War . Industrial growth was rapid after the Civil War, most notably with the Studebaker wagon factory, and the Oliver plow company . Good jobs and high wages attracted immigrants from Europe, especially Germans, Irish, and Poles. The majority were Catholic, and they achieved higher rates of social mobility than the same ethnic groups in the Northeast . Olivet African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church
3668-498: The Catholic Church 's bankruptcy crises and Ilan Levine's cutting-edge research on astroparticle physics . Rolf Schimmrigk and Monika Lynker are associated with the discovery of mirror symmetry in string theory . Biologist Andrew Schnabel's work with pollen in an East African community is supported by a National Science Foundation grant. Geologist Henry Scott leads a team of scientists responsible for discoveries about
3799-643: The Erie Canal caused a surge in New England immigration to what was then the Northwest Territory . The end of the Black Hawk War led to an additional surge of immigration, once again coming almost exclusively from the six New England states as a result of overpopulation combined with land shortages in that region. Some of these later settlers were from upstate New York and had parents who had moved to that region from New England shortly after
3930-475: The Midwest where they had already been living, particularly the state of Ohio . By the late 19th and early 20th century, musical instrument factories, Miles Medical Company, and numerous mills set up shop and became the base of the economy. In 1934, the first recreational vehicle factory opened in Elkhart. Similar companies followed suit for the remainder of the decade, and the economy continued to grow until
4061-651: The National Register of Historic Places . The name Elkhart is a deliberate misspelling or corruption of "Elks-heart", which refers to the now extinct Eastern elk . The name has been attached to the Elkhart River and surrounding area since at least 1749, when it was recorded in French as Coeur de cerf ("elk's heart") as the name of a Miami village there. The place name in Miami-Illinois
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4192-690: The National Register of Historic Places . The home was built by Joseph Doty Oliver, son of James Oliver, the founder of the Oliver Farm Equipment Company , once the largest plow manufacturer in the United States. In addition to the Oliver Mansion and the Workers Home (a 1920s Polish-American family home), the museum includes areas dedicated to the history of the St. Joseph River Valley, the University of Notre Dame,
4323-783: The Northern League in 2015. The stadium was to be located on the city's southwest side on State Road 19 . As of December 2017, the stadium had not yet been built, and the team was not formed, due to construction delays. As of May 2023, the team is playing out of NorthWood Field of Dreams in Nappanee, IN The Elkhart Express was a semi-professional men's basketball team in the International Basketball League . Their home games were played at North Side Gymnasium , located inside Elkhart's North Side Middle School. The franchise began operation in 2006 and won
4454-764: The Revolutionary War . New Englanders and New England transplants from upstate New York were the vast majority of Elkhart County's inhabitants during the first several decades of its history. These settlers were primarily members of various Protestant religions. Correspondingly, many inhabitants of Elkhart County fought in the Union Army during the Civil War . In the late 1880s and early 1890s Irish and German migrants began moving into Elkhart County, most of these later immigrants did not move directly from Ireland and Germany , but rather from other areas in
4585-621: The Rust Belt designation for the northwestern and midwestern regions of the United States that experienced these effects of deindustrialization . In 1984, South Bend community leaders began seeking a minor-league baseball team for the city. A stadium was constructed in 1986 and a 10-year player-development contract was signed with the Chicago White Sox . The team would be known as the South Bend White Sox. In 1994,
4716-519: The St. Joseph River near its southernmost bend, from which it derives its name. At the 2020 census , the city had a total of 103,453 residents and is the fourth-largest city in Indiana . Located just south of the border with Michigan , South Bend anchors the Michiana region and is 72 miles (116 km) east of downtown Chicago . The metropolitan area had a population of 324,501 in 2020, while its combined statistical area had 812,199. The area
4847-543: The University of Notre Dame just north of the town. It became a major factor in the area's economy and culture. South Bend was incorporated as a city on May 22, 1865, and its first elections were held on June 5, 1865, with William G. George elected as its first mayor The official city motto, "Peace", refers to the fact that incorporation came in the month following the Confederate surrender that effectively ended
4978-537: The census of 2010, there were 101,168 people, 39,760 households, and 23,526 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,440.1 inhabitants per square mile (942.1/km ). There were 46,324 housing units at an average density of 1,117.3 per square mile (431.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 60.5% White , 26.6% African American , 0.5% Native American , 1.3% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 6.9% from other races , and 4.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 13.0% of
5109-469: The 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the city's top employers are: Efforts are under way to spur economic growth in South Bend. The St. Joe Valley Metronet is a 50-mile (80 km) dark fiber optic network that encircles South Bend and Mishawaka that allows for strong telecommunications connectivity. The South Bend Metronet, named Zing, is bringing more high-tech firms to the city and surrounding area. This telecommunications network has allowed for
5240-505: The 25,000-square-foot (2,300 m) Indiana University South Bend Elkhart Center in downtown Elkhart, Indiana . Note: List of buildings at IU South Bend is in chronological order. Northside Hall opened in 1961. Northside includes many classrooms, laboratories, and offices. An underground walking tunnel connects the building to the Franklin D Schultz Library. Northside also houses the school's auditorium stage. Administration Building
5371-775: The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League, and the Kidsfirst Children's Museum. Elkhart, Indiana Elkhart ( / ˈ ɛ l k ɑːr t / EL -kart ) is a city in Elkhart County, Indiana , United States. The city is located 15 miles (24 km) east of South Bend, Indiana . Elkhart has the larger population of the two principal cities of the Elkhart-Goshen Metropolitan Statistical Area, which in turn
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5502-545: The Apostle School (grades K-8) are located in Elkhart. Additionally, Two private secular schools exist: The Montessori School of Elkhart on Montessori Drive runs from pre-K through Grade 6. Cornerstone Christian Montessori School (K-6) The Elkhart Truth is the main newspaper that serves the city of Elkhart and the county. Elkhart lies in the South Bend-Elkhart television market, the 89th largest in
5633-1065: The Associates Corporation in 1975. The Education and Arts Building houses the School of Education, the Ermestine M. Raclin School of the Arts (Fine Arts), and the Dental Hygiene program of the College of Health Sciences. The building also houses classrooms, offices, a 130-seat lecture room, rehearsal and art studios, and the dental clinic. Indiana University South Bend also has a branch of the Purdue University College of Technology. The Franklin D. Schurz Library collection includes nearly 600,000 print books, bound journals, and government publications; over 350,000 e-books, more than 7,700 audio/video recordings;
5764-492: The Bloomington campus. The classes were offered at Central High School in downtown South Bend and within a few years enrollment reached 500. Classes were taught by local high school teachers with master's degrees and occasionally by Bloomington faculty who traveled once a week for class. The university appointed a resident director in 1940. Lynton Keith Caldwell, then a graduate student at the University of Chicago, took on
5895-548: The ELCO in 1934. Ownership switched hands several times, but the end of the Lerner appeared to be in sight when owner William Miller died in 1987. In 1990, the city bought the theater to prevent further deterioration due to vacancy. Also, that year, some locals formed a commission to oversee the restoration. Funding issues led the city to get involved further in the form of getting a federal grant. The grant helped with major upgrades and
6026-575: The Elkhart Municipal Airport at the end of July. It featured a wide variety of airplanes old and new. The event was canceled in 2007 due to financial issues. It is unclear whether the show is on hiatus or gone for good. The city is served by the Elkhart Public Library , which operates four branches. The Elkhart Miracle is a proposed independent minor league baseball team that was scheduled to begin to play in
6157-525: The International Title in 2006 and 2007. The Elkhart Express officially released news that they were folding under bankruptcy on January 5, 2009. In January 2010, head coach and founder Daimon Beathea announced that the Express would return for the 2010 season, but those plans never came to fruition. The city has 35 different facilities including parks, pavilions, a waterpark, a public pool,
6288-580: The Klan, vigorously protested this intrusion, and before noon all of the Klansmen traffic directors had been "unmasked and unrobed." Notre Dame students continued the fight, with several hundred gathering outside of the Klan headquarters, throwing rocks and smashing windows in protest. Local police as well as Notre Dame officials eventually managed to convince them to return to campus. It is said that even legendary football coach Knute Rockne became involved in
6419-656: The Riverlights Music Festival debuted as successor to Sounds by South Bend. The South Bend Museum of Art is located in Century Center in downtown South Bend. The museum was opened to the public in March 1996, and features a variety of artists from South Bend and the Michiana region. Currently, over 850 works are featured in the permanent collection. The museum also offers several classes and workshops for adults and children. The History Museum
6550-752: The Titans. The university competes as a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), primarily competing in the Chicagoland Collegiate Athletic Conference (CCAC) since the 2003–04 academic year. The Titans previously competed as an NAIA Independent from 1987–88 to 2002–03. IU South Bend (IUSB) competes in eight intercollegiate varsity sports: Men's sports include baseball, basketball and golf; while women's sports include basketball, golf, soccer, softball and volleyball. IU South Bend
6681-585: The World". Other notable industries in Elkhart include; pharmaceuticals, electronic components, manufactured housing and mobile homes . Numerous manufacturers of musical instruments and accessories, of which most of the surviving companies have been absorbed into the Conn-Selmer conglomerate, have a long history in the city. Elkhart is also home to the Robert Young Rail Yards, which are the second-largest freight classification yards in
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#17327979051016812-570: The addition to Northside Hall was opened in 1972. The purchase of the Associates Building (now known as the Administration Building) was completed in 1975. Groundbreaking for the Franklin D. Schurz Library was in 1986, and it opened in 1989. Chancellor Wolfson retired in 1987 and H. Daniel Cohen was named chancellor. Cohen concentrated on improving facilities, grounds, and programming. In 1994, the university purchased
6943-638: The adjacent unincorporated area of Notre Dame ). The city hosts several annual festivals. The South Bend International Festival began ten years ago as the South Bend Reggae Festival and now features local and international musical artists who perform in African, Latino, and American cultural styles. Proceeds from the festival are given to the Pangani Foundation of South Bend, which provides medical supplies to hospitals in Malawi . WBYT FM – B100 (Country Station) hosts an Annual All Day Country Concert, with over 37,000 free tickets in early September. The World Pulse Festival, broadcast by LeSEA Broadcasting network,
7074-414: The administration building, and the $ 22 million renovation of the Education and Arts Building. Upon Reck's retirement in Spring 2014, Terry L. Allison became the fifth chancellor of IU South Bend. Previously, Allison served as provost and vice president at Governor's State University in Illinois where he was also a professor of English. IU South Bend is on a pedestrian mall on the St. Joseph River. When
7205-448: The advent of various data centers in South Bend, which serves as a hub between Chicago, Indianapolis, Detroit, and Cincinnati. In 2015, the City of South Bend announced it would provide free wireless internet access via the Metronet in the city's downtown and East Bank areas. The Union Station Technology Center was purchased from the city in 1979 and is currently Northern Indiana's largest data center. There are currently plans to extend
7336-417: The area. In 1820, Pierre Frieschutz Navarre arrived, representing the American Fur Company (AFC) of John Jacob Astor . He settled near what is now downtown South Bend. Alexis Coquillard , another agent of the AFC, established a trading post known as the Big St. Joseph Station. In 1827, Lathrop Minor Taylor established a post for Samuel Hanna and Company, in whose records the name St. Joseph's, Indiana
7467-445: The biggest railroad presence in town, although Elkhart has two other railroads: Shortline-Elkhart and Western (operated by Pioneer Railcorp) and Regional-Grand Elk (operated by Watco). Amtrak has two trains that stop in Elkhart, Lake Shore Limited and Capitol Limited , both of which stop at the Elkhart station . Canadian Pacific runs 6-8 trains through town on Norfolk Southern's trackage. In 1867, Elkhart Hydraulic Company built
7598-404: The bridge began in December 2005 and was completed in September 2006. On September 22, 2006, the Indiana University Board of Trustees voted to approve student housing for IU South Bend, to be located across the river. The housing facilities opened in the fall of 2008, consisting of 400 beds in eight apartment-style units, along with a community building. In August 2007 construction was completed on
7729-428: The campus archives; and special collections such as the James Lewis Casaday Theatre Collection and the Christianson Lincoln Collection. The library subscribes to over 300 databases which provide access to full-text articles and e-books. Nearly all of these electronic resources are accessible from student labs, apartments, offices, and home via the library website. The Schurz Library is part of the IU Libraries system, which
7860-429: The campus opened in the 1960s, it featured two buildings: Northside Hall and Greenlawn Hall, a former tool and die factory. Growing over 50 years, the campus now consists of 11 buildings, including River Crossing student housing, the Franklin D. Schurz Library, the Education and Arts Building, and the 100,000 sq ft (9,300 m) Student Activities Center (SAC). The university also owns 26 acres (110,000 m) on
7991-407: The city and some of its unemployed residents were featured on the February 8, 2009, edition of ABC News . The unemployment rate rebounded over the next decade and has remained below the national average since 2013. In 1884, the Bucklen Opera House opened its doors for the first time, with a seating capacity of 1200. It was common for one performance to take place every week. Elkhart's location on
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#17327979051018122-607: The city and the Urban Enterprise Association. South Bend was influenced by a large influx of Polish Catholic immigrants in the late 19th century. Dyngus Day is widely celebrated on the Monday after Easter and it is the beginning of the city elections campaign season . Fat Tuesday is also celebrated in South Bend, with paczkis being a staple food product in the city for the day. The city and surrounding county have 23 Catholic churches, 11 Catholic schools and three Catholic universities (the University of Notre Dame, Holy Cross College, and Saint Mary's College, all located in
8253-402: The city's jail and harm the rest of the city's African American population. Within a few days, over a thousand African Americans fled the city. In 1924, the Ku Klux Klan held a conference and planned a parade from its local headquarters at 230 S. Michigan St. In preparation, Klan members were posted around town to direct traffic. Notre Dame students, well aware of the anti-Catholic nature of
8384-434: The city. Elkhart has a humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfa ), with cold, snowy winters and warm, humid summers. Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race. As of the census of 2010, there were 50,949 people, 19,261 households, and 11,942 families residing in
8515-425: The city. The population density was 2,172.7 inhabitants per square mile (838.9/km ). There were 22,699 housing units at an average density of 968.0 per square mile (373.7/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 66.1% White , 15.4% African American , 0.6% Native American , 0.9% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 12.9% from other races , and 4.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 22.5% of
8646-458: The city. The population density was 2,428.0 inhabitants per square mile (937.5/km ). There were 21,688 housing units at an average density of 1,015.1 per square mile (391.9/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 71.5% White (predominantly German American ), 14.7% African American , 0.4% Native American , 1.2% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 9.2% from other races , and 2.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.8% of
8777-594: The climate of South Bend, including lake effect snow in winter and a tendency to moderate temperatures year round. June, July and August are the warmest months, with average temperatures above 69 °F (21 °C). Normally, 42 days with thunderstorms occur each year. The snowiest month is usually January, with snowfall normally recorded from October through April. On average, South Bend receives 64.5 inches (164 cm) of snow per year. Spring and fall can be mild and overcast, but also severely stormy at times with 293 partly cloudy to cloudy days each year. As of
8908-399: The coming of the next 150 years of South Bend's heritage accompanied by five previous South Bend mayors: Steve Luecke, Joe Kernan, Roger Parent, Peter Nemeth and Jerry Miller. In 2015, the city's population increased by 286, the largest one-year growth in over twenty years. The former Studebaker plant has been developed as the Ignition Park center to attract new businesses, especially in
9039-542: The construction of the building. Other monies were provided by rental income from the Associates Building's computer facility and the Indiana state bonding authority. In addition, then library director, James Mullins made significant efforts towards the building of the new library (note: this marked the library as having its own building for the first time- having moved out of Northside Hall). Architects were Edward Larrabee Barnes and John M.Y. Lee Architects. Purdue Technology Building : The Purdue Technology Building dedication
9170-439: The conversion of one-way streets to two-way streets, to bring more businesses to the area, create shorter travel routes, and to reduce speeding. The other part of the initiative is the West Side Main Streets Plan, a revitalization plan for the Lincoln Way West and Western Avenue corridor focusing on guiding business owners, residents, and developers to improve the street front by offering a reimbursement on exterior improvements from
9301-423: The county seat and as one of the four original townships of St. Joseph County with 128 residents. That same year, Horatio Chapin moved to the settlement, opened the first general store with imported (out of state) goods and helped established the first church and Sunday school. Around the same time, design began on what would become the town of South Bend. The town was formally established in 1835, with Chapin as
9432-519: The data center into a fully operating high-tech data hub in the old Studebaker "Ivy Tower" assembly plant next door, creating what will be called the Renaissance District. Innovation Park and Ignition Park, dual-certified technology parks, have attracted technology businesses to South Bend. Located across the street from the University of Notre Dame, Innovation Park was completed in 2009 and houses innovative researchers from companies and
9563-559: The decline of the manufacturing industry. In 2013, 1,347 homes were vacant or abandoned. The city created the Vacant and Abandoned Properties Initiative in February 2013, which aimed to take care of 1,000 vacant or abandoned homes in 1,000 days, either through demolition, repairs, or some other satisfactory means. The Smart Street Initiative, a 20-year plan to make the city safer for pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists, began in 2013 with
9694-503: The end of 2011. Bosch vacated the building entirely in October 2012. Curtis Products of South Bend moved into the building in May 2013. Since the 1960s, education, health care, and small business have come to the forefront of South Bend's economy, though the city has never regained the level of prosperity it enjoyed before that time. Nearby University of Notre Dame is a large contributor to
9825-594: The facilities were torn down while just a few buildings remained, mostly unused. Manufacturers in Elkhart include Forest River Inc , Hy-Line, Keystone , and Thor Motor Coach . NIBCO INC. (Northern Indiana Brass Company), has called Elkhart home for over 100 years and is now a fifth-generation family business. NIBCO Inc. manufactures and markets flow control products. Elkhart Brass Manufacturing manufactures fire-fighting equipment. The unemployment rate reached 18.8% in April 2009 and due to Elkhart's economic troubles,
9956-432: The first hydraulic dam across the St. Joseph River which would power the city's machinery. Unfortunately, the hydraulics were prone to flooding as was common in those days, the wooden structures were eventually destroyed by fire. The hydraulics were purchased by the Indiana & Michigan Electric Company and they soon reconstructed the dam and by 1913, it powered the city. Today, the dam still produces electric power and
10087-475: The first president of the board of town trustees. In 1856, attorney Andrew Anderson, Chapin's son-in-law, founded May Oberfell Lorber, the oldest continuous business in St. Joseph County. He compiled a complete index of South Bend's real estate records. In 1841, Schuyler Colfax was appointed St. Joseph County deputy auditor. Colfax purchased the South Bend Free Press and then turned it into
10218-503: The first semester of which the university offered student housing. The River Crossing Apartments are located along the St. Joseph River. They are a short walk across the pedestrian bridge from campus classes, the Franklin D. Schurz Library, and Northside Hall. The housing complex includes walking trails, bicycle paths, and recreational fields. As of 2013–2014, 5.5 percent of the student body lived in college-owned housing. The housing community center features wireless internet, computer kiosks,
10349-630: The first sit-in strike in American history in 1936. Fast development led to the creation of electric rail transportation throughout the area, and in 1925, the South Shore interurban streetcar service was established from downtown South Bend to downtown Chicago. The South Shore line still runs daily to and from Chicago and also is a major freight carrier in the area. On June 30, 1934, the Merchants National Bank in South Bend
10480-485: The first time that IU South Bend students had standalone on-campus housing. the land is directly across the St. Joseph River from the campus, connected by a pedestrian bridge. The land, the former Playland Park (23 acres) had been purchased in 1994. Education and Arts Building : The Associates Building underwent a $ 22 million facelift beginning in June 2011. The 125,000-square-foot building was built in 1958 and purchased from
10611-460: The following ancestries were reported: African-American - 26%, German - 14.8%, Irish - 10.4%, Polish - 8.2%, English - 5.0%, American - 3.3%, Italian - 2.6%, Hungarian - 2.4%, French - 2.0%, Dutch - 1.4%, Swedish - 1.1%, Belgian - 0.9%. South Bend's location on the St. Joseph River led to an industrial-based economy in the late 19th century and early-to-mid-20th century. In 1923, industrialist and entrepreneur Vincent H. Bendix selected South Bend as
10742-512: The formation of methane gas. Archaeological anthropologist and social informatics professor Joshua J. Wells helps lead the Digital Index of North American Archaeology project with assistance from multiple National Science Foundation awards as well as from the federal Institute for Museum and Library Services . South Bend, Indiana South Bend is a city in and the county seat of St. Joseph County, Indiana , United States, on
10873-610: The former Playland Park, a 26.5-acre parcel on the south side of the St. Joseph River. Playland had been an amusement park, a golf course, and a ballpark. Cohen resigned in 1995 as a result of sexual harassment allegations against him, and long-time history professor, Lester C. Lamon, assumed the position of acting chancellor for two years until Kenneth L. Perrin was named chancellor. During Perrin's tenure, two major projects were completed. Wiekamp Hall opened in 1998. The building provided much needed classroom, computer lab, and office space. The $ 15.7 million Student Activities Center (SAC)
11004-403: The hiring of full-time staff. The ELCO was renamed The Lerner when it reopened after an $ 18 million renovation and expansion in June 2011. It is now used for a wide range of concerts, special events, and local productions. There are many different museums located in the city. The Elkhart Jazz Festival is a three-day event that takes place in late June on the banks of the Elkhart River . It
11135-584: The job. In 1941, Ernest Gerkin was named the first permanent full-time faculty member. Donald Carmony became the director from 1944 to 1950, followed by Jack Detzler, who remained in the job until 1964. In 1961 the first IU South Bend building was constructed on newly acquired land on the north shore of the St. Joseph River. It was first named the IU Center. In 1962 it was renamed the South Bend-Mishawaka Campus. In 1965, Lester M. Wolfson
11266-689: The local economy. The university is the second largest employer in the city and in St. Joseph County, employing 6,086 people. Health care is another major contributor to the South Bend economy. In 2012, Memorial Health System announced that it was merging with Elkhart General Hospital, located in Elkhart County, to form Beacon Health System. Beacon is the largest employer in the city and in St. Joseph County, employing 7,088 people. Other notable businesses include Honeywell , Bosch, and PEI Genesis. AM General , Crowe Horwath , and Tire Rack all have corporate headquarters in South Bend. According to
11397-693: The making, and had been the subject of the Indiana Supreme Court case Vandalia Railroad v. South Bend, which was subsequently affirmed by the Supreme Court of the United States . In 1949, legendary percussionist Lionel Hampton was informed that his concert at South Bend's Palais du Royale would be a blacks-only event; he threatened to call for a boycott of the venue, and the affair proceeded as an integrated evening, which newspapers said led to all attendees breaking out in "paroxysms of ecstasy." By 1950, more than half of all employment
11528-447: The median income for a family was $ 40,514. Males had a median income of $ 30,674 versus $ 22,760 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 17,890. About 11.1% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line , including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over. Due to its proximity to the South Bend metropolitan area, the city's commercial sectors are small. The city's main shopping mall
11659-462: The multi-national Toradze Piano Studio at IUSB. The Toradze studio has received high praise for their contributions to the piano world, and has developed into a worldwide touring ensemble that has gathered critical acclaim on an international level. Lester Lamon is a nationally known civil rights historian and author. Harold Zisla (1925–2016) was a regionally important art educator and abstract expressionist painter. Tuck Langland , who recently retired,
11790-488: The north. The city extends further north on the west side, mainly with manufacturing and distribution facilities near the South Bend International Airport . Mishawaka , Indiana, is adjacent to South Bend's east side. Notable neighborhoods in the city include: South Bend has a humid continental climate , with a Köppen climate classification of Dfa. Lake Michigan exerts a great influence on
11921-642: The opportunity to take courses in their field in South Bend. The IU School of Medicine began offering classes in South Bend in 1968. IU South Bend Elkhart Center was completed in 2007, providing a permanent base and presence in Elkhart, Indiana. It is a 25,000 square feet building located in downtown Elkhart. The IU South Bend Elkhart Center offers credit classes year-round; the Elkhart Center had previously been housed in rented space. River Crossing Campus Apartments were dedicated in August 2008. This marked
12052-619: The opposite end. By the end of World War II , manufacturing began to diminish. The Studebaker plant, which had at one time employed 45,000 persons, closed in 1963; its engine block plant shuttered the following year. Parts of the Bendix factory complex were later acquired and divided between Honeywell Corporation and Bosch Corporation, respectively. Honeywell Aerospace continues to manufacture aviation products at its former Bendix facility. In 2010, Bosch announced that it would cease all operations at its Bendix plant location in South Bend by
12183-460: The park grounds and other public venues around the city. The goals of the festival include strengthening the bond between the communities of South Bend and Notre Dame, supporting local artistic expression, and promoting local business. In 2015, the festival was renamed Sounds by South Bend, to avoid confusion with the Austin festival and to more accurately represent the purpose of the event. In 2016,
12314-402: The population. Of the 20,072 households, 62.3% were occupied by families, 33.4% had children under 18 living with them, 40.9% were married couples living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.7% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
12445-443: The population. There were 19,261 households, of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.7% were married couples living together, 18.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.0% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
12576-443: The population. There were 39,760 households, of which 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.9% were married couples living together, 18.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.8% were non-families. 33.3% Of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
12707-497: The railroad made it a good stopping point for shows traveling from New York to Chicago. In 1896, the first movie was shown in the theater, which was also used as Elkhart High School's auditorium until 1924. The Bucklen was demolished in 1986. The Lerner Theatre , formerly the ELCO Performing Arts Center, is a small theater located downtown. After being built in 1924 and undergoing two name changes, it became
12838-531: The rationing of materials in World War II . After the war, growth picked back up, and, by 1949, Elkhart was dubbed the "RV Capital of the World." In 1851, the Michigan Southern & Northern Indiana Railroad Company built the first rail line through the city, and by 1852 the first passenger train passed through town. This, in turn, caused major population growth. Today, Norfolk Southern has
12969-501: The river to the railroad . In 1852, Henry Studebaker set up Studebaker wagon shop, later becoming the world's largest wagon builder and the only one to later succeed as an automobile manufacturer. The Singer Sewing Company and the Oliver Chilled Plow Company were among other companies that made manufacturing the driving force in the South Bend economy until the mid-20th century. Another important economic act
13100-476: The site of his new manufacturing plant for automotive parts. He chose South Bend primarily because it was on a rail line midway between Chicago and Detroit, the two automotive manufacturing centers of the United States at the time. Eventually, the Bendix corporation built a vast manufacturing complex on its South Bend acreage served by the major railroads, including a huge shipping and receiving building where railroad cars could enter at one end, unload, and depart at
13231-400: The south bank of the St. Joseph River where student housing is located. The Student Activities Center is the site for athletics, student orientation, intramural sports, fitness classes, exercising, meetings, and recognition ceremonies. A pedestrian bridge that bears the words "Indiana University South Bend" connects the main campus with the redsidential halls across the river. Construction of
13362-599: The struggle to calm down the students. Other industries developed in South Bend in the early 20th century, including Birdsell Manufacturing Company, the Bendix Corporation , Honeywell , AlliedSignal , South Bend Lathe Works , the O'Brien Paint Corp., the South Bend Toy Company, South Bend Range, South Bend Bait Company, and South Bend Watch Company . Workers at the Bendix Corporation staged
13493-479: The student population while males account for 38 percent. Minorities make up 16 percent of the student population and international students 2 percent. About $ 61 million in financial aid was distributed to 49 percent of students or 9,423 students in 2012–13. IU South Bend students have an average age of 25 with 32% of the undergraduate student body age 25 or older; 81% are Indiana residents. The Office of Student Life oversees all student-administered interests. There are
13624-721: The team's name was changed to the South Bend Silver Hawks, and then to the South Bend Cubs in 2015. They are a Class A minor league affiliate of the Chicago Cubs in the Midwest League. In 2015, the City of South Bend celebrated its 150th birthday. The yearlong festival culminated with the ceremonial illumination of the first River Lights along the St. Joseph River. Mayor Pete Buttigieg welcomed
13755-401: The tech industry. South Bend has also seen new development, particularly in the tech field, a decline in unemployment, and a renewal of the downtown area under Buttigieg's tenure, which has been described as a revival and South Bend as a 'turnaround city'. South Bend also was in the national spotlight during the 2019-20 Democratic presidential campaign of former mayor Buttigieg. South Bend
13886-503: The university. Ignition Park, located just south of the downtown area, is planned to become home to 3 million square feet (280,000 m ) of high-tech space on 140 acres (570,000 m ) of land previously owned by the Studebaker Corporation. The first tenant, Data Realty, moved into the location in the fall of 2012. The second building in the new park, a research and testing facility for massive turbo machinery,
14017-471: The wars of the 17th century. Other explanations have been suggested. According to an account by two Miami leaders ( Jean Baptiste Richardville and Le Gros ) recorded in 1824, the name arose from two women fighting over an elk's heart that had been hung up to dry. Alternatively, some historians including Jacob Piatt Dunn have associated the name with the shape of an island in the Elkhart River that
14148-618: The world. In 1884, Franklin Miles launched the Miles Medical Co. in Elkhart, which in later decades produced products such as Alka-Seltzer and Flintstones Vitamins . The Miles Medical Co. was purchased by the German company Bayer in 1978, and was consolidated into the larger Pittsburgh-based Bayer, Inc. in 1994. In 1999, Bayer Consumer Care moved out of Elkhart. By 2006, Bayer had pulled all manufacturing out of Elkhart. Most of
14279-402: Was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.19. The median age in the city was 33.3 years. 27.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 10% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.1% were from 25 to 44; 23.1% were from 45 to 64; and 12.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female. Per the 2013 American Community Survey of the U.S. Census Bureau ,
14410-401: Was 2.55, and the average family size was 3.16. Of the city's population, 28.4% was under 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.9 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 94.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 34,863, and
14541-414: Was 2.60, and the average family size was 3.25. The median age in the city was 32.7 years. 29.1% of residents were under 18; 9.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.5% were from 25 to 44; 22.5% were from 45 to 64, and 11.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.2% male and 51.8% female. As of the 2000 census , 51,874 people, 20,072 households, and 12,506 families reside in
14672-587: Was IU South Bend's fourth building and was completed in 1969 to house the Dental Education program. Associates Building was purchased from the Associates Insurance Corporation in 1975 with an agreement the Associates Corporation would be able to have access to the buildings on a "temporary, rolling basis." (see also "Administration Building" above) IU South Bend moved into the building in 1977 and added to it in 1986. After
14803-556: Was September 25, 1999. Dedicated in 2004, it serves as the primary center for student offices and activities, including the Student Government Center, the student newspaper, meeting rooms, a cafe, a workout facility, basketball, and racquetball courts. IU School of Medicine-South Bend was dedicated in October 2005. Housed directly across from the University of Notre Dame campus (not on the IU South Bend campus), this facility offers Indiana University medical students
14934-454: Was appointed director and assistant dean of the campus. Wolfson was named chancellor in 1969, and his leadership continued until his retirement in 1987. Four-year degree programs were authorized in 1965, and the campus awarded its first degrees in 1967. Thirty-one students graduated the first year. The campus was named "Indiana University South Bend" in 1968. The first master's degrees were conferred in 1970. Enrollment exceeded 5,000 in 1971, and
15065-564: Was built on the north end of campus in fall 1994. IU South Bend opened the parking garage. After extended negotiation, IU South Bend purchased the Coca-Cola Bottling Factory on the north end of campus and cleared the space for the construction of Wiekamp Hall as well as its adjacent parking garage. The funding for the parking garage was secured through faculty, staff, and student parking fees. The parking facility opened in fall 1994. Student Activities Center groundbreaking
15196-423: Was chiefly due to migration to suburban areas as well as the demise of Studebaker and other heavy industry . Today, the largest industries in South Bend are health care, education, small business, and tourism . Remaining large corporations based in the area include Crowe , Honeywell , and AM General . The city's economy and culture are influenced by the nearby University of Notre Dame . The St. Joseph Valley
15327-485: Was constructed and completed in early 2002. Perrin retired in 2002 and Una Mae Reck was named chancellor. Reck was formerly the vice president for academic affairs at the State University of New York at Fredonia. During Reck's administration a number of major projects were completed – student housing, a bridge connecting the campus to student housing across the St. Joseph River, the Elkhart Center, remodeling of
15458-570: Was founded in South Bend in March 1870, making it the first African American church in the city. Olivet AME is still an active African Methodist Episcopal Church, and celebrated its 145th anniversary in 2015. A sergeant from South Bend fired the first American shells against Germany in World War I. In 1923, the African American owner of a soda fountain received a letter signed "KKK", threatening to kill an African American man held in
15589-410: Was held October 28, 1993. Purdue School of Technology courses have been offered continuously since the 1933, with two year diplomas being awarded for the first time locally in 1986. IU South Bend acquired and renovated the former Army Reserve Center adjacent to the campus on Northside Boulevard, with new classrooms and technology laboratories for Purdue University programs. Wiekamp Hall : April 14, 1994
15720-517: Was in the manufacturing sector. Due to economic difficulties, Studebaker closed its automotive manufacturing plants in South Bend in December 1963. A general decline in manufacturing soon followed as industry was restructured nationwide. By 2000, manufacturing was only 16 percent of the local economy. Due to the severe loss of jobs, the city's population decreased by nearly 30,000 during that period. This decline of industry and population loss led to
15851-466: Was long occupied by Native Americans. One of the earliest known groups to occupy what would later become northern Indiana was the Miami tribe . Later, the Potawatomi moved into the region, utilizing the rich food and natural resources found along the river. The Potawatomi occupied this region of Indiana until most of them were forcibly removed in the 1840s. The South Bend area was popular because its portage
15982-584: Was organized in 1787, the area now known as Elkhart was mainly inhabited by the Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawatomi Indian tribes. In 1829, the Village of Pulaski was established, consisting of a post office, mill, and a few houses on the north side of the St. Joseph River . Dr. Havilah Beardsley moved westward from Ohio , and on August 9, 1821, purchased one square mile of land from Pierre Moran (a half-French, half-Native American Potawatomi Chief) in order to establish
16113-406: Was originally a part of the original Associates Insurance Corporation complex (see also "Associates Building" below). The Administration Building was purchased in 1965. Greenlawn Hall was the home of the former Hutchins Tool and Die Company. Greenlawn was purchased in 1966 and was opened to provide more classroom space. It was condemned in 2013, and it was torn down in April 2015. Riverside Hall
16244-493: Was originally the Stanz Cheeze Processing Plant. The building was purchased in the 1980s and was built circa 1950s. Franklin D. Schurz Library was built in 1989 (ground broken in 1987). Franklin D. Schurz, chairman of the board of Schurz Communications, Inc., a media broadcasting company as well as former editor and publisher of The South Bend Tribune, gave IU South Bend generous donations to complete
16375-438: Was recognized as an NAIA Champions of Character institution in 2008–09, 2009–10, 2011–12, and 2012–13. IU South Bend reported in fall 2013 that it employed 305 full-time faculty, lecturers, and academic administrators. The campus also had 309 part-time faculty. Of the full-time faculty, 43.75 were tenured. Notable faculty of IU South Bend include Alexander Toradze , the celebrated concert pianist , master teacher and founder of
16506-493: Was settled in the early 19th century by fur traders and was established as a city in 1865. The St. Joseph River shaped South Bend's economy through the mid-20th century. River access assisted heavy industrial development such as that of the Studebaker Corporation , the Oliver Chilled Plow Company , and other large corporations. The population of South Bend declined after 1960, when it peaked at 132,445. This
16637-636: Was the dredging of the Kankakee River in 1884 to create farmland. During this time period there was a great immigration of Europeans, such as Polish, Hungarian, Irish, German, Italian, and Swedish people to South Bend because of available employment in area factories. South Bend benefited from its location on the Michigan Road , the main north–south artery of northern Indiana in the 19th century. Another significant development occurred near South Bend in 1842, when Father Edward Sorin founded
16768-525: Was the groundbreaking for the Dorothy and Darwin Wiekamp Hall housed classrooms and offices; the first purpose-built classroom facility added to the campus in more than thirty years. Dedicated in 1998, it is – with Northside Hall – the largest building for classrooms on campus. (note: Wiekamp is the site of the former Coca-Cola Bottling Factory, which was torn down to build Wiekamp Hall) Parking Garage
16899-505: Was the last bank to be robbed by the Dillinger gang. On September 29, 1929, South Bend completed its "track elevation program". This was a railroad infrastructure project which saw the removal of Grand Trunk Western Railroad tracks from Division Street, the removal of level crossings from Chapin to Miami streets, the creation of a modern freight layout, and the construction of Union Station . This project had been seventeen years in
17030-648: Was the shortest overland route from the St. Joseph River to the Kankakee River . This route was used for centuries, first by the Native Americans, then by French explorers, missionaries and traders. The French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, the first white European to set foot in what is now South Bend, used this portage between the St. Joseph River and the Kankakee River in December 1679. The first permanent white settlers of South Bend were fur traders who established trading posts in
17161-412: Was used. By 1829, the town was growing, with Coquillard and Taylor emerging as leaders. They applied for a post office. Taylor was appointed postmaster , and the post office was designated as Southold, Allen County, Indiana. The following year, the name was changed to South Bend, probably to ease confusion, as several other communities were named Southold at the time. In 1831, South Bend was laid out as
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