Misplaced Pages

#375624

47-483: Iron Cove is a bay on the Parramatta River , in the inner-west of Sydney , in the state of New South Wales , Australia. It is approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) due west of Sydney's central business district . It is surrounded by the suburbs of Birchgrove , Balmain , Rozelle , Lilyfield , Haberfield , Five Dock , Rodd Point , Russell Lea and Drummoyne . The bay extends from Longnose Point to

94-610: A champion sculler of his day, in the river at Henley. Some of the school rowing sheds are: There are also a number of rowing clubs: While a number of regattas are still held on the river each year, mainly in Iron Cove and Hen and Chicken Bay , many of the major regattas are now held at the Sydney International Regatta Centre (SIRC), adjacent to the Nepean River , where rowing was held for

141-540: A place for trade. The river was formed 15 to 29 million years ago as its waters began to cut a valley into sandstone and shale . The headwaters of the Parramatta River are formed by the confluence of Darling Mills Creek and Toongabbie Creek . The point of the confluence lies on the northern border of the grounds of Cumberland Hospital . It also lies on the boundary of the suburbs of Westmead , Northmead , and North Parramatta . Waterways flowing into

188-540: A water filtration device to be installed at Iron Cove Creek. According to Professor Gavin Birch from the University of Sydney's School of Geosciences, "This device is specifically designed to stop those contaminants [heavy metals, organic pollutants and hydrocarbons] actually reaching Sydney Harbour." [REDACTED] Media related to Iron Cove (New South Wales) at Wikimedia Commons Parramatta River Formed by

235-484: Is exposed at low tide. Moorings and jetties are the responsibility of Transport for NSW , who are also responsible for the management of the Harbour and river seabed. Many bays contain swing moorings, mostly privately owned, but some associated with commercial marinas. Along the Parramatta River many hands have made lighter work, in the community-wide effort to make the entire river swimmable again by 2025 , starting with

282-690: Is fed by a number of small creeks and stormwater drains. The waters are controlled by a series of weirs : the weir at the edge of the hospital grounds, the Kiosk Weir in Parramatta Park, the Marsden Street Weir, and the Charles Street Weir at the ferry wharf. The weirs have been equipped with fish ladders . Kiosk Weir and Charles Street Weir also include footbridges enabling a crossing of the river. Historically,

329-620: Is merely "a surmise". Another possible explanation for the name is that it was derived from the Ironbark trees that used to grow there. The island in the middle of the bay is called Rodd Island , in honour of Brent Clements Rodd . Iron Cove is crossed by the Iron Cove Bridge , which was first opened in 1882 and links Rozelle and Balmain to Drummoyne. The original bridge was replaced in the 1950s. The Australian warships HMAS Ballarat and HMAS Goulburn were broken up for scrap in

376-412: Is noted as Iron-stone Cove. Iron Cove appears to be a shortening of this name that perhaps referred to the reddy coloured iron oxides in the stone, known as laterites . In his book on Sydney Harbour, P.R. Stephensen suggests that the name is derived from the iron shackles worn by convicts from Cockatoo Island who were forced to work in the area around the bay from 1839. However, he goes on to note that this

423-402: Is subject to a long range Catchment Management Plan. The Government has almost eliminated local representation by eliminating the former local catchment management boards. The New South Wales Government has a documented policy in relation to access to the harbour and river foreshores, including public access to intertidal lands where landowners have absolute waterfronts but where the waterfront

470-691: Is tidal to Charles Street Weir in Parramatta, approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the Sydney Heads . The land adjacent to the Parramatta River was occupied for many thousands of years by Aboriginal peoples of the Wallumettagal nations and the Wangal , Toongagal (or Tugagal), Burramattagal, and Wategora clans of the Darug people. They used the river as an important source of food and

517-458: Is typically wealthy, with a median weekly household income of $ 3,603, compared with $ 1,746 in Australia. The most common types of occupation for employed persons were Professionals 47.1%, Managers 26.2%, Clerical and Administrative Workers 9.9% and Community and Personal Service Workers 4.9%. Of all households, 72.7% were family households and 25.2% were single person households. Birchgrove has

SECTION 10

#1732780242376

564-637: The 2000 Summer Olympics . Early GPS Schoolboy Head of the River races were held on the Parramatta River before moving to the Nepean River and later SIRC. Most rowing training is done in the middle to upper reaches of the river between Abbotsford and Homebush Bay because there is less water traffic and therefore less waves and more protection from wind. Rowing also takes place in the Lane Cove River and Iron Cove which have less traffic. Much of

611-534: The Carlingford railway line [REDACTED] (Putney Punt) Until 1970 the river was an open drain for Sydney's industry and consequently the southern central embayments are contaminated with a range of heavy metals and chemicals. The Northern Bays are less affected as the Sydney Harbour Bridge was not completed until 1932 and so industrial development was already well established on

658-745: The Cockatoo Island ferry services which run services between Circular Quay and Cockatoo Island . Transit Systems operates a service from Birchgrove Park to the Art Gallery of New South Wales via the Queen Victoria Building (QVB). During peak hours and in the evening, this service terminates at QVB. Birchgrove is home to the Balmain Sailing Club , which hosts the annual Balmain Regatta, claimed to be

705-562: The Morrison & Sinclair shipyard. By 1878, due to market pressure from prices in nearby Balmain estate, 82 lots of the original subdivision remained unsold. Additional land was carved from the Birchgrove House when it was sold to John Lowry Adams in 1878. A syndicate of businessmen purchased the remaining lots of the estate and commissioned architect Ferdinand Reuss to draw up a new plan for subdivision. This second subdivision

752-564: The University of Sydney 's School of Geosciences, this bay and its catchment area are the most heavily polluted in Sydney Harbour . In particular, very high levels of copper, zinc, and lead have been detected in the bay. Some of this pollution is contained in road dust, which is washed into the bay in stormwater. Iron Cove Creek (Dobroyd Canal) also suffers from organic and hydrocarbon pollutants. A proposal has been put forward for

799-574: The confluence of Toongabbie Creek and Darling Mills Creek at North Parramatta , the river flows in an easterly direction to a line between Yurulbin in Birchgrove and Manns Point in Greenwich . Here it flows into Port Jackson, about 21 kilometres (13 mi) from the Tasman Sea . The total catchment area of the river is approximately 252.4 square kilometres (97.5 sq mi) and

846-614: The local government area of the Inner West Council . Birchgrove is located on the north-west slope of the Balmain peninsula, overlooking Sydney Harbour , and includes Yurulbin and Ballast Points. Balmain is the only adjacent suburb. The long waterfront provides views of the Parramatta River with Cockatoo Island dominating the foreground. It is one of the wealthier suburbs of Sydney thanks to its harbour frontages. Until former Leichhardt Council extended its boundaries in

893-518: The Joubert family. Birchgrove House was sold to Jacob Levi Montefiore during the subdivision. Sale of the allotments fell well short of expectations with three lots remaining unsold by 1866. By December 1862, Joubert was forced to surrender his remaining interest to the Bank of New South Wales . From the 1860s, a number of waterfront businesses appeared in the area including coopers , boat builders and

940-626: The Parramatta River west of the Harbour Bridge, which remained in place until 2011. The Parramatta River is one of the few significant coastal rivers in New South Wales which has not been the subject of an investigation by the Healthy Rivers Commission. The Cooks River and Botany Bay have been subject to such an investigation. Some have campaigned for a Healthy Rivers Commission inquiry to bring together all

987-495: The Parramatta River, west–to–east include: From its start at the confluence of Toongabbie Creek and Darling Mills Creek at North Parramatta, the river flows in a southerly direction through the grounds of Cumberland Hospital . Entering Parramatta Park , it then turns east and flows through the Parramatta CBD. Both banks are largely open to the public, with parkland and walkways, downstream to James Ruse Drive . The river

SECTION 20

#1732780242376

1034-457: The Parramatta river system. The main contaminated areas of the Parramatta River are: Water quality is monitored by the Office of Environment and Heritage (New South Wales) (OEH) for faecal coliforms and e. coli , but only as far west as Cabarita . OEH does not monitor water quality further west on the river, despite increasing development and the use of the river for recreational boating. In

1081-570: The Supreme Court finally foreclosed on loans in April 1844. In 1850, the estate was briefly owned by Henry Watson Parker , who would later become the third premier of New South Wales. Later the same year, the estate was purchased by Didier Numa Joubert. Jourbert leased the property to William Salmon Deliotte until 1856. Between 1856 and 1860, Joubert instructed William Brownrigg to survey the first subdivision of ten lots. Streets were named after

1128-539: The areas monitored, the water quality is generally acceptable except after heavy rains. The Parramatta River is subject to a number of fishing bans because of its contaminated sediments. There is a complete fishing ban in Homebush Bay because of the dioxin contamination. In 2006 the NSW Government imposed a complete commercial fishing ban throughout the rest of Sydney Harbour and its tributaries, including

1175-458: The bay in 1953. There are a number of smaller bays with Iron Cove, such as Sisters Bay and Half Moon Bay on the northern shores. The concrete channelised Iron Cove Creek runs into the western end of the bay, and Hawthorne Canal runs off the southern part of the bay. The land around the bay is mostly made up of publicly accessible foreshore or parkland. This forms a 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) jogging circuit known as The Bay Run . According to

1222-481: The cause of the fire was considered suspicious. Tram services branched off from the main line on Darling Street , Balmain, turning left into Rowntree Street, left into Cameron Street and right into Grove Street, before terminating at Wharf Road in Birchgrove. A Transit Systems bus service now follows the former tram route. Birchgrove was the southern portal of the first tunnel under Sydney Harbour. The tunnel

1269-603: The estate was purchased by merchant trader Roland Warpole Loane . By 1818, Loane had returned to land holdings in Tasmania and the estate was leased for many years. Loane unsuccessfully attempted to sub-divide the lot into four parcels in 1833. In 1838, the estate was purchased along with land in the Balmain estate by Captain John McLean. Financial difficulties forced McLean to mortgage the estate and additional land, but

1316-462: The first decade of the twenty first century, Birchgrove was a much smaller suburb bounded by Grove and Cove Streets. Birchgrove was named after Birchgrove House, built by Lieutenant John Birch, paymaster of the 73rd regiment, around 1812. He added 'grove' to his surname when naming the house because of the large number of orange trees growing on the original site. The house was constructed of stone believed to have been quarried on site. In March 1814,

1363-473: The food chain and claim that the companies are trying to avoid the costs incurred in pollution cleanup. There are a number of sailing and yachting clubs on the River: Sailing and rowing take place under an aquatic licence granted annually by Roads and Maritime Services. There are Sea Scouts at: The river has a long historical association with rowing. There is a monument in honour of Henry Searle,

1410-440: The foreshore is still in the hands of industry and private individuals as residences, however there is an increasing amount of waterfront land available as foreshore reserve with walkways and cycleways. As former industrial sites undergo remediation and redevelopment, the foreshores are opened up for public access. Where there is no foreshore access, cycleways are routed through quiet residential streets with clearly marked sections of

1457-496: The harbour. The tunnel is excavated entirely through Hawkesbury sandstone which lies below the silt and sediment which form the floor of the harbour. At its lowest point, it is 236 feet (72 m) below sea level. The tunnel is listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register. Birchgrove has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Birchgrove ferry wharf provides access to

Iron Cove - Misplaced Pages Continue

1504-518: The information on the state of the river and its sediments and fish and assist in watershed management . Major wetlands include: There are significant stands of mangroves along the river west of Henley (on the river's northern shore) and Mortlake (on the river's southern shore) and in the Lane Cove River. The mangroves have actually colonised areas that were previously salt marsh. Research into historical drawings and writings indicates that

1551-466: The mangroves were far fewer at English colonisation. Council information panels in Glades Bay explain that the bay's now extensive mangrove stands would once have been open water, sandy beaches and outcrops of rock. Land clearing and development has allowed soil and various nutrients to be washed into the river. This has provided an ideal environment for mangroves to colonise. The excessive siltation of

1598-537: The oldest regatta in Australia, run for the first time in 1849. In the 2021 census of Population and Housing, there were 3,228 people in Birchgrove. Of these 47.9% were male and 52.1% were female, with a median age of 46 years. 69.1% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 10.0% and New Zealand 2.4%. 87.9% of people only spoke English at home. The most common responses for religion in Birchgrove were No Religion 52.4%, Catholic 20.4% and Anglican 11.5%. Birchgrove's population

1645-479: The opening of Lake Parramatta in 2014. Thirteen councils sit within the Parramatta River catchment group and all have committed to tackling the two major polluters: sewer overflows and stormwater . There are River Cat services along the Parramatta River to Circular Quay . The main wharves, west–to–east are: The Parramatta River, along with Sydney Harbour, is the most significant waterway in Sydney. Since settlement,

1692-464: The river and the harbour have presented a formidable barrier between the early–European settled southern Farm Cove precinct, to development north of the waterway. Together, Parramatta River and Port Jackson literally cut Sydney in half along its north–south axis. As a result, the many crossings are extremely important to the life of the city. From west–to–east, the crossings of the Parramatta River are located at: With adjacent water pipe bridge on

1739-475: The river is an ongoing problem. Many areas of the river, particularly the swampy heads of bays, have been reclaimed , often being used as rubbish dumps before being converted into playing fields. Large sections of Meadowbank Park were created in this manner. Some industrial sites were also reclaimed heavily from the river, particularly in Homebush Bay. Most creeks leading into the bays have been channelised (lined with concrete walls and floor). While some areas of

1786-442: The river was dammed to provide reservoirs for the town. Currently, however, the function of the weirs is aesthetic, preventing the water from draining away during dry periods. As a consequence the river floods in heavy rain, particularly at the Charles Street Weir. The Charles Street Weir forms the boundary between fresh water and salt water, and is also the limit of tides. The whole of Sydney Harbour including its tributary rivers

1833-498: The river with heavily contaminated sediments have not been remediated , there is significant remediation of sediments about to start in Homebush Bay. These include the dioxin contaminated sediments near the former Union Carbide plant and the lead contaminated sediments near the former Berger Paints plant. The former AGL site has been analysed, a remediation plan developed and approved, remediation completed and construction commenced on medium to high density residential development, but

1880-646: The road reserved for cyclists. Major foreshore parks include: Major heritage buildings, all listed on the Register of the National Estate , on or near the foreshore include: Birchgrove, New South Wales Birchgrove is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney , in the state of New South Wales , Australia. Birchgrove is located five kilometres west of the Sydney central business district , in

1927-474: The sediments, which independent research shows to be contaminated with pollutants from the AGL operations, have not yet had the investigation stage finalised (as of 2000 ). Other areas have had sediments covered with concrete to prevent the fish eating the benthos . Some of these companies claim that the contamination is best left alone, but environmentalists have argued that the contamination could be being passed up

Iron Cove - Misplaced Pages Continue

1974-432: The silt at the bottom of the river, so required constant pumping until it was allowed to flood in 1930 and abandoned from 1969. The tunnel was excavated almost entirely from the northern side, as the residents on Long Nose Point at Balmain (now Birchgrove) successfully objected to the noise of the compressor powering pneumatic drills. The tunnel passes between the floor of the harbour and the Balmain coal mine further below

2021-585: The south-west and is fed by the Hawthorne Canal and the Iron Cove Creek . William Dawes recorded the name of this place as Go-mo-ra in the language of the local people. In the early days of the colony of New South Wales, the area was sometimes known as Long Cove, presumably for its long narrow shape. The origin of the name 'Iron Cove' is unclear. On the 1822 survey map of Port Jackson ( Sydney Harbour ) by John Septimus Roe , Lieut. R.N. it

2068-419: The southern side of the Harbour. Gavin Birch of the University of Sydney has published a number of papers which show that Sydney Harbour is as contaminated as most other harbours in industrialised cities, that the main sediment contamination is in the southern central embayments (Blackwattle to Homebush Bays), that there are five particularly contaminated areas of Sydney Harbour, and that four of them are in

2115-563: Was dug by the New South Wales Government Railways from Greenwich to provide a reliable way to get electricity from the Pyrmont Power Station to the tram network on the north shore. Cables had previously been laid on the floor of the harbour, but damaged by ships dragging their anchors. The tunnel was commenced in 1913 and excavated by hand, completed in 1924. Part of the tunnel is through

2162-456: Was much more successful with all lots sold within several years. The local heritage item is Clifton Villa, a three-storey sandstone house in the Gothic style. The house was built in the late 1860s and is surrounded by a covered verandah. In the mid-1870s a ballroom was added. The house's interior features a marble fireplace and cedar woodwork, while the exterior includes a caretaker's cottage that

2209-616: Was originally a carriage house. Clifton Villa is now listed on the Register of the National Estate . In 1900 Adams subdivided the Birchgrove House grounds into 12 lots. In 1911 Mary Scot further subdivided Birchgrove House into 5 lots. The house was eventually demolished in 1967 to make way for units. The suburb was the location of the Balmain Colliery , Australia's deepest coal mine. In August 2010, apartments in Louisa Road were engulfed by fire. No residents were hurt, but

#375624