Joseph Jaquet , sometimes written Joseph Jacquet , (30 January 1822 - 9 June 1898) was a Belgian sculptor.
51-3467: Jacquet or Jaquet is a French name which in the Middle Age designated pilgrims on the Way of St. James ( Saint-Jacques in French) Jacquet [ edit ] Given name [ edit ] Jacquet of Mantua (1483–1559), French composer Jacquet de Berchem (1505–1567), Franco-Flemish composer Surname [ edit ] Aimé Jacquet (born 1941), French footballer and coach Al Jacquet , American politician Alain Jacquet (1939–2008), French artist Claire Jacquet (born 1988), French canoeist Earthna Jacquet , American tennis player Ernest Jacquet (1886–1969), Swiss ice hockey player Farah Jacquet (born 1985), Belgian politician Fernand Jacquet (1888–1947), Belgian pilot Gaston Jacquet (1883–1970), French actor Henri Jacquet (1888–??), Swiss fencer Hervé Jacquet (born 1939), French-American mathematician H. Maurice Jacquet (1886–1954), French composer Ib Jacquet (born 1956), Danish footballer Illinois Jacquet (1922–2004), American jazz saxophonist Jeffrey Jacquet (born 1966), American actor Jennifer Jacquet , American professor John Blockley Jacquet (1868–1942), English-born Australian Geological Surveyor and Chief Inspector of Mines Jonathan Jacquet (born 1984), Argentine footballer Justo Jacquet (born 1961), Paraguayan footballer Kyrian Jacquet (born 2001), French tennis player Lloyd Jacquet (1899–1970), American publisher Loïc Jacquet (born 1985), French rugby union footballer Luc Jacquet (born 1967), French film director Lucien Jacquet (1860–1914), French dermatologist Mardi Jacquet (born 1960), French-American model Michael Jacquet (born 1997), American football player Miguel Jacquet (born 1995), Paraguayan footballer Nate Jacquet (born 1975), American football player Olivier Jacquet (born 1969), Swiss fencer Pierre Armand Jacquet (1906–1967), French metallurgist and chemist Quentin Jacquet (born 1991), French motorcycle racer Robert Jacquet (1906–1970), French rower René-Jean Jacquet (1933–1993), French footballer Russell Jacquet (1917–1990), American trumpeter Jaquet [ edit ] Surname [ edit ] Christophe Jaquet (born 1976), Swiss footballer Frank Jaquet (1885–1958), American actor Gérard Jaquet (1916–2013), French politician Gilles Jaquet (born 1974), Swiss snowboarder Joseph Jaquet (1822–1898), Belgian sculptor Sabrina Jaquet (born 1987), Swiss badminton player Sandrine Jaquet (born 1971), Swiss tennis player Wendy Jaquet (born 1943), American politician Jacquette [ edit ] Given name [ edit ] Jacquette Ada (born 1991), Cameroonian footballer Jacquette Guillaume (1665–??), French writer Jacquette Löwenhielm (1797–1839), Swedish noble Surname [ edit ] Dale Jacquette (1953–2016), American philosopher Julia Jacquette (born 1964), American artist Tommy Jacquette (1943–2009), American community activist Yvonne Jacquette (1934–2023), American painter and printmaker Other [ edit ] Jacquet (game) ,
102-535: A credencial (see below). In Spain this type of accommodation is called a refugio or albergue , both of which are similar to youth hostels or hostelries in the French system of gîtes d'étape . Hostels may be run by a local parish, the local council, private owners, or pilgrims' associations. Occasionally, these refugios are located in monasteries, such as the one in the Monastery of San Xulián de Samos that
153-597: A board game related to Backgammon [REDACTED] Name list This page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jacquet&oldid=1243828332 " Categories : Given names Surnames French masculine given names Masculine given names French-language surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
204-416: A crosspiece. The usual form of representation is with a hook, but in some the hook is absent. The pilgrim's staff is represented under different forms and is referred to using different names, e.g. a pilgrim's crutch, a crutch-staff. The crutch, perhaps, should be represented with the transverse piece on the top of the staff (like the letter "T") instead of across it. The earliest records of visits paid to
255-590: A dream to Charlemagne , urging him to liberate his tomb from the Moors and showing him the direction to follow by the route of the Milky Way. The Church employed (and employs) rituals (the sacrament of confession) that can lead to the imposition by a priest of penance , through which the sinner atones for his or her sins. Pilgrimages were deemed to be a suitable form of expiation for sin and long pilgrimages would be imposed as penance for very serious sins. As noted in
306-502: A hillside near San Fiz de Solovio, he informed the bishop of Iria Flavia, who found a grave at the site with three bodies inside, one of which, he asserted, was that of St James. Subsequently, the location was called "the field of the star" ( Campus Stellae , corrupted to "Compostela"). Another origin myth mentioned in Book IV of the Book of Saint James relates how the saint appeared in
357-416: A limited number of pilgrims daily. Most pilgrims purchase and carry a document called the credencial , which gives access to overnight accommodation along the route. Also known as the "pilgrim's passport", the credencial is stamped with the official St. James stamp of each town or refugio at which the pilgrim has stayed. It provides pilgrims with a record of where they ate or slept and serves as proof to
408-617: A practice that is still occasionally used today. For example, a tradition in Flanders persists of pardoning and releasing one prisoner every year under the condition that, accompanied by a guard, the prisoner walks to Santiago wearing a heavy backpack. During the American Revolution , John Adams (who would become the second President of the United States) was ordered by Congress to go to Paris to obtain funds for
459-483: A religious pilgrimage, many are hikers who walk the route for travel or sport, along with an interest in exploring their own relationship with themselves, other people, nature, and what they perceive as being sacred. Also, many consider the experience a spiritual retreat from modern life. Here, only a few routes are named. For a complete list of all the routes (traditional and less so), see: Camino de Santiago (route descriptions) . The Camino Francés , or French Way ,
510-477: A souvenir. One myth says that after James's death, his body was transported by a ship piloted by an angel, back to the Iberian Peninsula to be buried in what is now Libredón . As the ship approached land, the wedding of the daughter of Queen Lupa was taking place on shore. The young groom was on horseback, and, upon seeing the ship's approach, his horse got spooked, and horse and rider plunged into
561-666: Is also less travelled and starts in the Basque city of Irun on the border with France, or sometimes in San Sebastián . It is a less popular route because of its changes in elevation, whereas the Camino Frances is mostly flat. The route follows the coast along the Bay of Biscay until it nears Santiago. Though it does not pass through as many historic points of interest as the Camino Frances, it has cooler summer weather. The route
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#1732794351044612-1131: Is believed to have been first used by pilgrims to avoid traveling through the territories occupied by the Muslims in the Middle Ages. From Irun the path is 817 km (508 miles) long. The Central European Camino was revived after the Fall of the Berlin Wall . Medieval routes, Camino Baltico and the Via Regia in Poland pass through present-day Poland reach as far north as the Baltic states , taking in Vilnius , and Eastwards to present-day Ukraine and take in Lviv , Sandomierz and Kraków . In Spain, France, and Portugal, pilgrims' hostels with beds in dormitories provide overnight accommodation for pilgrims who hold
663-451: Is commonly seen on pilgrims themselves, who are thereby identified as pilgrims. During the medieval period, the shell was more a proof of completion than a symbol worn during the pilgrimage. The pilgrim's staff is a walking stick used by some pilgrims on the way to the shrine of Santiago de Compostela in Spain. Generally, the stick has a hook so that something may be hung from it; it may have
714-599: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Way of St. James The Camino de Santiago ( Latin : Peregrinatio Compostellana , lit. ' Pilgrimage of Compostela ' ; Galician : O Camiño de Santiago ), or in English the Way of St. James , is a network of pilgrims' ways or pilgrimages leading to the shrine of the apostle James in the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela in Galicia in northwestern Spain , where tradition holds that
765-674: Is run by monks, and the one in Santiago de Compostela. The final hostel on the route is the famous Hostal de los Reyes Católicos , which lies in the Plaza del Obradoiro across the Cathedral. It was originally constructed as hospice and hospital for pilgrims by Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon , the Catholic Monarchs . Today it is a luxury 5-star Parador hotel, which still provides free services to
816-599: Is the most popular. The Via Regia is the last portion of the Camino Francés. Historically, because of the Codex Calixtinus , most pilgrims came from France: typically from Arles , Le Puy , Paris , and Vézelay ; some from Saint Gilles. Cluny , site of the celebrated medieval abbey, was another important rallying point for pilgrims and, in 2002, it was integrated into the official European pilgrimage route linking Vézelay and Le Puy. Most Spanish consider
867-623: Is the oldest route to Santiago de Compostela, first taken in the 9th century, which begins in Oviedo . It is 320 km (199 miles) long. Camino Portugués , or Portuguese Way , is the second-most-popular route, starting at the cathedral in Lisbon (for a total of about 610 km) or at the cathedral in Porto in the north of Portugal (for a total of about 227 km), and crossing into Galicia at Valença . The Camino del Norte , or Northern Way ,
918-702: The Catholic Encyclopedia : In the registers of the Inquisition at Carcassone ... we find the four following places noted as being the centres of the greater pilgrimages to be imposed as penances for the graver crimes: the tomb of the Apostles at Rome, the shrine of St. James at Compostella [sic], St. Thomas' body at Canterbury, and the relics of the Three Kings at Cologne. Pilgrimages could also be imposed as judicial punishment for crime,
969-696: The Atlantic coast of Galicia , ending at Cape Finisterre . Although it is known today that Cape Finisterre, Spain's westernmost point, is not the westernmost point of Europe ( Cabo da Roca in Portugal is farther west), the fact that the Romans called it Finisterrae (literally the end of the world or Land's End in Latin ) indicates that they viewed it as such. At night, the Milky Way overhead seems to point
1020-706: The Paleis voor Volksvlijt , then a second commission for the decoration of the national monument in The Hague Willemspark . The equestrian statue of Baldwin I of Constantinople was created in 1868 in Mons , then the pediment and lions on the Brussels Stock Exchange in 1872. In 1879, Joseph Jaquet designed a statue of Louise of Orléans , first Queen of the Belgians: this statue was on
1071-466: The 5th book of the codex is still considered the definitive source for many modern guidebooks. Four pilgrimage routes listed in the codex originate in France and converge at Puente la Reina . From there, a well-defined route crosses northern Spain, linking Burgos , Carrión de los Condes , Sahagún , León , Astorga , and Compostela. Another legend states that when a hermit saw a bright star shining over
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#17327943510441122-832: The Brussels art salons of 1843, 1854, 1860, 1866, 1872 and 1873. For the 1842 Brussels Art Salon, Joseph Jaquet exhibited a marble bust, three plaster busts, a Moses Saved from the Waters and a Meditating Saint Paul which brought him notoriety. His contribution for the 1845 Salon was more important and especially a model for a bronze statue of Froissart for Chimay but he acquired a definitive notoriety in 1854 with The Golden Age . At that time, he lived in Goffard street then he moved for Charles Quint street. In 1864, he secured his first commission in Amsterdam : The Victory for
1173-744: The Camino de Santiago to be one of the "three great pilgrimages of Christendom ", along with Jerusalem and the Via Francigena to Rome. In 1987, the Camino, which encompasses several routes in Spain, France , and Portugal, was declared the first Cultural Route of the Council of Europe . Since 2013, the Camino has attracted more than 200,000 pilgrims each year, with an annual growth rate of more than 10 percent. Pilgrims come mainly on foot and often from nearby cities, requiring several days of walking to reach Santiago. The French Way gathers two-thirds of
1224-495: The Camino, the cross is often seen with a Pilgrim's scallop to mark the way of the pilgrimage. The pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela was made possible by the protection and freedom provided by the Kingdom of France , from which the majority of pilgrims originated. Enterprising French (including Gascons and other peoples not under the French crown) settled in towns along the pilgrimage routes, where their names appear in
1275-563: The Compostela route. Romanesque architecture , a new genre of ecclesiastical architecture, was designed with massive archways to cope with huge crowds of the devout. There was also the sale of the now-familiar paraphernalia of tourism , such as badges and souvenirs. Pilgrims often prayed to Saint Roch whose numerous depictions with the Cross of St James can still be seen along the Way. On
1326-577: The French border in the Pyrenees the natural starting point. By far the most common, modern starting point on the Camino Francés is Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port , on the French side of the Pyrenees, with Roncesvalles on the Spanish side also being popular. The distance from Roncesvalles to Santiago de Compostela through León is about 800 km (500 mi). The Camino Primitivo , or Original Way ,
1377-801: The Middle Ages, few modern pilgrimages antedate the 1957 publication of Irish Hispanist and traveller Walter Starkie 's The Road to Santiago . The revival of the pilgrimage was supported by the Spanish government of Francisco Franco , much inclined to promote Spain's Catholic history. "It has been only recently (1990s) that the pilgrimage to Santiago regained the popularity it had in the Middle Ages." Since then, hundreds of thousands (over 300,000 in 2017) of Christian pilgrims and many others set out each year from their homes, or from popular starting points across Europe, to make their way to Santiago de Compostela. Most travel by foot, some by bicycle , and some even travel as their medieval counterparts did, on horseback or by donkey . In addition to those undertaking
1428-481: The Pilgrim's Office in Santiago that the journey was accomplished according to an official route and thus that the pilgrim qualifies to receive a compostela (certificate of completion of the pilgrimage). The compostela is a certificate of accomplishment given to pilgrims on completing the Way. To earn the compostela one needs to walk a minimum of 100 km or cycle at least 200 km. In practice, for walkers,
1479-561: The Pilgrim's Office in Santiago. The compostela has been indulgenced since the Early Middle Ages and remains so to this day, during Holy Years . The English translation reads: The CHAPTER of this holy apostolic and metropolitan Church of Compostela, guardian of the seal of the Altar of the blessed Apostle James, in order that it may provide authentic certificates of visitation to all the faithful and to pilgrims from all over
1530-882: The Spot where the Shepherd saw the Light. In the time of the Moors, the People made a Vow, that if the Moors should be driven from this Country, they would give a certain portion of the Income of their Lands to Saint James. The Moors were defeated and expelled and it was reported and believed, that Saint James was in the Battle and fought with a drawn Sword at the head of the Spanish Troops, on Horseback. The People, believing that they owed
1581-690: The Victory to the Saint, very cheerfully fulfilled their Vows by paying the Tribute. ... Upon the Supposition that this is the place of the Sepulchre of Saint James, there are great numbers of Pilgrims, who visit it, every Year, from France, Spain, Italy and other parts of Europe, many of them on foot. Although it is commonly believed that the pilgrimage to Santiago has continued without interruption since
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1632-404: The archives. The pilgrims were tended by people like Domingo de la Calzada , who was later recognized as a saint. Pilgrims walked the Way of St. James, often for months and occasionally years at a time, to arrive at the great church in the main square of Compostela and pay homage to St James. Many arrived with very little due to illness or robbery or both. Traditionally pilgrims lay their hands on
1683-405: The badge of a pilgrim. The earliest recorded pilgrims from beyond the Pyrenees visited the shrine in the middle of the 11th century, but it seems that it was not until a century later that large numbers of pilgrims from abroad were regularly journeying there. The earliest records of pilgrims that arrived from England belong to the period between 1092 and 1105. However, by the early 12th century
1734-430: The cause. His ship started leaking and he disembarked with his two sons at Finisterre in 1779. From there, he proceeded to follow the Way of St. James in the reverse direction of the pilgrims' route, in order to get to Paris overland. He did not stop to visit Santiago, which he later regretted. In his autobiography, Adams described the customs and lodgings afforded to St James's pilgrims in the 18th century and he recounted
1785-473: The closest convenient point to start is Sarria , as it has good bus and rail connections to other places in Spain. Pilgrims arriving in Santiago de Compostela who have walked at least the last 100 km (62 mi), or cycled 200 km (120 mi) to get there (as indicated on their credencial ), and who state that their motivation was at least partially religious, are eligible for the compostela from
1836-598: The discovery of the relics of Saint James the Great at the beginning of the 9th century, the Way of St. James became a major pilgrimage route of medieval Christianity from the 10th century onwards. But it was only after the end of the Granada War in 1492 , under the reign of the Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile , that Pope Alexander VI officially declared
1887-401: The earth who come with devout affection or for the sake of a vow to the shrine of our Apostle St. James, the patron and protector of Spain, hereby makes known to each and all who shall inspect this present document that [Name] has visited this most sacred temple for the sake of pious devotion. As a faithful witness of these things I confer upon him [or her] the present document, authenticated by
1938-588: The gospel in Spain, but returned to Judaea upon seeing a vision of the Virgin Mary on the bank of the Ebro River ). Pilgrims on the Way can take one of dozens of pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela. Traditionally, as with most pilgrimages, the Way of Saint James begins at one's home and ends at the pilgrimage site. However, a few of the routes are considered main ones. During the Middle Ages ,
1989-545: The legend as it was told to him: I have always regretted that We could not find time to make a Pilgrimage to Saintiago de Compostella. We were informed ... that the Original of this Shrine and Temple of St. Iago was this. A certain Shepherd saw a bright Light there in the night. Afterwards it was revealed to an Archbishop that St. James was buried there. This laid the Foundation of a Church, and they have built an Altar on
2040-467: The name, such as Hospital de Órbigo . The hospitals were often staffed by Catholic orders and under royal protection. Donations were encouraged but many poorer pilgrims had few clothes and poor health often barely getting to the next hospital. Due to this, María Ramírez de Medrano founded one of the earliest hospitals of San Juan de Acre in Navarrete and a commandery for the protection of pilgrims on
2091-490: The pilgrimage had become a highly organized affair. One of the great proponents of the pilgrimage in the 12th century was Pope Callixtus II , who started the Compostelan Holy Years. The daily needs of pilgrims on their way to and from Compostela were met by a series of hospitals . Indeed, these institutions contributed to the development of the modern concept of 'hospital'. Some Spanish towns still bear
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2142-474: The pillar just inside the doorway of the cathedral, and so many now have done this it has visibly worn away the stone. The popular Spanish name for the astronomical Milky Way is El Camino de Santiago . According to a common medieval legend, the Milky Way was formed from the dust raised by travelling pilgrims. The official guide in those times was the Codex Calixtinus . Published around 1140,
2193-504: The remains of the apostle are buried. As Pope Benedict XVI said, "It is a way sown with so many demonstrations of fervour, repentance, hospitality, art and culture which speak to us eloquently of the spiritual roots of the Old Continent." Many still follow its routes as a form of spiritual path or retreat for their spiritual growth. It is also popular with hikers, cyclists, and organized tour groups. Created and established after
2244-656: The route was highly travelled. However, the Black Death , the Protestant Reformation , and political unrest in 16th century Europe led to its decline. Whenever St James's Day (25 July) falls on a Sunday , the cathedral declares a Holy or Jubilee Year. Depending on leap years, Holy Years occur in 5-, 6-, and 11-year intervals. The most recent were 1993, 1999, 2004, 2010 and 2021. The next will be 2027, and 2032. The main pilgrimage route to Santiago follows an earlier Roman trade route, which continues to
2295-412: The sea. Through miraculous intervention, the horse and rider emerged from the water alive, covered in seashells. From its connection to the Camino, the scallop shell came to represent pilgrimage, both to a specific shrine as well as to heaven, recalling Hebrews 11:13, identifying that Christians "are pilgrims and strangers on the earth". The scallop shell symbol is used as a waymarker on the Camino, and
2346-700: The seal of the same Holy Church. Given at Compostela on the [day] of the month of [month] in the year of the Lord [year]. Deputy Canon for Pilgrims The simpler certificate of completion in Spanish for those with non-religious motivation reads: La S.A.M.I. Catedral de Santiago de Compostela le expresa su bienvenida cordial a la Tumba Apostólica de Santiago el Mayor; y desea que el Santo Apóstol le conceda, con abundancia, las gracias de la Peregrinación. Joseph Jaquet Joseph Jaquet, born in Antwerp in Belgium,
2397-415: The shrine at Santiago de Compostela date from the 9th century, in the time of the Kingdom of Asturias and Galicia . The pilgrimage to the shrine became the most renowned medieval pilgrimage, and it became customary for those who returned from Compostela to carry back with them a Galician scallop shell as proof of their completion of the journey. This practice gradually led to the scallop shell becoming
2448-412: The walkers, but other minor routes are experiencing a growth in popularity. The French Way and the Northern routes in Spain were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List , followed by the routes in France in 1998, because of their historical significance for Christianity as a major pilgrimage route and their testimony to the exchange of ideas and cultures across the routes. The Way of St. James
2499-399: The way, so the route acquired the nickname "Voie lactée" – the Milky Way in French. The scallop shell, often found on the shores in Galicia, has long been the symbol of the Camino de Santiago. Over the centuries the scallop shell has taken on a variety of meanings, metaphorical, practical, and mythical, even if its relevance may have actually derived from the desire of pilgrims to take home
2550-497: Was one of the most important Christian pilgrimages during the later Middle Ages , and a pilgrimage route on which a plenary indulgence could be earned; other major pilgrimage routes include the Via Francigena to Rome and the pilgrimage to Jerusalem . Legend holds that St James 's remains were carried by boat from Jerusalem to northern Spain, where he was buried in what is now the city of Santiago de Compostela (according to Spanish legends, Saint James had spent time preaching
2601-430: Was the son of a baker. He studied with Guillaume Geefs at the Brussels Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts and was the friend of Peter Ludwig Kühnen (1812–1877), a painter originating from Aachen , specialised in painting romantic landscapes. He called from Antwerp to Brussels his brother Jacques (1830 - 1898) who assisted him throughout his lifetime. Jacques actively took part in sculpture by his own productions for
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