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101-694: Osuna is built on a hill, overlooking the fertile plain watered by the Salado, a sub-tributary of the Guadalquivir . The battle of Munda , the last battle won by Julius Caesar in person, was probably fought outside Osuna, halfway to Écija near La Lantejuela . Osuna was taken from the Almohads in 1239, and given by Alphonso X to the Order of Calatrava in 1264. Don Pedro Girón appropriated it to himself in 1445. One of his descendants, Don Pedro Téllez ,

202-716: A hydroelectricity project of the Franco regime . Doña Aldonza Dam is located in the Guadalquivir riverbed, in the Andalusian municipalities of Úbeda , Peal de Becerro and Torreperogil in the province of Jaén . The Port of Seville is the main port on the Guadalquivir River. The Port Authority of Seville is responsible for developing, managing, operating, and marketing the Port of Seville. The entrance to

303-461: A September 2013 Vanity Fair article, Nicholson said that he did not consider himself retired, but that he was now less driven to "be out there anymore". As of 2023, How Do You Know remains Nicholson's last film role, and brings his filmography to 80 films. In 2013, Nicholson co-presented the Academy Award for Best Picture with First Lady Michelle Obama , the eighth time he presented

404-407: A blockbuster, grossing $ 40 million. Biographer John Parker writes that Nicholson's interpretation of his role placed him in the company of earlier antihero actors, such as James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart , while promoting him into an "overnight number-one hero of the counter-culture movement". The part was a lucky break for Nicholson. The role had been written for Rip Torn , who withdrew from

505-412: A brand image like a product. You become Campbell's soup, with thirty-one different varieties of roles you can play." He told his new agent, Sandy Bresler, to find him unusual roles so he could stretch his acting skill: "I like to play people that haven't existed yet, a 'cusp character ' ", he said, "I have that creative yearning. Much in the way Chagall flies figures into the air: once it becomes part of

606-412: A career behind the camera as a writer/director. His first real taste of writing success was the screenplay for the 1967 counterculture film The Trip (directed by Corman), starring Peter Fonda and Dennis Hopper . After first reading the script, Fonda told Nicholson he was impressed by the writing and felt it could become a great film. But Fonda was disappointed with how the film turned out and blamed

707-505: A comedy-drama directed by Mike Nichols and co-starring Art Garfunkel , Ann-Margret , and Candice Bergen . He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor . Nichols felt few actors could handle the role, saying, "There is James Cagney, Spencer Tracy, Humphrey Bogart, and Henry Fonda. After that, who is there but Jack Nicholson?" During the filming, Nicholson struck up what became a lifelong friendship with Garfunkel. When he visited Los Angeles, Garfunkel stayed at Nicholson's home in

808-471: A corrupt border official. Richardson wanted Nicholson to play his role less expressively than he had in his earlier roles. "Less is more", he told him, and wanted him to wear reflecting sunglasses to portray what patrolmen wore. Richardson recalled that Nicholson worked hard on the set: He's what the Thirties and Forties stars were like. He can come on the set and deliver, without any fuss, without taking

909-544: A crucial point for the defense of the border line with the Nasrid kingdom of Granada . In the 15th century, the knights of Calatrava ceded the city of Osuna to Pedro Téllez de Girón, whose descendants received the title of Dukes of Osuna during the reign of Philip II . Osuna experienced its moment of greatest splendor in the mid-16th century with the figure of Juan Téllez Girón , IV Count of Ureña, born in Osuna around 1494. He

1010-437: A great director. He said he wanted the film to have more of a "spy feeling [and] be more political". Nicholson began shooting the film from an unfinished script, notes Judith Crist , yet upon its completion he thought so highly of the film that he bought the world rights and recorded a reminiscence of working with Antonioni. Critic and screenwriter Penelope Gilliatt provides an overview of Nicholson's role, " The Passenger

1111-568: A guy's house, with lots of wood and shelves crowded with photos and mementos. One of Nicholson's successes came in 1975, with his role as Randle P. McMurphy in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest . The movie was an adaptation of Ken Kesey 's novel of the same name , and was directed by Miloš Forman and co-produced by Michael Douglas . Nicholson plays an anti-authoritarian patient at a mental hospital where he becomes an inspiring leader for

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1212-604: A journalist, David Locke, who during an assignment in North Africa decides to quit journalism and disappear by taking on a new hidden identity. Unfortunately, the dead person whose identity he takes on turns out to have been a weapons smuggler on the run. Antonioni's unusual plot included convincing dialogue and fine acting, states film critic Seymour Chatman . It was shot in Algeria, Spain, Germany, and England. The film received good reviews and revived Antonioni's reputation as

1313-515: A long time walking around getting into it. "What do you want? Okay." And he just does it straight off. And then if you want him to do it another way on the next take, he can adapt to that too. Nicholson won his second Oscar, an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , for his role of retired astronaut Garrett Breedlove in Terms of Endearment (1983), directed by James L. Brooks . It starred Shirley MacLaine and Debra Winger . McGilligan claims it

1414-685: A low-budget teen drama The Cry Baby Killer (1958), playing the title role. For the next decade, Nicholson frequently collaborated with the film's producer, Roger Corman . Corman directed Nicholson on several occasions, such as in The Little Shop of Horrors as undertaker (and masochistic dental patient) Wilbur Force; in The Raven ; The Terror , where he plays a French officer seduced by an evil ghost; and The St. Valentine's Day Massacre . Nicholson frequently worked with director Monte Hellman on low-budget westerns; two of them— Ride in

1515-404: A major transition from the exploitation films of the previous decade. "As Jake Gittes, he stepped into Bogart's shoes", says Ebert. "As a man attractive to audiences because he suggests both comfort and danger ... From Gittes forward, Nicholson created the persona of a man who had seen it all and was still capable of being wickedly amused." Nicholson had been friends with Polanski long before

1616-523: A move he sometimes characterized as an effort to "dodge the draft"; the Korean War era's Military Selective Service Act was still in force, and draftees were required to perform up to two years of active duty. After completing the Air Force 's basic training at Lackland Air Force Base , Nicholson performed weekend drills and two-week annual training as a firefighter assigned to the unit based at

1717-534: A nefarious Boston Irish Mob boss based on Whitey Bulger , who was still on the run at the time. The role earned Nicholson worldwide critical praise, along with various awards and nominations, including a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture nomination. In 2007, Nicholson co-starred with Morgan Freeman in Rob Reiner 's The Bucket List , in which Nicholson and Freeman portrayed dying men who fulfill their list of goals. In researching

1818-559: A piece of pop art ", he said. For his role as hot-headed Col. Nathan R. Jessup in A Few Good Men (1992), a movie about a murder in a U.S. Marine Corps unit, Nicholson received yet another Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor. One review describes his performance as "spellbinding", adding that he portrayed "the essence of the quintessential military mindset". Critic David Thomson notes that Nicholson's character "blazed and roared". The film's director, Rob Reiner , recalls how Nicholson's level of acting experience affected

1919-453: A previous forecast by Julius Caesar , it was refounded by Mark Antony with veterans of the last civil wars, giving it the status of a colony of Roman citizens and the official name of Colonia Genetiva Iulia, also documented in some inscriptions. Its founding colonial law is preserved, although incomplete, an important bronze inscription on several tables, known as Lex Ursonensis (although the name "Urso" does not appear on it even once), which

2020-497: A private detective. The film co-starred Faye Dunaway and John Huston , and included a cameo role with Polanski. Ebert called Nicholson's portrayal sharp-edged, menacing, and aggressive, a character who knew "how to go over the top", as he did in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest . That edge kept Chinatown from becoming a typical genre crime film. Ebert also notes the importance of the role for Nicholson's career, seeing it as

2121-414: A retired Omaha , Nebraska , actuary who questions his own life after his wife dies. His quietly restrained performance earned him nominations for an Academy Award , BAFTA Award , Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actor. In Anger Management (2003), he played an aggressive therapist assigned to help an overly pacifist man ( Adam Sandler ). In 2003, Nicholson also starred in

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2222-610: A room Nicholson jokingly called "the Arthur Garfunkel Suite". Other Nicholson roles included Hal Ashby 's The Last Detail (1973), with Randy Quaid , for which Nicholson won Best Actor at the Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for his third Oscar and a Golden Globe. Television journalist David Gilmour writes that one of his favorite Nicholson scenes from all his films was the often censored one in this film, when Nicholson slaps his gun on

2323-667: A small role in The Last Tycoon opposite Robert De Niro . He took a less sympathetic role in Arthur Penn 's western The Missouri Breaks (1976), specifically to work with Marlon Brando . Nicholson was especially inspired by Brando's acting ability, recalling that in his youth, as an assistant manager at a theater, he watched On the Waterfront about 40 times. He once stated, "Marlon Brando influenced me strongly. Today, it's hard for people who weren't there to realize

2424-473: A studio Method actor ", he said. "So I was prone to give some kind of clinical presentation of the disorder." His Oscar was matched by the Academy Award for Best Actress for Helen Hunt , who played a Manhattan single mother drawn into a love/hate friendship with Udall, a frequent diner in the restaurant where she works as a waitress. The film was a box-office success, grossing $ 314 million, making it Nicholson's second-best-grossing film, after Batman . The win

2525-406: A tree and I read a book.' That sounds like Jack." Adler stated that Nicholson was "doing whatever he really wants to do," adding, "He wants to be quiet. He wants to eat what he wants. He wants to live the life he wants." Nicholson has described Marlon Brando as a major influence on his career. He stated, "Actors don't normally discuss who the best actor in the world is, because it's obvious—Brando

2626-481: A variety of names for the Guadalquivir in Classical and pre-Classical times. According to Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome , Book 28, the native people of Tartessians or Turdetanians called the river by two names: Certis (Kertis) and Rherkēs ( Ῥέρκης ). Greek geographers sometimes called it "the river of Tartessos ", after the city of that name. The Romans called it by the name Baetis (which

2727-431: A writer and slept short hours to help remain in an agitated state during the shoot. His co-star Shelley Duvall recalled that she and Nicholson spent many hours discussing their characters, with Nicholson maintaining that his character be cold to her from the start. On the set, Nicholson always appeared in character and if Kubrick felt confident that Nicholson knew his lines well enough, he encouraged him to improvise beyond

2828-793: Is a character, halfway between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Over the course of thirty years he created the largest and most dazzling monumental complex of the Sevillian Renaissance in the city of Osuna, with the construction of thirteen churches and convents, a hospital, the University , the Collegiate Church and the Ducal Sepulchre, which made him the patron most important of his time. Osuna

2929-415: Is a very curious, alive human being. Always ready for a new idea." Nicholson himself said as much, telling an interviewer, "I like listening to everybody. This to me is the elixir of life." There is James Cagney , Spencer Tracy , Humphrey Bogart , and Henry Fonda . After that, who is there but Jack Nicholson? — Mike Nichols , director Black later admitted that she had a crush on Nicholson from

3030-482: Is also known for his notable roles in Carnal Knowledge (1971), The Shining (1980), Heartburn (1986), Broadcast News (1987), Batman (1989), Hoffa (1992), Mars Attacks! (1996), Something's Gotta Give (2003), The Departed (2006), and The Bucket List (2007). Nicholson has directed three films, Drive, He Said (1971), Goin' South (1978), and The Two Jakes (1990). He

3131-492: Is always interesting, clearly conceived, and has the X-factor, magic. Jack is particularly suited for roles that require intelligence. He is an intelligent and literate man, and these are almost impossible to act. In The Shining you believe he's a writer, failed or otherwise. —Stanley Kubrick Although he garnered no Academy Award for Stanley Kubrick 's adaptation of Stephen King 's The Shining (1980), his role in

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3232-617: Is an American retired actor and filmmaker. Nicholson is widely regarded as one of the greatest actors of the 20th century. Throughout his five-decade career he received numerous accolades , including three Academy Awards , three BAFTA Film Awards , six Golden Globe Awards , and a Grammy Award . He also received the American Film Institute's Life Achievement Award in 1994 and the Kennedy Center Honor in 2001. In many of his films, he played rebels against

3333-459: Is an actor who can reflect almost anything in his face. One reason his performance is so good as Hoffa is that he reveals almost nothing." Nicholson won his next Academy Award for Best Actor in the romantic comedy As Good as It Gets (1997), his third film directed by James L. Brooks . He played Melvin Udall, a "wickedly funny", mean-spirited novelist with obsessive-compulsive disorder . "I'm

3434-464: Is an unidealized portrait of a drained man whose one remaining stimulus is to push his luck. Again and again, in the movie, we watch him court danger. It interests him to walk the edge of risk. He does it with passivity as if he were taking part in an expressionless game of double-dare with life. Jack Nicholson's performance is a wonder of insight. How to animate a personality that is barely there. Nicholson continued to take more unusual roles. He took

3535-574: Is characterized by having a mediterranean climate ( Csa in Köppen climate classification ). Summers are very hot and dry, while winters are mild and has moderate precipitation. Winter nights are particularly cool, but temperatures rarely drop below 0 °C (32 °F), while summer nights tend to be warm, sometimes quite hot during heat waves . On the top of the hill stands the collegiate church, dating from 1534 and containing interesting Spanish and early German paintings. These, however, as well as

3636-773: Is everywhere; his energy propels the ward of loonies and makes of them an ensemble, a chorus of people caught in a bummer with nowhere else to go, but still fighting for some frail sense of themselves. ... There are scenes in Cuckoo's Nest that are as intimate—and in their language, twice as rough—as the best moments in The Godfather ... [and] far above the general run of Hollywood performances. — Marie Brenner, Texas Monthly Also in 1975, Nicholson starred in Michelangelo Antonioni 's The Passenger (1975), which co-starred Maria Schneider . Nicholson plays

3737-680: Is kept in the National Archaeological Museum of Madrid . A century later, Pliny the Elder cites it as Colonia Genetiva Urbanorum Urso (NH, III.12). During the period of Muslim domination it was called Uxuna, being conquered in 1239 by the Castilian armies of Ferdinand III of Castile . In 1264 it was handed over to the Order of Calatrava , which created the Encomienda of Osuna. Due to its strategic location, it became

3838-522: Is one of only three male actors to win three Academy Awards and one of only two actors to be nominated for an Academy Award for acting in films made in every decade from the 1960s to the 2000s (alongside Michael Caine ). His 12 Academy Award nominations make him the most nominated male actor in the Academy's history . John Joseph Nicholson was born on April 22, 1937, in Neptune City, New Jersey ,

3939-402: Is the best.” He also named John Ford , Akira Kurosawa , and Orson Welles as his favorite directors. Actors who have cited Nicholson as an influence include Leonardo DiCaprio , Alden Ehrenreich , and Morgan Freeman . In his personal life, Nicholson is notorious for his inability to "settle down"; he has fathered six children by five women but married only once. Nicholson's marriage

4040-748: Is the fifth-longest river in the Iberian Peninsula and the second-longest river with its entire length in Spain . The Guadalquivir is the only major navigable river in Spain. Currently it is navigable from Seville to the Gulf of Cádiz , but in Roman times it was navigable from Córdoba . The river is 657 km (408 mi) long and drains an area of about 58,000 km (22,000 sq mi). It rises at Cañada de las Fuentes (village of Quesada ) in

4141-585: The Americas , Seville became the economic centre of the Spanish Empire, because its port, under the jurisdiction of the Casa de Contratación (House of Trade), had come to hold the monopoly of the trans-oceanic trade. As early as the Middle Ages navigation of the Guadalquivir River was already becoming increasingly difficult: by the year 1500, a great deal of heavy cargo was being handled farther downstream at

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4242-656: The Cazorla mountain range ( Jaén ), flows through Córdoba and Seville and reaches the sea between the municipalities of Almonte and the fishing village of Bonanza , in Sanlúcar de Barrameda , flowing into the Gulf of Cádiz, in the Atlantic Ocean . The course of the Guadalquivir is divided into three parts. This division is based on the main course of the river and its confluence with other rivers. The upper course of

4343-602: The Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 56th Golden Globe Awards , he recalled that his first day as a working actor (on Tales of Wells Fargo ) was May 5, 1955, which he considered lucky, as 5 was the jersey number of his boyhood idol, Joe DiMaggio . He trained to be an actor with a group called the Players Ring Theater, after which he found small parts performing on the stage and in TV soap operas. He made his film debut in

4444-665: The Nancy Meyers directed romantic comedy Something's Gotta Give playing an aging playboy who falls for the mother ( Diane Keaton ) of his young girlfriend. For his performance he was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy . In late 2006, Nicholson marked his return to the dark side in Martin Scorsese's Oscar-winning film The Departed , a remake of Andrew Lau 's Infernal Affairs , playing Frank Costello ,

4545-697: The Van Nuys Airport . During the Berlin Crisis of 1961 , Nicholson was called up for several months of extended active duty, and he was discharged at the end of his enlistment in 1962. Nicholson first came to California in 1950, when he was 13, to visit his sister. He took a job as an office worker for animation directors William Hanna and Joseph Barbera at the MGM cartoon studio . They offered him an entry-level job as an animator, but he declined, citing his desire to become an actor. While accepting

4646-462: The murder of Polanski's wife, Sharon Tate , by the Manson Family , and supported him in the days following her death. After Tate's death, Nicholson began sleeping with a hammer under his pillow and took breaks from work to attend Manson's trial. In 1977, three years after Chinatown , Polanski was arrested at Nicholson's home for the sexual assault of 13-year-old Samantha Geimer, who

4747-485: The Academy Award for Best Picture (1972, 1977, 1978, 1990, 1993, 2006, 2007, and 2013). On February 15, 2015, Nicholson made a special appearance as a presenter on SNL 40 , the 40th anniversary special of Saturday Night Live . After the death of boxer Muhammad Ali on June 3, 2016, Nicholson appeared on HBO 's The Fight Game with Jim Lampley for an exclusive interview about his friendship with Ali. He

4848-556: The Arab rule between 712 and 1248 the Moors built a stone dock and the Torre del Oro (Tower of Gold), to reinforce the port defences. In the 13th century Ferdinand III expanded the shipyards and from Seville's busy port, grain, oil, wine, wool, leather, cheese, honey, wax, nuts and dried fruit, salted fish, metal, silk, linen and dye were exported throughout Europe. Following the discovery of

4949-642: The Guadalquivir runs from Palma del Río to the sea. On its lower course, the Guadalquivir is joined by the river Corbonés and (from the north west) by the Rivera de Huelva . The marshy lowlands at the river's mouth are known as " Las Marismas ". Here, the river borders the Doñana National Park reserve. The modern name of Guadalquivir comes from the Arabic al- wādī l-kabīr ( اَلْوَادِي الْكَبِيرْ ), meaning "the great river". There were

5050-522: The November 2, 2023, episode of Marc Maron 's podcast, WTF with Marc Maron , record producer Lou Adler , a longtime friend of Nicholson's, related an anecdote pertaining to the unofficial retirement of the actor, who had not done a film in the 13 years since How Do You Know , saying, "A friend of mine wanted to put him in a movie. And he had a conversation with him. But Jack says, 'I don't want to do it.' He goes, 'You know what I did today? I sat under

5151-497: The Port of Seville handled almost 4.9 million tonnes (5.4 million short tons) of cargo, including 3.0 million tonnes (3.3 million short tons) of solid bulk, 1.6 million tonnes (1.8 million short tons) of general cargo, and over 264,000 tonnes (291,000 short tons) of liquid bulk. Almost 1,500 vessels brought cargo into the port, including more than 101,000 TEUs of containerized cargo . Jack Nicholson John Joseph Nicholson (born April 22, 1937)

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5252-402: The Port of Seville is protected by a lock that regulates the water level, making the port free of tidal influences. The Port of Seville has over 2,700 m (8,900 ft) of berths for public use and 1,100 m (3,600 ft) of private berths. These docks and berths are used for solid and liquid bulk cargoes, roll-on/roll-off cargoes, containers, private vessels and cruise ships. In 2001,

5353-513: The Whirlwind and The Shooting —initially failed to interest U.S. film distributors but gained cult success on the French art-house circuit and were later sold to television. Nicholson also appeared in two episodes of The Andy Griffith Show , and starred as a rebellious dirt-track race driver in the 1960 film The Wild Ride . With his acting career foundering, Nicholson seemed resigned to

5454-573: The bar yelling he was the Shore Patrol. Critic Roger Ebert called it a very good movie, but credited Nicholson's acting as the main reason: "He creates a character so complete and so complex that we stop thinking about the movie and just watch to see what he'll do next." In 1974, Nicholson starred in Roman Polanski 's noir thriller Chinatown , and was again nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role as Jake Gittes,

5555-724: The character Locke (played by Jack Nicholson ) is assassinated in a hotel set in Osuna (Hotel de la Gloria), although actually filmed in Vera (Almería), Spain. In 2014, parts of the fifth season of HBO's Game of Thrones were filmed in the town. This article about a location in Andalusia, Spain, is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Guadalquivir The Guadalquivir ( / ˌ ɡ w ɑː d əl k ɪ ˈ v ɪər / , also UK : /- k w ɪ ˈ -/ , US : /- k iː ˈ -, ˌ ɡ w ɑː d əl ˈ k w ɪ v ər / , Spanish: [ɡwaðalkiˈβiɾ] )

5656-529: The conventional wisdom, it doesn't seem particularly adventurous or weird or wild." Also in 1970, Nicholson appeared in the film adaptation of On a Clear Day You Can See Forever , although most of his performance was left on the cutting room floor . His agent turned down a starring role in Deliverance when the film's producer and director, John Boorman , refused to pay what Nicholson's agent wanted. In 1971, Nicholson starred in Carnal Knowledge ,

5757-535: The editing for turning it into a "predictable" film and said so publicly. "I was livid", he recalls. Nicholson also co-wrote, with Bob Rafelson , the movie Head , which starred The Monkees , and arranged the movie's soundtrack. Nicholson's first big acting break came when a role opened up in Fonda and Hopper's Easy Rider (1969). He played alcoholic lawyer George Hanson, for which he received his first Oscar nomination. The film cost only $ 400,000 to make, and became

5858-408: The film as writer Jack Torrance remains one of his more significant. He was Kubrick's first choice to play the role, although the book's author, Stephen King, wanted more of an "everyman". Kubrick won the argument and called Nicholson's acting "on a par with the greatest stars of the past, like Spencer Tracy and Jimmy Cagney ". In preparation for the role, Nicholson drew upon his own experiences as

5959-486: The film commenced, the project fizzled out , partly due to a change in ownership at MGM. In 1970, Nicholson starred in Five Easy Pieces alongside Karen Black in what became his persona-defining role. Nicholson and Black were nominated for Academy Awards for their performances. Nicholson played Bobby Dupea, an oil rig worker, and Black played his waitress girlfriend. Black noted that Nicholson's character in

6060-442: The film was very subdued and very different from Nicholson's real personality. She said that the now-infamous restaurant scene was partly improvised by Nicholson, and was out of character for Bobby, who would not have cared enough to argue with a waitress. "I think that Jack really has very little in common with Bobby. I think Bobby has given up looking for love. But Jack hasn't, he's very interested in love, in finding out things. Jack

6161-562: The filming, with Hunt saying that he "treated me like a queen", and they connected immediately: "It wasn't even what we said", she said. "It was just some frequency we both could tune into that was very, very compatible." Critic Jack Mathews of Newsday said Nicholson was "in rare form", adding, "it's one of those performances that make you aware how much fun the actor is having". Author and screenwriter Andrew Horton describes their on-screen relationship as being like "fire and ice, oil and water—seemingly complete opposites". In 2001, Nicholson

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6262-772: The flood of 1963 when 6,000 m /s (210,000 cu ft/s). was reached. During August 2010, when flooding occurred in Jaén, Córdoba and Seville, three people died in Córdoba. The Doñana disaster , also known as the Aznalcóllar Disaster or Guadiamar Disaster was an industrial accident in Andalusia. In April 1998 a holding dam burst at the Los Frailes mine, near Aznalcóllar , Seville Province , releasing 4 to 5 million cubic metres (140 to 180 million cubic feet) of mine tailings. The Doñana National Park

6363-526: The harbor of Sanlúcar de Barrameda , where the Guadalquivir exits into the sea. As a consequence, Seville finally lost its trade monopoly to Cádiz . During the late 18th century, a long series of works was started to again provide Seville with a good connection to the sea. The construction of the canal known as the Corta de Merlina in 1794 marked the beginning of the modernisation of the port of Seville. After five years of work (2005–2010), in late November 2010

6464-662: The impact that Brando had on an audience. ... He's always been the patron saint of actors". "I'm part of the first generation that idolized Marlon Brando", he said. Nicholson has observed that while both De Niro and Brando were noted for their skill as method actors , he himself has seldom been described as one, a fact he sees as an accomplishment: "I'm still fooling them", he told Sean Penn . "I consider it an accomplishment because there's probably no one who understands Method acting better academically than I do—or actually uses it more in his work. But it's funny, nobody really sees that. It's perception versus reality, I guess." His work

6565-585: The mouth of the Guadalquivir, although its site has not yet been found. The Romans , whose name for the river was Baetis , settled in Hispalis ( Seville ), in the 2nd century BC, making it into an important river port. By the 1st century BC, Hispalis was a walled city with shipyards building longboats to carry wheat. In the 1st century AD the Hispalis was home to entire naval squadrons. Ships sailed to Rome with various products: minerals, salt, fish, etc. During

6666-503: The movie is composed largely of first takes with him." In the 1989 Batman movie, Nicholson played the psychotic villain, the Joker . The film was an international smash hit, and a lucrative deal earned him a percentage of the box office gross estimated at $ 60 million to $ 90 million. Nicholson said that he was "particularly proud" of his performance as the Joker: "I considered it

6767-586: The new Seville lock designed to regulate tides was finally in operation. In Medieval times, the Guadalquivir was navigable for barges from Seville up to Córdoba. In the city, there were piers at the Albolafia mill and near the Martos Mill . The bulky wool transports often left from the Cortijo Rubio pier about 15 km downstream. In Medieval times, the river transport between Sevilla and Córdoba

6868-646: The other actors during rehearsals: "I had the luck of having Jack Nicholson there. He knows what he's doing, and he comes to play, every time out, full-out performance! And what it says to a lot of the other actors is, 'Oooooh, I better get on my game here because this guy's coming to play! So I can't hold back; I've got to come up to him.' He sets the tone." In 1996, Nicholson collaborated once more with Batman director Tim Burton on Mars Attacks! , pulling double duty as two contrasting characters, President James Dale and Las Vegas property developer Art Land. Not all of Nicholson's performances have been well received. He

6969-456: The other patients. Playing one of the patients was Danny DeVito in an early role. Nicholson learned afterward that DeVito grew up in the same area of New Jersey, and they knew many of the same people. The film received nine nominations at the Academy Awards, and won five, including Nicholson's first for Best Actor . The role seemed perfect for Nicholson, with biographer Ken Burke noting that his "smartass demeanor balances his genuine concern for

7070-425: The project after an argument with Hopper. Nicholson later acknowledged the importance of being cast in Easy Rider : "All I could see in the early films, before Easy Rider , was this desperate young actor trying to vault out of the screen and create a movie career." Stanley Kubrick , who was impressed by his performance in Easy Rider , cast Nicholson as Napoleon in a film about his life, and although production on

7171-406: The river runs from the source of the Guadalquivir roughly to Mengíbar . It includes its junction with the Guadalimar , just east of Mengíbar. The middle course curso medio starts near Mengíbar and ends near Palma del Río . It includes the river's confluence with the Guadiana Menor and the Genil . The latter confluence is located between Palma del Río and Peñaflor . The lower course of

7272-404: The river to the nearby Alcázar gardens. It was also used to mill flour. The Guadalquivir River Basin occupies an area of 63,085 km and has a long history of severe flooding. During the winter of 2010 heavy rainfall caused severe flooding in rural and agricultural areas in the provinces of Seville, Córdoba and Jaén in the Andalusia region. The accumulated rainfall in the month of February

7373-413: The river. In 1524 Fernán Pérez de Oliva made a famous speech about navigation between Sevilla and Córdoba. The use of the river section between Córdoba and Sevilla as a power source, was another reason for the decline of navigation on this section of the river. The weirs that stored water in order to guarantee a steady power supply for water mills, directly hindered navigation. There were openings in

7474-471: The role, Nicholson visited a Los Angeles hospital to see how cancer patients coped with their illnesses. Nicholson is the Hollywood celebrity who is most like a character in some ongoing novel of our times. He is also the most beloved of stars—not even his huge wealth, his reckless aging, and the public disasters of his private life can detract from this ... For he is still a touchstone, someone we value for

7575-627: The script. For example, Nicholson improvised his now-famous "Here's Johnny!" line, along with a scene in which he unleashes his anger on his wife when she interrupts his work. There were also extensive takes of scenes, due to Kubrick's perfectionism. Nicholson shot a scene with the ghostly bartender 36 times. He said, "Stanley's demanding. He'll do a scene fifty times, and you have to be good to do that." In 1982, he starred as an immigration enforcement agent in The Border , directed by Tony Richardson . It co-starred Warren Oates , who played

7676-465: The sculptures over the portal, suffered considerably during the occupation of the place by the French under Marshal Soult . The vaults, which are supported by Moorish arches, contain the tombs of the Girón family, and the church was founded by Don Juan Téllez. The university of Osuna, also founded by Don Juan Téllez in 1549, was suppressed in 1820. In Michelangelo Antonioni 's film, The Passenger ,

7777-548: The social structure. Nicholson has won three Academy Awards , for Best Actor in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) and in As Good as It Gets (1997), and for Best Supporting Actor in Terms of Endearment (1983). He was Oscar-nominated for Easy Rider (1969), Five Easy Pieces (1970), The Last Detail (1974), Chinatown (1974), Reds (1981), Prizzi's Honor (1986), Ironweed (1987), A Few Good Men , (1992) and About Schmidt (2002). Nicholson

7878-531: The son of a showgirl , June Frances Nicholson (stage name June Nilson; 1918–1963). Nicholson's mother was of Irish, English, German, and Welsh descent. Nicholson has identified as Irish, comparing himself to the playwright Eugene O'Neill , whom he played in the film Reds (1981): "I'm not saying I'm as dark as he was ... but I am a writer, I am Irish, I have had problems with my family." His mother married Italian-American showman Donald Furcillo (stage name Donald Rose; 1909–1997) in 1936, before realizing that he

7979-487: The time they met, although they dated only briefly. "He was very beautiful. He just looked right at you ... I liked him a lot ... He really sort of wanted to date me but I didn't think of him that way because I was going with Peter Kastner  ... Then I went to do Easy Rider , but didn't see him because we didn't have any scenes together ... At the premiere, I saw him out in the lobby afterward and I started crying ... He didn't understand that, but what it

8080-459: The treatment of his fellow patients with his independent spirit too free to exist in a repressive social structure". Forman allowed Nicholson to improvise throughout the film, including most of the group therapy sequences. Reviewer Marie Brenner notes that his bravura performance "transcends the screen" and continually inspires the other actors by lightening their mental illnesses with his comic dialogue. She describes his performance: Nicholson

8181-399: The way he helps us see ourselves. — David Thomson , a film critic. Nicholson's next film role saw him reunite with James L. Brooks , director of Terms of Endearment , Broadcast News and As Good as It Gets , for a supporting role for the 2010 film How Do You Know starring Paul Rudd , Reese Witherspoon , and Owen Wilson . The film was a financial and critical failure. In

8282-468: The weirs, but their passage caused much damage to the barges. The weirs also led to raising the river bed. Perez de Oliva proposed to build locks in these weirs as a preliminary measure to restore navigation. In the end, the above developments put an end to inland navigation in the area. The iconic Albolafia is a hydropowered scoop wheel . It was originally built by the Romans and lifted water from

8383-422: The writer Eugene O'Neill with a quiet intensity; Prizzi's Honor (1985); Heartburn (1986); The Witches of Eastwick (1987); Broadcast News (1987); and Ironweed (1987). Three Oscar nominations also followed ( Reds , Prizzi's Honor , and Ironweed ). John Huston , who directed Prizzi's Honor , said of Nicholson's acting, "He just illuminates the book. He impressed me in one scene after another;

8484-445: Was Nicholson's third Academy Award, tying him with six other actors, Walter Brennan , Ingrid Bergman , Meryl Streep , Daniel Day-Lewis , and Frances McDormand who all have three acting Oscars. Nicholson admits he initially disliked playing a middle-aged man alongside a much younger Hunt, seeing it as a movie cliché. "But Helen disarmed that at the first meeting", he says, "and I stopped thinking about it." They got along well during

8585-491: Was above 250 mm (10 in), double the precipitation for Spain for that month. In March 2010 several tributaries of the Guadalquivir flooded, causing over 1,500 people to flee their homes as a result of the increased flow of the Guadalquivir, which on 6 March 2010 reached 2,000 m /s (71,000 cu ft/s) in Córdoba and 2,700 m /s (95,000 cu ft/s) in Seville. This was below that recorded in Seville in

8686-543: Was actually his mother, and his other "sister", Lorraine, was really his aunt. By this time, both his mother and grandmother had died (in 1963 and 1970, respectively). On finding out, Nicholson said it was "a pretty dramatic event, but it wasn't what I'd call traumatizing ... I was pretty well psychologically formed". Nicholson grew up in Neptune City, New Jersey . Before starting high school, his family moved to an apartment in Spring Lake, New Jersey . "Nick", as he

8787-571: Was already married. Biographer Patrick McGilligan stated in his book Jack's Life that Latvian-born Eddie King (originally Edgar A. Kirschfeld), June's manager, may have been Nicholson's biological father, rather than Furcillo. Other sources suggest June Nicholson was unsure of the father's identity. As June was only 17 and unmarried, her parents agreed to raise Nicholson as their own child without revealing his true parentage, with June acting as his sister. In 1974, Time magazine researchers learned, and informed Nicholson, that his "sister", June,

8888-452: Was also affected by this event. Of the numerous bridges spanning the Guadalquivir, one of the oldest is the Roman bridge of Córdoba . Significant bridges at Seville include the Puente del Alamillo (1992), Puente de Isabel II or Puente de Triana (1852), and Puente del Centenario (completed in 1992). The El Tranco de Beas Dam at the head of the river was built between 1929 and 1944 as

8989-442: Was in a relationship with singer Michelle Phillips , the ex-wife of his best friend Dennis Hopper , during which time she suffered a miscarriage. Nicholson's longest relationship was 17 years with actress Anjelica Huston , from 1973 until 1990. Their on-again, off-again romance included several periods of overlap with other women, notably former Bond girl Jill St. John and Danish model Winnie Hollman, with whom Nicholson fathered

9090-552: Was known to his high school friends, attended nearby Manasquan High School , where he was voted "Class Clown" by the Class of 1954. He was in detention every day for a whole school year. A theatre and a drama award at the school are named in his honor. In 2004, Nicholson attended his 50-year high school reunion accompanied by his aunt Lorraine. In 1957, Nicholson joined the California Air National Guard ,

9191-477: Was managed by the Barqueros de Córdoba. In medieval times, the navigable river gave Córdoba a cost advantage. It had relatively cheap transport to the sea, and thence to the world markets. Main imports like iron and wood, were also cheaper in Córdoba than in cities that lacked aquatic transport. During the 16th century, the silting up of the Guadalquivir became ever more serious and started to halt navigation on

9292-461: Was modeling for Polanski during a magazine photo shoot around the pool. At the time, Nicholson was out of town making a film, but his steady girlfriend, actress Anjelica Huston , had dropped by unannounced to pick up some items. She heard Polanski in the other room say, "We'll be right out." Polanski then came out with Geimer and introduced her to Huston, and they chatted about Nicholson's two large dogs, which were sitting nearby. Huston recalled Geimer

9393-489: Was nominated for Razzie Awards as worst actor for Man Trouble (1992) and Hoffa (1992). But his performance in Hoffa also earned him a Golden Globe nomination. David Thomson states that the film was terribly neglected, since Nicholson portrayed one of his best screen characters, someone who is "snarly, dumb, smart, noble, rascally—all the parts of 'Jack'". Roger Ebert also praised his performance writing, "Nicholson

9494-489: Was one of Nicholson's most complex and unforgettable characters. He and MacLaine played many of their scenes in different ways, constantly testing and making adjustments. Their scenes together gave the film its "buoyant edge", states McGilligan, and describes Nicholson's acting as "Jack floating like a butterfly". Nicholson continued to work prolifically in the 1980s, starring in such films as: The Postman Always Rings Twice (1981); Reds (1981), where Nicholson portrays

9595-652: Was reported to be starring in an English-language remake of Toni Erdmann in 2017 opposite Kristen Wiig , his first feature film role since How Do You Know , but the project was later abandoned. In October 2019, with the release of The Shining sequel Doctor Sleep , director Mike Flanagan revealed he approached Nicholson for a cameo appearance , but Nicholson declined with best wishes. Flanagan also disclosed that Nicholson had previously been approached to appear in Steven Spielberg 's science-fiction film Ready Player One (2018). During an appearance in

9696-601: Was the basis for name of the province of Hispania Baetica ). During a significant portion of the Holocene , the western Guadalquivir valley was occupied by an inland sea, the Tartessian Gulf . The Phoenicians established the first anchorage grounds and dealt in precious metals. The ancient city of Tartessos (that gave its name to the Tartessian Civilization) was said to have been located at

9797-841: Was the first actor to receive the Stanislavsky Award at the 23rd Moscow International Film Festival for "conquering the heights of acting and faithfulness". That same year Nicholson starred in The Pledge , a mystery drama where he portrays retired police detective Jerry Black, who vows to find a murderer of a young girl. Nicholson was praised for his performance; Bob Graham of the San Francisco Chronicle called it "deeply felt" compared to some of Nicholson's other films. Nicholson acted in Alexander Payne 's comedy-drama About Schmidt (2002), playing

9898-611: Was the first holder of the title duke of Osuna, conferred on him by Philip II in 1562. Among famous people associated with Osuna is Juan de Ayala , the commander of the first European ship to enter the San Francisco Bay in California . The origin of Osuna dates back to about three thousand years ago, when the Turdetans inhabited the city that would later be known as Urso. In the year 44-43 BC. C., fulfilling

9999-622: Was to The Terror co-star Sandra Knight from 1962 to 1968, though they separated in 1966. The couple had one daughter, Jennifer (born September 13, 1963). Five Easy Pieces co-star Susan Anspach contended that her son Caleb (born September 26, 1970), whose legal father was Mark Goddard , was actually Nicholson's biological son. In 1984, Nicholson said he was not convinced of this, but in 1996, Caleb said that Nicholson had recognized him as his son in private. By 1998, Nicholson publicly acknowledged Caleb as his son and said that they got along "beautifully now." In 1971 and 1972, Nicholson

10100-490: Was was that I really loved him a lot, and I didn't know it until I saw him again, because it all welled up." Within a month after its release that September, Five Easy Pieces became a blockbuster, making Nicholson a leading man and the "new American anti-hero", according to McDougal. Critics began speculating as to whether he might become another Marlon Brando or James Dean . His career and income skyrocketed. He said, "I have [become] much sought after. Your name becomes

10201-549: Was wearing platform heels and appeared quite tall. After a few minutes of talking, Polanski had packed up his camera gear and Huston saw them drive off in his car. Huston told police the next day, after Polanski was arrested, that she "had witnessed nothing untoward" and never saw them together in the other room. Geimer learned afterward that Huston herself was not supposed to be at Nicholson's house that day, since they had recently broken up, but stopped over to pick up some belongings. Geimer described Nicholson's house as "definitely"

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