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25-397: The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Mustafa III to serve as his imperial or sultanic mosque . Although it was tradition among earlier sultans to build their imperial mosque in commemoration of a major military success, Mustafa III ignored this tradition by ordering the construction before any such victories. Construction began on 5 April 1760 and was completed on 9 March 1764. According to

50-516: A contemporary writer, the mosque was officially named Nur Mustafa ('Light of Mustafa'), but it became popularly known as the Laleli Mosque ('Mosque of the Tulips') after the name of the neighbourhood where it was built. The architect of the mosque is not confirmed by historical documentation, but art historians have attributed the mosque to Mehmed Tahir Agha , the chief imperial architect at

75-449: A fountain in the center. The mosque is oriented along a northwest-southeast axis, and has a rectangular courtyard about twice the size of the prayer hall to the northwest. This courtyard has a continuous arcade with eighteen domed bays and an ablution fountain in the center. The mosque itself has a brick and masonry base, with a masonry superstructure and octagonal drum supporting the dome. There are two minarets located at either end of

100-606: A large fifteen day circumcision ceremony took place for Mustafa, and his brothers, princes Süleyman, Mehmed, and Bayezid. In 1730, after the Patrona Halil revolt led to the deposition of his father Sultan Ahmed III and the succession of his cousin Sultan Mahmud I , Mustafa, his father, and brothers were imprisoned in the Topkapı Palace . In 1756, after the death of his elder half-brother Mehmed, he became heir to

125-433: A plot of trees and buildings to constitute the income of the foundation. In the zeyl foundation, dated 1797, there are provisions regarding the reorganization of the foundation's trustees. After her death, her daughter Beyhan Sultan built a school in the vicinity of Yeşilioğlu Palace, opposite of Hatice Sultan Palace in the memory of her mother. In 1805, Hatice Sultan built Adilşah Kadın Mosque in her memory. The mosque

150-419: Is well lit, with numerous windows in combinations of white and stained glass . The dome is 12.50 metres (41.0 feet) in diameter and 24.50 metres (80.4 feet) high on an octagonal drum of eight arches, with semi-domes at the corner arches and larger semi-domes joining the arches above the mihrab and the central bay of the narthex . Some of the structures of the Laleli Mosque's kulliye have disappeared over

175-867: The Fatih Mosque , which was built by Mehmed the Conqueror , were rebuilt from the ground during his reign. In addition, he had built Laleli Mosque complex, and the shore along the Yenikapı filled to set up a new neighborhood. Apart from these, he undertook other construction projects after the earthquakes of 1766 , and 1767. He was a poet, his poetry being written under the pseudonym of Cihangir . ( Ottoman Turkish ) "Yıkılupdur bu cihan sanma ki bizde düzele Devleti çarh-ı deni verdi kamu müptezele Şimdi erbab-ı saadette gezen hep hazele İşimiz kaldı hemen merhamet-i lem yezele." (Translation) "This world has ruined, don't even think with us it recovers, It

200-460: The Topkapı Palace . After the death of Mustafa in 1774, she and her daughters settled in the Old Palace. Due to the isolated environment, both her daughters developed symptoms of depression, anxiety, and other troubling behaviors. Adilşah then wrote to the new sultan, Abdülhamid I , half-brother of Mustafa III, to allow her daughters to marry, which would allow them to leave confinement in

225-421: The portico flanking the courtyard entrances. The Laleli Mosque is an octagon inscribed within a rectangle, with a gallery on its western end. The walls make use of colorful variegated marbles in red, blue, yellow and browns, further decorated with medallions in opus sectile using also semi-precious onyx and jaspers . The mihrab and minbar are likewise richly decorated with precious marbles. The interior

250-575: The Palace. The sultan granted her request and found husbands for the two princesses. She had two foundations in the VGM Archive, which are recorded in the book numbered K.171. In her original foundation, dated 1795, it is seen that she devoted the mosque she had built in Istanbul, determined the officers of the mosque, the services they will do and their wages. She also devoted three large farms and

275-764: The Russians, but in fact the Ottomans were unprepared for a long war. During the war, military reforms were undertaken, with the assistance of French officer François Baron de Tott . They included the modernization of artillery corps and the foundation of the Naval Engineering School in 1773. The war was disastrous for the Ottoman Empire. The Russian armies occupied the Crimea , Romania and parts of Bulgaria . Many monumental buildings including

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300-419: The complex after his death in 1774. The mosque and its complex were damaged by the 1766 earthquake and, according to Ünver Rüstem, by a fire in 1783. In 1783 it was fully restored. The restoration, which Doğan Kuban attributes to the architect Seyit Mustafa Agha, preserved the original mosque's appearance. The mausoleum's façade was updated with new marble window frames in the early 19th century. The madrasa of

325-466: The complex was destroyed by fire in 1911. The mosque was built in the Ottoman Baroque style of its time. The layout is based on that of the earlier Selimiye Mosque of Edirne from the classical period , in accordance with Mustafa III's wishes. The decoration of the mosque and its complex is firmly baroque. The mosque incorporates thus the visual style of the earlier Nuruosmaniye Mosque –

350-495: The first imperial mosque in the Ottoman Baroque style, completed by Mustafa III's predecessor – but in a more restrained way that integrates it with more traditional Ottoman architecture. The mosque was built on a high terrace over a complex of vaulted shops, whose rents were intended to financially support the mosque complex. Underneath the mosque structure itself is a great hall, supported by eight enormous pillars with

375-594: The first time. Koca Ragıp Pasha , who remained grand vizier until 1763, pursued a peace policy towards neighboring countries. But the increasing influence of Russia over the Caucasus and its intention to control Poland created tension between the Ottomans and Russia. Ragıp Pasha's successor Muhsinzade Mehmed Pasha also preferred to remain at peace, and Mustafa's insistence on war ("I will find some means of humbling those infidels" ) with Russia led to his resignation in 1768. The Sultan expected to gain an easy victory over

400-572: The larger Büyük Yeni Han located in the commercial district north of the Grand Bazaar . The Tayyare Apartments were built in 1922 next to the mosque on the ground of 1911 burnt down Koska Madrasa , which belonged to the mosque's complex. The buildings were redeveloped into a five-star hotel. (See also: Ottoman architectural decoration ) Mustafa III Mustafa III ( / ˈ m ʊ s t ə f ə / ; Ottoman Turkish : مصطفى ثالث Muṣṭafā-yi sālis ; 28 January 1717 – 21 January 1774)

425-639: The laws he had enforced were followed. Mustafa much admired Frederick the Great 's generalship, and in 1761 established a peace treaty with Prussia. Frederick wanted an alliance against the Habsburgs, and Mustafa wanted to modernize his state and army. Mustafa preferred recruiting his officers in Berlin, rather than in Paris and London, to re-organize his army. In 1763, the two countries exchanged their diplomats for

450-503: The throne. Mustafa ascended the throne on 30 October 1757, after the death of his cousin Osman III , the son of Sultan Mustafa II . Soon after his accession to the throne, Mustafa demonstrated a special care for justice. He took a number of measures to increase prosperity in Istanbul. He regulated coinage, built large grain stores, maintained aqueducts, and established a strict fiscal policy. He traveled frequently and checked whether

475-473: The time of the mosque's completion. On average, about 770 workers were employed in the project and about two thirds of them were non-Muslims, the rest being Muslim. The mosque was the centerpiece of a larger complex ( külliye ) that included the Mustafa III's tomb, a nearby caravanserai which provided some revenues to the complex, a sebil, and a madrasa. Mustafa III was buried in the mausoleum attached to

500-400: The tomb of Adilşah Kadın , set within an ornate bronze grille representative of Ottoman metalwork at the time. The waqf ( endowment ) of the complex also included a number of buildings throughout the city which provided revenues for the upkeep of the mosque and its külliye . Among the notable inclusions were two caravanserais: the nearby Taş Han (formerly known as the Çukurçeşme Han) and

525-399: The years, but the mausoleum facing Ordu Street remains. It is an octagonal domed türbe and contains the graves of Mustafa III, his son and successor Selim III , and his daughters Hibetullah and Fatma Sultan and Mihrimah Sultan. The interior is decorated with reused İznik tiles from the 16th century, and a band of calligraphy encircles the upper walls. In the graveyard next to the türbe is

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550-524: Was a consort of Ottoman Sultan Mustafa III . Of Circassian descent, Adilşah became the concubine consort of Mustafa III via the Black Sea slave trade . She was given the title of 'Third Consort'. On 13 January, 1766, she gave birth to her first child a daughter, Beyhan Sultan in the Topkapı Palace. Two years later, on 14 June 1768 she gave birth to her second child a daughter, Hatice Sultan in

575-407: Was buried in his own mausoleum located at Laleli Mosque, Istanbul. He was succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I . His death left the empire struggling with economic and administrative problems. Adil%C5%9Fah Kad%C4%B1n Ayşe Adilşah Kadın ( Ottoman Turkish : عادل شاہ قادین ; " the living one " or " womanly " and " fairness/justice of the Şah"; c.  1748 - 19 December 1803)

600-461: Was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774. He was a son of Sultan Ahmed III (1703–30), and his consort Mihrişah Kadın . He was succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I (1774–89). Mustafa was born at the Edirne Palace on 28 January 1717. His father was Sultan Ahmed III , and his mother was Mihrişah Kadın . He had a full brother named Şehzade Süleyman. In 1720,

625-477: Was the lousy fate that has delivered the power to vulgars, Now the perfidious ones have populated the Imperial Palace, It's now the mercy of the everlasting God that runs our business. Mustafa III had seven known consorts: Mustafa III had at least two sons: Mustafa III had at least nine daughters: Mustafa died of heart attack on Friday, 21 January 1774, at the Topkapı Palace, and

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