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73-420: Licorice Pizza is a 2021 American romantic comedy drama film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson . It stars Alana Haim and Cooper Hoffman in their film debuts, alongside an ensemble supporting cast including Sean Penn , Tom Waits , Bradley Cooper , and Benny Safdie . Set in 1973, the film follows the relationship between a teen actor (Hoffman) and a directionless young woman (Haim). The film

146-429: A waterbed company and pinball arcade . Goetzman at one time delivered a waterbed to Jon Peters 's home. Anderson considered Fast Times at Ridgemont High and American Graffiti as major influences in the making of Licorice Pizza . Anderson received permission from Jon Peters to develop a character based on him, on the sole condition that Peters's favorite pick-up line was used, and Anderson went on to create

219-492: A "monster version" of Peters based on 1970s Hollywood producers who had "a reputation for a lot of bravado and aggro energy." In September 2021, the film was officially titled Licorice Pizza , named after a former chain of record shops in southern California. Anderson explained: "If there's two words that make me kind of have a Pavlovian response and memory of being a child and running around, it's 'licorice' and 'pizza' [...] It instantly takes me back to that time." He added that

292-499: A Geisha , Slumdog Millionaire , Up in the Air , The Artist , Gloria Bell , and Malcolm & Marie . Director Richard Linklater helmed the prominent Before trilogy, consisting of Before Sunrise , Before Sunset , and Before Midnight . Kasautii Zindagii Kay is a popular Indian romantic drama television series of the 2000s. Same-sex romantic dramas that tackle LGBT issues include Brokeback Mountain , Blue

365-535: A Thief , Vertigo , The Crying Game , The Bodyguard , Unfaithful , Wicker Park , The Phantom of the Opera , The Tourist , and The Adjustment Bureau . The screenwriters taxonomy creates additional categories beyond "subgenre" when discussing films, making the argument that all narrative Hollywood films can be delineated into comedies or dramas (identified as a "film type"). The taxonomy also identifies fifty "macro genres", which can be paired with

438-509: A film starring veteran actor Jack Holden, who brings her to the Tail o' the Cock restaurant, where Gary and his friends are also dining. An inebriated Alana makes Gary jealous, and Holden's friend, film director Rex Blau, convinces him to recreate one of his motorcycle stunts on a nearby golf course, bringing the entire restaurant along. Alana topples off the bike as Holden accelerates away to jump over

511-495: A filmmaker's "voice" because the artistic choice to have the characters sing does not affect the story or the characters – it simply alters how the story and characters are conveyed. Therefore, a romance film like Grease would be categorized as a dramatic (type), romance (super genre), high school / coming of age (macro genres), musical (voice) – rather than simply as a "musical romance". Joel Wachs Joel Wachs ( / ˈ w æ k s / , wax ; born March 1, 1939)

584-461: A flaming sand trap, and Gary runs to her side. Reconciled, they walk to the waterbed store, where Gary stops himself from touching a sleeping Alana's breast. The 1973 oil crisis sweeps the country, forcing the waterbed manufacturer to close. Alana, Gary, and his friends make one final delivery to the home of Jon Peters . As he leaves to meet his girlfriend, Barbra Streisand , Peters humiliates Gary, threatening to strangle his brother if Gary damages

657-610: A lot of heart". In recognition of Wachs' involvement in promoting the arts, the City Council in 2002 named the intersection of Grand Avenue and Second Street as "Joel Wachs Square". It lies between the Museum of Contemporary Art and the Walt Disney Concert Hall . Wachs is portrayed by Benny Safdie in the film Licorice Pizza set in 1970s San Fernando Valley . In the film, Wachs's first mayoral campaign

730-620: A new one that ran from his home in Studio City to Sunland-Tujunga in the far northeast San Fernando Valley. He was nevertheless easily reelected in April 1987 in the realigned, more conservative district, despite the opposition of the Los Angeles Apartment Owners Association, which attacked him because of his fight for rent control . Wachs was reelected in every vote thereafter. After ten years on

803-403: A pledge to Russell to vote for her and casting a vote for himself instead. He later described the turn of events as akin to a "Hollywood movie" and, inasmuch as Mayor Tom Bradley was soon to become a candidate for governor, he had plenty of opportunity to act as mayor when Bradley was out of town. He served for two years. Wachs resigned from the City Council 2001 to accept the presidency of

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876-477: A proposed work by Barbara Kruger as a sign that fell under its jurisdiction. It later reversed itself and Wachs specifically compared the commission's initial decision to the prosecution of a Cincinnati museum over a show by photographer Robert Mapplethorpe . In 2001, Wachs resigned his council seat and moved to New York City in order to serve as president of the Andy Warhol Foundation for

949-810: A reporter in 1991, "I didn't love practicing tax law ... the result of my efforts was finding ways to save rich people money. And I didn't find that satisfying." Wachs served on the Los Angeles City Council from July 1, 1971, to September 28, 2001, when his resignation took effect. His 30 years on the council were surpassed only by John Ferraro 's 35 years, Ernani Bernardi 's 32 years and Marvin Braude 's 31. In May 1971, Wachs, "a young political newcomer," "overwhelmed" veteran James B. Potter, Jr. in Los Angeles City Council District 2 , which included portions of

1022-505: A restaurant. Thinking it is a date, when Alana arrives, she is dejected to discover that Wachs just wants her to pose as the girlfriend of his secret boyfriend, Matthew, to save him from political embarrassment. Alana walks a deeply hurt Matthew home, and they commiserate over the men in their lives. She goes to the arcade to find Gary, who has left to look for her at Wachs's office, with her sisters' encouragement. Alana and Gary eventually cross paths and run to each other's arms. They return to

1095-420: A surprisingly comfortable gear – and getting potentially star-making performances out of his fresh-faced leads." Metacritic , which uses a weighted average , assigned the film a score of 90 out of 100, based on 55 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". Audiences polled by PostTrak gave the film an 87% positive score, with 73% saying they would definitely recommend it. The film generated some controversy over

1168-680: A teacher. His father was a Jewish immigrant from Poland who ran a grocery and butcher shop. The younger of two sons, Joel "suffered from hay fever so severe that at the height of the ragweed season, his parents sat him in the shop's cold storage room, in a fur coat, to help him breathe". They moved to Los Angeles when Wachs was ten, where his family became wealthy with a chain of inexpensive ladies' clothing stores. He grew up in Vermont Knolls , between 79th and 83rd streets and Vermont and Normandie Avenue . He attended Horace Mann Junior High School and Washington High School , followed by

1241-472: A verbally abusive volley in an attempt to make herself appear better than Gary, but, when Gary decides to leave, she offers to drive him in an attempt to make peace. Gary drives off alone. Later, Gary prepares for the opening night of his arcade, remodeling his storefront into "Fat Bernie's Pinball Palace." That same night, Alana nearly shares a kiss with Brian, but is interrupted by an invitation to join Wachs at

1314-408: A wig shop and reconnects with Alana at a teenage trade expo. While at the expo, Gary is mistaken for a murder suspect and arrested on the spot, and Alana runs after him to the police station. He is soon released when the mix-up is sorted out. She joins his waterbed business, acting seductively on the phone to land a potential customer. After introducing Alana to his talent agent, Gary is upset that she

1387-691: Is a romantic story with a historical period setting, normally with a turbulent backdrop of war, revolution, or tragedy. This includes films such as Gone with the Wind , Doctor Zhivago , Reds , Titanic , A Very Long Engagement , Atonement , Portrait of a Lady on Fire , and Cold War . Paranormal romance is a popular genre of film which features romantic relationships between humans and supernatural creatures. Popular tropes include vampirism , time travel , ghosts and psychic or telekinetic abilities – i.e. things that cannot be explained by science. The genre originated in literature and moved on to

1460-820: Is a term associated with romance films mostly targeted to a female audience. Although many romance films may be targeted at women, it is not a defining characteristic of a romance film and a ' chick flick ' does not necessarily have a romance as a central theme, revolve around the romantic involvement of characters or even include a romantic relationship. As such, the terms cannot be used interchangeably. Films of this genre include Gilda , The Red Shoes , Sense and Sensibility , Gentlemen Prefer Blondes , Dirty Dancing , The Notebook , Dear John , A Walk to Remember , Thelma & Louise , Fifty Shades of Grey , Sleepless in Seattle , You've Got Mail and Romeo + Juliet . Also known as epic romance, this

1533-457: Is able to surmount most obstacles. Humour in such films tends to be of a verbal, low-key variety or situational, as opposed to slapstick. Films within this genre include City Lights , A Night at the Opera , It Happened One Night , His Girl Friday , My Wife's Goblin , The Philadelphia Story , Intolerable Cruelty , Roman Holiday , Good Morning, My Dear Wife , The Big Sick , Enough Said , Lost In Translation , To All

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1606-620: Is an American former politician and lawyer. He is the president of the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts in New York City. He was a member of the Los Angeles City Council for 30 years, where he was known for his promotion of the arts, support of gay causes, advocacy of rent control and other economic measures. The unmarried Wachs was a closeted gay man until he was preparing to run for mayor in 1999 at

1679-464: Is often employed to indicate the emotional mood, creating an atmosphere of greater insulation for the couple. The conclusion of a romantic drama typically does not indicate whether a final romantic union between the two main characters will occur. Some examples of romantic drama films and shows before 2000 are Man's Way with Women , Casablanca , María Candelaria , Pride & Prejudice , Appointment with Happiness , Wakeful Eyes , Among

1752-417: Is open to nudity but refuses to show him her breasts. She impulsively does so, but slaps him when he asks to touch them. They open a "Fat Bernie's" storefront for their waterbeds and Alana is hurt when Gary flirts with his classmate Sue and later makes out with Sue in the back room. A jealous Alana peeks in on them before kissing a man on the street, then storming off. Gary's agent secures Alana an audition for

1825-417: Is put off by his invitation to dinner that evening, but shows up anyway. When Gary's mother Anita cannot chaperone him on a press tour performance in New York City, he invites Alana to do it. Alana begins dating his co-star Lance, making Gary jealous, but they break up after Lance says he is an atheist during a Shabbat dinner with her Jewish family. Gary begins selling waterbeds after coming across one at

1898-576: Is sometimes cited as the originator of neighborhood councils in Los Angeles. He organized the first ones—in Studio City , Sherman Oaks , North Hollywood - Toluca Lake and the hill area south of Mulholland Drive in November 1971, choosing the first members himself from a range of backgrounds. He launched numerous studies of such councils in other cities and produced a booklet to help guide

1971-514: Is the Warmest Colour , Carol , Moonlight , and Call Me by Your Name . Romantic fantasies describe fantasy stories using many of the elements and conventions of the romance genre. Some examples include The Lady Eve , Top Hat , The Umbrellas of Cherbourg (Les Parapluies de Cherbourg) , Singin' in the Rain , Groundhog Day , Enchanted , Cinderella , Beauty and

2044-487: The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts. His last day on the City Council was September 28 of that year. Wachs thrice ran for mayor of Los Angeles. In 1973, as a relatively unknown new city council member, he finished a distant fifth in a crowded primary in an election in which Tom Bradley eventually won his first term as Los Angeles mayor. In 1993, he finished third behind Richard Riordan and Mike Woo . He ran again in 2001 and finished fourth with 11% of

2117-652: The National Board of Review (including Best Film ), was named one of the best films of 2021 by the American Film Institute , received four nominations at the 79th Golden Globe Awards (including Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy ), and won the BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay . In 1973 San Fernando Valley , 15-year-old actor Gary Valentine meets Alana Kane, a 25-year-old photographer's assistant, at his school picture day. She

2190-696: The Rodgers and Hammerstein productions. Some examples include South Pacific , West Side Story and its 2021 remake , Grease , High School Musical , Across the Universe , Moulin Rouge! , the Mamma Mia! franchise, Sunshine on Leith , and La La Land . Romantic thriller is a genre of film which has a storyline combining elements of the romance film and the thriller genre . Some examples of romantic thriller films are Desire , To Catch

2263-552: The Santa Monica Mountains and the San Fernando Valley . The vote was 24,704 for Wachs and 14,898 for Potter. His victory was attributed in part to his opposing a multimillion-dollar development in the mountains just north of Beverly Hills . At 33, he became the City Council's youngest member. In 1986, a redistricting move stripped Wachs of more than 90% of his old district, and put him into

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2336-578: The University of California, Los Angeles , where the "gregarious" Wachs was president of his freshman and junior classes, and of the student body . He earned a degree at Harvard Law School and a Master of Laws in taxation from New York University . When in Los Angeles, he lived in Studio City . After completing his education, Wachs was an attorney with the Los Angeles firm of Gray, Binkley & Pfaelzer (later became Kadison, Pfaelzer, Woodard & Quinn) and practiced law for five years. He told

2409-419: The romance super genre. Using this approach, films like Gone with the Wind (noted above) would be classified as a dramatic (type) historical/family (macro genres) romance (genre) rather than simply a historical romance; while The Notebook would be identified at dramatic (type) disease (macro genre) romance (genre) rather than simply a romantic drama. Similarly, musicals are categorized as one option for

2482-400: The working title Soggy Bottom which, in the film, is the initial name of Gary's waterbed business. In November 2020, it was reported that principal photography had wrapped and post-production had begun. A Tudor Revival manor previously owned by actor Lyle Waggoner was used for scenes at Jon Peters's house. Tail o' the Cock, a local restaurant that was demolished in 1987, was recreated for

2555-582: The Beast , Knowing , Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind , Midnight in Paris , Her , and The Shape of Water . Romantic musical (alternatively musical romance ) is a genre of film which features romantic relationships and whose story is partially explained through song and/or dance numbers. This genre originated on Broadway and moved to the silver screen thanks in part to the popularity of

2628-460: The Boys I've Loved Before , Four Weddings and a Funeral , Dave , Say Anything... , Moonstruck , In Summer We Must Love , As Good as It Gets , Something's Gotta Give , When Harry Met Sally... , Annie Hall , Manhattan , The Apartment and Pablo and Carolina . Romantic dramas usually revolve around an obstacle that prevents deep and true love between two people. Music

2701-470: The City Council, two of them as president pro-tem, Wachs was suddenly and unexpectedly elected Los Angeles City Council president in July 1981 when outgoing President John Ferraro decided to drop out of the contest against Councilwoman Pat Russell and, with Councilwoman Peggy Stevenson as a partner, put up Wachs as a candidate instead. Wachs was elected to a two-year term in an 8–7 vote, with Wachs breaking

2774-606: The Ruins , The River of Love , Dearer than my Life , Love Story , Paris and Love , Featureless Men , Coming Home , Daughters of the Dust , Like Water for Chocolate , Sommersby , The Bridges of Madison County , The English Patient , Shakespeare in Love , An Officer and a Gentleman , Saptapadi and Cinema Paradiso . 21st century examples include Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna , Sideways , Memoirs of

2847-660: The Visual Arts. Wachs is nominally the chairman of the Andy Warhol Art Authentication Board . Wachs's salary at the charity is over $ 350,000 per year, which does not include generous expenses and a pension plan of approximately 20%. Although this is nearly four times the average salary for such a position, some have argued that the Warhol Foundation is unusually complex as well as being more influential than most similar organizations. In 2010, Wachs—in his Warhol Foundation role—protested

2920-496: The age of 60. He was asked by Bill Rosendahl , the openly gay moderator of a public affairs television show, "Are you a gay man?" Wachs responded: "I am and I'm very proud of what I've done for the community, and I'm also very proud of the fact that what I've done for the community is what I've done for all communities." Wachs was born on March 1, 1939, in Scranton, Pennsylvania , the son of Hannah (Stahler) and Archie Wachs,

2993-407: The arcade, where Gary announces her as "Mrs. Alana Valentine." Sharing a kiss, they run into the night, and Alana tells Gary that she loves him. Haim's sisters Danielle and Este , father Moti , and mother Donna also appear as Alana Kane's family. Appearing as Gary's friends are Griff Giacchino as Mark, James Kelley as Tim, and Will Angarola as Kirk. The children of Anderson and Rudolph, as well as

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3066-504: The city to provide a number of dog parks , where Los Angeles' nearly 200,000 licensed dogs could run free. Wachs emerged as the sole City Council member who helped broker an agreement that enabled Police Chief Daryl Gates to resign his post in June 1992 and retire "in an orderly fashion" after a crisis occasioned by the March 1991 beating of Rodney King and the resulting riots —as well as

3139-490: The city's "growing refuse-disposal crisis". Wachs successfully advocated for an ordinance change that would allow artists to live and work in commercially zoned districts. He also worked to create a city Cultural Affairs Department. Wachs cast the only vote against a city ordinance prohibiting minors from purchasing drug paraphernalia , saying in 1983 he did not think police officers should spend their time raiding head shops . He proposed an eventually successful idea for

3212-491: The council, emerging as a populist who railed against what he saw as insider dealing in City Hall and misuse of taxpayer funds. He also was a staunch advocate for the arts and for civil rights." He was known as a "moderate to liberal Republican" but reregistered as an independent before running for mayor in 1993. He backed efforts that resulted in public financing of city elections and creation of an ethics commission. Wachs

3285-545: The elderly and the poor. Wachs and Councilwoman Peggy Stevenson sponsored what Wachs called "the strongest gay rights ordinance in the U.S.," prohibiting job and housing discrimination based on sexual orientation. His measure outlawing employment discrimination against victims of AIDS was passed unanimously by the City Council, despite the fact that his mail on the subject was running heavily against it. In 1981, Wachs called for mandatory separation of recyclable materials from regular trash before collection to cope with

3358-513: The film at the Van Nuys Golf Course. Haim spent a week learning to drive large trucks, and personally performed the stunt where her character backs the truck down a long hill. Anderson and Michael Bauman (sharing a director of photography credit) shot Licorice Pizza on 35 mm film , using older lenses in order to create the film's 1970s texture. Radiohead 's Jonny Greenwood composed the film's score cues. The first trailer for

3431-533: The film lost money for the studio, though did note it "brought a pulse to arthouses during a downbeat time." The film opened in four theaters on November 26, 2021, including the Regency Village Theatre in Los Angeles. It made $ 335,000 its opening weekend, for an average of $ 83,800 per screen. Audiences were reported to be: 72% between the ages of 18 and 34; 66% male; and 70% Caucasian, 19% Latino and Hispanic, 8% Asian, and 3% Black. Close to 70% of

3504-434: The film was expanded to 1,977 total theaters and made $ 959,788 over its twelfth weekend, finishing ninth at the box office. It dropped out of the top ten its thirteenth weekend of release, grossing $ 647,973. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes , 90% of 317 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 8.3/10. The website's consensus reads: " Licorice Pizza finds Paul Thomas Anderson shifting into

3577-479: The film, which was released online on September 27, 2021, was set to David Bowie 's " Life on Mars? ," which also is featured in the film. The film's official soundtrack was released by Republic Records . Included are many of the period songs featured in the film, as well as one of the original tracks composed by Greenwood. In December 2019, Focus Features , which had financed and released Anderson's previous film Phantom Thread , came on to produce and distribute

3650-527: The film. However, in July 2020, it was reported that Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer had acquired the film's distribution rights from Focus, presumably due to budgetary issues, and that MGM would set a new start date due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The film was released in select theaters in the United States by United Artists Releasing on November 26, 2021, followed by a nationwide release on December 25. It

3723-516: The foundation would reject any future grant requests". Wachs' letter said in part, "For the arts to flourish, the arts must be free, and the decision to censor this important work is in stark opposition to our mission to defend freedom of expression wherever and whenever it is under attack." There were no signs of reinstatement of the Wojnarowicz piece by the NPG. "Wachs defied easy categorization on

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3796-479: The house. While setting up the waterbed in the master bedroom, Gary intentionally leaves the hose running while filling it, with Alana's approval. They drive away but are waved down by an agitated Peters, whose car has run out of gas. After driving him home to retrieve a gas canister, they take him to a crowded gas station, but leave him behind when he violently commandeers a gas pump. Gary stops to smash Peters's car, but then they run out of gas as well. Alana maneuvers

3869-800: The issuance of a final, critical report of the police department by the Christopher Commission . Wachs and Gates forged a bond of trust, it was said, when the councilman leaped to the chief's defense after the city Police Commission briefly removed Gates in the wake of the riots. Wachs went to Sacramento in January 1984 to unsuccessfully argue with state prison authorities that Dan White , the San Francisco supervisor who had killed gay leader Harvey Milk and Mayor George Moscone , should be moved out of Los Angeles County , where he had been paroled after serving five years in prison for

3942-438: The killings. Wachs was credited with forging a 1997 deal with the developers of a downtown sports arena that lifted some of the onerous provisions that would have worked to the financial disadvantage of the city. In return for the concessions, he agreed to exempt the arena from a ballot measure he was preparing to require voter approval for any subsidized sports stadiums. Wachs was an advocate for slow-growth development and

4015-428: The movie due to the decision to include these two scenes without any pushback from the characters. Licorice Pizza was nominated in three categories at the 94th Academy Awards ( Best Picture , Best Director , and Best Original Screenplay ), and in four at the 79th Golden Globe Awards ( Best Picture – Musical or Comedy , Best Actor – Musical or Comedy , Best Actress – Musical or Comedy , and Best Screenplay ). It

4088-410: The new representative community groups in Los Angeles. In 1971, he proposed a ban on oil drilling on the city's coastline one-half mile inland from the shore "for both esthetic and geographical safety reasons". He was a supporter of levying a city income tax in order to relieve property owners of a tax burden. He was a decided advocate for rent control in an effort to keep housing affordable for

4161-427: The relatives and children of other filmmakers and cast members, also appear in brief roles. John C. Reilly has an uncredited cameo as Fred Gwynne , the actor who portrayed Herman Munster (the credits list him as "Herman Munster as himself"), while Dan Chariton cameos as Sam Harpoon, a film director. Around 2001, Paul Thomas Anderson was walking by a middle school in Los Angeles on picture day. He observed one of

4234-618: The removal of a David Wojnarowicz piece from the "Hide/Seek" exhibit at the National Portrait Gallery . The foundation had supported the exhibition with a $ 100,000 grant. Wachs wrote to the head of the Smithsonian Institution (NPG's parent organization), G. Wayne Clough , on behalf of the foundation's unanimous board with the "demand that the Smithsonian restore the work ... to the exhibition or

4307-450: The romance between the main characters, one of whom is 25 (or 28) and the other 15. It also came under fire for scenes in which the character Jerry uses a demeaning mock Asian accent when speaking to his Japanese wives. Regarding the latter, director Anderson defended the scenes as being contemporaneous and accurate portrayals of the movie's time period. The group Media Action Network for Asian Americans, however, called for an awards boycott of

4380-589: The screen in the early 2000s, following the success of the Twilight Saga adaptations from Stephenie Meyer 's books. By 2007–08, film studios were producing various paranormal romance films, many adapted from novels. Examples of paranormal romance films include The Exterminating Angel , The Twilight Saga , Warm Bodies , Vampire Academy , I Am Dragon , and The Shape of Water . Romantic comedies are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as that true love

4453-735: The son of Philip Seymour Hoffman , was cast late in the process after Anderson found the auditioning young actors too "precocious" and "trained" to match the naturalistic style of Haim's acting. Licorice Pizza marks the feature film debut of both Haim and Hoffman. Described as a "family-and-friends project" by the Los Angeles Times , the film also features Anderson's longtime partner Maya Rudolph , their four children, and many of their neighborhood friends in various roles. Principal photography began in Encino, California , in August 2020, under

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4526-421: The students nagging the female photographer and had an idea of the student having a romantic relationship with the photographer. The screenplay of Licorice Pizza evolved from this experience and additional stories told to Anderson by his friend Gary Goetzman , who was a child actor who had starred in the film Yours, Mine and Ours with Lucille Ball , appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show , and eventually started

4599-455: The time came to leave the City Council, he could be happy practicing law, "being a maitre d' in a nice restaurant," or "heading an arts foundation". In 1987 he flew to New York City to be a part of a seven-member panel that tried to determine what to do with a 12-foot-high, 112-foot-long outdoor steel sculpture by Richard Serra titled " Tilted Arc ," which had drawn complaints and was eventually disassembled, removed, and put in storage. He

4672-622: The truck backwards down a long hill to a gas station, impressing Gary, but causing her to question her recent decisions. Inspired by a campaign poster, Alana reaches out to her old classmate Brian, who brings her on as volunteer staffer for Joel Wachs , a city councilman running for mayor . Gary briefly joins her but overhears that pinball will soon be legalized in the Valley and decides to open an arcade , leading to an argument with Alana. They lash out at each other about their difference in age and their fraught relationship. Alana emasculates Gary in

4745-738: The two leads finally overcome their difficulties, declare their love, and experience their "happily ever after", often implied by a reunion and final kiss. In romantic television series, the development of such romantic relationships may play out over many episodes or different characters may become intertwined in different romantic arcs. Screenwriter and scholar Eric R. Williams identifies Romance Films as one of eleven super-genres in his screenwriters' taxonomy , claiming that all feature length narrative films can be classified by these super-genres. The other ten super-genres are action , crime , fantasy , horror , science fiction , comedy , sports , thriller , war and western . ' Chick flick '

4818-470: The viewers were college graduates. Its fifth weekend, the film expanded to 786 theaters and entered the box office top ten for the first time with $ 1.9 million, finishing eighth. During the weekend, 66% of audience members were between the ages of 18 and 34. The film made $ 1.3 million its sixth weekend, $ 981,886 its seventh, $ 879,511 its eighth, $ 659,953 its ninth, $ 630,117 its tenth, and $ 644,699 its eleventh. After earning its three Academy Award nominations,

4891-531: The vote, behind James K. Hahn , Antonio Villaraigosa and Steve Soboroff . In 1977, Wachs was appointed vice chairman of a new National Task Force on the Arts, whose goal, he said, was "to put the arts and culture on the agenda of every city government as a mainstream economic and social concern". In a 1981 interview, he said he spent one-third of his $ 43,923 annual salary (equivalent to between $ 124,634 and $ 147,203 in 2023) on works of art for himself and that, when

4964-539: The words "seemed like a catch-all for the feeling of the film [...] that go well together and maybe capture a mood." Anderson wrote the screenplay with Alana Haim in mind and offered her the lead role in summer 2019. He has a close connection to her band Haim , having directed several of their music videos, and is a close friend of the Haim family. Haim's sisters Este and Danielle and parents Mordechai and Donna were also cast to play her character's family. Cooper Hoffman ,

5037-445: Was one of the cowriters of Proposition U , along with Zev Yaroslavsky and Marvin Braude . Wachs was known for his boisterous personality. When he was newly elected to the Los Angeles City Council , he distributed a mock ordinance that would supposedly have taxed all male residents on the size of their genitals. Occasionally he exclaimed "This is fun!" in the middle of a committee meeting. His colleagues described him as "a human guy,

5110-479: Was ranked second on Cahiers du Cinéma ' s list of the top 10 films of 2022. Romance film Romantic films often explore the essential themes of love at first sight , young and mature love, unrequited love, obsession, sentimental love, spiritual love , forbidden love, platonic love, sexual and passionate love, sacrificial love, explosive and destructive love, and tragic love . Romantic films serve as great escapes and fantasies for viewers, especially if

5183-473: Was released in the United Kingdom on January 14, 2022, by Universal Pictures . Universal Pictures Home Entertainment released the film digitally on March 1, 2022, and on both Blu-ray and DVD on May 17. Licorice Pizza grossed $ 17.3 million in the United States and Canada, and $ 15.9 million in other territories, for a worldwide box office total of $ 33.2 million. Deadline Hollywood reported

5256-627: Was released in the United States in select theaters on November 26, 2021, followed by a wide release on December 25. Though it grossed just $ 33 million against its $ 40 million production budget, the film was acclaimed by critics and received three nominations at the 94th Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Director , and Best Original Screenplay , making it Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer 's first fully produced, marketed, and distributed film to be nominated for Best Picture since Rain Man in 1988. Among its many other nominations and awards, it received three awards from

5329-439: Was the author of an ordinance that requires commercial developers to set aside 1% of the value of all projects over $ 500,000 for cultural and artistic projects—either spending the money on their own, or depositing it with the city for such use. Wachs was active in strengthening Los Angeles' ordinance on outdoor advertising signs but was equally active when the city's Building and Safety Commission at first attempted to classify

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