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63-456: Prior to Ukrainian 2020 municipal classification reforms, Lysychansk was incorporated as a city of oblast significance . Up to 2022, the administration of Lysychansk Municipality included the settlements of Novodruzhesk and Pryvillia . Along with the cities of Sievierodonetsk , Rubizhne , Kreminna and the nearest towns, the Lysychansk area constituted a major urban and industrial hub of

126-445: A 2020 reform that merged raions together and integrated the city municipalities into them. Such city municipality was complex and usually combined the city proper and adjacent populated places. The city of regional (oblast) significance was governed by a city council known as mis'krada , which was chaired by a mayor. There were instances where a municipality might have included only the city alone (city proper), while in others instances

189-428: A developed industry, utilities, a considerable amount of state provided housing, and a population of over 50,000, and if for further economic and social development of a city it was appropriate to establish a direct management by regional organizations. In some cases, a city with a population of less than 50,000 could be a city of regional significance if it had industrial, social-cultural, and historical significance, or

252-401: A municipality might have consisted of its own subdivisions such as districts in city, similarly to the cities with special status or even other cities which carried the designation of cities of district significance. Each region had at least one city of regional significance as its administrative center . A city was usually granted the status for being an economic and cultural center that has

315-561: A possible coup. All personnel were required to either take the oath, or to retire or return to their home republic. The Ukrainian oath of loyalty that was administered was not based on ethnicity or linguistics but on a civic identity, and turned the Soviet Army in Ukraine into the modern Ukrainian Ground Forces. As of February 1992 about 80% of personnel had taken the oath, according to Defense Minister Morozov. Laws establishing regulations

378-575: A propensity for further economical and social development and population increase. These exceptions were usually granted on a decision of the Verkhovna Rada (the Supreme Council of Ukraine). The city could be divided into districts at the city's authorities' discretion. Along with the raions of a region , the cities of regional significance are the second level of administrative-territorial division of Ukraine. Beside having districts,

441-874: A result, the Ukrainian army had very little of its Soviet equipment in working order by July 2014, and most systems had become antiquated. Personnel numbers had shrunk and training, command, and support functions needed improvement. After the start of the war in Donbas in April 2014 in eastern Ukraine , Ukraine embarked on a program to enlarge and modernise its armed forces. Personnel in the Ukrainian Armed Forces overall climbed from 129,950 in March 2014 to 204,000 active personnel in May 2015, with 169,000 soldiers in

504-694: A village 10 km from the city. Lysychansk is located in the North-Western part of the Luhansk region , 115 km from Luhansk , on the high right bank of the Siverskyi Donets River . The area is surrounded by large hills, ravines and valleys. The city is situated on the northern spur of the Donets Ridge . Lysychansk lies in the continental climate of the steppe zone of Ukraine . Water resources stemming from here are one of

567-610: Is especially dangerous in the forward-based units securing the nation's borders." Under a plan promulgated in 2000, the Ground Forces were to reduce the number of troops from 300,000 to 240,000 by 2015, and an ultimate change from a partial conscript -based force to a fully professional military. The armed forces received little more than half of the Hr 68 million it was promised for reform in 2001, but managed to disband nine regiments and close 21 local military bases. In 2005–06,

630-738: The 180th Rifle Division were left in Ukraine, having been previously under the 14th Guards Army headquartered at Tiraspol in the Moldovan SSR . The post of commander of ground troops was designated in early 1992. By the end of 1992, the Kyiv Military District was disbanded, and Ukraine used its structures as the basis for the Ministry of Defence and the General Staff . The government made an effort to get all troops to take an oath of allegiance to Ukraine to prevent

693-899: The 1st Army Corps was reorganised as the Northern Territorial Operational Command (which became the Northern Operational Command in 1998). In 1997 the Carpathian Military District was reorganised as Operational Command West . From 1992 to 1997, the forces of the Kyiv MD were transferred to the Odesa MD, and the Odesa MD's headquarters moved to Donetsk . In a December 1996 speech, President Leonid Kuchma revealed that as many as 191 mechanised infantry and tank battalions were rated not ready, adding,"This

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756-461: The Council of Ministers declared that a Ukrainian army would be created with 450,000 troops and the Ukrainian parliament adopted several laws that created the framework for the creation of Ukrainian ground, naval, and air forces, as well as a national guard. The Soviet defense ministry was opposed to this initially, but by early November they started talks with the Ukrainian defense ministry to manage

819-607: The Donbas region, with a 2009 population of about 353,000. The city became the site of 2022's Battle of Lysychansk , which ended with the capture of the city by Russian forces and the Luhansk People's Republic on 2 July. Up to 12,000 were estimated to have remained in the city, according to Ukrainian authorities. Russia has claimed the city following its declared annexation of the region in September 2022. In 1721, coal

882-689: The IISS said the numbers dropped from 14 divisions in 1992, to two divisions, six brigades , and one independent regiment in 2008. Today, the key echelon for mechanised and armoured formations is the brigade. The mechanised infantry brigades, together with the newer motorised, mountain, rifle infantry and assault infantry brigades, constitute the Infantry Corps of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. The Armoured Forces also constitute their own corps. Established in 1991, these two corps are

945-668: The International Centre for Peacekeeping and Security or the Yavoriv Combat Training Centre, was hit by eight Russian missiles in March 2022. It appears that the SAS has left behind forces to train Ukrainian soldiers. At least two officers from the SAS were confirmed as having been in Ukraine, each being posted with a different battalion near Kyiv; emphasis has been training Ukrainian soldiers how to use

1008-467: The Köppen climate classification system. Summers are warm and sometimes humid with average high temperatures of 26–27 °C (79–81 °F) and lows of 14–15 °C (57–59 °F). Winters are relatively cold with average high temperatures of −1 °C (30 °F) and lows of −8 to −6 °C (18 to 21 °F). Spring and autumn are generally chilly to mild. The highest ever temperature recorded in

1071-859: The Southern Front of the Russian Civil War , the Polish–Ukrainian War , and the Polish – Soviet War. Since 2015, with the adoption of the Defenders Day holiday, certain traditions of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army of World War II have been incorporated into the ethos and culture of the Ground Forces. The August 1991 Soviet coup attempt began the process of splitting the Soviet military. Leonid Kravchuk ,

1134-529: The T-80 , T-64 , (T-64BV Model 2017, T-64BV), T-64BM "Bulat" and T-72UA1 main battle tanks, BTR-4 , BTR-60 , BTR-70 , and BTR-80 wheeled armoured personnel carriers, and BMP-1 , BMP-2 , and BMD-2 tracked infantry fighting vehicles. In the years after the fall of the Soviet Union, a large number of the former Soviet mechanised infantry and armoured formations on Ukrainian soil were disbanded –

1197-507: The Tunguska-M1 , Igla MANPADS system, Strela , and Shilka anti-aircraft missile systems. Formed in 1992, it is also one of the oldest combat support corps of the Ground Forces. The war in Donbas caused a radical reform of the Ukrainian Armed Forces in general and the Ukrainian Ground Forces in particular; it built and expanded on the 2011 structure. As of 2022 the structure is the following: Ground Forces General Command of

1260-459: The Ukrainian army released a statement that stated "the military plan to free Lysychansk, Luhansk region , from terrorist groups in the near future." On 24 July 2014 the Ukrainian army claimed its troops had entered Lysychansk and its Col. Andriy Lysenko stated "We will take the town, and the road will be open to Horlivka , then Donetsk ." On 25 July 2014, Ukrainian forces secured the city from

1323-577: The defence industry in Ukraine produced equipment mostly for export. In the aftermath of the 2014 Ukrainian Revolution , Russian special forces in unmarked uniforms began surrounding Ukrainian military bases on the Crimean peninsula before capturing them individually using a mixture of attrition and threats. Over the following weeks the Russian Armed Forces consolidated control of the peninsula and established road blocks to cut off

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1386-641: The land forces of Ukraine and one of the eight branches of the Armed Forces of Ukraine . They were formed from Ukrainian units of the Soviet Army after Ukrainian independence , and trace their ancestry to the 1917–22 army of the Ukrainian People's Republic . After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine retained its Soviet-era army equipment. The Armed Forces were systematically downsized and underinvested in after 1991. As

1449-590: The 20,300 Ukrainian soldiers stationed in Crimea before the annexation left the peninsula. The rest stayed in Crimea and defected to Russia. In the early months of the war in Donbas that erupted in 2014 the Armed Forces were widely criticised for their poor equipment and inept leadership, forcing Internal Affairs Ministry forces like the National Guard and the territorial defence battalions to take on

1512-756: The Anglo-Swedish NLAW . Other soldiers have actually been trained in the UK, according to the article, with the training course being approximately two weeks long for each participant. This follows an earlier report of British special forces being left behind in Ukraine. This includes the SAS, the Special Boat Service , and the Special Reconnaissance Regiment . Other contributors appear to be unnamed special forces from Eastern European countries. These forces are training

1575-656: The Ground Forces branch as of 2016. In 2016, 75% of the army consisted of contract servicemen. Since 2014, Ukraine's ground forces have also been equipped with increasingly modern tanks, APCs, and many other types of combat equipment. The Ukrainian Ground Forces traces its ancestry to the Ukrainian People's Army and the Ukrainian Galician Army of 1917–21. It fought in the Ukrainian War of Independence (the Ukrainian-Soviet War ),

1638-402: The Northern Operational Command was reorganised as Territorial Directorate "North" . It was tasked with territorial defence, mobilisation training, and preparation of reserves. From 1991 the Ukrainian Ground Forces bought its military equipment only from Russia and other CIS states, as well as locally producing some of their own equipment. Until 2014 and the start of the war in Donbas ,

1701-699: The Ukrainian Ground Forces in support of its paramount responsibilities to the nation. As of 2017 Ukraine's army fields four Army Aviation brigades in an Army Aviation Command directly subordinated to the Ground Forces HQ, each in support of operational commands of the UGF: The Army Aviation's maintenance facility is the 57th Aviation Base in Brody . The service's equipment includes Mi-2 , Mi-8 , and Mi-24 helicopters. The RF&FA (Rocket Forces and Field Artillery) Corps constitute one of

1764-409: The Ukrainian military in sabotage, counter-insurgency, and sniping. In 2007 the network of exercise and training ranges and centres was optimized, decreasing their number and increasing the specialization of each centre. Schooling occurs at: Mechanised infantry and armoured forces brigades constitute the largest and primary components of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. Their primary objectives in

1827-656: The air defence regiments and anti-aircraft missile and artillery complexes under the brigades' air defence battalions or regiments. Brigade level units are characterized by their high rate of fire, vitality, maneuverability, and capability of action under all conditions of modern combat arms operations. Surface-to-air missile systems and complexes of operational command level are characterised by their long range and firepower and are equipped with surface-to-air missile complexes Osa , Buk , Buk-M1, and Tor . Anti-aircraft missile and artillery complexes that are of brigade level are equipped with various ex-Soviet and Western systems like

1890-454: The bridge construction, bombing the bridge and Russian vehicles who already crossed resulting in severe Russian losses. Russia made several such attempts, many of which were neutralized by Ukrainian forces. After the Russian capture of Sievierodenetsk , Lysychansk became the last major city in the Luhansk region under Ukrainian control. On 26 June, TASS reported that Russian forces entered

1953-543: The brunt of the fighting in the first months of the war. By February 2018 the Ukrainian Armed Forces were larger and better equipped, numbering 200,000 active-service military personnel. Most of the volunteer soldiers of the territorial defence battalions were integrated into the Ukrainian army. Within the reporting period of 16 November 2017 to 15 February 2018 a United Nations OHCHR monitoring mission documented 115 cases of credible allegations of human rights abuses committed by Russia and its proxy forces. The nature of

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2016-538: The burned the Borovskaya Sloboda ), Metiolkine (Metelnikov's Cossacks) and Smolianynove (Smolkin's Cossacks). In 1890, a Belgian industrialist Ernest Solvay build a soda plant with surrounding infrastructure for the Belgian staff. In 2017 these buildings (a gymnasium , a hospital and a range of residential buildings) won the 'Belgian Heritage Abroad Award'. A local newspaper has been published in

2079-438: The case of wartime operations are: capturing and holding targets, maintaining positions, defending against enemy attacks, penetrating enemy lines, and defeating enemy forces on either defensive or offensive operations. The mechanised infantry and armoured forces are equipped with a combination of Soviet-made (part of them modernised), more modern Ukrainian-made, and increasingly Western-made armoured vehicles, including variants of

2142-481: The central railway station (not actual from 2014). As of 2021, the non-central stations are only used for short-destination interurban trains (diesel commuter trains). Lysychansk Central Railway Station has the following train routes: Since the Russo-Ukrainian War , there is no railway route available from Luhanska Oblast to Russian Federation . In most cases, Lysychansk Central Railway Station became

2205-478: The city can be divided into various municipal councils ( rada , often considered its extended metropolitan area and suburbs) such as smaller city councils, town councils, or rural councils. A city of regional significance can simply be composed of one settlement itself. In 2012, there were 178 cities of regional significance across the different regions of Ukraine, ranging from the Donetsk Region , which has

2268-565: The city from five directions. On 27 June, the CNN reported that civilians in Lysychansk have been urged to leave immediately, as Russian forces gain ground in the city. On 2 July 2022, reports of Ukrainian troops withdrawing from the city and Russian forces moving in were supported by multiple videos from Kadirov's 141st Special Motorized Regiment declaring victory in front of the City Council of Lysychansk. "After heavy fighting for Lysychansk,

2331-428: The city limits of Lysychansk and became cities. In 1965, Lysychansk incorporated the settlements of Verkhnie and Proletarske. During the 2014 pro-Russian conflict in Ukraine the town was captured early April 2014 by pro-Russian separatists . It remained under control of separatists for three months, until 22 July 2014 Ukrainian Ukrinform reported that the separatists "massively left Lysychansk" with "seized cars from

2394-461: The city since January 1918. The Russian Civil War (1918–1920) damaged Lysychansk's industry and economy. In 1920, the Bolsheviks nationalized the mines and plants in Lysychansk. By 1925, the economy recovered, and by the 1930s, industrial growth accelerated. Lysychansk gained city status in 1938. However, this growth was interrupted by Germany 's invasion of the Soviet Union and occupation of

2457-538: The city was 41.0 °C (105.8 °F) in June 1984. The coldest temperature ever recorded in the city was −34.0 °C (−29.2 °F) in February 1954. Annual precipitation is 480 millimetres (19 inches) with moderate rainfall throughout the year. Light snowfall mainly occurs from December through March, but snow cover does not usually remain for long. As of 2006, the ethnic populations were: Before 2010, Lysychansk

2520-507: The city. Lysychansk suffered massive destruction of infrastructure and hundreds of civilian deaths at the hands of the Germans. Throughout the mid-1960s, Lysychansk's borders were changed. In 1962, the city of Sievierodonetsk , which started as a village serving a chemical plant on the outskirts of Lysychansk, branched off from Lysychansk and became its own independent city. In 1963, the towns of Novodruzhesk and Pryvillia were included in

2583-508: The city. Most of the buses running in and out of the city start running after 6 am. until 7–9 pm. for different routes. Direct regular bus service is available to other Ukrainian cities, including Donetsk , Kharkiv , Berdiansk , and Mariupol . Lysychansk has a central railway station and three other railway stations: Nasvitevych, Pereizna, Volcheiarska. Almost all transit distance trains stop at Stations Pereizna and Volcheiarska, allowing residents of Southern Lysychansk not to be dependent on

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2646-448: The conflict as well as mobilisation efforts have resulted in a massive expansion of the force, in addition to ongoing force modernisation. Training in 2006 was aimed at developing mobility and combat readiness of the forces. The Ukrainian Armed Forces took advantage of the opportunities provided by UN exercises and exercises where Ukraine, NATO members, and other partners participated. Training resulted in 6,000 combat-ready troops in

2709-414: The crimes ranges from enforced disappearances, looting of civilian property, torture, rape and sexual violence up to political repression and extrajudicial killings. On 24 February 2022 , Russia began a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The Ground Forces have been participants in most of the land combat actions of the ongoing war. The influx of Western material and supplies to the branch before and during

2772-496: The defence forces of Ukraine were forced to withdraw from their occupied positions and lines," the army general staff said. Earlier Russia's Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu said his forces had captured Lysychansk and taken full control of Luhansk region. Ukraine's troops were outgunned there. Its general staff said that "in order to preserve the lives of Ukrainian defenders, a decision was made to withdraw". (BBC 4 July 2022) On 19 September 2022, Ukrainian troops recaptured Bilohorivka ,

2835-499: The division of Soviet forces in Ukraine. The Ground Forces were officially established on 6 December 1991 as part of the armed forces, with a presidential decree on 12 December - from then on marked as Ground Forces Day - being the first that designated the Soviet Army's Ukrainian formations as the ground component of the new force. After their establishment, in 1992 the Ukrainian Ground Forces included approximately 245,000 personnel and 6,500 tanks. The Ukrainian Ground Forces were

2898-539: The final destination for long-destination trains. The nearest airport is located 12 kilometers from the city center, located in Sievierodonetsk . Built in 1968 the airport is to serve residents and workers of the surrounding cities. The airport is administered by the Lysychansk District pipeline OAO Ukrtransnafta . In the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election , Viktor Yanukovych won 92.51% of

2961-614: The head of the Ukrainian Supreme Soviet , declared on 24 August 1991 the formation of the Ukrainian Armed Forces, the subordination of Soviet military units in Ukraine, and the creation of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. On 3 September 1991 the Soviet Air Force major general Kostyantyn Morozov was appointed the first Minister of Defense of Ukraine by the Verkhovna Rada , the new parliament. In October

3024-416: The highest number of cities at 28. On average there are seven cities in each oblast or Crimea. Population statistics are from the 2001 Ukrainian Census . An asterisk (*) indicates cities that have district division. - Not shown on map Ukrainian army The Ukrainian Ground Forces (SVZSU, Ukrainian : Сухопутні війська Збройних сил України ), also referred to as the Ukrainian army , are

3087-435: The most important resources. Siverskyi Donets River is the main water artery of the Lysychansk and the whole region. The length of the Siverskyi Donets River within the city is 26.5 km. Verkhnia Bilenka River , a tributary of the Siverskyi Donets River , flows through the southern part of the city, the length of the river within the city is 7.7 km. Lysychansk has a humid continental climate ( Dfb ) according to

3150-408: The nation. The Army Anti-Air Defence Missile Artillery regiments and brigade-level battalions or regiments in the infantry and armoured brigades are responsible for protecting troops against enemy air attacks anywhere on the battlefield, and while in combat or in static protection of UGF facilities. The army air defence branch is equipped with a variety of effective surface-to-air missile systems of

3213-529: The oldest combat arms of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. The Ukrainian Ground Forces also include two mountain assault infantry brigades, four Jäger infantry brigades, and four reserve rifle infantry brigades. All of these units are part of the Infantry Corps and alongside those of Soviet made manufacture, these are being supplied with Western products and arms systems locally produced by the Ukrainian defence industry. The Ukrainian Army Aviation provides reconnaissance , tactical fire support and air transport for

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3276-500: The oldest combat support corps of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. Established 1991 on the basis of Soviet Army artillery divisions assigned to the AFU and the field artillery of the UGF's divisions, units of this corps provide artillery fires support to formations of the Ground Forces in combat operations and in wartime operational support of other branches of the AFU in fulfillment of its missions to

3339-433: The personnel and technical basis for the military were passed in 1992, which included keeping the Soviet rank structure, with the exception of the rank of marshal, which was replaced with general of the army of Ukraine . It was planned that the restructuring of the entire Armed Forces would take place until 1995. Between June and August 1993, the first redesignation of armies to army corps appears to have taken place. While

3402-539: The population and in parking lots;" Russian ITAR-TASS reported the same day that the separatists had "decided to leave the town in order to save the population and stop clashes." This was mainly because their defeat in the Siege of Sloviansk and the evacuation of Kramatorsk made holding the city untenable. The next day, heavy fighting continued around the town while the Ukrainian National Guard and

3465-482: The possibility of Ukraine sending reinforcements from the mainland. The takeover of Crimea was largely bloodless, as the Ukrainian soldiers there did not fight back. By the end of March, all remaining Ukrainian troops were ordered to pull out of Crimea. The Ukrainian army was considered to be in a poor state during and after the annexation, with only 6,000 of its troops ready for combat and many of its vehicles lacking batteries. After Russia's annexation only 6,000 of

3528-479: The post of Chief of Ground Forces had been created in early 1992, it was over two years before the first holder, Colonel General Vasily Sobkov , was appointed on 7 April 1994. The creation of the Ground Forces as a separate branch of the young AFU was formalised by Presidential Decree 368/96 of 23 May 1996, 'On the Ground Forces of Ukraine.' That year both the Ground Forces Command was formed and

3591-573: The pro-Russian separatists. During the Russian invasion of Ukraine , Lysychansk came under heavy shelling from the Russian military. Some of the most intense strikes occurred late in March 2022, which destroyed dozens of buildings and caused civilian casualties. On 9 May 2022, Russian troops attempted to cross over the Seversky Donets river with a temporary pontoon bridge near Bilohorivka . Ukrainian forces anticipated this approach, monitored

3654-486: The second largest army in Europe at the time. Following the declaration of Ukrainian independence in 1991, among those formations gained by the new Ukrainian Ground Forces by inheritance from the old Soviet Army were the 1st Guards Army , the 13th Army , the 38th Army , two tank armies (the 6th Guards Tank Army and the 8th Tank Army ), and the 32nd Army Corps at Simferopol . The 28th Guards Motor Rifle Division and

3717-718: The spring of 2014 of Ukraine's (then) 129,950 active military personnel. In 2016 the Ukrainian army had more than 200,000 combat-ready soldiers of its 260,000 active personnel. In 2015 Ukraine, the United States , the United Kingdom , and Canada established the Joint Multinational Training Group – Ukraine (JMTG-U), setting up three new training sites in Khmelnytskyi , Kamianets-Podilskyi , and Yavoriv . The latter, known as

3780-588: The vote in Lysychansk. Runner-up Viktor Yushchenko received 5.08% of the vote. In the 2010 Ukrainian presidential election , Viktor Yanukovych won 90.95% of the vote in Lysychansk. Runner-up Yulia Tymoshenko received 5.91% of the vote. Šiška J. Donbass v 2014: Kroniki neobjavlennoi voiny. Kemi: Atrain&Nord, 2024. 351 s. City of regional significance (Ukraine) A city of regional significance ( Ukrainian : місто обласного значення , romanized :  misto oblasnoho znachennia ) in Ukraine

3843-403: Was a type of second-level administrative division or municipality , the other type being raions (districts). In the first-level division of oblasts , they were referred to as cities of oblast significance ; in the first-level autonomous republic of Crimea , they were cities of republican significance . The designation was created with the introduction of oblasts in 1932. It was abolished in

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3906-672: Was among the biggest industrial centres in Luhansk Oblast . Since 2010, many plants have closed, with massive lay-offs. The city and the surrounding area has five coal mines owned by Lysychanskvuhillia. Coal reserves amount to 179.7 million tons. Production capacity is 2.8 million tons of coal per year. Institutes of higher education in Lysychansk include the Donbas State Technical University and Luhansk State University of Internal Affairs . Trolleys and buses run to and from Lysychansk as well as within

3969-751: Was discovered in the Donets basin near Lisya Balka, a Cossack village established in 1710. In 1795, Lysychansk was the first coal-mining settlement of the Donets basin. Earlier settlements in the area around Lysychansk were completely destroyed by the Muscovy punitive expedition against the Bulavin Rebellion . After suppressing the uprising, the area was resettled with Voronove (founded by Khokhlov's Cossacks), Syrotyne (Popov's and Sirotin's Cossacks), Borivske (partly settled by former residents of

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