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45-467: Montreal West (French: Montréal-Ouest ) is an on-island municipality in southwestern Quebec , Canada, on the Island of Montreal . Montreal West is a small, close-knit community made up primarily of single-family dwellings. The town is largely composed of families, with 77% of the population speaking English as their primary language at home, the highest percentage on the island. Sherbrooke Street ,

90-442: A fire station, a community center (named after former town mayor John A. Simms), and a town hall . The town's various codes and ordinances are upheld by its Public Security Department, consisting of a lieutenant with a team of "By-Law Enforcement Constables" under his supervision. List of former mayors: The Town of Montreal West is located in the federal riding of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount , represented by Marc Garneau , and

135-625: A growing menace of independence from the 13 original British colonies. As shown by the 2016 Statistics Canada census, 58.3% of residents of Quebec identify their ethnicity as Canadian , 23.5% as French and 0.4% as Acadian . Roughly 2.3% of residents, or 184,005 people, describe their ethnicity as Québécois . The term became more common in English as Québécois largely replacing French Canadian as an expression of cultural and national identity among French Canadians living in Quebec during

180-524: A list of sample choices ("Québécois" did not appear among the various sample choices). The ethnicity "Canadien" or Canadian, did appear as an example on the questionnaire, and was selected by 4.9 million people or 68.2% of the Quebec population. In the more detailed Ethnic Diversity Survey , Québécois was the most common ethnic identity in Quebec, reported by 37% of Quebec's population aged 15 years and older, either as their only identity or alongside other identities. The survey, based on interviews, asked

225-599: A major artery spanning most of the Island of Montreal, has its western terminus here, beginning at a T-intersection with the town's main street, Westminster Avenue. In 1897, the Town of Montreal West was created when it separated from the Village Municipality of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce-Ouest . It had 50 houses and a population of 350 persons at that time. Its town hall was built in 1910. On January 1, 2002, as part of

270-545: A nation, compared with 38 per cent of English-speaking Canadians. As well, 78 per cent of 1,000 Québécois polled thought that Québécois should be recognized as a nation. The Québécois self-identify as an ethnic group in both the English and French versions of the Canadian census and in demographic studies of ethnicity in Canada. In the 2016 census, 74,575 chose Québécois as one of multiple responses with 119,985 choosing it as

315-523: A new Quebec nationalism in the 1960s led to Québécois increasingly referring to provincial institutions as being national. This was reflected in the change of the provincial Legislative Assembly to National Assembly in 1968. Nationalism reached an apex in the 1970s and 1990s, with contentious constitutional debates resulting in close to half of all of French-speaking Québécois seeking recognition of nation status through tight referendums on Quebec sovereignty in 1980 and 1995. Having lost both referendums,

360-558: A population of 4,027,100, almost half that of the province. A smaller area of 3,838 square kilometres (1,482 sq mi) is governed by the Montreal Metropolitan Community ( MMC ; French : Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal , CMM). This level of government is headed by a president (currently Montreal mayor Valérie Plante ). The inner ring is composed of densely populated municipalities located in close proximity to Downtown Montreal . It includes

405-460: A population of approximately 3.7 million people who make more than 750,000 trips daily. The major transit commissions under the ARTM are: (In Montreal, except where otherwise noted.) 45°34′N 73°40′W  /  45.56°N 73.66°W  / 45.56; -73.66 French-speaking Quebecer Self-identification as Québécois became dominant starting in the 1960s; prior to this,

450-467: A single response (194,555 as a combined response). In the 2001 Census of Canada, 98,670 Canadians, or just over 1% of the population of Quebec identified "Québécois" as their ethnicity, ranking "Québécois" as the 37th most common response. These results were based on a question on residents in each household in Canada: "To which ethnic or cultural group(s) did this person's ancestors belong?" , along with

495-447: A strong sense of belonging. The generational profile and strength of identity of French New World ancestries contrast with those of British or Canadian ancestries, which represent the largest ethnic identities in Canada. Although deeply rooted Canadians express a deep attachment to their ethnic identity, most English-speaking Canadians of British ancestry generally cannot trace their ancestry as far back in Canada as French-speakers. As

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540-557: Is United (Montreal West United Church [1] ), one is Anglican (St. Philip's Church), and the final is Presbyterian (Montreal West Presbyterian Church). The Montreal West United Church also rents space to a Pentecostal service (Overcomers Assembly). St. Philip's Anglican Church rents space to the New Life Korean Presbyterian Church. Municipal council: In terms of services, the town has its own Public Works Department, Public Security Department,

585-611: Is a personal choice. Québécois (pronounced [kebekwa] ); feminine : Québécoise (pronounced [kebekwaz] ), Quebecois (fem.: Quebecoise ), or Québecois (fem.: Québecoise ) is a word used primarily to refer to a French-speaking inhabitant of the Canadian province of Quebec . Sometimes, it is used more generally to refer to any inhabitant of Quebec. It can refer to French spoken in Quebec . It may also be used, with an upper- or lower-case initial, as an adjective relating to Quebec, or to

630-453: Is a personal choice. Despite near-universal support in the House of Commons, several important dissenters criticized the motion. Intergovernmental Affairs minister Michael Chong resigned from his position and abstained from voting, arguing that this motion was too ambiguous and had the potential of recognizing a destructive ethnic nationalism in Canada. Liberals were the most divided on

675-600: Is the second busiest such system in Canada after Toronto's GO Transit. Established in June 2007, Exo's commuter rail system has six lines linking the downtown core with communities as far west as Hudson , as Far south as Mont-Saint-Hilaire , as far east as Mascouche , and as far north as Saint-Jérôme . Along with Exo, a sister agency, the Autorité régionale de transport métropolitain ( ARTM ) plans, integrates, and coordinates public transport across Greater Montreal, including

720-547: The 2002–2006 municipal reorganization in Montreal , Montreal West and the neighbouring suburbs of Côte-Saint-Luc and Hampstead were merged into the City of Montreal and became the borough of Côte-Saint-Luc–Hampstead–Montreal West . Following a change of government and a 2004 referendum in which the population voted to de-merge by a wide margin, Montreal West was reconstituted as an independent city on January 1, 2006. In

765-403: The 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada , Montreal West had a population of 5,115 living in 1,943 of its 2,031 total private dwellings, a change of 1.3% from its 2016 population of 5,050 . With a land area of 1.37 km (0.53 sq mi), it had a population density of 3,733.6/km (9,669.9/sq mi) in 2021. Montreal West includes three medium-sized churches. One

810-648: The English Montreal School Board . The town has a public children's library located in Elizabeth Ballantyne school. A library for all age groups is located on Westminster Avenue. The Town of Montreal West prints a newspaper called The Informer on a monthly basis, excluding the summer. There are 9 editions of The Informer published per year. This newspaper is meant to foster a small-town atmosphere and to keep Montreal West citizens up to date on town information. The Informer

855-643: The French colony of New France to Britain after the Seven Years' War . Quebec City remained the capital. In 1774, Guy Carleton obtained from the British Government the Quebec Act , which gave Canadiens most of the territory they held before 1763; the right of religion; and their right of language and culture. The British Government did this to in order to keep their loyalty, in the face of

900-721: The Island of Montreal , Laval ( Île Jésus ), and communities along both the north shore of the Rivière des Mille-Îles and the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River . The ARTM's mandate also includes the management of reserved High-occupancy vehicle lanes , metropolitan bus terminuses, park-and-ride lots, and a budget of $ 163 million, which is shared amongst the transit corporations and inter-municipal public transit organizations. The Exo/ARTM's territory spans 63 municipalities and one native reserve, 13 regional county municipalities, and 21 transit authorities. It serves

945-615: The Quiet Revolution of the 1960s. The predominant French Canadian nationalism and identity of previous generations was based on the protection of the French language , the Roman Catholic Church , and Church-run institutions across Canada and in parts of the United States. In contrast, the modern Québécois identity is secular and based on a social democratic ideal of an active Quebec government promoting

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990-567: The Bloc Québécois resolution came to a vote. The English version changed the word Quebecer to Québécois and added "within a united Canada" at the end of the Bloc motion. The "Québécois nation" was recognized by the House of Commons of Canada on November 27, 2006. The Prime Minister specified that the motion used the "cultural" and "sociological" as opposed to the "legal" sense of

1035-609: The CMM/CMA. There are 82 municipalities that are part of the MMC and 91 municipalities that are part of the CMA. There are 79 municipalities that overlap between the two, with 3 municipalities being part of the MMC but not the CMA, and 12 municipalities being part of the CMA but not the MMC. Kanesatake and Kahnawake are not included in the previous counts. Exo operates the region's commuter rail and metropolitan bus services, and

1080-907: The French language and French-speaking culture in the arts, education, and business within the Province of Quebec . Politically, this resulted in a push towards more autonomy for Quebec and an internal debate on Quebec independence and identity that continues to this day. The emphasis on the French language and Quebec autonomy means that French-speakers across Canada now self-identify more specifically with provincial or regional identity-tags, such as acadienne , or franco-canadienne , franco-manitobaine , franco-ontarienne or fransaskoise . Terms such as Franco-Ontarian and Franco-Manitoban are still predominant. Francophones and anglophones use many terms when discussing issues of francophone linguistic and cultural identity in English. The political shift towards

1125-711: The French-Canadian culture of Quebec . A resident or native of Quebec is often referred to in English as a Quebecer or Quebecker. In French, Québécois or Québécoise usually refers to any native or resident of Quebec. Its use became more prominent in the 1960s as French Canadians from Quebec increasingly self-identified as Québécois. English expressions employing the term may imply specific reference to francophones; examples include "Québécois music","a Québécois rocker" or "Québécois literature" . The dictionary Le Petit Robert , published in France, states that

1170-676: The Northern Combines in red longjohns and the Southern Bombers in green longjohns, and play a football game in the frigid weather with proceeds from donations, food, and commemorative pins going to charity. The town of Montreal West has a large number of neighbourhood parks and public spaces. They include: Dave Reid Park, Davies Park, George Booth Park, Hodgson Park, John A. Simms Park, Kirkpatrick Park, Memorial Park, Percival Park, Ronald Park, Roy D. Locke Park, Rugby Park, Sheraton Park, Strathearn Park and Toe Blake Park (which

1215-596: The Parti Québécois tabled a motion that was unanimously adopted in the National Assembly affirming that the Quebec people formed a nation. Bloc Québécois leader Gilles Duceppe scheduled a similar motion in the House of Commons for November 23, 2006, that would have recognized "Quebecers as a nation". Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper tabled the Québécois nation motion the day before

1260-552: The adjective québécois , in addition to its territorial meaning, may refer specifically to francophone or French Canadian culture in Quebec. The dictionary gives as examples cinéma québécois and littérature québécoise . However, an ethnic or linguistic sense is absent from Le Petit Larousse , also published in France, as well as from French dictionaries published in Canada such as Le Dictionnaire québécois d'aujourd'hui and Le Dictionnaire du français Plus , which indicate instead Québécois francophone "francophone Quebecer" in

1305-542: The area around Quebec City where the Saint Lawrence River narrows to a cliff-lined gap. French explorer Samuel de Champlain chose this name in 1608 for the colonial outpost he would use as the administrative seat for the French colony of Canada and New France . The Province of Quebec was first founded as a British colony in the Royal Proclamation of 1763 after the Treaty of Paris formally transferred

1350-697: The city at the other end. It was also planned that the Pink Line (Montreal Metro) would be connecting in the Montreat Ouest region in the distant future. Montreal West is notable for having Quebec's highest rated Anglophone public high school, Royal West Academy (ranked 39th overall in 2005 by the Fraser Institute ). It also has two Anglophone elementary schools, Elizabeth Ballantyne Elementary School and Edinburgh Elementary School which offers French immersion . These schools are part of

1395-610: The entire Island of Montreal , Laval , and the Urban Agglomeration of Longueuil . Due to their proximity to Montreal's downtown core, some additional suburbs on the South Shore ( Brossard , Saint-Lambert , and Boucherville ) are usually included in the inner ring, despite their location on the mainland. The outer ring is composed of low-density municipalities located on the fringe of Metropolitan Montreal. Most of these cities and towns are semi-rural. Specifically,

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1440-541: The following questions: "1) I would now like to ask you about your ethnic ancestry, heritage or background. What were the ethnic or cultural origins of your ancestors? 2) In addition to "Canadian", what were the other ethnic or cultural origins of your ancestors on first coming to North America?" This survey did not list possible choices of ancestry and permitted multiple answers. In census ethnic surveys, French-speaking Canadians identify their ethnicity most often as French , Canadien , Québécois , or French Canadian , with

1485-555: The francophone people of Quebec mostly identified themselves as French Canadians and as Canadiens before anglophones started identifying as Canadians as well. A majority in the House of Commons of Canada in 2006 approved a motion tabled by Prime Minister Stephen Harper , which stated that the Québécois are a nation within a united Canada. Harper later elaborated that the motion's definition of Québécois relies on personal decisions to self-identify as Québécois, and therefore

1530-591: The issue and represented 15 of the 16 votes against the motion. Liberal MP Ken Dryden summarized the view of many of these dissenters, maintaining that it was a game of semantics that cheapened issues of national identity. A survey by Leger Marketing in November 2006 showed that Canadians were deeply divided on this issue. When asked if Québécois are a nation, only 53 per cent of Canadians agreed, 47 per cent disagreed, with 33 per cent strongly disagreeing; 78 per cent of French-speaking Canadians agreed that Québécois are

1575-847: The latter three referred to by Jantzen (2005) as "French New World" ancestries because they originate in Canada. Jantzen (2005) distinguishes the English Canadian , meaning "someone whose family has been in Canada for multiple generations", and the French Canadien , used to refer to descendants of the original settlers of New France in the 17th and 18th centuries. Those reporting "French New World" ancestries overwhelmingly had ancestors that went back at least 4 generations in Canada: specifically, 90% of Québécois traced their ancestry back this far. Fourth generation Canadiens and Québécois showed considerable attachment to their ethno-cultural group, with 70% and 61% respectively reporting

1620-481: The linguistic sense. The online dictionary Grand dictionnaire terminologique of the Office québécois de la langue française mentions only a territorial meaning for Québécois . Newspaper editor Lysiane Gagnon has referred to an ethnic sense of the word Québécois in both English and French. The name Québec comes from an Algonquin word meaning 'narrow passage' or 'strait'. The name originally referred to

1665-447: The parade (mainly the swimming pool float). Water fights during these years have seen water balloons and super soaker water guns, as well as the odd hose drawn from a house. Organizers have tried to minimize these activities in recent years so as not to detract from the parade itself, with varying success. Following the parade, residents converge on Strathearn Park for a giant picnic/BBQ. Many children's games and activities go on at

1710-490: The park, as well as in the nearby Percival park. The final event of the evening is the fireworks, which take place around 10pm at Hodgson Field. Annually on June 23 (the day before the actual holiday) there is a picnic at Davies Park, featuring music performed by Québécois musicians. In the late evening, a large bonfire is held in the centre of the park. The Garbage Bowl is a yearly tradition held every January 1 since 1950, where men from Montreal West separate into two teams,

1755-555: The provincial riding of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce , represented by Désirée McGraw . Canada Day is the largest community event of the year in Montreal West. Residents organize a parade route that mainly runs down the main street of Westminster and ends at Strathearn Park. Floats represented in the parade include organizations and clubs located in town, as well as some created personally by residents. In some years, there have been water fights between sidelined residents and members of

1800-569: The sovereigntist Parti Québécois government renewed the push for recognition as a nation through symbolic motions that gained the support of all parties in the National Assembly. They affirmed the right to determine the independent status of Quebec. They also renamed the area around Quebec City the Capitale-Nationale (national capital) region and renamed provincial parks Parcs Nationaux (national parks). In opposition in October 2003,

1845-646: The term off-island suburbs refers to those suburbs that are located on the North Shore of the Mille-Îles River , those on the South Shore that were never included in the megacity of Longueuil , and those on the Vaudreuil-Soulanges Peninsula . Crabtree Notre-Dame-des-Prairies Saint-Charles-Borromée Only a portion of the municipalities and MRC's located in geographical entities highlighted in light gray are part of

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1890-407: The word "nation" . According to Harper, the motion was of a symbolic political nature, representing no constitutional change, no recognition of Quebec sovereignty, and no legal change in its political relations within the federation. The Prime Minister has further elaborated, stating that the motion's definition of Québécois relies on personal decisions to self-identify as Québécois, and therefore

1935-504: Was allowed to open a large outlet on the corner of Westminster and Sherbrooke Street. Montreal West is serviced by six Société de transport de Montréal bus lines. Each of these connects to a corresponding Montreal Metro (subway) station or to the Montréal-Ouest Train Station . Trains that run through this station connect passengers to downtown Montreal on one end, and three different routes heading away from

1980-708: Was initially published under the name The Citizen's Viewspaper in 1973 by a group of Montreal West citizens before being changed to its current name. The Town of Montreal West has agreed to subsidize this paper to date. Greater Montreal Greater Montreal ( French : Grand Montréal , [ɡʁɑ̃ mɔ̃ʁeal] ) is the most populous metropolitan area in Quebec and the second most populous in Canada after Greater Toronto . In 2015, Statistics Canada identified Montreal 's Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) as 4,258.31 square kilometres (1,644.14 sq mi) with

2025-467: Was named after former Montreal Canadiens head coach Toe Blake ). The town also has an indoor ice skating rink, clay tennis courts, and a public swimming pool. The core business area of Montreal West is located on Westminster Avenue between Sherbrooke and Curzon. Until 2010, it consisted exclusively of small, non-franchised businesses, but in a controversial decision, the Pharmaprix drugstore chain

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