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52-547: [REDACTED] Look up Québécois , Québécoise , Quebecois , Quebecer , or Quebecker in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Québécois ( e ) or Quebecois ( e ) may refer to: Related to the Canadian province of Quebec most often, Québécois people , a native or inhabitant of Quebec any native or resident of Quebec, see Demographics of Quebec

104-659: A postsecondary degree or diploma. While women were more likely to have a university degree (33% vs 26%) or college degree (21% vs 11%), men were more numerous in having received vocational training . In Quebec, couples where both parents work are far more likely to have children than couples where only one parent works or none of them do. Households: In Quebec, most people are owners of the property that they live in. The vast majority of couples with or without children are property owners . Most one-person households, however, are renters . Single-parent homes are equally divided between being property owners or renters. From 1996 to 2016,

156-501: A visible minority group, as of the 2021 Canadian census. This is a lower percentage than that of British Columbia , Ontario, Alberta , and Manitoba but higher than that of the remaining five provinces. Most visible minorities in Quebec live in or near Montreal . The indigenous peoples of Quebec have inhabited the region for several millennia. Each community possesses its own social structure, culture and territorial entity. In 2016,

208-573: A continuing trend where marriages are becoming less numerous; in 1970, the number of marriages hit a peak with more than 50,000 celebrations and the number has been slowly decreasing ever since. The average age for marriage is now 33.5 for men and 32.1 for women, an increase of 8.0 and 8.5 years respectively since 1970. 72% of marriages occur on a Saturday. Half of all marriages unite a man and woman with an age gap of 3 years or less. Though they are still uncommon, civil unions are becoming more and more popular. Demographic growth: In 2019, Quebec registered

260-401: A freighter launched in 1963 Groupe La Québécoise , a passenger transport company See also [ edit ] French Canadian Quebecer (disambiguation) Quebec (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Québécois . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

312-498: A little under 23% of the Canadian population. Quebec's demographic weight in Canada has been gradually decreasing since 1971 when it was 28% of the population. In 2018, Quebec's three most populated regions are Montreal (2,029,379), Montérégie (1,554,282) and Capitale-Nationale (745,135). Quebec's three least populated regions are Nord-du-Québec (45,558), Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine (90,709) and Côte-Nord (91,213). Quebec

364-553: A lowered rate of giving birth has been mostly observed in people in their 20s. From 30 years of age and onwards, the rate is either increasing or stable. This demonstrates a trend towards wanting to form a family later in life. As of 2020, the average lifespan is 82.3 years. Between 2010 and 2019, there were between 1000 and 1600 deaths every week, with deaths being at their highest levels in January and their lowest levels in July. In 2021,

416-518: A million people in Quebec are of Acadian ascent, with roughly 4.8 million possessing one or multiple Acadian ancestors in their genealogy tree. Furthermore, more than a million people wear a patronym of Acadian origin. All of this is because a large number of Acadians had fled Acadia to take refuge in Quebec during the Great Upheaval . Quebec houses an Acadian community spread out across several regions. Nowadays, Acadians mainly live on

468-577: Is also accompanied the Charter of the French language -or "Bill 101"- since 1977. "The campaign of systematic disinformation waged by English-language newspapers about Quebec began with the Charter and has never ceased to draw on the Charter; it gave rise to stubborn prejudices and maintains a profound ignorance of the reality of Quebec." French is the official language of Quebec. Québécois French

520-445: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois [REDACTED] Look up Québécois , Québécoise , Quebecois , Quebecer , or Quebecker in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Québécois ( e ) or Quebecois ( e ) may refer to: Related to

572-412: Is home to "one of the world's most valuable founder populations". Founder populations are very valuable to medical genetic research as they are pockets of low genetic variability which provide a useful research context for discovering gene-disease linkages. The Quebec founder population arose through the influx of people into Quebec from France in the 17th century to mid-18th century; a high proportion of

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624-433: Is kinship. Quebec differs from other Canadian provinces in that French is the only official and preponderant language, while English predominates in the rest of Canada . French is the common language , understood and spoken by 94.46% of the population. Quebec is the only Canadian province whose population is mainly Francophone ; 6,102,210 people (78.1% of the population) recorded it as their sole native language in

676-1224: Is made up of eight ethnic groups: the Abenaki , the Algonquin , the Attikamek , the Cree , the Wolastoqiyik , the Mi'kmaq , the Innu and the Naskapis . These last two formed, until 1978, a single ethnic group: the Innu. The Iroquoian family is made up of the Huron-Wendat and the Mohawks . Only the Mohawks were part of the Iroquois Confederacy ( Haudenosaunee ), along with five other Indigenous groups from New York State and Ontario . The eleventh indigenous ethnic group in Quebec,

728-499: Is now higher than the Canadian average. At 1.74 children per woman in 2008, it is above the Canada-wide rate of 1.59, and has increased for five consecutive years, reaching its highest level since 1976. However, it is still below the replacement fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman. This contrasts with its fertility rates before 1960, which were among the highest of any industrialized society. For example, between 1951 and 1961,

780-434: Is the baby-boomers that are between 54 and 74 years of age. There are a few other less pronounced peaks, namely in the 1980s, and the one around 2010. A noticeable crater can be observed around the year 2000 because of a record-low amount of births. In 2020, 20.8% of the population is less than 20 years old, 59.5% are aged between 20 and 64 years old, and 19.7% are 65 years old or older. In 2019, Quebec witnessed an increase in

832-458: Is the highest of all provinces of Canada. In 2001, 42% of international adoptions in Canada were carried out in Quebec. Population growth rate : 0.7% (2006) Birth rate : 9.9% (2005) Synthetic fertility index : 1.61 (2006) Death rate : 7.4% (2003) Net migration rate : 4.1% (2003) Infant mortality rate : 0.46% (2004) Stillbirth rate : 3.8% -- 3.5% notwithstanding requested abortions (2002) Life expectancy : In 2002, life expectancy

884-671: Is the most widely used variant . The Office québécois de la langue française oversees the application of the linguistic policy on the territory jointly with the Superior Council of the French Language and the Commission de toponymie du Québec . Their recommendations then become part of the debate on the standard for Quebec French and are represented in Le Grand Dictionnaire terminologique (GDT),

936-692: The Commission de la capitale nationale du Québec unveiled a monument to Acadians entitled "Towards the Light". The monument symbolizes and explains the predominant role that the Acadians and their descendants played in the history of Quebec. The Premier of Quebec, Bernard Landry , declared at this unveiling that: Between the Québécois people and the Acadian people, there is more than friendship, there

988-430: The 2011 Census , and 6,249,085 (80.0%) recorded that they spoke it most often at home. Knowledge of French is widespread even among those who do not speak it natively; in 2011, about 94.4% of the total population reported being able to speak French, alone or in combination with other languages. A considerable number of Quebec residents consider themselves to be bilingual in French and English. In Quebec, about 42.6% of

1040-751: The Banque de dépannage linguistique  [ fr ] (BDL) and various other works. Through its linguistic recommendations, the GDT fights against the invasion of Frenglish into the French language. Since the 1970s, scientific research on the matter has been carried out by university organizations, including the Trésor de la langue française au Québec (TLFQ) and the Franqus group  [ fr ] . The French settlers who settled in New France came largely from

1092-609: The Côte-Nord and Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean for the potential creation of a similar autonomy in two new distinct territories that would be called Innu Assi and Nitassinan . Moreover, in January 2010, an agreement between Quebec City and Montagnais granted the Mashteuiatsh Band Council the ability to plan out development in the entire Ashuapmushuan Wildlife Reserve , which is located on the Nitassinan of

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1144-803: The Inuit (or, obsolete, the Eskimos ), belong to the Inuit–Aleut family . The Inuit live mainly in Nunavik , Nord-du-Québec (Nouveau Quebec) and make up the majority of the population living north of the 55th parallel. Of these indigenous peoples, so-called "nomadic" tribes exist, specifically the tribes of Algonquian cultures (eg: the Algonquins, the Cree and the Innu), as well as more "sedentary" ones, specifically

1196-520: The Magdalen Islands and in Gaspesia , but about thirty other communities are present elsewhere in Quebec, mostly in the Côte-Nord and Centre-du-Québec regions. An Acadian community in Quebec can be called a "Cadie" or "Petite Cadie", and some cities and villages use the demonym "Cadien". The Festival Acadien des Îles-de-la-Madeleine is a festival which occurs every year in memory of

1248-539: The Royal Proclamation of 1763 , issued by King George III , the indigenous peoples were stated to have an indisputable right to their lands. However, quickly following the proclamation and after the peace treaties with New France and France concluded, the British Crown decided to institute territorial treaties which allowed British authorities to proceed with the total extinction of the land titles of

1300-583: The Canadian province of Quebec most often, Québécois people , a native or inhabitant of Quebec any native or resident of Quebec, see Demographics of Quebec the French culture of Quebec Quebec French , the variety of French spoken in Quebec A native or inhabitant of the province's capital, Quebec City (rare in English) Le Québécois , a newspaper based in Quebec City Algoma Quebecois ,

1352-481: The French culture of Quebec Quebec French , the variety of French spoken in Quebec A native or inhabitant of the province's capital, Quebec City (rare in English) Le Québécois , a newspaper based in Quebec City Algoma Quebecois , a freighter launched in 1963 Groupe La Québécoise , a passenger transport company See also [ edit ] French Canadian Quebecer (disambiguation) Quebec (disambiguation) Topics referred to by

1404-786: The Indigenous groups. Entirely under federal tutelage and direction, indigenous rights were enunciated in the Indian Act and adopted at the end of the 19th century. This act confines First Nations within the Indian reserves created for them. The Indian Act is still in effect today. In 1975, the Cree , Inuit and the Quebec government agreed to an agreement called the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement that would extended Indigenous rights beyond Indian reserves , and to over two-thirds of Quebec's territory. Because this extension

1456-593: The Iroquoian tribes, producers of the Three Sisters ( corn , beans and squash ), are instead developed around a matriarchal structure derived from the "long cabin" called a longhouse which houses within it several families under the authority of one dean. Although they represent today approximately 3% of the Quebec population, the indigenous peoples of Quebec have contributed a lot to Quebec society thanks to their ideals of respect for flora, fauna, nature and

1508-660: The community of the Pekuakamiulnuatsh. A few political institutions have also been created over time: The following table shows the traditional territories of the First Nations and Inuit peoples who live in Quebec , including the basins of the St. Lawrence Valley and James Bay , as well as on the Labrador peninsula . The subject of Acadians in Quebec  [ fr ] is an important one as more than

1560-420: The environment as well as thanks to their values of hospitality, generosity and sharing. Economically, through the fur trade and the development of relationships with settlers, including coureurs des bois , merchants, cartographers and Jesuit fathers . In addition to contributing to Quebec toponymy  [ fr ] , indigenous peoples also contributed through their more advanced knowledge than settlers in

1612-445: The federal government of Canada's aggressive immigration policies. Since the 1970s, Quebec has always had more immigrants than emigrants. This can be attributed to international immigration as the number of people moving to Quebec from another province is always lower than the other way around. As of 2019, most international immigrants come from China, India or France. Education and work: In 2016, 3 out of 10 people in Quebec possessed

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1664-550: The following areas: holistic medicine, the functioning of human biology, remedies for several diseases, curing scurvy at settlers' arrival (its thought this was done with a cure made from fir , white cedar or anneda ), winter clothing ( tanning ), architecture that insulates against the cold, means of faster transport on snow ( snowshoes and dogsled ) and on water ( canoes , kayaks and rabaskas ), l'acériculture (the process of making maple syrup ), sports ( lacrosse and ice fishing ), moose and caribou hunting, trapping ,

1716-689: The founders of the first villages on the Magdalen Islands . The festival is held in Havre Aubert for about two weeks. There, Québécois and Acadians from all corners of Quebec and other neighbouring lands mingle to celebrate Acadian culture. The town of Bonaventure , in Gaspesia, also houses the Musé Acadien du Québec which features permanent exhibitions on Acadians in Quebec, like Une Acadie québécoise and Secrets d'Acadiens, les coulisses de la rue Grand-Pré . In 2002, on National Acadian Day ,

1768-513: The highest rate of population growth since 1972 (when quality data began to be recorded), with an increase of 110,000 people, mostly because of the arrival of a high number of non-permanent residents . The number of non-permanent residents has recently sky-rocketed from a little over 100,000 in 2014 to 260,000 in 2019. Quebec's population growth is usually middle-of-the-pack compared to other provinces and very high compared to other developed countries (ex. United States, France, Germany, etc.) because of

1820-473: The indigenous population of Quebec numbered 182,885 people. However, because federal law only recognized children of indigenous fathers until the 1980s, the actual number may be higher. All the ethnicities living primarily south of the 55th parallel are collectively referred to in Quebec as " Amerindians ", "Indians", "First Nations" or, obsolete, "Redskins". The ten First Nations ethnic groups in Quebec are linked to two linguistic groups. The Algonquian family

1872-511: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Québécois&oldid=1254379959 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing French-language text Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Demographics of Quebec In 2013, Statistics Canada had estimated

1924-559: The number of births compared to the year before (84,200 vs 83,840) and had a replacement rate of about 1.6 per woman. Replacement rates being below 2.1 something that is the norm in industrialised regions like Quebec. Quebec has a higher replacement rate than the Canadian average (1,47). Quebec's rate can also be both higher (ex. Switzerland (1.48), Portugal (1.42), Japan (1.36), Italy (1.29), etc.) or lower (ex. United States (1.73), New Zealand (1.75), Sweden (1.70), England (1.65), etc.) than other industrialised regions'. In Quebec,

1976-410: The number of people per household has decreased from an average of 2.5 to 2.25. In 2016, the vast majority of low income households were one-person households. In 2016, 80% of both property owners and renters considered their housing to be "unaffordable". Age structure : (2016 census) In 2016, Quebec's median age was 41.2 years old. According to Quebec's age pyramid , the most numerous generation

2028-583: The older more general system of classification is shown below: Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (7,125,580) and may total more than 100% due to dual responses Only groups of more than 0.02% are shown The 2021 census counted a total Indigenous population of 205,010 (2.5%) including 116,550 First Nations (1.4%), 61,010 Métis (0.7%), and 15,800 Inuit (0.2%). The Indigenous population tends to be undercounted, as some Indian bands regularly refuse to participate in Canadian censuses for political reasons regarding

2080-510: The population (3,328,725 people) report knowing both languages; this is the highest proportion of bilinguals in any Canadian province. The federal electoral district of Lac-Saint-Louis , located in the Bilingual Belt , is the most bilingual area in the province with 72.8% of its residents claiming to know English and French, according to the 2011 census. In contrast, in the rest of Canada , in 2006, only about 10.2 percent (2,430,990) of

2132-427: The population grew nearly 30% with only small net migration (large number of international migrants had settled in Quebec in the preceding period but large numbers of Quebec residents had emigrated to other provinces as well as New England), a natural growth rate matched today only by some African countries. Although Quebec is home to only 22.0% of the population of Canada, the number of international adoptions in Quebec

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2184-477: The population had a knowledge of both of the country's official languages. The Quebec government defends the French language and the Francophonie in the face of the mostly English-dominated rest of North America. The Gendron Commission report of 1968 established the foundations for the white book of the government of Quebec' linguistic policy. Dependent on commissions of inquiry , this policy statement

2236-453: The province's population to be 8,155,334. In the 2016 census , Quebec's population had slightly grown from that estimate to 8,164,361 living in 3,531,663 of its 3,858,943 total dwellings, a 3.3% change from its 2011 population of 7,903,001. With a land area of 1,356,625.27 km (523,795.95 sq mi), it had a population density of 6.0/km (15.6/sq mi) in 2016. In 2021, Quebec's population had become 8,501,833. Quebec accounts for

2288-509: The question of Indigenous sovereignty. In 2016, the Mohawk reserves of Kahnawake and Doncaster 17 along with the Indian settlement of Kanesatake and Lac-Rapide , a reserve of the Algonquins of Barriere Lake , were not counted. {Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (7,435,905)} Approximately 16% of the population of Quebec belongs to

2340-582: The region's life expectancy increased after a decline amid the pandemic, reaching 83 years. Population since 1824: Source: Statistics Canada [2] [3] [4] Archived 2008-02-13 at the Wayback Machine [5]  % Province of Canada population Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (7,435,905) and may total more than 100 percent due to dual responses. Only groups with 0.06 percent or more of respondents are shown. Ethnicity according to

2392-461: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Québécois . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Québécois&oldid=1254379959 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing French-language text Short description

2444-489: The settlers either returned to France or died. Of the approximately 33,500 colonists who arrived to Canada, fewer than 10,000 remained. There were approximately 8,500 colonists who settled from France and had at least one child in the colony. About seven million Canadians (along with several million French Americans in the United States ) are descendants of these original 8,500 colonists. Quebec's fertility rate

2496-579: The territory and its components, watersheds and their watercourses and natural resources. When Europeans arrived in America in the 16th century, the Algonquian-speaking peoples and the St. Lawrence Iroquoians made allies with the French colonists for the purpose of trade. The first connection was made with the arrival of Jacques Cartier when he set foot in Gaspé and met Donnacona , chief of

2548-603: The tribes of Iroquoian traditions (eg: the Iroquois and the Hurons-Wendat). The more sedentary groups are the ones who developed more complex forms of social organization. Traditionally, nomadic tribes follow the migration of herds of animals that serve as prey, such as bison , moose or seals . The way of life of the Algonquian and Inuit tribes is dictated by the obligations of hunting and fishing. The traditions of

2600-511: The village of Stadacona (Stadaconé, today, the city of Quebec ), in 1534. Moreover, the legend of the Kingdom of Saguenay prompted King Francis I to finance new trips to the New World . Rather than by conquest and by force, it is by promoting commercial and military alliances, and by concluding numerous peace and friendship treaties that relations between the two peoples solidified. In

2652-479: Was 76.3 years for males and 81.9 years for females. Urbanisation : In 2001, 80.4% of Quebecers lived in urban areas. Literacy : International Adult Literacy Survey 47% Prose, 42% Document, 40% Quantitative (1996) Note: This is not the official literacy rate, and should not be used in comparisons with rates calculated using different procedures. Marriages: In 2019, 22,250 marriages were celebrated, about 600 less than in 2017 and 2018. These numbers illustrate

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2704-614: Was enacted without the participation of the federal government , the extended Indigenous rights only exist in Quebec. In 1978, the Naskapis joined the agreement when the Northeastern Quebec Agreement was signed. As a result, these three ethnic groups were able to break away from their subjugation to the Indian Act. In recent times, discussions have been underway for several years with the Montagnais of

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