85-535: Moss Point is a city in Jackson County , Mississippi , United States. The population was 12,147 in 2020, a decline from the figure of 13,704 in 2010. The Moss Point Historic District and several individual buildings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places ' Jackson County listings . On August 29, 2005, Moss Point was hit by the strong east side of Hurricane Katrina , and much of
170-968: A 28-foot (8.5 m) storm surge flooding 6–12 miles (9.7–19.3 km) inland. Many, unable to evacuate, survived by climbing to attics or rooftops, or swimming to higher buildings and trees. The worst property damage from Katrina occurred in coastal Mississippi, where all towns flooded over 90% in hours, and waves destroyed many historic buildings, with others gutted to the 3rd story. Afterward, 238 people died in Mississippi, and all counties in Mississippi were declared disaster areas, 49 for full federal assistance. Regulations were changed later for emergency centers and casinos. The emergency command centers were moved higher because all 3 coastal centers flooded at 30 ft (9.1 m) above sea level. Casinos were allowed on land rather than limited to floating casino barges as in 2005. More than one million people in Mississippi were affected, and almost 6 months later,
255-480: A Category 3 hurricane on August 29. Shortly thereafter, Katrina made another landfall near the border of Louisiana and Mississippi. It remained a hurricane as far inland as Meridian, Mississippi , when it weakened into a tropical storm. Katrina weakened further into a tropical depression near Clarksville, Tennessee , and later got absorbed by a cold front in the Great Lakes region . On August 24,
340-534: A bulletin predicting "devastating" damage rivaling the intensity of Hurricane Camille . Mandatory evacuations were issued for large areas of southeast Louisiana as well as coastal Mississippi and Alabama . Officials also issued mandatory evacuations for portions of the Florida panhandle. By 4:30 am. CDT, on August 29, 2005, just hours before Hurricane Katrina landfall, many shelters in Mississippi were full to capacity, including many Red Cross shelters,
425-404: A condensed measure of the construction damage, without counting the millions of lost roof tiles, thousands of broken windows, etc. The three coastal counties of Mississippi, populated by about 400,000 people (almost the population of central New Orleans), had been mostly evacuated before Katrina flooded the 100-mile (160 km) region. Katrina's storm surge was the most extensive, as well as
510-573: A fatal car accident during the storm. Rainfall in Alabama reached 6.59 in (167 mm) at a station near Red Bay . Katrina also spawned 16 tornadoes in the state. On Dauphin Island , a storm surge of 15 ft (4.6 m) moved ashore, destroying over 350 houses. Only 50 have since been rebuilt. As a result of the storm surge, an oil rig under construction along the Mobile River
595-439: A harder hit from the wind and water than any other town along the coast. Katrina came ashore during the high tide of 8:01 am, raising the storm tide by 2 ft (0.61 m), to over 30 feet (9.1 m). The storm dragged away almost every structure within one-half mile (0.80 km) of the beach, leaving driveways and walkways that went to nowhere. In Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, one foot (0.30 m) of water swamped
680-605: A high water mark of 27.8 ft (8,500 mm) recorded at Pass Christian . Based on the observation, the NHC estimated that an area around Bay of St. Louis experienced a storm surge of 24 to 28 ft (7.3 to 8.5 m). This set a record for the highest storm surge in the United States, surpassing the 24 ft (7.3 m) storm surge set during Hurricane Camille in 1969, also in Pass Christian. In addition to
765-614: A hurricane watch on August 27 from Intracoastal City, Louisiana to the Florida/Alabama border. This was modified to a hurricane warning from Morgan City, Louisiana to the Florida/Alabama border, with a tropical storm warning westward to Intracoastal City, and another tropical storm warning extending eastward to Destin, Florida . On August 28, the National Weather Service in Slidell, Louisiana issued
850-499: A hurricane, and Katrina made its first landfall near the border of Miami-Dade and Broward counties with winds of around 80 mph (130 km/h), at 22:30 UTC on August 25. It briefly weakened into a tropical storm over Florida, but restrengthened in the Gulf of Mexico, becoming a Category 5 on August 28. Katrina weakened slightly as it approached the northern gulf coast, making landfall in southeastern Louisiana as
935-512: A result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida panhandle, 77,000 customers lost power. When Katrina moved ashore, it produced hurricane-force winds across southwestern Alabama. Dauphin Island recorded sustained winds of 74 mph (119 km/h), while the USS ; Alabama docked in Mobile Bay recorded gusts to 104 mph (167 km/h). The hurricane also washed ashore with
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#17327824105331020-490: A significant storm surge that flooded coastal portions of southern Alabama, reaching several miles inland. The Port of Mobile recorded a high tide of 11.45 ft (3.49 m), which was nearly as high as the record set during the 1916 Gulf Coast hurricane . The floodwaters inundated downtown Mobile , closing several businesses as well as the George Wallace Tunnel . Two indirect deaths were reported after
1105-558: A state of emergency, and on August 27, Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour did the same for his state. Alabama Governor Bob Riley declared a state of emergency on August 28. While the hurricane was still over water, President George W. Bush declared a disaster area for Louisiana and Mississippi, allocating resources from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Before Katrina moved ashore Florida, schools and businesses were closed in
1190-417: A tropical storm warning and a hurricane watch was issued for Lake Okeechobee . Early on August 25, a hurricane warning was issued from Florida City to Vero Beach and for Lake Okeechobee. In southeastern Florida, the lead time for the hurricane watch and warning occurred 31.5 and 19.5 hours before landfall, respectively; both were 16.5 hours less than the desired lead time. A tropical storm warning
1275-568: A wind gust of 87 mph (140 km/h). The strongest sustained winds in Florida was a report of 72 mph (116 km/h) on the roof of the Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science in Virginia Key . The same station recorded a gust of 94 mph (151 km/h). Unofficially, wind gusts reached 97 mph (156 km/h) at Homestead General Aviation Airport . The hurricane's accompanying storm surge
1360-578: Is bordered to the south by the city of Pascagoula , the county seat , and to the north by unincorporated Escatawpa . The Escatawpa River flows east–west through the city into the Pascagoula River. U.S. Route 90 forms the southeastern boundary of Moss Point, leading southwestward into Pascagoula and northeastward to Interstate 10 , which runs through the northern part of the Moss Point city limits. I-10 leads west 22 miles (35 km) to
1445-550: Is in the Piney Woods area. It borders the state of Alabama on its east side. The county was severely damaged by both Hurricane Camille in August 1969 and Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005, which caused catastrophic effects . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 1,043 square miles (2,700 km ), of which 723 square miles (1,870 km ) is land and 321 square miles (830 km ) (31%)
1530-468: Is the last Democrat to manage 40 percent of the vote. 30°28′N 88°37′W / 30.46°N 88.62°W / 30.46; -88.62 Effect of Hurricane Katrina on Mississippi The Southeastern United States , extending from South Florida to Louisiana and areas inland, was severely affected by Hurricane Katrina , which caused many deaths and billions in damages. After developing on August 23, Katrina made landfall near
1615-463: Is true that the authorities of the city and state government were mainly in charge of moving people to safety, Hurricane Pam's disaster plan noted that there was a scarcity of resources in support shelters for the state of Louisiana. Shortly thereafter the effects of Hurricane Katrina were evident, President Bush made it clear that he wanted there to be an investigation regarding the government's preparedness for and response to Hurricane Katrina. Across
1700-524: Is water. It is the largest county in Mississippi by total area. Despite the county's name, Jackson County does not contain the City of Jackson, the latter is located in Hinds County. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 143,252 people, 56,323 households, and 38,007 families residing in the county. The Jackson County Sheriff's Office provides law enforcement services for communities in
1785-588: Is what Hiroshima looked like 60 years ago." The mayor of Biloxi, A.J. Holloway, told the Biloxi Sun Herald , "This is our tsunami." Relief and rebuilding efforts initially focused on restoring power and clearing communities of debris up to eight feet (2.4 m) in depth. Because of federal intent to rebuild or recover projects of the US Federal Government, the damage assessment to federal buildings in Mississippi covers actual costs:
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#17327824105331870-511: The 2020 United States census , there were 12,147 people, 5,102 households, and 3,263 families residing in the city. The city is served by the Moss Point School District . On August 29, 2005, Moss Point was hit by the strong eastern side of Hurricane Katrina , when it passed 30 miles (48 km) east of central New Orleans with minimal gale-force winds. However, on the east side of Hurricane Katrina, much of Moss Point
1955-559: The 2020 census , the population was 143,252, making it the fifth-most populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Pascagoula . The county was named for Andrew Jackson , general in the United States Army and afterward President of the United States . Jackson County is included in the Pascagoula, MS Metropolitan Statistical Area . It is located at the southeastern tip of the state. The county has sandy soil and
2040-490: The Army Corps of Engineers had warned that a direct hurricane strike on New Orleans could lead to massive flooding, which would lead to thousands of drowning deaths, as well as many more suffering from disease and dehydration, as the flood waters slowly receded from the city. At a news conference 10:00 am on August 28, shortly after Katrina was upgraded to a Category 5 storm, New Orleans mayor Ray Nagin ordered
2125-656: The Biloxi area and northeast 36 miles (58 km) to Mobile, Alabama . Mississippi Highways 63 and 613 (Main Street) are north–south roads through Moss Point. Highway 63 leads south to US-90 and north 38 miles (61 km) to Lucedale , while Highway 613 leads south 4 miles (6 km) to the center of Pascagoula and north 5 miles (8 km) to Escatawpa. Moss Point has a total area of 26.6 square miles (68.8 km), of which 24.2 square miles (62.6 km) are land and 2.4 square miles (6.3 km), or 9.11%, are water. As of
2210-888: The Biloxi Bay Bridge and the St. Louis Bay Bridge , both carrying part of U.S. Route 90 . Along the coast, the floodwaters destroyed or heavily damaged all 13 casino barges, with slot machines and docks wrecked. Farther inland, heavy rainfall caused flash flooding that closed or washed out several roads near creeks or rivers. Across the state, the high winds knocked down or damaged millions of trees, including hundreds that fell onto cars or homes. The winds destroyed roofs while also damaging windows and signs. There were at least 15 fatalities related to fallen trees. The timber industry sustained about $ 1.3 billion in damage. High winds and fallen trees knocked down thousands of power lines, leaving more than 900,000 people in
2295-669: The Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached 7.80 in (198 mm) in Philpot , which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as
2380-692: The Jackson Coliseum (which allowed pets), and five special-needs shelters. The shelters had filled within 24 hours of opening. Since the evacuation was not total, many people survived the 30-foot (9.1 m) storm tide by climbing into the second-floor attic, or knocking out walls and ceiling boards to climb onto the roof or nearby trees. Tree trunks remained standing, even near the beaches, where many houses were leveled. Other people had swum to taller buildings or trees. Over 100 people were rescued from roof tops and trees in Mississippi. Amtrak , America's rail passenger carrier, announced that
2465-498: The Melbourne National Weather Service region. Kennedy Space Center reported wind gusts to 46 mph (74 km/h), although there was no damage or erosion in the area. In southwestern Florida, the storm produced a storm surge of 1.13 ft (0.34 m) in St. Petersburg . In the central portion of the state, some areas for pasture were flooded due to outer rainbands. The Florida panhandle
2550-565: The National Hurricane Center (NHC) first started issuing tropical cyclone watches and warnings for the southeastern United States. The agency issued a tropical storm warning and a hurricane watch from Florida City to Vero Beach, with a tropical storm watch southward to the Seven Mile Bridge . About 25 hours before Katrina made landfall, the tropical storm watch was extended northward to Titusville , and
2635-477: The amphibious assault ship USS Makin Island . Hancock County was the scene of the final landfall of the eye of Hurricane Katrina, causing total devastation in Waveland, Bay St. Louis, Pearlington , and Clermont Harbor, as well as southern Diamondhead . The bridge between Bay St. Louis and Pass Christian was destroyed. practically obliterated Waveland, Mississippi, and state officials said that it took
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2720-498: The 1.3 million residents of the New Orleans metropolitan region evacuated including 80% of Orleans parish. More than 80,000 people were homeless at the time. Months before Hurricane Katrina made landfall on New Orleans, a hurricane simulation was created to warn the city of a potential hurricane crisis and its devastating outcomes. The simulation was named Pam, in which a category 3 hurricane's strong winds and flooding caused
2805-732: The City of Gautier. The Moss Point School District serves Moss Point and most of Escatawpa . The Ocean Springs School District serves Ocean Springs . Like most of the Solid South , Jackson County consistently voted for the Democratic presidential candidate through 1960, except for 1948, when it was carried by Dixiecrat Strom Thurmond . For much of this time, Republicans were lucky to get even 1,000 votes. It voted overwhelmingly for Republican Barry Goldwater in 1964, voted for George Wallace in 1968 over Republican Richard Nixon , and has stuck with Republicans ever since. Jimmy Carter
2890-707: The Emergency Operations Center at the Hancock County courthouse, which sits 30 feet (9.1 m) above sea level. Katrina also destroyed the first floor and dormitories of Saint Stanislaus College . Harrison County was hit particularly hard by the hurricane and the storm surge. Its two largest coastal cities, Biloxi and Gulfport, suffered severe damage and a number of casualties. By September 2005 126 people were already confirmed dead. Smaller coastal towns were also severely damaged. Much of Long Beach and most of Pass Christian, which bore
2975-674: The Florida Keys since 1950. Similar to the Miami area, Katrina dropped heavy rainfall in the Florida Keys, reaching 10.05 in (255 mm) in Key West. In the area, the storm left about 5,000 people without power. After Katrina re-intensified into a hurricane, a station on the Dry Tortugas reported sustained winds of 82 mph (132 km/h), with gusts to 105 mph (169 km/h). Light rains and winds spread into
3060-493: The Gulf Coast region is estimated at $ 200 million. Until major roadways ( US 49 , US 59 ) could be cleared, deliverers of supplies and other emergency relief were forced to detour through highway 609 or highway 43/603, though these routes were not officially posted. Surveying the damage the day after Katrina's passing, Mississippi governor Haley Barbour called the scene indescribable, saying "I can only imagine that this
3145-511: The HPC routinely executes service backup for the NHC. An example of this is when the HPC conducted a respective amount of drills for service backup in the summer months leading up to Katrina. During Hurricane Katrina's landfall, the NHC's implementation and execution of policies was seen as excellent by many government emergency officials. Throughout the tracking of Hurricane Katrina, the NHC's forecasts were very consistent and provided strong evidence for
3230-761: The Miami area. Cruise ships altered their paths due to seaports in southeastern Florida closing. Officials in Miami-Dade County advised residents in mobile homes or with special needs to evacuate. To the north in Broward County, residents east of the Intracoastal Waterway or in mobile homes were advised to leave their homes. Evacuation orders were issued for offshore islands in Palm Beach County , and for residents in mobile homes south of Lantana Road. Shelters were opened across
3315-669: The Mississippi Emergency Management Agency (MEMA) advised not opening shelters in coastal counties. However, on August 28, the Red Cross also opened shelters in coastal counties, and by 7:00 pm, 11 counties and eleven cities issued evacuation orders, a number which increased to 41 counties and 61 cities before the following morning, when Katrina came ashore. Moreover, 57 emergency shelters were established on coastal communities, with 31 additional shelters available to open if needed. The NHC issued
3400-521: The NWS. Along with this, the HPC supplies the NHC with precipitation statements. After what is considered a tropical storm progresses inward on land and the NHS terminates any alerts they put out, the HPC then accepts the authority of watching over the system. The two offices work hand in hand with one another to ensure the most accurate information is released to the public. The storm that became Hurricane Katrina
3485-469: The New Orleans metropolitan area is below sea level along Lake Pontchartrain . Since the storm surge produced by the hurricane's right-front quadrant (containing the strongest winds) was more than 20 ft (6 m) near Biloxi , emergency management officials in New Orleans feared that the storm surge could go over the tops of levees protecting the city, causing major flooding. This risk of devastation had been known for some time; previous studies by FEMA and
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3570-695: The affected area. The National Weather Center's (NWS) services are provided collaboratively with several different offices that specialize in certain areas regarding the weather. Some of these offices include the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and the Hydro-meteorological Prediction Center (HPC). The NHC is a component for the National Centers for Environmental Prediction, and the HPC is a provider of weather forecasts and analyses that support
3655-407: The amount needed to resume operations at market costs. The following federal projects are described in terms of damage, along with the cost to resume operations: The cost amounts were decided for work continuing in 2006. Note that repairs include modern renovation, since it is not feasible to assess damage in terms of restoring federal buildings to the year they were built. However, the costs provide
3740-574: The border of Broward and Miami-Dade counties with 80 mph (130 km/h) winds on August 25. After emerging from the state, Katrina intensified into one of the strongest Atlantic hurricanes , becoming a Category 5 on the Saffir–Simpson scale . It weakened slightly before making landfall on August 29, 2005. It struck the Gulf Coast as a Category 3 hurricane. It moved ashore near the border of Louisiana and Mississippi and weakened as it moved inland, dissipating on August 31. In Florida,
3825-572: The brunt of Category 5 Hurricane Camille in 1969, were leveled. Nearby Gulfshore Baptist Assembly, a camp owned and operated by the Mississippi Baptist Convention, was permanently closed, and recommendations were made to build a new facility elsewhere. Residents who survived Hurricane Camille stated that Katrina was "much worse," with a storm surge reportedly reaching further inland than the previous catastrophic storm. Katrina's wind estimates were lighter than Camille's, and
3910-520: The central air pressure was slightly higher, but Camille was also a much smaller storm so the greater impact of the storm surge may be due to the size. Keesler Air Force Base , also located in Biloxi, reported extensive damage to its facilities. Gulfport authorities reported to news station CNN that up to ten feet (3.0 m) of water covered downtown streets. The Biloxi-Ocean Springs Bridge was also destroyed, and US 90 had heavy debris and severe damage to
3995-552: The city was flooded or destroyed (see details below). Moss Point is home to Trent Lott International Airport and the Mississippi Export Railroad . An EF2 tornado touched down in Moss Point on June 19, 2023 The tornado covered six miles of the city and damaged or destroyed over 300 homes and businesses. Moss Point is in southeastern Jackson County, on the east side of the Pascagoula River . It
4080-644: The city, at the massive Louisiana Superdome , which housed approximately 26,000 people with food and water for two days as the storm came ashore. The Louisiana National Guard delivered three truckloads of water and seven truckloads of MRE's to the Superdome, "enough to supply 15,000 people for three days" said Colonel Jay Mayeaux, director of the Department of Homeland Security 's office for emergency preparedness. Louisiana's hurricane evacuation plan calls for local governments in areas along and near
4165-595: The coast to call for evacuations in three phases, starting with the immediate coast 50 hours before the start of tropical storm force winds. Persons in areas designated Phase II begin evacuating 40 hours before the onset of tropical storm winds and those in Phase III areas (including New Orleans) evacuate 30 hours before the start of such winds. However, many parishes were not able to provide sufficient transportation for citizens who did not have private means of evacuation, and many private care-taking facilities who relied on
4250-404: The costliest United States hurricane on record, later tied by Hurricane Harvey in 2017. Across the region, about 2.7 million people lost power due to Katrina. Overall, Hurricane Katrina killed 14 people in Florida, of which 6 were directly related to the storm. Downed trees killed three people in Broward County. Three people drowned in Miami-Dade County, two of whom on boats. Six of
4335-499: The county that do not have their own local law enforcement. These communities are known as Census-Designated Places, or CDPs. School districts in the county include: The Jackson County School District serves the Hurley, Wade, Big Point, Three Rivers, Harleston, Vestry, Latimer, and Vancleave communities, along with St. Martin and a small portion of Escatawpa . The Pascagoula-Gautier School District serves Pascagoula and most of
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#17327824105334420-532: The effects as "almost total destruction... along the immediate coast in Hancock and Harrison [counties]." Insured damage reached $ 9.8 billion statewide. The high waters washed away thousands of buildings in coastal counties, with floodwaters reaching as far inland as I-10 . The tides swept barges and boats onto the I-10 bridge over the Pascagoula River , damaging the eastbound bridge. The waves also destroyed
4505-515: The extent of the devastation in Mississippi was still described as "staggering" in USA Today on February 16, 2006: "The Mississippi Gulf Coast has been devastated. The extent of the devastation in Mississippi is also staggering. Since Katrina hit, more than half a million people in Mississippi have applied for assistance from FEMA . In a state of just 2.9 million residents, that means more than one in six Mississippians have sought help. In
4590-419: The eye of Katrina began traveling up the entire state, only slowing from hurricane-force winds at Meridian near 7 p.m. and entering Tennessee as a tropical storm. Many coastal towns of Mississippi (and Louisiana) had already been obliterated, in a single night. Hurricane-force winds reached coastal Mississippi by 2 a.m. and lasted over 17 hours, spawning 11 tornadoes (51 in other states ) and
4675-449: The first ever mandatory evacuation of the city, calling Katrina, "a storm that most of us have long feared" and also saying it was "a once-in-a-lifetime event". To speed up the evacuations, authorities used contraflow lane reversal on Interstate 10 leading west of New Orleans, as well as on Interstate 55 and 59 leading north from the city. The city government also established a "refuge of last resort" for citizens who could not leave
4760-521: The highest, in the documented history of the United States; large portions of Hancock County , Harrison County , and Jackson County were inundated by the storm surge, affecting most of the populated areas. Surge covered almost the entire lower half of Hancock County, destroying the coastal communities of Clermont Harbor and Waveland , and much of Bay St. Louis , and flowed up the Jourdan River, flooding Kiln . In Harrison County, Pass Christian
4845-481: The hurricane dropped light rainfall, ranging from 2 to 4 in (51 to 102 mm). Train and bus service was disrupted in the Miami area. Widespread flooding affected crop nurseries and greenhouses, and crop damage totaled $ 423 million. The storm's outer rainbands spawned an F2 tornado in Marathon on August 26, which damaged an airport hangar and several homes. This was one of only six F2 tornadoes in
4930-599: The indirect deaths were in South Florida, of which three were from carbon monoxide poisoning caused by generators, one was due to a vehicle accident, one occurred during debris cleanup, and one was associated with a lack of electricity. At least five people were injured due to carbon monoxide poisoning. Overall damage totaled $ 623 million (2005 USD). Statewide, the hurricane left more than 194,000 people without power. While moving across Florida, Katrina had an asymmetric area of thunderstorms, which placed
5015-467: The instrument failed. the highest official wind gust was 98 mph (157 km/h), recorded at Keesler Air Force Base in Biloxi . An unofficial station in Poplarville recorded wind gusts to 135 mph (217 km/h). The hurricane also produced 11 tornadoes in the state. While moving ashore, Katrina produced a storm surge along the coast that reached 12 mi (19 km) inland, with
5100-413: The intensity and power of the storm. Not only were the forecasts made by the NHC accurate, but they were also timely, which allowed for workforce management operation members to in turn provide accurate information to their counterparts. As well as the accuracy and timeliness of the NHC's forecast, it was precisely expected that Hurricane Katrina would be a massive hurricane that caused detrimental effects to
5185-415: The levee system of New Orleans to fail and leave the city underwater. Many emergency officials were stunned by the lack of response to Hurricane Pam's simulation, expressing their concerns that if a disaster like this did occur, the effects would be catastrophic. It was indeed confirmed that Pam's disaster plan was seen by FEMA and Louisiana state officials, to no avail. Under Hurricane Pam's disaster plan, it
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#17327824105335270-400: The northern Gulf coast. By August 26, the possibility of unprecedented cataclysm was already being considered. Some computer models were putting the city of New Orleans right in the center of their track probabilities, and the chances of a direct hit were forecast at 17% (with strike probability rising to 29% by August 28). This scenario was considered a potential catastrophe because 80% of
5355-644: The preceding 2004 season, Florida was affected by four hurricanes, including hurricanes Frances and Jeanne which hit Martin County and caused billions in damage. In July 2005, hurricanes Cindy and Dennis hit the northern gulf coast, the latter as a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale . The origins of Katrina were from a tropical depression that formed over the Bahamas on August 23. Moving generally westward, it intensified into
5440-516: The progress of the hurricane. Also on August 25, when Hurricane Katrina crossed the southern tip of Florida , government offices in Mississippi had already discussed emergency evacuation plans for days. On August 26, the Mississippi National Guard was activated, raising the level of concern, and on August 27, the state government activated its Emergency Operations Center, and local governments began issuing evacuation orders:
5525-596: The region. Officials closed the Miami International Airport , Fort Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airport , Key West International Airport , and Florida Keys Marathon Airport due to the storm. In Monroe and Collier counties, schools were closed, and a shelter was opened in Immokalee . On August 25, Florida's Emergency Operations Center was activated in Tallahassee to monitor
5610-401: The same bus companies and ambulance services for evacuation were unable to evacuate their charges. Fuel and rental cars were in short supply and many forms of public transportation had been shut down well before the storm arrived. The result was that hundreds of thousands of residents and tourists were unable to evacuate and remained in the city. Nonetheless, some estimates claimed that 90-92% of
5695-943: The southbound City of New Orleans passenger trains from Chicago , from August 29 through September 3, would terminate in Memphis, Tennessee , rather than their usual destination of New Orleans. The corresponding northbound trains would also originate in Memphis. The southbound Crescent from New York City, for the same period, terminated in Atlanta , with the corresponding northbound trains originating in Atlanta as well. Amtrak's westbound Sunset Limited originated in San Antonio, Texas , rather than its normal origin point of Orlando, Florida . Amtrak announced that no alternate transportation options would be made available into or out of
5780-546: The southeastern United States, Hurricane Katrina contributed to 1,392 fatalities, making it the deadliest hurricanes in the United States since the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane . Most of the deaths were in Louisiana or Mississippi, caused by flooding. However, there were hundreds of indirect deaths, such as related to cardiovascular issues or traffic accidents. Katrina caused significant damage where it moved ashore, with monetary damage estimated at $ 125 billion, making it
5865-1185: The state without power; this represented 64% of electric customers in the state, and 97% of the Jackson metropolitan area . Power outages lasted as long as four weeks. Mississippi Power CEO described the hurricane as "the worst catastrophe in our company’s history". The hurricane also caused significant damage to agriculture industries, estimated at $ 1.5 billion. The winds destroyed 300 chicken houses and damaging another 2,400, with poultry losses estimated at over $ 100 million. Crops sustained another $ 100 million in damage, including cotton, corn, rice, and soybean. Power outages and damaged levees led to $ 100 million in damage to catfish industries. The hurricane also killed livestock and nursery plants. As buildings collapsed, water-tight appliances floated, sending refrigerators and dishwashers to ram other buildings and block streets. Millions of homes and buildings were affected, along with ships, boats, and more than 40 offshore oil rigs. Roadways and railways were put out of service by excessive amounts of debris and occasional collapse. Costs of debris removal in
5950-601: The storm affected the southern portion of the state and in the panhandle . While it was crossing the state, the hurricane's convection was asymmetrical, primarily located to the south and east of the center. As a result, high rainfall totals occurred in the Miami area, peaking at 16.43 in (417 mm) in Perrine . The rains caused flooding, and the combination of rains and winds downed trees and power lines, leaving 1.45 million people without power. Damage in South Florida
6035-459: The storm passed to its north, the city reported a storm surge of about 2 ft (0.61 m). After its final landfall, Katrina produced a storm surge of about 5.37 ft (1.64 m) in Pensacola . The heavy rainfall flooded neighborhoods in the area, damaging over 100 houses. The storm left about 1.4 million people without power in Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade counties. In Broward County north of Katrina's first landfall,
6120-417: The strongest winds and rainfall over Miami-Dade County. The highest precipitation total related to hurricane in the United States was 16.43 in (417 mm) in Perrine , or about halfway between Miami and Homestead . Of the total, 15.10 in (384 mm) fell in 24 hours. During its passage, the eye of the hurricane moved directly over the office of the National Hurricane Center, which reported
6205-514: The surge and waves, Katrina also produced heavy rainfall along its track. Rainfall in the state reached 9.84 in (250 mm) in Hancock County . Statewide, Katrina directly caused at least 228 fatalities, 172 of them directly, mostly due to the storm surge along the Mississippi coastline. The combination of powerful waves and storm surge eroded beaches and washed away entire coastal towns. The National Weather Service described
6290-528: The time, the second most power outages for a storm in Alabama history behind only Hurricane Ivan . Hurricane Katrina made its final landfall near the Louisiana/Mississippi border, with estimated sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h). Anemometers failed during the storm, leading to an incomplete wind observation record. Wind gusts reached 110 mph (180 km/h) in Laurel before
6375-545: The wide river estuary , with the combined surge and freshwater floods cutting the county in half. Over 90% of Pascagoula , the easternmost coastal city in Mississippi, was flooded from surge. Other Jackson County communities such as Porteaux Bay were destroyed, and St. Martin was hard hit, along with Ocean Springs , Moss Point , Gautier , and Escatawpa . Two destroyers that were under construction at Litton-Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula were damaged, as well as
6460-556: Was also issued from Florida Key, southward through the Florida Keys to the Dry Tortugas , and northward along the western coast to Longboat Key . The warning in the Florida Keys occurred only nine hours before the onset of tropical storm force winds. On August 25 while Katrina was over Florida, Governor Jeb Bush declared a state of emergency. A day later, Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco followed suit and declared
6545-482: Was completely inundated, along with a narrow strip of land to the east along the coast, which includes the cities of Long Beach and Gulfport ; the flooding was more extensive in communities such as D'Iberville , which borders the Back Bay of Biloxi. Biloxi, on a peninsula between the Back Bay and the coast, was particularly hard hit, especially the low-lying Point Cadet area. In Jackson County, storm surge flowed up
6630-436: Was decided that preparations for the hurricane should have been happening for three days prior to the hurricane's arrival on land. In New Orleans, a mandatory evacuation was not ordered by the city until approximately 20 hours before Hurricane Katrina made landfall. On top of this, it was important that officials representing FEMA had critical resources ready to go before the storm hit the city, which they failed to do so. While it
6715-471: Was dislodged, sending it down the river where it struck the Cochrane Bridge. Another offshore oil rig washed up on the beaches of Dauphin Island. Part of Battleship Parkway , or "The Causeway", which connects parts of Mobile Bay together, collapsed, causing a temporary closure. The strong winds knocked down trees and power lines. Over 656,000 customers in Alabama lost power, causing it to have, at
6800-555: Was estimated along the panhandle at $ 100 million. Throughout the state, the hurricane killed 14 people, of which 6 were directly related to the storm's effects. Due to damage from Katrina, 11 Florida counties were declared federal disaster areas. Hurricane Katrina 's winds and storm surge reached the Mississippi coastline on the morning of August 29, 2005, beginning a two-day path of destruction through central Mississippi; by 10 a.m. CDT on August 29, 2005,
6885-500: Was estimated at $ 523 million (2005 USD ), mostly as a result of crop damage. Further south, the hurricane spawned a tornado in the Florida Keys . In the island chain, Katrina caused heavy rainfall and gusty winds. The storm produced a 5.37 ft (1.64 m) storm surge in Pensacola along the panhandle. High waves caused beach erosion and closed nearby roadways. There were five tornadoes in northwestern Florida. Damage
6970-426: Was flooded or destroyed in one day, by the strong hurricane-force winds which lasted several hours and a storm surge exceeding 20 feet (6.1 m) in some sections. In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, Burlington, Vermont became the sister city of Moss Point and provided much-needed aid to the city. Jackson County, Mississippi Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi . As of
7055-557: Was recognized by both the NHC and HPC on August 22. After waiting a few days to monitor development, the HPC started formulating precipitation statements for Hurricane Katrina on August 24. on August 30, the HPC accepted responsibility for the release of warnings regarding Katrina. On August 31, the hurricane system was consumed by a system near the Great Lakes of the east, so the HPC terminated their advisories for Katrina. The NHC and HPC are essential to one another, especially in that
7140-695: Was small, estimated at 2 ft (0.61 m). Consequentially, there was minor beach erosion and isolated coastal flooding . Katrina weakened into a tropical storm while moving across Monroe County . Tides reached 3 to 5 ft (0.91 to 1.52 m) in mainland Monroe County, which flooded several houses and vehicles in Flamingo in Everglades National Park . Most of the Florida Keys reported tropical storm-force winds. A station on Key West reported sustained winds of 61 mph (98 km/h), with gusts to 74 mph (119 km/h). While
7225-566: Was still recovering from Hurricane Dennis when Katrina moved ashore. In St. Marks , the surge flooded several businesses, and in Walton County, high tides flooded several roads, including portions of U.S. Highways 98 and 331 . The storm caused moderate to severe beach erosion along the gulf coast, and washed sand onto many coastal roads. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at 56 mph (90 km/h) in Pensacola, with gusts to 71 mph (114 km/h). High winds briefly closed
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