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44-635: The collection dates back to 1955, when Robert and Signe McMichael began to collect works from artists associated to the Group of Seven, exhibiting their works at their home in Kleinburg. In 1965, the McMichaels formally reached an agreement to donate their collection and their Kleinburg property to the Government of Ontario in order to establish an art museum. The institution was opened to the public as

88-580: A floodplain for the area. The landscape itself was partially crafted by the McMichaels, and later the Government of Ontario, to help complement the museum's collection; with the McMichaels planting over 500 cedar trees in the area to help recreate the landscapes typically painted by the Group of Seven. Buildings located on the grounds include the museum's main building, the Meeting House, Pine Cottage, and Tom Thomson's studio. Pine Cottage houses

132-472: A floor-to-glass ceiling windows that provide a view of the Humber River Valley. The main building includes 14 viewing halls, a gift shop, and a restaurant. The Western Canada Gallery in the main building contains a forty-foot-long cedar bench, and red cedar arches, both of which contains images carved by Doug Cranmer . However, the main building does not contain a large loading dock, preventing

176-681: A number of specialized collections. The Arthur Lismer Collection was bequeathed to the museum by Lismer, and contains a number of documents and works from the 1890s to the late 1960s. The Lismer collection includes over 900 drawings, cartoons and sketches; 1300 original photographs; documents published by Lismer, as well as books. The Norman Hallendy Archives was completed in 2015 contains over 12,000 photographs by Hallendy, as well as audio and video recordings, maps, books, and research files on Inuit culture in southwest Baffin Island . The archives also houses over 100,000 drawings, prints, and sculptures from

220-469: A part of the agreement, the McMichaels would maintain a degree of curatorial control, occupy two of the five seats in the museum's Board of Trustees, and permission to continue inhabiting the property, and be buried there. The McMichaels continued to reside on the property until museum operations made it no longer possible; with the Government of Ontario providing them a home in Caledon . In the months after

264-568: A part of the government themselves. BPS organizations are also subject to legislation and directives. Public servants who are paid $ 100,000 or more are subject to the Public Sector Salary Disclosure Act. This list is colloquially known as the sunshine list . Court of Appeal for Ontario The Court of Appeal for Ontario (frequently mistakenly referred to as the Ontario Court of Appeal ) ( ONCA

308-810: Is the abbreviation for its neutral citation) is the appellate court for the province of Ontario , Canada . The seat of the court is Osgoode Hall in downtown Toronto (also the seat of the Law Society of Ontario and the Divisional Court of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice ). The Court is composed of 22 judicial seats, in addition to 10 justices who currently sit supernumerary. They hear over 1,500 appeals each year, on issues of private law , constitutional law , criminal law , administrative law and other matters. The Supreme Court of Canada hears appeals from less than 3% of

352-734: Is the body responsible for the administration of the Canadian province of Ontario . The term Government of Ontario refers specifically to the executive—political ministers of the Crown (the Cabinet/Executive Council), appointed on the advice of the premier, and the non-partisan Ontario Public Service (whom the Executive Council directs), who staff ministries and agencies to deliver government policies, programs, and services—which corporately brands itself as

396-751: The 2018 election ; the 26th since Confederation . The Government of Ontario employs 63,000+ public servants in its non-partisan workforce called the Ontario Public Service (OPS). The OPS helps the government design and deliver policies and programs. The head of the OPS is the Secretary of Cabinet and each ministry in the OPS has a Deputy Minister. The OPS public servants work in areas like administration, communications, data analytics, finance, information technology, law, policy, program development, service delivery, science and research. Over 80% of

440-525: The Court of Appeal for Ontario in 1997; and the Supreme Court of Canada dismissing an appeal to that ruling in 1998. Failing to assert the original agreement through judicial means, the McMichaels successfully lobbied Member of Provincial Parliament Helen Johns to introduce a bill that would reassert it. on 2 November 2000, Bill 112 received Royal Assent, amending the museum's mandate to better reflect

484-704: The Government of Ontario , or more formally, His Majesty's Government of Ontario ( French : Gouvernement de l’Ontario de Sa Majesté ). King  Charles III , as monarch of Canada is also the King in Right of Ontario. As a Commonwealth realm, the Canadian monarch is shared with 14 other independent countries within the Commonwealth of Nations . Within Canada, the monarch exercises power individually on behalf of

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528-551: The McMichael Canadian Art Collection Act received Royal Assent . In 1981, the museum's Board of Governors formally requested the province to amend the institution's governing act, so it is governed only by the 1972 act, and not by the 1965 agreement as well. The following dispute led to Robert McMichael's resignation as the museum's director, and an amendment to the Act in 1982 that named McMichael as

572-660: The McMichael Conservation Collection of Art in 1966. The museum was formally incorporated into the McMichael Canadian Art Collection in 1972. Although the museum was originally established with an institutional focus on the Group of Seven, the museum's mandate was later expanded to include contemporary Canadian art, and art from indigenous Canadians . The museum's permanent collection includes over 6,500 works by Canadian artists. In addition to its permanent collections,

616-718: The West Baffin Eskimo Co-operative Ltd. , an artist collective based in Cape Dorset , Nunavut . The collective's works were moved to the McMichael's archive on a long-term loan in 1992, after a fire destroyed the collective's studio building The museum has digitized works produced by the collective from approximately 1959 to 1988. Government of Ontario Official Opposition [REDACTED] Canada portal The Government of Ontario ( French : Gouvernement de l'Ontario )

660-532: The federal government , and the 10 provinces. The powers of the Crown are vested in the monarch and are exercised by the lieutenant governor. The advice of the premier and Executive Council is typically binding; the Constitution Act, 1867 requires executive power to be exercised only "by and with the Advice of the Executive Council". The lieutenant governor is appointed by the governor general , on

704-402: The Group of Seven, it has since expanded to include other Canadian artists, including indigenous Canadians. As of 2011, the museum's mandate is to acquire and preserve works for the collection, by artists who have made a contribution to the development of Canadian art, with a focus on the Group of Seven and their contemporaries and on the indigenous Canadians. In addition to artists associated with

748-566: The Group of Seven, the museum's permanent collection also contains works from Cornelius Krieghoff , David Milne , and Robert Pilot . In November 2014, the museum was bequeathed 50 paintings from artists based in Quebec . French Canadian artists whose works are in the McMichael's permanent collection include Paul-Émile Borduas , Marc-Aurèle de Foy Suzor-Coté , Marc-Aurèle Fortin , Clarence Gagnon , Rita Letendre , Jean Paul Lemieux , and Jean-Paul Riopelle . The museum's contemporary collection

792-532: The Group of Seven. The 2011 amendment to the governing act of the museum also removed the art advisory committee, and restrictions to the museum's exhibition mandate. The McMichael Canadian Art Collection is situated in Kleinburg, an unincorporated village in Vaughan , Ontario. The grounds of the museum are on a 40-hectare (100-acre) conservation area in the Humber River Valley, which also serves as

836-402: The McMichael cemetery, including A. J. Casson , Lawren Harris , A. Y. Jackson , Frank Johnston , Arthur Lismer , and Frederick Varley . The museum's main building was designed by Ontario-based architect, Leo Venchiarutti, and was completed in 1954. The museum's main building was expanded several times in 1963, 1967, 1969, and 1972, From 1981 to 1983, the museum's main building was closed to

880-567: The OPS workforce is unionized, which includes the Ontario Public Service Employees Union and the Association of Management, Administrative and Professional Crown Employees of Ontario . The Government of Ontario is not the same as Broader Public Sector ( BPS ) organizations. While both provide goods and services to Ontarians, BPS organizations receive funding from the Government of Ontario, but are not

924-505: The activities of the Lieutenant Governor-in-Council . The day-to-day operation and activities of the Government of Ontario are performed by the provincial departments and agencies, staffed by the non-partisan Ontario Public Service and directed by the elected government. The premier of Ontario is the first minister of the Crown . The premier acts as the head of government for the province, chairs and selects

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968-400: The advice of the prime minister of Canada . Thus, it is typically the lieutenant governor whom the premier and ministers advise, exercising much of the royal prerogative and granting royal assent . While the advice of the premier and Executive Council is typically binding on the lieutenant governor, there are occasions when the lieutenant governor has refused advice. This usually occurs if

1012-501: The agreement was made, work was undertaken to re-purpose the property into an art museum, and prepare the exhibits for its collection. The property was formally opened to the public on 8 July 1966 as the McMichael Conservation Collection of Art. Robert McMichael served as the museum's first director, holding the position until resigning in 1981. In 1968, Group of Seven member A. Y. Jackson suggested that

1056-685: The decisions of the Court of Appeal for Ontario, therefore in a practical sense, the Court of Appeal is the last avenue of appeal for most litigants in Ontario. Among the Court of Appeal's most notable decisions was the 2003 ruling in Halpern v Canada (AG) that found defining marriage as between one man and one woman to violate Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms , legalizing same-sex marriage in Ontario and making Canada

1100-473: The first jurisdiction in the world where same-sex marriage was legalized by a court ruling. Among many judges from the Court who have been elevated to the Supreme Court of Canada are Justices Rosalie Abella , Louise Arbour , Peter Cory , Louise Charron , Andromache Karakatsanis , Bora Laskin , Michael Moldaver , and Mahmud Jamal , as well as Bertha Wilson , who was the first female justice on both

1144-402: The institution from exhibiting large-scale installation artworks in the building. The McMichael Canadian Art Collection is one of the only art museums whose permanent collection contains works exclusively by Canadian artists. The permanent collection originates from the personal collection started by Robert and Signe McMichael in 1955; who later donated it to the province of Ontario in 1965. At

1188-515: The institution is also the custodian for the archives of works on paper by Inuit artists based in Kinngait . The museum organizes and hosts a number of travelling art exhibitions , typically focused on Canadian art . In 1951 Robert and Signe McMichael purchased a 10-acre (4.0-hectare) plot of land in Kleinburg , Ontario . A home was subsequently built in 1954, with the McMichaels moving into

1232-400: The institution's art studio . In addition to the structures, the grounds also contains a number of walking trails, a sculpture garden, and the McMichael cemetery. The Ivan Eyre Sculpture Garden, and cemetery is located west of the buildings, with the sculpture garden exhibiting works from its permanent collection, and works on loan to the museum. Six members of the Group of Seven are interred at

1276-537: The institution's "Founder, Director-Emeritus," and elevated the importance of indigenous Canadian works in its collection. In the 1990s, the Robert McMichael challenged the Board and the province that it had deviated from its original mandate agreed upon. In McMichael v. Ontario , the court originally ruled that changes to the museum's mandate should not have been permitted. The decision was later overturned in

1320-537: The lieutenant governor after either a motion of no confidence or defeat in a general election . In Canada, the Cabinet (French: Conseil des ministres , lit.   'council of ministers') of provincial and territorial governments are known as an Executive Council ( French : Conseil exécutif ). The premier of Ontario is Doug Ford of the Progressive Conservatives since

1364-525: The membership of the Cabinet , and advises the Crown on the exercise of executive power and much of the royal prerogative . As premiers hold office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the elected Legislative Assembly , they typically sit as a MPP and lead the largest party or a coalition in the Assembly. Once sworn in, the premier holds office until their resignation or removal by

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1408-433: The museum establishing its first First Nations curator-in-residence in 1994. In 2000, the museum's mandate was amended again, reverting the museum's focus to the Group of Seven and their contemporaries; resulting in the removal of most indigenous Canadian works from the museum's exhibits. Indigenous Canadian works in the collection remained in storage from 2000 to 2004, when works by indigenous Canadian artists were exhibited in

1452-400: The museum serve as the burial ground for himself, and other members of the group. The proposal was later accepted by the museum, with a cemetery for Group of Seven members prepared on the property of the museum. Shortly before his death, Jackson spent a significant portion of his time painting on the property, and serving as the institution's artist-in-residence . In 1969, the museum's mandate

1496-435: The museum's viewing spaces again. Indigenous Canadian art was reintroduced into the museum's mandate following an amendment to the institution's governing act in 2011. The museum is also home to a library and archives whose holdings include artist files, books, exhibition catalogues, letters, periodicals, and photographs. The museum's holdings specializes in the Group of Seven and indigenous Canadian art. The archives includes

1540-538: The original mandate of showcasing Canadian landscape art, particularly works by the Group of Seven. After proposals were submitted by the museum's Board of Directors, and the Fenwick family, the closest living relatives to the deceased McMichaels, Bill 118 received Royal Assent in June 2011, expanding the museum's mandate to include contemporary Canadian, and indigenous Canadian artists, in addition to artists associated with

1584-411: The permanent collection were works by indigenous Canadian artists. A number of indigenous artworks in the museum's collection was acquired between 1982 and 2000, when the museum's mandate was amended to include indigenous Canadian art into its definition of "Canadian cultural heritage". The museum's collection of works by indigenous Canadian was expanded to include contemporary artworks in the 1990s, with

1628-413: The premier does not clearly command the confidence of the elected Legislative Assembly. The executive power is vested in the Crown and exercised "in-Council", meaning on the advice of the Executive Council; conventionally, this is the Cabinet, which is chaired by the premier and comprises ministers of the Crown . The term Government of Ontario , or more formally, His Majesty's Government refers to

1672-723: The property. The McMichaels began acquiring works by artists of the Group of Seven for their personal collection, with the first being a painting by Tom Thomson , acquired for C$ 250 in 1955. In 1962, the McMichaels acquired Tom Thomson's studio situated outside the Studio Building in Toronto , and relocated it to their property to begin restorations on it. By 1965, the McMichaels' personal collection contained 194 paintings either purchased or donated to them. The McMichaels began exhibiting their works on their Kleinburg property during

1716-454: The public for a C$ 10.4 million renovation; no major work has been done to the building since. The main building is approximately 7,900 square metres (85,000 sq ft). The main building was initially named Tapawingo , allegedly meaning place of joy in either Haida or Ojibwe language . The building has log and barn-board walls, and field-stone fireplaces in an effort to recreate the "atmosphere" of Canadian landscape art; in addition to

1760-404: The time the McMichaels donated their collection, it contained 187 works. The museum has since expanded this collection to include 6,500 works as of December 2017. The museum's permanent collection is organized into four collection areas, contemporary art , First Nations art, the Group of Seven, and Inuit art. Although the museum's original mandate placed a focus on Canadian landscape art, and

1804-402: The weekends, although growing number of visitors led the McMichaels to consider establishing a public a "shrine" dedicated to the Group of Seven. On 18 November 1965, the McMichaels and the Government of Ontario reached an agreement, where the McMichaels would donate the collection, and the property to the government, who would maintain the grounds, and maintain the "spirit of the collection". As

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1848-453: Was amended to expand the scope of the museum's collection and scope to include works of similar nature that reflect the "cultural heritage of Canada"; with approval from Robert McMichael, and the Premier of Ontario , John Robarts . An increase in attendance rates, and its collection led to the institution being formally incorporated as a Crown corporation of Ontario on 30 November 1972, when

1892-504: Was formally started in 2011, when the museum's mandate was expanded to include contemporary art, although a number of works in the contemporary collection area were acquired by the institution prior to 2011. Canadian artists featured in the contemporary art collection includes Jack Bush , Colleen Heslin , Sarah Anne Johnson , Terence Koh , and Mary Pratt . The museum also exhibits a number of sculptures within its outdoor sculpture garden, including nine sculptures by Ivan Eyre . The museum

1936-415: Was one of the first art museums to include works by indigenous Canadian in its collection. In 1957, the McMichaels purchased their first work by a Haida artist, Bill Reid . The McMichaels' personal collection of Inuit stone carvings, and West Coast First Nations wood carvings, masks, and totem poles were donated to the province as a part of the 1965 agreement. By 1981, approximately 42 per cent of works in

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