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Meadow Springs, Western Australia

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70-401: Meadow Springs is a suburb of Mandurah , immediately northeast of Mandurah's central area. Alongside some of Mandurah's most recent land estates, it contains a large golf course, Catholic primary school, Anglican co-educational school, and a war veterans' estate. There are many parks and walking trails near the lake. The upcoming train station will provide convenient public transport, eliminating

140-544: A longboat and two cutters up the coast to sound the entrance and examine Cook's Port Jackson. Phillip first stayed overnight at Camp Cove , just inside the South Head, then moved up the harbour, landing at Sydney Cove and then Manly Cove, before returning to Botany Bay on the afternoon of 24 January. Phillip returned to Sydney Cove in HM Armed Tender Supply on 26 January 1788, where he established

210-479: A government school opened in 2012; it has an education support centre for students with intellectual disability or autism . It currently has a student population of over 900. Mandurah, Western Australia Mandurah ( / ˈ m æ n dʒ ər ə / ) is a coastal city in the Australian state of Western Australia , situated approximately 72 kilometres (45 mi) south of the state capital, Perth . It

280-608: A great deal of work focused on habitat restoration and restoring the biodiversity of the harbour, including a major program called the Sydney Harbour Research Program around 2012, led by Emma Johnston . Project Restore is an ongoing large-scale project by SIMS and its partner universities that aims to restore different habitat types at the same time, to restore seascapes in Sydney Harbour. It encompasses four projects already under way, including

350-577: A mining boom in nearby Jarrahdale (1963) and Wagerup (1984), with the associated industrial boom in Pinjarra (1963), combined with an idyllic lifestyle by the coast, saw Mandurah grow rapidly, and on 1 July 1987 it became the Town of Mandurah. Three years later, on 14 April 1990, Mandurah became the fifth non-metropolitan settlement in Western Australia to be named a city . According to

420-822: A much larger fleet than would probably ever seek for shelter or security in it." Royal Navy officer David Blackburn also described it as a "fine Harbour as Any in the World, with water for any Number of the Largest ships." The Great White Fleet , the United States Navy battle fleet, arrived in Port Jackson in August 1908 by order of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt . From 1938, seaplanes landed in Sydney Harbour on Rose Bay , making this Sydney's first international airport. In 1942, to protect Sydney Harbour from

490-642: A service to or from private wharfs and houses on the waterfront. Sightseeing harbour cruises are operated daily from Circular Quay. Whale watching excursions are also operated from Port Jackson. The Mortlake Ferry , also known as the Putney Punt, crosses the Parramatta River, connecting Mortlake and Putney. Australian National Maritime Museum , at Darling Harbour , has themed exhibitions ranging from Indigenous lore and European seafaring to aquatic sport and maritime defence. Sydney Heritage Fleet

560-471: A small island located north-east of the Royal Botanic Garden in Sydney Harbour. There are fortifications at Sydney Heads and elsewhere, some of which are now heritage listed. The earliest date from the 1830s, and were designed to defend Sydney from seaborn attack or convict uprisings. There are four historical fortifications located between Taronga Zoo and Middle Head, Mosman , they are:

630-746: A small settlement named Clarence south of the Swan River Colony at what is known today as Woodman Point . Facing many problems with the settlement and his own ill-health, Peel led the remaining Clarence settlers to the area known today as Mandurah. Soon after, other settlers also took up land in Mandurah including the families Hall (whose cottage at Halls Head is one of the region's most notable heritage places), Tuckey and Eacott. The census of 1837 records only 12 settlers at Mandurah, probably representing only 3 households. Thomas Peel died in 1865 but Mandurah continued to grow, albeit very slowly, over

700-479: A submarine attack, the Sydney Harbour anti-submarine boom net was constructed. It spanned the harbour from Green (Laings) Point, Watsons Bay to the battery at Georges Head , on the other side of the harbour. On the night of 31 May 1942, three Japanese midget submarines entered the harbour, one of which became entangled in the western end of the boom net's central section. Unable to free their submarine,

770-570: A travel time of approximately 50 minutes. Public transport within Mandurah is provided by Transperth , due to its proximity to Perth itself, with eleven bus routes servicing the city. Mandurah is also a stop on Transwa bus services between Perth and the South West . The Mandurah Estuary Bridge was constructed between 1981 and 1986, and was the first incrementally-launched box girder bridge in Australia. The Dawesville Channel (also known as

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840-694: Is Sydney's last remaining deepwater port able to supply the City's ongoing demand for dry bulk goods such as sugar, gypsum and cement. Most of Sydney's port infrastructure has moved south to Botany Bay since the construction of the first container terminals there in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Former: Current: Sydney Ferries operate services from Circular Quay to Cockatoo Island , Double Bay , Manly , Mosman , Neutral Bay , Parramatta , Pyrmont Bay , Taronga Zoo and Watsons Bay . Water taxi and water limousine operators offer transport not restricted by timetables or specific routes, and can also provide

910-572: Is a drowned river valley, or ria . It is 19 km long with an area of 55 km . The estuary's volume at high tide is 562 million cubic metres. The perimeter of the estuary is 317 kilometres. According to the Geographical Names Board of New South Wales , Port Jackson is "a harbour which comprises all the waters within an imaginary line joining North Head and South Head. Within this harbour lies North Harbour, Middle Harbour and Sydney Harbour." Port Jackson extends westward from

980-563: Is a largely volunteer organisation dedicated to the restoration and operation of heritage vessels. The barque James Craig of the SHF sails regularly from Port Jackson. RAN Heritage Centre at Garden Island has many exhibits, artefacts and documents relating to the history of the Royal Australian Navy. Port Jackson is associated with the voyages of Richard Siddins . The Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS) has done

1050-583: Is a private, tree lined course; Meadow Springs is a public course inhabited by kangaroos; and Secret Harbour is a public links course near the beach. A photograph of Mandurah taken in 1961 adorns the cover of the 1986 album Born Sandy Devotional by The Triffids . Electro pop duo Tim and Jean hail from Mandurah. Mandurah was featured in the 1986 film Windrider , starring Nicole Kidman . [REDACTED] Media related to Mandurah, Western Australia at Wikimedia Commons Port Jackson Port Jackson , commonly known as Sydney Harbour , consists of

1120-582: Is approximately twice the size of Sydney Harbour . The city lies in and around this freshwater system which in turn feeds into the Indian Ocean. The city and its suburbs have many kilometres of ocean coastline most of which is sandy beaches. Mandurah also has a number of suburbs built around artificially created canal systems that extend from the Peel Inlet, such as Halls Head , Dudley Park and Wannanup . In terms of geology, much of Mandurah lies on

1190-621: Is at the centre of a water recycling project known as the Halls Head Indirect Water Reuse Project . Based in Mandurah, it has been awarded the Western Australian Water Corporation Award for Water Treatment and Recycling in 2009. An aquifer is used to filter the area's sewage water providing safe, quality irrigation water for local parks, gardens and ovals. Mandurah is also linked to Perth's water supply. Mandurah

1260-933: Is bridged from north to south by the Sydney Harbour Bridge , the Gladesville Bridge , the Ryde Bridge , and the Silverwater Bridge . Other bridges spanning Port Jackson waterways are Pyrmont Bridge spanning Darling Harbour; the Anzac Bridge (formerly known as the Glebe Island Bridge), spanning Blackwattle Bay; the Iron Cove Bridge spanning Iron Cove ; the Spit Bridge spanning Middle Harbour;

1330-679: Is home to modern thrombolites as well as an array of flora and fauna. Mandurah is located in the Swan Coastal Plain ecoregion . The ecoregion contains an array of vegetation, from coastal dune and sandplains to banksia and eucalypt woodlands. Mandurah is covered by shoreline and dune deposits from the Pleistocene and Holocene that overlie Paleozoic and Neogene deposits of the Perth Basin . Coastal dunes feature scrub-heath communities, though banksia low woodlands occur on

1400-931: Is home to the Peel Thunder Football Club in the West Australian Football League , Mandurah City FC in the Football West State League Division 1 , and the Mandurah Magic in the NBL1 West . Greyhound racing is held weekly at the Greyhounds WA Mandurah venue. There are several golf courses in the area including the Mandurah Country Club, Meadow Springs Golf Club, and Secret Harbour. Mandurah

1470-604: Is located at the intersection of Pinjarra and Mandurah Roads, The Bridge Quarter (or The Foreshore) located in the CBD, and Dolphin Quay/Mandurah Ocean Marina built at the intersection of Mandjar Bay and the Peel Inlet. There are also significant retail centres in Meadow Springs , Greenfields , Halls Head and Falcon . Although not a mining settlement, Mandurah has a number of mines within two hours of

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1540-658: Is located in the safe Labor seat of Mandurah held by David Templeman , while southern Mandurah is located in Dawesville , a traditionally safe Liberal seat that was swept up in Labor's landslide of 2021, and is now held by Labor's Lisa Munday . A sliver of eastern Mandurah is located in Murray-Wellington , held by Labor's Robyn Clarke . Despite technically being in a regional area, the National Party vote

1610-642: Is located within a lighthouse just south of Georges Head at Georges Heights in Mosman and is adjacent to the suburbs of Vaucluse , Point Piper and Watsons Bay , which are on Port Jackson's east side towards the Pacific Ocean. Sydney Cove , a bay in Port Jackson's west side that includes Circular Quay , is more proximate to the Observatory Hill weather station, and therefore the climate data below does not apply to that vicinity. Port Jackson

1680-453: Is negligible. Mandurah has a typical Mediterranean climate (Köppen classification Csa ) with hot dry summers and mild wet winters. During summer (December to February), the average maximum temperature is 27 °C (80 °F) with an average minimum temperature of 19 °C (66 °F). At its extreme it can get very hot, often having a couple of days exceed 40 °C (104 °F) in the latter half of summer. In winter (June to August),

1750-473: Is situated on the coastline, causing data recorded to appear warmer during winter nights and cooler in summer days compared to surrounding areas. Mandurah also receives a moderate though highly seasonal rainfall of about 850 mm a year, however recent trends have seen this once reliable rainfall drop significantly. In addition, most of the winter rains are usually accompanied by severe winds and storms capable of causing widespread damage, making Mandurah one of

1820-632: Is sometimes grouped together with Perth for statistical purposes, especially since the extension of the Kwinana Freeway and the completion of the Mandurah railway line in the late 2000s. The two cities now form a conurbation along the Indian Ocean coastline, although the Perth metropolitan area officially ends at Singleton around 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of Mandurah's city centre. Mandurah has grown from isolated holiday communities along

1890-640: Is the state's second most populous city, with a population of 90,306. Mandurah's central business district is located on the Mandurah Estuary, which is an outlet for the Peel Inlet and Harvey Estuary . The city's name is derived from the Noongar word mandjar , meaning "meeting place" or "trading place". A townsite for Mandurah was laid out in 1831, two years after the establishment of the Swan River Colony , but attracted few residents, and until

1960-517: The Endeavour sailed past the entrance at Sydney Heads , Cook wrote in his journal "at noon we were...about 2 or 3 miles from the land and abrest of a bay or harbour within there appeared to be a safe anchorage which I called Port Jackson." Eighteen years later, Port Jackson saw the arrival of the First Fleet . On 21 January 1788, after arriving at Botany Bay , Governor Arthur Phillip took

2030-408: The 2021 census of Population, there were 107,641 people living in Mandurah. Much of Mandurah's economy is based on construction, tourism, professional, scientific and technical services, and retail trade, and to a lesser extent on mining and agriculture. Mandurah is considered the unofficial gateway to the South West and possesses a variety of tourist attractions, most of which are located near

2100-535: The Barangaroo development. White Bay and adjacent Glebe Island have been working ports since the mid-1800s, handling just about everything from timber and paper, coal, sugar and cement to cars and containers. The NSW Government identified both as vital to the City's economy and in March 2013 announced its commitment to maintaining both as working ports as it frees up neighbouring bays for public access. Glebe Island

2170-810: The Dawesville Cut ), a large man-made channel , was opened in April 1994. It was created to allow saline seawater from the Indian Ocean to flush into the Peel Inlet, to deal with the incidence of algal blooms which had plagued the estuary for many years. Mandurah lies at the southern end of the Perth TV licence area, and is close to the regional Western Australia licence area. Local translators provide five digital free to air networks from Perth: ABC , SBS , Seven Perth , Nine and 10 and three networks from southern Western Australia: Seven Regional WA , WIN and West Digital Television . One local newspaper,

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2240-782: The Middle Head Fortifications , the Georges Head Battery , the Lower Georges Heights Commanding Position and a small fort located on Bradleys Head , known as the Bradleys Head Fortification Complex . The forts were built from sandstone quarried on site and consist of various tunnels, underground rooms, open batteries and casemated batteries, shell rooms, gunpowder magazines , barracks and trenches. Geologically, Port Jackson

2310-780: The Parramatta River to Rose Hill belonged to the Wangal. The Eora inhabited Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour), south to the Georges River and west to Parramatta. The first recorded European discovery of Sydney Harbour was by Lieutenant James Cook in 1770. Cook named the inlet after Sir George Jackson , one of the Lords Commissioners of the British Admiralty, and Judge Advocate of the Fleet . As

2380-661: The Roseville Bridge spanning Middle Harbour; the Tarban Creek Bridge spanning Tarban Creek. The original Meadowbank Railway Bridge carried the Main Northern railway line , now reduced to pedestrian traffic only. The replacement John Whitton Bridge carries two railway tracks with piers suitable for four tracks. There is a single track rail bridge on the Carlingford railway line crossing

2450-780: The Sydney Harbour Tunnel passing underneath the Harbour to the east of the bridge was opened in August 1992. In 2005, 2010 and in 2014, the NSW Government proposed a rail tunnel be constructed to the west of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Construction of an extra pair of road tunnels to the west of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, as part of the Sydney Metro project, was approved in January 2017 while

2520-477: The post-war boom of the 1950s and 1960s it was little more than a small fishing village. In subsequent years, Mandurah's reputation for boating and fishing attracted many retirees, including to the canal developments in the city's south. Along with four other local government areas ( Boddington , Murray , Serpentine-Jarrahdale , and Waroona ), the City of Mandurah is included in the wider Peel region . Mandurah

2590-483: The "Living Seawalls" project, which entails covering parts of the harbour seawalls with specially-designed tiles that mimic natural microhabitats - with crevices and other features that more closely resemble natural rocks. Project Restore is partly funded by the NSW Government. Port Jackson has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: A Sydharb is a unit of volume used in Australia for water, especially in dams and harbours. One sydharb (or sydarb), also called

2660-452: The Australian mainland, Port Jackson has continued to play a key role in the history and development of Sydney. Port Jackson, in the early days of the colony, was also used as a shorthand for Sydney and its environs. Thus, many botanists, see, e.g., Robert Brown 's Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen , described their specimens as having been collected at Port Jackson. Many recreational events are based on or around

2730-579: The Harbour tunnelling was completed in March 2020. The Western Harbour Tunnel is planned to offer another motor vehicle tunnel in 2026. Permanent cruise ship terminals are located at the Overseas Passenger Terminal at Circular Quay, Sydney Cove and at the White Bay Cruise Terminal at White Bay . White Bay's evolution to a cruise terminal came with the closure of Darling Harbour terminal to make way for

2800-417: The Parramatta River near Camellia . Bennelong Bridge over Homebush Bay connects Wentworth Point and Rhodes A weir between Queens Avenue and Charles Street, Parramatta, called Charles Street Weir, separates the saltwater and tidal waters to the east from the freshwater and non-tidal waters to the west. The weir is marked right near the western (left) edge of the detailed map above. A road tunnel,

2870-656: The Perth CBD has been strengthened with the opening of the Perth-Mandurah railway line in December 2007 and a direct road connection to the Kwinana Freeway built by late 2010. A housing affordability survey of 227 cities in 2008 ranked it the least affordable city in Australia. The waters of the Peel Inlet and Harvey Estuary (one of Australia's larger inlet systems) form the centre of Mandurah. The estuary

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2940-545: The Ships can Anchor so close to the Shore, that at a very small expence... Port Jackson was described as a "capacious harbour, equal, if not superior to any yet known in the world", that "sheltered anchorage for the ships" and provided "a suitable landing place on rocks on the western side of the cove, relatively level land at the head of the cove , and a run of fresh water", in addition to it being "capable of affording security to

3010-458: The average maximum temperature is 18 °C (64 °F) with an average minimum temperature of 9 °C (48 °F). Mandurah's proximity to the ocean moderates diurnal temperatures somewhat, with temperatures a few kilometres inland often 4 or 5 degrees warmer during summer days (or cooler during winter nights). Frosts are very rare as a result, but do occur annually around areas such as Greenfields . The current weather station opened in 2001 and

3080-586: The city annually and dolphin and whale watching are a popular pastime. In December, the canal areas in Mandurah becomes well known for their Christmas lights and special boat cruises are often promoted as a result. There are two zoos within the outskirts of the city, as well as a miniature village, a tourist railway and a national park. Mandurah is Australia's top tourism town for 2023. Mandurah has year-round seven-day shopping. Mandurah has five distinct shopping areas, including Mandurah Forum, which opened in 1983 and has had major renovations during 2016 to 2018 and

3150-577: The city of Mandurah as Mandurah Road towards Fremantle and Old Coast Road towards Bunbury . Meanwhile, Pinjarra and Gordon/Lakes Roads serve as major east-west corridors for the northern part of the city. The Kwinana Freeway and Forrest Highway also provides a rural bypass for the city. Mandjoogoordap Drive (formerly the Mandurah Entrance Road) also provides a direct link from the Kwinana Freeway. The Mandurah railway line , opened in December 2007, links Mandurah to Perth, with

3220-444: The city were struck by lightning during the storm, which produced 2,300 strikes within 30 kilometres of the city, which was more than what neighbouring Perth receives in an entire year and comparable to the most severe electrical storms for which places in the tropics like Darwin are known. The Noongar (or Bibbulmun) people, who inhabited the southwest of Western Australia, named the area Mandjar ("meeting place"), which became

3290-418: The city. This includes bauxite mining and alumina refining at Pinjarra and Wagerup with the Huntly Mine at Pinjarra the largest in the world. Mandurah is also just one hour away from the Boddington Gold Mine , which has recently become Australia's largest producing gold mine. The Mandurah Crab Fest is held annually on the estuary foreshore on the third weekend in March. Celebrating the region's seafood,

3360-427: The crew detonated charges, killing themselves in the process. A second midget submarine came to grief in Taylor's Bay, the two crew committing suicide. The third submarine fired two torpedoes at USS Chicago (both missed) before leaving the harbour. In November 2006, this submarine was found off Sydney's Northern Beaches. The anti-submarine boom net was demolished soon after World War II , and all that remains are

3430-405: The dune systems which dominate South Western WA's coastline, progressively grading towards the Swan Coastal Plain as one travels inland. The area has infertile soils due to the dunes being rather sandy, having poor water retention qualities. Limestone outcrops are found to the north of the city especially along the Mandurah railway line . Mandurah is the closest city to Yalgorup National Park which

3500-400: The event features food stalls and cooking demonstrations as well as live music and entertainment. It was first held in 1999, succeeding the Kanyana Carnival, which was held annually between 1966 and 1988, with sporadic events held during the 1990s. Every New Year's Eve, there are fireworks and live entertainment and activities throughout the evening through to midnight. Highway 1 bisects

3570-423: The first colony in Australia, later to become the city of Sydney. In his first dispatch from the colony back to England, Governor Phillip noted that: We got into Port Jackson early in the Afternoon, and had the satisfaction of finding the finest Harbour in the World, in which a thousand Sail of the line may ride in the most perfect security...I fixed on the one [cove] that had the best spring of Water, and in which

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3640-424: The foundations of the old boom net winch house, which can be viewed on Green (Laings) Point, Watsons Bay. Today, the Australian War Memorial has on display a composite of the two midget submarines salvaged from Sydney Harbour. The conning tower of one of the midget submarines is on display at the RAN Heritage Centre , Garden Island , Sydney. Fort Denison is a former penal site and defensive facility occupying

3710-427: The harbour itself, particularly Sydney New Year's Eve celebrations. The harbour is also the starting point of the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race . The waterways of Port Jackson are managed by Transport for NSW . Sydney Harbour National Park protects a number of islands and foreshore areas, swimming spots, bushwalking tracks and picnic areas. The harbour is a global hotspot for marine and estuarine diversity. At

3780-451: The harbour, including Shark Island , Clark Island , Fort Denison , Goat Island , Cockatoo Island , Spectacle Island , Snapper Island and Rodd Island . Some other former islands, including Garden Island , Glebe Island and Berry Island , have been linked to the shore by land reclamation, though their names often still contain the word "island". Two other former islands, Bennelong Island and Darling Island, are similarly now linked to

3850-410: The mainland, but rarely mentioned as islands. The former Dawes Island was joined to another small island to create Spectacle Island. Exposed at low tide is Sow and Pigs Reef , a well-known navigation obstacle near the main shipping lane. Port Jackson has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cfa ) with warm, somewhat humid summers and mild to cool winters, with moderate rainfall spread throughout

3920-570: The need to drive into Mandurah to catch a train. Meadow Springs is serviced by Transperth bus routes operated by Transdev WA —the 558 (Mandurah to Rockingham) & 587 (Mandurah to Lakelands), both connecting the suburb to the Mandurah railway line . A future train station is planned at Gordon Road in the Business Industry area of Mandurah in Meadow Springs. Meadow Springs is home to three private schools, Frederick Irwin Anglican School (K-12), Assumption Catholic Primary School (K-6) and Mandurah Baptist College (K-12). Meadow Springs Primary School,

3990-429: The population has grown to the point that they can no longer be eradicated. Mandurah is typically considered a marginal area for the major parties in Australian politics. Northern Mandurah lies in the safe Labor Federal seat of Brand , held by Gary Gray , while southern and central Mandurah lies in the more marginal Canning , held by the Liberal Party 's Andrew Hastie . At state level, northern and central Mandurah

4060-401: The present day name "Mandurah". In December 1829, Thomas Peel arrived in Western Australia from the United Kingdom with workmen, equipment and stores on the ship Gilmore . He had financed the trip in exchange for a grant of land in the Swan River Colony . A term of the grant was that he arrive no later than 1 November 1829, thus his original land grant was forfeited. Undaunted, Peel built

4130-411: The shores of the Peel-Harvey Estuary to a major regional city in just over a decade, in a similar vein to the Gold Coast in Eastern Australia. In recent times, it has formed a conurbation with Perth along the coast; it is only 18 km (11 mi) south of Rockingham , a southern suburb of Perth. Mandurah has also become a popular lifestyle alternative for Perth retirees and its connection with

4200-567: The single entrance known as Sydney Heads (North and South Heads) and encompasses all tidal waters within North Harbour, Middle Harbour , Sydney Harbour, Darling Harbour , Parramatta River and Lane Cove River . The harbour is heavily embayed. The bays on the south side tend to be wide and rounded, whereas those on the north side are generally narrow inlets. Many of these bays include beaches . The Sydney central business district extends from Circular Quay . East to west, north side: East to west, south side There are several islands within

4270-671: The soils of coastal dunes. Progressing inland give way to eucalypt woodlands. Seasonal wetlands (dry in the summer and wet in winter) are the most diverse habitat in the Swan Coastal Plain, which Mandurah has several wetland regions around the Peel Inlet . The wetlands feature several osprey nests, spoonbill and darters . Other fauna includes galah , short-billed black cockatoo , long-billed black cockatoo , and Australian ringneck among others. Australian ringnecks face competition for nesting space from rainbow lorikeet , an introduced species in Western Australia, that has now spread to Mandurah. Despite attempts to eradicate rainbow lorikeets,

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4340-419: The time of the European arrival and colonisation, the land around Port Jackson was inhabited by the Eora clans, including the Gadigal , Cammeraygal , and Wangal . The Gadigal inhabited the land stretching along the south side of Port Jackson from what is now South Head, in an arc west to the present Darling Harbour . The Cammeraygal lived on the northern side of the harbour. The area along the southern banks of

4410-409: The water. It is a major fishing and crabbing area in Western Australia, with the city well known for the blue manna crab ( Portunus pelagicus ) with a festival held in March known as Mandurah Crab Fest. Mandurah is home to WA's largest population of Bottlenose Dolphins ( Tursiops ), currently estimated at 120. Like neighbouring settlements Bunbury and Rockingham dolphins and whales frequent

4480-404: The waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour , North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta Rivers, is the ria or natural harbour of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia . The harbour is an inlet of the Tasman Sea (part of the South Pacific Ocean ). It is the location of the Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge . The location of the first European settlement and colony on

4550-416: The weekly “Mandurah Times” (formerly named “Mandurah Coastal Times) services the city. The Mandurah Mail circulated in the area until 2022 when it became an online-only publication. The Mandurah Mail no longer has local reporters. Mandurah is served by two commercial radio stations, 91.7 The Wave (formerly known as 6MM 1116) and 97.3 Coast FM. Perth radio stations can also be heard in the city. Mandurah

4620-404: The windiest cities in Australia. These conditions are perfect for tornado formation, which Mandurah's climate is remarkable for producing one of the highest densities of tornadoes in the world. Summer storms are rare due to the Mediterranean climate in the city, but not unheard of. Mandurah was affected to a lesser degree than Perth in the 2010 Western Australian storms , but the 2011–12 summer

4690-533: The year. Due to its exposed proximity to the Tasman Sea, it is slightly cooler, wetter and windier than Observatory Hill to the west. In addition to featuring the lowest maximum summer temperatures in the Sydney region (averaging just 24.4 °C (75.9 °F)), Port Jackson is also least affected by extreme heat due to frequent sea breezes . Conversely, winter nights are among the warmest in Sydney, and rarely dip below 8.0 °C (46.4 °F), although fog often occurs and may be disruptive. Port Jackson's weather station

4760-428: The years leading to the 20th century. Fish were abundant, and in 1870 a fish cannery was established at Mandurah. Canning factories sustained the preservation of produce from local fishing and fruit industries. A railway line between Perth and Pinjarra was opened in 1893, which allowed Mandurah to emerge as a tourism hub in the region. The population of the town was 160 (95 males and 65 females) in 1898. Mandurah

4830-446: Was administered under the Murray Road Board until 1949, when the Mandurah Road Board was established. However, dissension within the board during the 1950s saw it suspended and Commissioner Richard Rushton oversaw the town's affairs. On 26 April 1960, the Mandurah Road Board was reconstituted, and on 1 July 1961, in accordance with the Local Government Act 1960, the Shire of Mandurah was founded. Industrial development at Kwinana (1955),

4900-433: Was notable for Mandurah bearing the brunt of three severe thunderstorms. One such storm on 12 December 2011 gave Mandurah almost seven times its monthly average (69.4 mm compared to an average of 15.5 mm), which was eclipsed exactly one year later on 12 December 2012 (74.2 mm). Another storm on 20 January 2012 dumped 57 mm on the city causing power outages and flash flooding. One man and numerous buildings in

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