Misplaced Pages

#407592

49-714: It is a successor to earlier movements, such as the United Middle Belt Congress led by Joseph Tarka . The Middle Belt Forum (MBF) is a regional socio-political group in Nigeria that seeks to promote the interests of the people of the Middle Belt region, a loosely defined area in the northcentral region of Nigeria. The Middle Belt has an extremely diverse population. There are over 250 ethnic groups speaking over 400 languages in Nigeria, many living in

98-491: A decentralized nomination system whereby local ethnic unions or special committees in a given area nominated and presented candidates for local elections, this was partly used to validate the ethnic diversity of the party. This article about a political party in Nigeria is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Benue State Benue State is one of the North Central states in Nigeria with

147-674: A letter to the National Assembly directing them to transfer power to the Vice President. United Middle Belt Congress United Middle Belt Congress ( UMBC ) was a political party in Nigeria during the nation's First Republic. The Party was a fusion of two major Middle Belt organizations, viz. the Middle Zone League and the Middle Belt Peoples' Party. The party was formed to create

196-561: A political platform for the various ethnic groups in central Nigeria covering parts of present-day Benue State , Kogi State , Plateau State , Nasarawa State , Adamawa State and Kwara State . Its establishment was an act to ensure an alternative minority voice in the Northern Nigeria Assembly which was dominated by the Northern People's Congress, a political party which the central Nigerian leaders felt had

245-586: A population of 10,000 to 19,000 people and includes, Lessel, Ihugh , Naka , Adoka, Aliade, Okpoga, Igumale , Oju , Utonkon, Ugbokolo, Wannune, Ugbokpo, Otukpa , Ugba and Korinya. Most of these towns are headquarters of recently created Local Government Areas and/or district headquarters or major market areas. Some of the headquarters of the newly created LGAs have populations of less than 10,000 people. Such places include Tse-Agberaba, Gbajimba, Buruku , Idekpa, Obagaji and Obarikeito. Apart from earth roads, schools, periodic markets and chemists (local drug stores),

294-533: A population of about 4,253,641 in the 2006 census . The state was created in 1976 and was among the seven states created at that time. The state derives its name from the Benue River initially called Ber-nor , a compound word in Tiv language which means river or lake of hippopotamus ( ber meaning river or lake, while nor is the name for hippopotamus) the name Ber-nor was corrupted to BENUE by colonial masters,

343-711: A time when northern-origin President Umaru Yar'Adua was medically incapacitated, Isaac Shaahu said the Middle Belt would not support Northern attempts to force southern-origin Vice-President Goodluck Jonathan to resign, but also said he saw no reason why Yar'Adua should not continue in office although sick. However, in January 2010, Shaahu said that the problem could be solved within the constitution if Yar'Adua were to transmit

392-411: Is Makurdi . Benue is a rich agricultural region; common crops cultivated in the state include oranges , yams, mangoes , sweet potatoes , cassava , soya bean , guinea corn , flax , sesame , rice , groundnuts and palm trees . Benue State is a legacy of an administrative entity that was carved out of the protectorate of northern Nigeria at the beginning of the twentieth century. The territory

441-625: Is encountered. Here, the terrain is characterised by steep slopes, deep incised valleys and generally rugged relief. Elsewhere, gradients average less than 4°. River Benue is the dominant geographical feature in the state. It is one of the few large rivers in Nigeria. The Katsina-Ala is the largest tributary, while the smaller rivers include Mkomon , Amile , Duru , Loko Konshisha , Kpa , Okpokwu , Mu , Be , Aya , Apa Ogede and Ombi . The flood plains which are characterised by extensive swamps and ponds are good for dry season irrigated farming. Though Benue State has high drainage density many of

490-745: Is located in the North Central region of Nigeria , has a total population of 4,253,641 in the 2006 census , with an average population density of 99 persons per km . This makes Benue the 9th most populous state in Nigeria. However, the distribution of the population according to Local government areas shows marked duality. There are areas of low population density, such as Guma , Ohimini , Tarka, Apa , Logo and Agatu , each with less than seventy persons per km , while Vandeikya , Ukum, Kwande, Otukpo, Okpokwu , and Gboko have densities ranging from 160 persons to 200 persons per km . Makurdi LGA has over 380 persons per km2. The males are 49.8 percent of

539-516: Is still a challenge. Important cash crops include soybeans , rice, peanuts, mango varieties , citrus , etc. Other cash crops include palm oil , melon, African pear , chili pepper , tomatoes etc. Food crops include Yam , Cassava , Sweet potato , Beans , Maize, Millet , Guinea corn , Vegetables etc. There is very little irrigation agriculture and techniques. Animal production includes: Cattle, Pork, Poultry and Goat but no dairy and dairy products yet. The Zaki Ibiam International Yam Market

SECTION 10

#1732772748408

588-515: Is the biggest market for a single product in Nigeria. Banking services are available as all the banks in Nigeria have branches in the state, with the Central Bank of Nigeria having its regional headquarters in Makurdi. Dangote Cement Company is a private company that operates within the state and provides a little employment to the people. This is a rough estimated employment percentage in

637-549: Is −0.08% lower than Nigeria's averages. The state receives about 135.2 millimeters (5.32 inches) of precipitation and has 160.01 rainy days (43.84% of the time) annually. Based on Köppen climate classification , Benue State lies within the AW climate and experiences two distinct seasons, the Wet season and the Dry season . The rainy season lasts from April to October with annual rainfall in

686-581: The Archdiocese of Abuja : The Anglican Province of Abuja in the Church of Nigeria includes the Dioceses of Makurdi (1990) with 25 parishes led by Bishop Nathan Inyom (1990), Gboko (2009) led by Bishop Emmanuel Nyitsse , and Otukpo (1996) led by Bishop David Bello (2004). The N.K.S.T. Church is another major church in the state. The headquarters is at Mkar, Gboko . It is the first church in

735-724: The Tiv and idoma people are farmers while the inhabitants of the river areas engage in fishing as their primary or important secondary occupation. The people of the state are famous for their cheerful and hospitable disposition as well as rich cultural heritage. Benue State consists of twenty-three (23) Local Government Areas and the Tiv occupy 14, the Idoma occupy 7, the Igede occupy 2 . They are: The Benue State Government accords high respect to traditional rulers in recognition of their role as custodians of culture and as agents of development. Also, their roles in enhancing peace and order at

784-761: The Tiv , 7 for the idoma and 2 for the igede . Senatorial Zone A has; Tiv in all 7 local governments. The Etulo have a small community in Katsina Ala The hausa have small communities in Katsina Ala and Zaki biam Senatorial zone B has; Tiv in all 7 local governments The Etulo and Nyifon have small communities in Buruku . The Jukun community is along the river bank at Abinsi village in Makurdi local government. The hausa have 2 large communities in Makurdi city . They live in

833-575: The Tor Tiv (Tiv King) as chairman of all the traditional rulers from the Tiv dominant Local Government Areas, while the latter has the Och' Idoma ( Idoma king) as the chairman of all the traditional rulers from the Idoma dominant Local Government Areas. The State Council of Chiefs has the Tor Tiv, Orchivirigh Professor James Ayatse (Tor Tiv V) ( ), with Och'Idoma and all second class Chiefs/Chairmen of

882-539: The ACF. However, in response governor Joshua Dariye made it clear that he was not interested in being marginalized and would prefer to remain a "middle-belter". In an interview, retired Air Commodore Jonah David Jang put the position simply: "Middle Belters are Middle Belters, and we will remain Middle Belters". In September 2001, retired Air Commodore Dan Suleiman , former governor of Plateau State and chairman of

931-552: The Local Government Traditional Council as members. Benue State possesses a rich and diverse cultural heritage which finds expression in colourful cloths, exotic masquerades, supplicated music and dances. Traditional dances from Benue State have won acclaim at national and international cultural festivals. The most popular of these dances include Ingyough , Ange , Anchanakupa , Swange and Ogirinya among others. The socio-religious festivals of

980-741: The Makurdi Club, Railway Club, Police Club and Air Force Club, where, apart from the sale of drinks and snacks, various types of games are played. There is a standard Arts Theatre, a modern Sports Complex which includes the Aper Aku Stadium , which has provisions for such games as tennis, basketball, volleyball and handball, an indoor sports hall and Olympic size swimming pool in Makurdi. Smaller stadia exist in Gboko (J. S. Tarka Stadium), Katsina-Ala , Adikpo , Vandeikya and Otukpo . The BCC Lawn Tennis tournament attracts players from all over

1029-537: The Middle Belt. The forum serves as a voice for these minority groups. It is a successor to earlier movements, such as the United Middle Belt Congress led by Joseph Tarka . On 9 August 2001, a delegation from the Arewa Consultative Forum (ACF), which represents the North, visited Jos , Plateau State , in the heart of the middle belt. Major General Abdullahi Shelleng invited his audience to join

SECTION 20

#1732772748408

1078-848: The Tertiary and possibly the Interglacial periods of the Quaternary glaciation , the Benue and Niger Valleys, otherwise known as the Niger/Benue trough, were transgressed by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean . As a result, marine sediments form the dominant surface geology of much of Benue State. Benue State is blessed with abundant mineral resources. These resources are distributed in the Local Government Areas of

1127-622: The Tiv, the Tiv Day, marriage ceremonies and dance competitions (e.g. Swange dance) are often very colourful. Kwagh-Hir is a very entertaining Tiv puppet show. Social life in Benue State is also enriched by the availability of diverse recreational facilities. Apart from parks, beaches, dancing and masquerades mentioned above, the big hotels in Makurdi , Gboko and Otukpo are equipped with several indoor sporting facilities. There are golf clubs,

1176-605: The Wadata neighborhood and North bank neighborhood. Senatorial Zone C has; The Idoma in 7 local governments The Igede in 2 local governments and few other communities in other local governments. The Orring have a few communities, The Igbo have a few communities at the bothering local governments with Enugu state state, The Akweya have a few communities too. The state is populated by several ethnic groups: Tiv , Idoma , Igede , Etulo , Ufia Orring , Abakpa, Jukun , Igbo , Akweya , hausa and Nyifon . Most of

1225-431: The absence of capital funds, basic infrastructure and the frequent political changes. The location of Benue State in the centre of the country plus the presence of bridges on two large rivers, the Benue River and Katsina-Ala River , make the state a major cross-roads centre. The present government has shown commitment to the construction of roads within the state capital Makurdi and other major roads leading in and out of

1274-858: The country. Following another of the recurrent crises in Plateau State, in March 2010, the President of the MBF, Pius Atta called for the name of the North-Central Zone to be replaced with Middle Belt Zone. In March 2005, leaders of the forum called for a restructuring of the zonal set-up in Nigeria from the present six zones to eight. In January 2008, a delegation from the Middle Belt Forum led by MDF president Isaac Shaahu asked former Governor Jonah Jang of Plateau State to take over

1323-670: The country. Benue State has three teams in the professional soccer ranks, Lobi Stars F.C. in Division One, BCC Lions FC in Division Two, Mark mentors as the basketball premier league team. Languages of Benue State listed by LGA: Other languages spoken in the State include Korring Etulo , Nyifon , Basa , Jukun (including Wannu ), and Utugwang Irungene Afrike . Igbo is also spoken in border areas. The Roman Catholic Church has 2,354,410 followers in four suffragans of

1372-631: The creation of Benue State in 1976. Benue towns can be categorised into three groups. The first group consists of those with a population of 80,000 to 500,000 people. These include Makurdi , the State Capital, Gboko and Otukpo the "headquarters" of the two dominant ethnic groups (125,944 and 88,958 people respectively). The second group comprises towns with a population of between 20,000 and 50,000 people and includes Katsina-Ala , Zaki-Biam , Vandeikya and Adikpo . These are all local government headquarters. The third category comprises towns with

1421-428: The forum, said the middle belters are grossly marginalised and have become an endangered species on the brink of extinction and cultural annihilation. He was supported by retired General Zamani Lekwot , a former military governor of Rivers State , who attributed the failure to create a Middle Belt region in 1963 to politicians perceiving the Middle Belt as a threat. In an August 2002 interview following civil unrest in

1470-648: The grassroots level are also recognised. To enhance their contribution to the affairs of the state, government has established a three-tier traditional council system made up of Local Government Area Traditional Councils, Area Traditional Councils and the State Council of Chiefs with the Tor Tiv (Tiv King) as chairman. The two Area Councils are the Tiv Traditional Council and the Idoma Traditional Council. The former has

1519-584: The leadership of the Middle Belt Governor's Forum, a related group. In November 2009, the chairman of the forum, Wilberforce Juta , proposed a constitutional amendment where each state in Nigeria would take full control of its resources, paying a 75% tax to the Federal Government. He claimed that this federalist approach would be fairer and more efficient than the proposed 10% stake in the deregulated oil industry. In December 2009, at

Middle Belt Forum - Misplaced Pages Continue

1568-468: The lower river Benue trough in the middle belt region of Nigeria. Its geographic coordinates are longitude 7° 47' and 10° 0' East. Latitude 6° 25' and 8° 8' North; and shares boundaries with five other states namely: Nasarawa State to the north for 231 km (partly across the Benue River), Taraba State to the east for 235 km, Cross-River State to the south for 96 km, Enugu State to

1617-476: The middle belt, Dan Suleiman partially blamed the far north leaders for encouraging the violence. In May 2003, Vice President Atiku Abubakar met with leaders of the MBF led by Dan Suleiman. He described the people of the region as "patriotic, supportive and selfless Nigerians who have sacrificed much more than the people of other regions in holding this country together". He cautioned the forum leaders to resist infiltrators wanting to cause disunity and instability in

1666-667: The new Kogi State . Igbo people are found in the boundary areas like the Obi , Oju and Ado Local Government Areas. It is known as the "Heartbeat of the Middle Belt" and the "Entertainment Capital of the Middle Belt " north of the Niger River . Otukpo , the Idoma people's traditional and administrative capital, is also known as the Lion's Heart and the Land of the Brave. Benue State, which

1715-412: The oldest towns in the state and are growing at a much faster rate than the smaller younger towns. Makurdi doubles as the capital of the state and the headquarters of Makurdi LGA, while Gboko , Otukpo and Oju double as the local government and ethnic headquarters (i.e. for Tiv , Idoma , and Igede). All the roads in the state radiate from these three centres. As an administrative unit, Benue State

1764-566: The people, colourful dances, dresses and songs are also of tourist value. The Alekwu ancestral festival of the Idoma people, for instance, is an occasion when the local people believe their ancestors re-established contact with the living in the form of masquerades. The Igede Agba is a Yam Festival, marked every year in September by the Igede people of Oju and Obi local government areas. Among

1813-773: The potential to curb the middle belt's political voice. The UMBC in due time, became the Third largest opposition party in the Northern Nigeria Assembly. In 1958, the UMBC entered into an alliance with the Southwest Nigeria dominant Action Group of Chief Obafemi Awolowo . Some of the early leaders of the UMBC were Joseph Tarka , Akase Dowgo , David Lot , Patrick Dokotri, Edward Kundu Swem, Ahmadu Angara, Isaac Shaahu (Northern Assembly Opposition Leader), Solomon Lar , D. Bulus Biliyong, D.D. Dimka, V.T. Shisha, M.D. Iyorka, Ugba Uyeh and Vincent Igbarumun Orjime. The party adopted

1862-601: The range of 100-200mm. The dry season begins in November and ends in March. Temperatures fluctuate between 21 – 37 degrees Celsius in the year. The south-eastern part of the state adjoining the Obudu-Cameroun mountain range, however, has a cooler climate similar to that of Plateau State . Much of Benue State falls within the Benue Valley/trough which is believed to be structurally developed. During

1911-677: The region and the first encounter with Christianity by the Tiv people Agriculture forms the backbone of the Benue State economy, engaging more than 70 per cent of the working population. This has made Benue the major source of food production in the Nation. Experts say that it can still be developed because most of the modern techniques are not yet popular to majority of Nigerian farmers. Mechanization and plantation agriculture/agro-forestry are still at its infancy. Farm inputs such as fertilizers, improved seed, insecticides and other foreign methods are being increasingly used. However, cost and availability

1960-830: The river is the second largest river in Nigeria after the River Niger . The state borders Nasarawa State to the North; Taraba State to the East; Kogi State to the West; Enugu State to the South-West; Ebonyi and Cross-Rivers State to the South; and has an international border with Cameroon to the South-East . It is inhabited predominantly by the Tiv , Idoma and Igede people. Minority ethnic groups in Benue are Etulo , Igbo , hausa and Jukun people etc. Its capital

2009-434: The rural areas are largely used for farming, relying on the urban centres for most of their urban needs. Benue State has no problem of capital city primacy. Rather, three towns stand out very clearly as important urban centres which together account for more than 70 per cent of the social amenities provided in the state and almost all the industrial establishments. These centres are Makurdi , Gboko and Otukpo . They are among

Middle Belt Forum - Misplaced Pages Continue

2058-554: The south-west for 84 km, and Kogi State to the west for 153 km. The state also shares a common boundary for 22 km with the Nord-Ouest Province , claimed by both Ambazonia and the Republic of Cameroon on the south-east. Benue occupies a landmass of 34,059 square kilometres. Benue state has a Tropical wet and dry or savanna climate . The city's yearly temperature is 29.38 °C (84.88 °F) and it

2107-529: The southern parts of the state is characterised by forests, which yield trees for timber and provide a suitable habitat for rare animals types and species. The state thus possesses potential for the development of viable forest and wildlife reserves. The land is generally low lying (averaging 100m-250m) and gently undulating with occasional inselbergs , Knoll , Laterite etc. It is only at the boundary area with Cameroon , also Kwande and Oju Local Government Areas that hilly terrain with appreciable local relief

2156-600: The state. Of these mineral resources, only Limestone at Tse-Kucha, Gboko and Kaolinite at Otukpo are being commercially exploited. Other mineral deposits include Baryte , Gypsum , Feldspar , Wolframite , Kaolinite , mineral salts and Gemstone etc. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy of Benue State, engaging over 75% of the state's workforce. Prominent crops include Yam , Rice, Beans , Cassava , Sweet potato , Maize, Soybean , Sorghum , Millet , Sesame , Cocoyam etc. The state also accounts for over 70% of Nigeria's Soybean production. The vegetation of

2205-567: The state: 75% are farmers, 10% traders, 6% civil servants, 9% private. Benue State has the capacity to support a wide range of industries using local agricultural and mineral resources although potentials are yet to be exploited. Private initiatives in commerce and industry, particularly by indigenes, is as also on a small scale and is limited to carpentry, shoe repairs and manufacturing, small scale rice mills, leather and plastic industries, weaving, printing, catering, block making, food processing, etc. Industry and commerce have been greatly retarded by

2254-413: The streams are seasonal. Hence, there is an acute water shortage in the dry season in Local Government Areas such as Guma , Okpokwu , Ogbadibo , Gwer West ( Naka, Nigeria ) and Oju . This river system has great potential for a viable fishing industry, dry season farming through irrigation and for an inland water highway. Benue is divided into 3 senatorial districts and 23 local government areas 14 for

2303-461: The total population while females constitute 50.2 per cent. Benue State region was depleted of its human population during the slave trade . It is largely rural, with scattered settlements mainly in tiny compounds or homesteads, whose population range from 630 people, most of whom are farmers. Urbanization in Benue State did not predate the colonial era. The few towns established during colonial rule remained very small (less than 30,000 people) up to

2352-447: Was first created on 3 February 1976. It was one of the seven states created by the military administration headed by General Murtala Mohammed , which increased the number of states in the country from 13 to 19. In 1991, its boundaries were re-adjusted with the creation of Kogi State . The new Benue State of today has twenty-three (23) local government areas, which are administered by local government councils. Benue State lies within

2401-543: Was initially known as Munshi Province until 1918 when the name of its dominant geographical feature, the Benue River was adopted. Benue State is named after the Benue River and was formed from the former Benue-Plateau State in 1976, along with Igala and some part of Kwara State . In 1991, some areas of Benue state (mostly the Igala -speaking area), along with areas in Kwara State , were clubbed together to form

#407592