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78-595: TRANSPO is a hub-and-spoke system, with routes radiating from the center towards the outward corners of the metropolitan area. It is made up of 18 fixed bus routes. It also operates an on-demand paratransit service. In Mishawaka, it serves as a de facto school bus service. South Street Station serves as a system hub, linking together most of the routes. The system runs Monday-Saturday, operating 5:50 AM – 10:00 PM on weekdays and 6:00 AM – 6:45 PM on Saturdays. It does not operate on Sundays or major holidays. All buses are equipped with bike racks. In 2014, Transpo began converting

156-624: A day in advance, eliminated shared trips, reduced in-transit time, and reduced the pickup wait time from 30 minutes to as low as 5 minutes in the urban core. With the subsidy cap initially set at $ 13, the MBTA reduced the average cost of a paratransit trip from $ 35 to $ 9. Pilot participants on average substantially increased the number of trips they took, but still at a lower overall cost to the agency. Availability of wheelchair-accessible vehicles remained an occasional problem, but these were only needed by about 20% of paratransit riders. Before passage of

234-808: A decline in business for Greyhound and other intercity bus carriers. In October 1953, Greyhound acquired the Tennessee Coach Company 's entire operation, and the negotiations for the Blue Ridge Lines, and its affiliate White Star Lines, that operated between Cleveland and the Mid Atlantic Seaboard. In 1955, the Interstate Commerce Commission ruled in the case of Keys v. Carolina Coach Co. that U.S. interstate bus operations, such as Greyhound's, could not be segregated by race. In 1960, in

312-747: A downtown South Shore Line station for South Bend, replacing the existing station at South Bend International Airport . Such a station, if constructed, might be either adjacent to, or integrated into, the South Street Station. The system's secondary transfer center is the Mishawaka Transfer Center, located in Downtown Mishawaka. The station is also served by the Interurban Trolley . In the early 2000s, there had been consideration given to moving

390-500: A flexible system of small vehicles a less expensive alternative for accessibility than options with larger, fixed-route vehicles. This however ended up not being the case. Often paratransit services were being filled up to their capacity. In some cases, leaving individuals who were in need of the door to door service provided by paratransit unable to utilize it due to the fact that disabled people who could use fixed-route vehicles also found themselves using these paratransit services. With

468-531: A former executive of rival Continental Trailways , who became CEO of Greyhound and relocated its headquarters to Dallas, Texas . In February 1987, Greyhound Lines' new ownership and the Amalgamated Transit Union (ATU) agreed on a new, 3-year contract. In June 1987, Greyhound Lines acquired Trailways, Inc. (formerly Continental Trailways ), the largest member of the rival Trailways Transportation System , effectively consolidating into

546-414: A national bus service. Greyhound was required by the Interstate Commerce Commission to maintain coordinated schedules with other scheduled service operators in the U.S. Between 1987 and 1990, Greyhound Lines' former parent continued to be called The Greyhound Corporation, confusing passengers and investors alike. The Greyhound Corporation retained Premier Cruise Lines and ten non-bus subsidiaries using

624-526: A peer review of large urban paratransit systems in the US in 2009: In response to increasing ridership and costs of providing paratransit service, WMATA made two significant changes beginning in 2010: the paratransit service area was reduced from jurisdictional boundaries to the ADA requirement of within a 3/4 mile corridor of fixed-route services; and, fares were linked to WMATA 's fixed route services and charged to

702-574: A reporter ( Clark Gable ) — has been credited by the company for spurring bus travel nationwide. In 1935, national intercity bus ridership climbed 50% to 651,999,000 passengers, surpassing the volume of passengers carried by the Class I railroads for the first time. In 1935, Wickman reported record profits of $ 8 million. In 1936, already the largest bus carrier in the United States, Greyhound began taking delivery of 306 new buses. In 1941,

780-541: A service area. In addition to public transit agencies, paratransit services may be operated by community groups or not-for-profit organizations, and for-profit private companies or operators. The concept of intermediate public transport (IPT) or paratransit, exhibits considerable variation between developed and developing nations. In developed countries, it is typically a flexible, demand-responsive form of public transportation designed to provide point-to-point service. These systems are generally well-structured and organized. On

858-976: A subsector and business in its own right. The term paratransit is rarely used outside of North America. Projects in the broader sense were documented by the Urban Institute in the 1974 book Para-transit: Neglected options for urban mobility , followed a year later by the first international overview, Paratransit: Survey of International Experience and Prospects . Robert Cervero 's 1997 book, Paratransit in America: Redefining Mass Transportation , embraced this wider definition of paratransit, arguing that America's mass transit sector should enlarge to include micro-vehicles, minibuses, and shared-taxi services found in many developing cities. Paratransit, as an alternative mode of flexible passenger transportation that does not follow fixed routes or schedules, are common and often offer

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936-750: A substantial daily income, which supports their livelihoods. Typically, minibuses are used to provide paratransit service in USA. Most paratransit vehicles are equipped with wheelchair lifts or ramps to facilitate access. In the United States , private transportation companies often provide paratransit service in cities and metropolitan areas under contract to local public transportation agencies. The use of "paratransit" ("para transit", "para-transit") has evolved and taken on two somewhat separate broad sets of meaning and application in North America;

1014-599: A temporary location, with plans to build a permanent facility on the former Uniroyal land along the St. Joseph River. Paratransit Paratransit (the term used in North America ) or intermediate public transport (also known by other names such as community transport ( UK )), is a type of transportation service that supplements fixed-route mass transit by providing individualized rides without fixed routes or timetables. Paratransit services may vary considerably on

1092-399: A transit center for South Bend Transpo. It was also envisioned that the station would house intercity bus services and a bus transit link to South Bend's airport . It was envisioned that, in addition to larger buses, smaller electric-powered shuttle buses would also be serving the transit center. A parking garage was planned to be attached to the station. A feasibility study for the project

1170-494: A valid ID. As of January 2012, Ivy Tech Students can ride with a student ID and validation sticker (sticker is available for $ 20 from Ivy Tech). Holy Cross students pay regular fare. Route 4 stops at the South Bend International Airport . The airport doubles as a regional transit hub. Coach USA buses stop there (and formerly Greyhound Lines buses), and the airport terminal building incorporates

1248-432: Is a central organization recognized by the government which "promotes excellence through training, publications, advice, events and project support on voluntary, community and accessible transport." In Zagreb , Croatia , the municipal mass transit operator ZET operates a fleet of minibuses equipped with several seats and lift for wheelchairs for on-demand transport of disabled persons. In Hong Kong , Rehabus service

1326-454: Is a company that operates the largest intercity bus service in North America. Services include Greyhound Mexico , charter bus services, and Amtrak Thruway services. Greyhound operates 1,700 coaches produced mainly by Motor Coach Industries and Prevost serving 230 stations and 1,700 destinations. The company's first route began in Hibbing, Minnesota in 1914 and the company adopted

1404-457: Is an unfunded mandate . Under the ADA, complementary paratransit service is required for passengers who are 1) Unable to navigate the public bus system, 2) unable to get to a point from which they could access the public bus system, or 3) have a temporary need for these services because of injury or some type of limited duration cause of disability (49 CFR 37.123). Title 49 Part 37 details the eligibility rules along with requirements governing how

1482-565: Is another field being applied to paratransit operations. Some companies are beginning to integrate cloud computing models to find operational efficiencies and cost savings for smaller paratransit service providers. There is no legislation providing details on paratransit standards, but the Canadian Urban Transit Association has provided voluntary guidelines for member transit agencies to use to determine paratransit needs and standards. Various operators including

1560-517: Is considerably higher than traditional fixed-route bus service, with Maryland's Mobility service reporting per-passenger costs of over $ 40 per trip in 2010. Paratransit ridership growth of more than 10% per year was reported in the District of Columbia metropolitan area for 2006 through 2009. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority 's MetroAccess service in Washington, D.C. conducted

1638-650: Is provided by the Hong Kong Society for Rehabilitation. The New Zealand Transport Agency provides a comprehensive list of options in the country, including Total Mobility (TM) in Auckland . In Australia, Disability Standards for Accessible Public Transport under subsection 31 (1) of the Disability Discrimination Act of 1992 mandated that as of 2002 "all new public transport conveyances, premises and infrastructure must comply with

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1716-491: Is the primary hub of the system. It is located in Downtown South Bend. The station includes a 14,800 square foot (1,370 m) building containing waiting areas, public restrooms , and other facilities. Efforts planning this station date back to 1992. It was envisioned to be an intermodal transit hub that would feature a new station for Amtrak (replacing South Bend's existing Amtrak station ) in addition to

1794-657: The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), paratransit was provided by not-for-profit human service agencies and public transit agencies in response to the requirements in Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Section 504 prohibited the exclusion of disabled people from "any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance". In Title 49 Part 37 (49 CFR 37) of the Code of Federal Regulations ,

1872-536: The Federal Transit Administration defined requirements for making buses accessible or providing complementary paratransit services within public transit service areas. Most transit agencies did not see fixed route accessibility as desirable and opted for a flexible system of small paratransit vehicles operating parallel to a system of larger, fixed-route buses. The expectation was that the paratransit services would not be heavily used, making

1950-864: The Greyhound name in 1929. The company is owned by Flix North America, Inc., an affiliate of FlixBus , and is based in Downtown Dallas . In 1914, Eric Wickman , a 27-year-old Swedish immigrant, was laid off from his job as a drill operator at a mine in Alice, Minnesota . He became a Hupmobile salesman in Hibbing, Minnesota , and, when he could not sell the first seven-passenger Hupmobile that he received, he began using it along with fellow Swedish immigrant Andy "Bus Andy" Anderson and C. A. A. "Arvid" Heed to transport iron ore miners two miles from Hibbing to Alice for 15 cents per ride. Wickman made $ 2.25 on his first run. Wickman almost gave up after

2028-633: The New York Stock Exchange on February 10, 2003 and emerged from re-organization on June 23, 2003 as the successor to Laidlaw Inc. By 2003, Greyhound faced significant competition in the northeast from Chinatown bus lines . More than 250 buses, operated by competitors such as Fung Wah Bus Transportation and Lucky Star Bus were competing fiercely from curbsides in the Chinatowns of New York City , Boston , Philadelphia , and Washington, D.C. When operating on inter-city routes,

2106-565: The Old Washington, D.C. Greyhound Bus Station . Greyhound worked with the Yellow Coach Manufacturing Company for its streamlined Series 700 buses, first for Series 719 prototypes in 1934, and from 1937 as the exclusive customer for Yellow's Series 743 bus (which Greyhound named the "Super Coach"). Greyhound bought a total of 1,256 buses between 1937 and 1939. By the beginning of World War II ,

2184-709: The TTC , BC Transit , OC Transpo and TransLink offer the service, and in the province of British Columbia paratransit is referred to as HandyDART throughout by both major transit operators. Paratransit systems in many developing world cities are operated by individuals and small business. The fragmented, intensely competitive nature of the industry makes government regulation and control much harder than traditional public transport. Government authorities have cited problems with unsafe vehicles and drivers as justifying efforts to regulate and "formalize" paratransit operations. However, these efforts have been limited by ignorance on

2262-764: The Yelloway-Pioneer System , which in 1928 made the first transcontinental bus trip, and The Pickwick Corporation . In 1929, the company acquired additional interests in Gray Line Worldwide and part of the Colonial Motor Coach Company to form Eastern Greyhound Lines. It also acquired an interest in Northland Transportation Company and renamed it Northland Greyhound Lines. By 1930, more than 100 bus lines had been consolidated into

2340-634: The eponymous South Shore Line station. The South Shore Line links South Bend to the city of Chicago, making stops at cities, villages and other miscellaneous municipalities throughout Northern Indiana. Route 2 stops at the city's Amtrak station . Route 5 connects to Niles DART Route 2 at the Auten Rd/933 stop Monday-Friday. Route 9 links up with the Interurban Trolley system's Bittersweet/Mishawaka Route at Twin Branch Park. The route links Mishawaka to Downtown Elkhart . South Street Station

2418-594: The 1960s, Greyhound leadership ridership declined and Greyhound used the profitable bus operations to invest in other industries. In 1966, Gerald H. Trautman became president and CEO of the company. In 1970, the company acquired Armour and Company meat-packing company, which owned the Dial deodorant soap brand, for $ 400 million. In 1971, Greyhound moved its headquarters to Phoenix, Arizona . The company also acquired Traveller's Express money orders, MCI and TMC bus manufacturing companies, and airliner leasing. In

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2496-638: The ADA allowable maximum of two times the fastest equivalent bus or rail fare. These changes helped result in the first-ever reduction in the number of year-over-year trips between 2011 and 2012. Annually, the Canadian Urban Transit Association publishes a fact book providing statistics for all of the Ontario specialized public transit services; as of 2015 there were 79 in operation. The complicated nature of providing paratransit service in accordance with ADA guidelines led to

2574-520: The Amtrak component failed to materialize. The parking garage originally planned to be attached to the station never materialized. Furthermore, it was not until December 2, 2019, when Greyhound Lines moved its intercity bus service from South Bend International Airport to the South Street Station, that it received intercity bus service. Barons Bus Lines also now provides intercity bus service at South Street Station. There have been talks of constructing

2652-767: The Chinatown buses offered prices about 50% less than Greyhound's. Between 1997 and 2007, Chinatown buses took 60% of Greyhound's market share in the northeast United States. In 2003, Greyhound expanded its QuickLink service, Greyhound's brand of commuter bus service that runs frequently during the peak weekday commuting hours. Routes were operated from Sacramento, California to the San Francisco Bay Area and Macon, Georgia to Atlanta. In 2004, Greyhound dropped low-demand rural stops and started concentrating on dense, inter-metropolitan routes. It cut nearly 37% of its network. In some rural areas, particularly in

2730-459: The Greyhound bus's tires. Several miles outside of Anniston, Alabama , the mob forced the Greyhound bus to stop, broke its windows, and firebombed it. The mob held the bus' doors shut, intending to burn the riders to death. Sources disagree, but either an exploding fuel tank or an undercover state investigator brandishing a revolver caused the mob to retreat. When the riders escaped the bus,

2808-504: The Greyhound name, such as Greyhound Leisure Services, Inc. (an operator of airport and cruise ship duty-free shops), and Greyhound Exhibits. In March 1990, The Greyhound Corporation changed its name to Greyhound Dial Corporation. Because Greyhound Dial's switchboard continued to get questions from misdirected bus passengers, it changed its name to The Dial Corporation in March 1991, to eliminate any association with bus travel. In early 1990,

2886-536: The U.S. operations of Greyhound Lines, Inc., including Carolina Trailways and other Greyhound affiliates, for about $ 470 million. The acquisition was completed in March 1999. In June 2001, after incurring heavy losses through its investments in Greyhound Lines and other parts of its diversified business, Laidlaw filed for bankruptcy protection in both the U.S. and Canada. Naperville, Illinois –based Laidlaw International, Inc. listed its common shares on

2964-465: The United States. Starting November 2, 1983, Greyhound suffered a major and bitter drivers' strike action . A fatality occurred in Zanesville, Ohio , when a replacement driver ran over a striking worker at a picket line. A new contract was ratified on December 19, 1983 and drivers returned to work the next day. In early 1987, the bus line was acquired by an investor group led by Fred Currey,

3042-545: The acquisitions, most of the remaining members of the Trailways System began interlining cooperatively with Greyhound, discontinued their scheduled route services, diversified into charters and tours, or went out of business altogether. On September 3, 1997, Burlington, Ontario –based transportation conglomerate Laidlaw announced it would buy Greyhound Canada , Greyhound's Canadian operations, for US$ 72 million. In October 1998, Laidlaw announced it would acquire

3120-468: The aging fleet to compressed natural gas (CNG) with the arrival of 14 New Flyer buses. TRANSPO has 18 individual routes and 1 additional “Gameday Express” service for Notre Dame home games. The fares have been increased several times during the system's history. The most recent increase was on April 5, 2010. The fares are now the following: University of Notre Dame , Saint Mary's College students, faculty and staff can ride for free provided they show

3198-408: The building and the parking lot for buses at the South Street Station were still months away from completion, necessitating the temporary use of on-street parking for buses for several months. South Street Station's facilities were opened in 1998. When it opened, South Street Station was solely a transfer center for local buses, with the Amtrak component planned to be built at a later date. Ultimately,

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3276-532: The bus, rail and motor coach trade magazine Metro Magazine began conducting annual surveys of public and private paratransit providers: The US Government Accountability Office GAO released a report in November 2012 for the Federal Transit Administration which "examined: (1) the extent of compliance with ADA paratransit requirements, (2) changes in ADA paratransit demand and costs since 2007, and (3) actions transit agencies are taking to help address changes in

3354-449: The case of Boynton v. Virginia , the U.S. Supreme Court found that an African American had been wrongfully convicted for trespassing in a "whites only" terminal area. In May 1961, Civil Rights Movement activists organized interracial Freedom Rides as proof of the desegregation rulings. On May 14, a mob attacked a pair of buses (a Greyhound and a Trailways ) traveling from Washington, D.C., to New Orleans, Louisiana, and slashed

3432-588: The company acquired Greyhound Canada . Between 1937 and 1945, Greyhound built many new stations and acquired new buses in the period in the late Art Deco style known as Streamline Moderne . For terminals, Greyhound retained architects including William Strudwick Arrasmith and George D. Brown . Notable examples of Streamline Moderne stations include the Blytheville Greyhound Bus Station , Cleveland, Ohio Greyhound Bus Station , Columbia, South Carolina Greyhound Bus Station , and

3510-494: The company had 18 vehicles and annual income of $ 40,000. In 1922, Wickman and Heed sold their interests in the company to Bogan and Anderson. Wickman and Heed then moved to Duluth and acquired White Bus Lines. In 1924, Wickman formed Northland, which acquired the Superior-White Company; its founder, Orville S. Caesar, who had strong business acumen, mechanical skills, and ambition, eventually became president of

3588-472: The company had 4,750 stations and nearly 10,000 employees. Wickman retired as president of the Greyhound Corporation in 1946 and was replaced by his long-time partner Orville S. Caesar. Wickman died at the age of 66 in 1954. Greyhound commissioned industrial designer Raymond Loewy and General Motors to design several distinctive buses from the 1930s through the 1950s. Loewy's first

3666-606: The company moved from Duluth, Minnesota to Chicago, Illinois . The business suffered during the Great Depression , and by 1931 was over $ 1 million in debt. As the 1930s progressed and the economy improved, Greyhound began to prosper again. In 1934, intercity bus lines, of which Greyhound was the largest carried approximately 400 million passengers — nearly as many passengers as the Class I railroads. The film It Happened One Night (1934) — about an heiress ( Claudette Colbert ) traveling by Greyhound bus with

3744-522: The company was offering $ 10 fares due to competition. In September 1998, Greyhound promised to make accommodations for disabled passengers, including equipping most buses with wheelchair lifts. In the late 1990s, Greyhound Lines acquired two more members of the National Trailways Bus System. The company purchased Carolina Trailways in 1997, followed by the intercity operations of Southeastern Trailways in 1998. Following

3822-543: The company. In 1925, the company completed the $ 2.5 million acquisition of eight independent bus lines in Minnesota. In 1928, Anderson and Bogan disbanded and sold most of the routes of the Mesaba Transportation Company to Northland. The company continued to expand and, in 1928, it had income of $ 6 million and was offering trips all over the United States. In 1929, the company acquired

3900-413: The degree of flexibility they provide their customers. At their simplest they may consist of a taxi or small bus that will run along a more or less defined route and then stop to pick up or discharge passengers on request. At the other end of the spectrum—fully demand-responsive transport —the most flexible paratransit systems offer on-demand call-up door-to-door service from any origin to any destination in

3978-581: The demand for and costs of ADA paratransit service." The report found that "average number of annual ADA paratransit trips provided by a transit agency increased 7 percent from 2007 to 2010" and that the average cost of providing a paratransit trip is "an estimated three and a half times more expensive than the average cost of $ 8.15 to provide a fixed-route trip." . The Maryland Transit Administration reported paratransit ridership increases of 15% in fiscal 2012, with double-digit increases expected in fiscal 2013 and 2014. The cost of providing paratransit service

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4056-470: The development of sophisticated software for the industry. Intelligent transportation systems technologies, primarily GPS , mobile data terminals , digital mobile radios , and cell phones, and scheduling, dispatching, and call reservation software are now in use increasingly in North America and Europe. Interactive voice response systems and web-based initiatives are the next technology innovation anticipated for paratransit services. Advanced analytics

4134-714: The drivers' contract from 1987 expired at the end of its three-year term. In March, the ATU began a strike action against Greyhound. The 1990 drivers' strike was similar in its bitterness to the strike of 1983, with violence against both strikers and their replacement workers. One striker in California was killed by a Greyhound bus driven by a strikebreaker, and a shot was fired at a Greyhound bus. While Greyhound CEO Fred Currey argued that "no American worth his salt negotiates with terrorists," ATU leader Edward M. Strait responded that management's failure to negotiate amounted to "putting

4212-526: The first prototype built in 1953. The PD-4501 Scenicruiser was designed by Roland E. Gegoux and built by General Motors as model PD-4501. The front of the bus was markedly lower than its rear section. After World War II , and the building of the Interstate Highway System beginning in 1956, automobile travel became a preferred mode of travel in the United States. This, combined with the increasing affordability of air travel, led to

4290-416: The first winter due to the harsh driving conditions in Minnesota. However, he agreed to continue on by reducing his driving duties. In 1915, he added a 15-mile route to Nashwauk, Minnesota . In December 1915, Wickman merged his company with that of 19-year-old Ralph Bogan, who was running a similar transportation service from Hibbing to Duluth, Minnesota , to form the Mesaba Transportation Company. By 1918,

4368-401: The late 1970s, Greyhound began hiring African American and female drivers for the first time. In 1972, Greyhound introduced the unlimited mileage Ameripass. The pass was initially marketed as offering "99 days for $ 99" or, transportation to anywhere at any time for a dollar a day. For decades, it was a popular choice for people traveling across the U.S. on a budget. Over time, Greyhound raised

4446-636: The mob beat them, while warning shots fired into the air by highway patrolmen prevented them from being lynched . Additional Freedom Riders were beaten by a mob at the Greyhound Station in Montgomery Alabama . The Civil Rights Act of 1964 's Title II and Title III broadened protections beyond federally regulated carriers such as Greyhound, to include non-discrimination in hotels, restaurants, and other public accommodations, as well as state and local government buildings. Later in

4524-443: The most sophisticated management systems available in the world of rubber tire transit (land-based non-rail public transit). Since the passage of the ADA, paratransit service has grown rapidly as a mode of public transit in the United States. Continued growth can be expected due to the aging of baby boomers and disabled Iraq War veterans. The growth of the number of people requiring paratransit has resulted in an increase in cost for

4602-504: The need for passengers to book a week in advance, and reduced the cost to the county from $ 81 to about $ 30. In 2016, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority began a pilot program which has subsidized paratransit passengers on Uber , Lyft , and Curb, up to a cap of $ 42 per ride. This retained the ability to book by phone, lowered the fare for riders, eliminated the need to book the trip

4680-418: The negotiations back into the hands of terrorists." During the strike by its 6,300 drivers, Greyhound idled much of its fleet of 3,949 buses and cancelled 80% of its routes. At the same time, Greyhound was having to contend with the rise of low-cost airlines such as Southwest Airlines , which further reduced the market for long-distance inter-city bus transportation. Without the financial strength provided in

4758-433: The only mechanized mobility options for the poor in many parts of the developing world. Some paratransit systems have begun subsidizing private taxi or ride-hailing trips as an alternative to the government-run or government-contracted system. For example, in 2010, Solano County, California dissolved Solano Paratransit and allowed paratransit-eligible passengers to buy $ 100 worth of taxi scrip for $ 15. This eliminated

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4836-534: The other hand, in developing countries, IPT often operates as an informal, cost-effective alternative to formal transportation modes. It tends to be unorganized and subject to minimal government regulation, serving as a prevalent form of spontaneous public transport that facilitates quick and convenient travel. The importance of IPT may extends beyond mobility, as it can also contribute to the economic well-being of those who operate these services. In some cases, drivers of vehicles such as tempos and autorickshaws can earn

4914-487: The paratransit industry to maintain these services. The results of this rising cost are the paratransit industry trying to get individuals to move from a reliance on paratransit vehicles to fixed-route vehicles. Due to the push to have paratransit vehicles being the main method of transportation for disabled individuals prior to the passing of the ADA, the paratransit industry is finding it hard to get individuals to switch over to fixed route transportation. Beginning in 2004,

4992-493: The parent company, then called Motor Transit Corporation. Recognizing the need for a more memorable name, the partners of the Motor Transit Corporation changed its name to The Greyhound Corporation after the Greyhound name used by earlier bus lines. According to company lore, that name came from a driver, Ed Stone, who was reminded of a greyhound when he saw a passing bus in a reflection. Also in 1930,

5070-634: The part of regulatory authorities and mistrust between authorities and operators. In sub-Saharan Africa, this form of transport (called "transport artisanal" in French) serves more than 70% of commuters, evolved organically and replaced formal transit after independence. Paratransit can take many forms, from the 16-seater minibus taxis (see share taxi ), to motorbikes ( boda boda ). In the United Kingdom , services are called community transport and provided locally. The Community Transport Association

5148-420: The passage of the ADA, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act was extended to include all activities of state and local government. Its provisions were not limited to programs receiving federal funds and applied to all public transit services, regardless of how the services were funded or managed. Title II of the ADA also more clearly defined a disabled person's right to equal participation in transit programs, and

5226-663: The past by a parent company, the strike's lower revenues and higher costs for security and labor-law penalties caused Greyhound to file for bankruptcy in June 1990. The strike was not settled until May 1993, 38 months later, under terms favorable to Greyhound. While the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) had awarded damages for unfair labor practices to the strikers, this liability was discharged during bankruptcy reorganization. Greyhound agreed to pay $ 22 million in back wages to union drivers, recall 550 of

5304-615: The previous lot that was used as a transfer center. The station, during its planning, received criticism from some as an example of " pork barrel spending", receiving the 1996 "Oinkers Award" in the Pig Book published by Citizens Against Government Waste . The previous transfer center, located at Main Street and Jefferson Boulevard, closed on June 28, 1997 (a Saturday), and buses moved to the South Street Station's intersection at Main Street and South Street on June 30, 1997 (a Monday). However,

5382-485: The price of the pass, shortened its validity period and rebranded it as the Discovery Pass, until it was discontinued in 2012. Greyhound acquired Premier Cruise Line in 1984. Between 1985 and 1993, Premier operated as the "Official Cruise Line of Walt Disney World " with onboard Disney characters. In 1983, Greyhound operated a fleet of 3,800 buses and carried about 60% of the intercity bus-travel market in

5460-569: The provider's responsibility to make that participation possible. In revisions to Title 49 Part 37, the Federal Transit Administration defined the combined requirements of the ADA and the Rehabilitation Act for transit providers. These requirements included "complementary" paratransit to destinations within 3/4 mile of all fixed routes (49 CFR 37.131) and submission of a plan for complying with complementary paratransit service regulations (49 CFR 37.135). Paratransit service

5538-512: The remaining strikers, reinstate most of the 200 strikers who were fired for alleged misconduct, and increase hourly pay for drivers to $ 16.55 from $ 13.83 by March 1998. In August 1991, Greyhound emerged from bankruptcy by which time it had shrunk its overall workforce to 7,900 employees from 12,000 pre-bankruptcy, and trimmed its fleet to 2,750 buses and 3,600 drivers. In August 1992, Greyhound canceled its bus terminal license (BTL) agreements with other carriers at 200 terminals, and imposed

5616-706: The requirement that Greyhound be the sole-seller of the tenant's bus tickets within a 25-mile radius of such a Greyhound terminal. In 1995, the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division brought suit to stop this practice, alleging that it was an illegal restraint of trade, bad for consumers, and reduced competition. In February 1996, the DOJ won its case, and Greyhound agreed to permit its tenants to sell tickets nearby and permit its tenants to honor interline tickets with competitors. Greyhound's total revenues in 1994 were $ 616 million. At that time,

5694-746: The service must be provided and managed. In the United States, paratransit service is now highly regulated and closely monitored for compliance with standards set by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA). As the ADA came into effect in 1992 (49 CFR 37.135), the FTA required transit systems in the United States to plan and begin implementing ADA compliant services, with full implementation by 1997 (49 CFR 37.139). During this period, paratransit demand and services rapidly expanded. This growth led to many new approaches to manage and provide these services. Computerized reservation, scheduling and dispatching for paratransit have also evolved substantially and are now arguably among

5772-430: The term is rarely used in the rest of the world. The more general meaning includes any transit service operating alongside conventional fixed-route services, including airport limousines and carpools . Since the early 1980s, particularly in North America, the term began to be used increasingly to describe the second meaning: special transport services for people with disabilities. In this respect, paratransit has become

5850-510: The transfer center from its location at Fourth Street and Church Street to a location closer to the St. Joseph River . This proposal would have seen the station initially moved to location fronting First Street on the block between Mill Street and Spring Street. This block had been home to a previous Transpo transfer center that had been opened in October 1978. Plans were for this site to potentially be

5928-455: The transport standards. Facilities already in operation at that time have between five and thirty years to comply with the standards." In some parts of the world, transportation services for the elderly and disabled are obtainable through share taxi options, often without formal government involvement. [REDACTED] The dictionary definition of paratransit at Wiktionary Greyhound Lines Greyhound Lines, Inc. ( Greyhound )

6006-559: Was finished in February 1993. In November 1993, the city of South Bend purchased land for the transit center. The $ 20.5 million facility received more than $ 13 million in federal funding by the start of 1997. With the new facility approved, on December 20, 1996, the South Bend Redevelopment Commission approved a proposal by Memorial Health Systems Inc. to build a 75,000 square foot (7,000 m) complex on

6084-629: Was the Yellow Coach PDG-4101, the Greyhound Silversides produced in 1940-1941. Production was suspended during World War II . When the "Silversides" buses resumed production in 1947, it was renamed GM PD 3751. PD 3751 production continued through 1948. In 1954, the first of Greyhound's distinctive hump-backed buses was introduced. In 1944, Loewy had produced drawings for the GM GX-1, a full double-decker parlor bus with

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