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58-500: NoordNed was established by Arriva and Nederlandse Spoorwegen , each having a 49% shareholding. In May 1999 it commenced operating regional train services on the Leeuwarden to Harlingen and Leeuwarden to Stavoren lines. It also operated rail services between Leeuwarden and Groningen on behalf of Nederlandse Spoorwegen. On 28 May 2000 it commenced operating services between Groningen and Nieuweschans , and Roodeschool under

116-507: A 51% shareholding Transportes Sul do Tejo, a scheduled bus and coach operator in the growing commuter region south of Lisbon . In September 2003, Arriva exercised an option to buy the remainder of the company. In May 2006, Arriva acquired a 21.5% share of leading transport company Barraqueiro , with bus and rail operations in and around Lisbon, increasing the shareholding in January 2008 to 31.5%. In December 2021, Arriva Portugal announced

174-453: A brand new car, full risk insurance and 24 hours assistance and is, in many ways, similar to a car rental. At the end of their stay, the car "owner" returns the car, and has nothing else to pay. Leasing a vehicle provides access to a vehicle that might otherwise be unaffordable as an outright purchase. Leasing may be beneficial if the plan is to change the vehicle at the end of the initial contract, rather than taking ownership. Vehicle leasing

232-424: A car and select a new model when the lease expires, allowing a consumer to drive a new vehicle every few years with no worries of having any negative equity upon turning their vehicle in unlike when one trades in a purchased vehicle after only 2 or 3 years of ownership. The lease vehicle is in theory always under factory warranty therefore the lessee doesn’t have to pay for repairs. A lessee does not have to worry about

290-566: A contract to operate trains from Dordrecht to Gorinchem and on to Geldermalsen ( MerwedeLingelijn ). In 2012, Arriva commenced operating trains in the Achterhoek and between Zwolle and Emmen ; these services operate under the Spurt brand. On 21 June 2013, Arriva was selected to operate a new service between The Hague and Brussels . Service was set to start in December 2015, but

348-583: A dealer's business model. Also, lessees have greater loyalty to the same vehicle manufacturer than do buyers. Leasing's average retail market penetration rate in the United States for new passenger vehicles reached an all-time record high of 26.5% in February 2014. This represents a recovery from a severe drop during the financial crisis of 2007–08 . As of 2016, leasing accounted for about 25 percent of total vehicle sales and 31 percent retail sales in

406-669: A five year concession. In December 2003, Arriva became the sole owner. In December 2005, NoordNed commenced operating 15 year contracts in Groningen and Friesland. In December 2005 the NoordNed brand was retired with all operations merged with Arriva's other Netherlands operations. [REDACTED] Media related to NoordNed at Wikimedia Commons Arriva Arriva plc is a British multinational public transport company headquartered in Sunderland , England. The company

464-555: A joint venture company with the Dutch state-owned passenger rail company Nederlandse Spoorwegen . In 2003, the company took full ownership of the former joint venture, opting to drop the NoordNed branding two years later. During 2005, Arriva was awarded a 15-year contract to operate trains from Groningen to Leeuwarden , Delfzijl , Roodeschool and Nieuweschans . It also secured a contract to operate trains from Leeuwarden to Harlingen Haven and to Stavoren . Later that year, it secured

522-542: A new contract, valued at €157.5 million per year, covering the extension of its operations in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship region for a further eight years, up until 2030. In November 2000, Arriva purchased João Carlos Soares e Filhos , Viação Costa & Lino Lda , Ami-Transportes and Abílio da Costa Moreira & C Lda who were running inter-urban local bus services in the north west of Portugal. During June 2002, Arriva bought

580-675: A personal lease contract allows them to have a fixed monthly payment that's subsidised by their employer, but also allows for a more flexible choice of vehicles than a rigid company car policy. This is not to be confused with salary sacrifice , in which employers offer car leasing to employees using their pre-tax income. Company lease vehicles are available in the Netherlands. Companies may lease vehicles to their employees for business trips. In some countries, companies may lease vehicles not just for their top managers , but rather all their employees (regardless on whether they actually need

638-654: A sale or possible public flotation and invited companies interested in acquiring it to register expressions of interest by 3 May; however, by mid-November, the sale had been reportedly placed on hold. In early 2023, reports again alleged that parent company Deutsche Bahn was considering options for spinning out Arriva to concentrate on its core German rail operations. During the following months, various portions of Arriva's operations on continental Europe have been sold to other companies, these disposals have largely focused on busin operations. In October 2023, Deutsche Bahn agreed terms to sell Arriva to I Squared Capital . The sale

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696-453: A subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn in August 2010. Arriva operates bus, coach, train, tram and waterbus services in 10 countries across Europe. As of November 2023, it employed 35,500 people and operated 1.5 billion passenger journeys annually. It operates as three divisions: UK Bus , UK Rail and Mainland Europe. Deutsche Bahn announced in 2019 that it wished to sell Arriva, but such a sale

754-592: A subsidy for it to continue. Four trains on the local Desná Railway, operated by Connex Morava (lately Veolia Transport Morava) since 2002, were taken over by Arriva Morava in July 2013. In March 2016, Arriva introduced a weekly service from Praha to Trenčín in Slovakia and daily service from Praha to Benešov . It has applied to increase this to twice daily from December 2016. In September 1997, Arriva purchased Unibus . During March 1999, Arriva Denmark expanded with

812-707: A transport group. In November 1997, the company was rebranded as Arriva p.lc. That same year, it also bought Unibus in Denmark, its first venture outside the United Kingdom. During June 1999, Arriva sold its vehicle-hire business to General Motors . In February 2000, Arriva purchased MTL Holdings , which included its first UK rail franchises, Merseyrail Electrics and Northern Spirit . Between 2002 and 2003, Arriva sold its motor-retailing businesses, furthermore, in February 2006, it also disposed of its vehicle-rental business to Northgate . During April 2008,

870-549: Is available to both businesses and individuals in the UK. The biggest difference between personal and business leases is that business leasing is VAT recoverable, so you can claim 100% of the VAT back if the vehicle is solely used for business use, or 50% if the car is used for both business and personal use. In addition, leasing a fully electric vehicle (EV) or very efficient Hybrid vehicle for work can offer zero-emissions tax savings. In

928-723: Is owned by German DB Mobility Logistics AG. In December 2006, Arriva purchased Transcentrum Bus, operating services in Mladá Boleslav District of the Central Bohemian Region , north east of Prague . In January 2007, Arriva acquired Bosák Bus, which operates to the south west of Prague and the Příbram District of the Central Bohemian Region. In November 2007, Arriva acquired Osnado, which operates bus and coach services in

986-445: Is owned by the Dutch company Arriva Coöperatie W.A. (majority of 99.9% since 2008). In July 2013, the current Veolia Transport Česká republika a.s. with its four subsidiary companies fell under Arriva group as Arriva Transport Česká republika a.s. The daughter companies were simultaneously renamed and rebranded as Arriva Praha s.r.o., Arriva Teplice s.r.o., Arriva Vychodni Cechy a.s. and Arriva Morava a.s. They operate primarily buses (it

1044-424: Is the leasing (or the use) of a motor vehicle for a fixed period of time at an agreed amount of money for the lease. It is commonly offered by dealers as an alternative to vehicle purchase but is widely used by businesses as a method of acquiring (or having the use of) vehicles for business, without the usually needed cash outlay. The key difference in a lease is that after the primary term (usually 2, 3 or 4 years)

1102-773: Is the biggest bus transport operator in the Czech Republic) but also trolleybuses in Teplice (Arriva Teplice) and Desná Railway (Arriva Morava). The two Arriva holdings in the Czech Republic have not any direct interconnection yet. Moreover, the Arriva group operated in the Czech Republic also through the German rail transport company Vogtlandbahn GmbH. The former Abellio companies Probo Bus and PT Real, purchased in December 2013, are owned by DB Czech Holding s.r.o. which

1160-696: The Grey-Green operation in London from the George Ewer Group. In 1984, T. Cowie p.l.c. acquired the Hanger Group, which included Interleasing, a large vehicle leasing business . Further leasing companies acquired were Marley Leasing, RoyScot Drive and Ringway Leasing. Following the retirement of Tom Cowie, the company was renamed Cowie Group plc during April 1994. As part of the privatisation of London bus services , Cowie Group acquired

1218-646: The LNWR train maintenance business in England was acquired. In 2010, it was reported that the government-owned railway companies of France ( SNCF ) and Germany ( Deutsche Bahn ) were considering making takeover bids for the business. SNCF subsidiary Keolis and Arriva entered discussions regarding a merger, however, in April 2010, Deutsche Bahn made a takeover offer for Arriva valued at £7.75 per share (£1.585 billion). During August 2010, Deutsche Bahn's takeover bid

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1276-576: The Leaside Buses and South London Transport business units in September 1994 and January 1995 respectively. Cowie Group also bought United Automobile Services and British Bus in July and August 1996, both of which had acquired a number of privatised bus companies. As a result of these transactions, in October 1996, Cowie Group was reclassified on the stock exchange from a motor dealer to

1334-583: The National Railway Company of Belgium to replace the existing service there. The resulting Three Countries Train will run from Liège-Guillemins to Aachen Hbf . The Province of Limburg awarded a contract in June 2015 to Arriva to provide for the entire public transport (buses and five regional rail lines) in Limburg from December 2016 up until 2031. Abellio has originally been named

1392-596: The Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta regions of northern Italy with an 80% shareholding in SADEM, increased to 100% in 2008. During 2006, Arriva purchased a 35% share in Trieste Trasporti, which increased to 40% in 2007. In June 2007, Arriva entered a joint venture with Ferrovie Nord Milano to purchase 49% of 317 bus SPT Linea, which was then renamed ASF Autolinee . This company manages local public transport in

1450-639: The Varde to Nørre Nebel line. In March 2012, Arriva was awarded an extension to this franchise through to June 2018. During 2003, Arriva began operating an eight-year contract to operate services in mid Jutland . In March 2009, Arriva was awarded an extension through to December 2018. At one point, Arriva operated 17% of all services on the Danish rail network. In 2000, Arriva began operating waterbuses in Copenhagen 's harbour. In May 2023 Arriva Denmark

1508-477: The 2022/23 UK tax year, company car tax for zero-emissions vehicles was as low as 2%. In the UK the leasing market has historically been dominated by businesses and fleet customers. In recent years however the market has shifted and now personal contracts have the biggest market share. This is largely influenced by increasing company car tax for drivers ( BIK ) and taxable allowances for businesses being affected by vehicle emissions. For company car users who opt out,

1566-567: The Czech Republic. German rail transport company Vogtlandbahn , owned by Arriva since 2004, operated several train routes in the Czech Republic as a subcontractor of České dráhy (München – Regensburg – Hof – Plzeň – Praha, line VB2 Zwickau – Plauen – Bad Brambach – Františkovy Lázně – Cheb – Mariánské Lázně, line VB8 Marktredwitz – Schirnding – Cheb) and GW Train Regio , formerly Viamont (line VB1 Zwickau – Klingenthal – Kraslice – Sokolov). Since December 2010, Vogtlandbahn operates under its own name

1624-716: The Slovak bus market with the purchase of an 80% share in Eurobus Invest, getting control over the SAD Nové Zámky and SAD Michalovce bus companies. In July 2015, it purchased SAD Liorbus and SAD Trnava. Coach services are operated under the Arriva Express brand. By November 2016, Arriva was employing 2,390 people and operated 1,335 buses. In the meantime, Arriva also bought the bus company Veolia transport Nitra. Vehicle leasing Vehicle leasing

1682-408: The UK as Contract Hire) can include all vehicle running costs excluding fuel and insurance. The actual lease payments are calculated in a very similar way to loan payments, but instead of an APR , the company uses something called the money factor . At the end of a lease's term, the lessee must either return the vehicle to or buy it from the owner. The end of lease price is usually agreed upon when

1740-402: The United Kingdom. During November 1997, the company was rebranded as Arriva. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, it disposed of its vehicle-hire and motor-retailing businesses. In February 2000, Arriva purchased MTL Holdings , which included its first UK rail franchises, Merseyrail Electrics and Northern Spirit . In April 2008, the LNWR train maintenance business was acquired. Arriva became

1798-414: The United States. The prevalence of leasing in the United States for GM , Ford and Chrysler has risen close to the industry norm after reaching low single digits in 2009, but is still lower than BMW and Mercedes-Benz . Lease agreements typically stipulate an early termination fee and limit the number of miles a lessee can drive (for passenger cars, a common number is 10,000 miles per annum though

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1856-582: The acquisition of Bus Danmark . In April 2001, Arriva acquired Denmark's largest bus operator, Combus , along with its 1,200 vehicles. In August 2004, Arriva purchased Wulff , which operated buses in Jutland and Copenhagen . In 2007, Arriva acquired Veolia Denmark , then Denmark's second largest bus operator with 640 buses. Arriva operates 50% of bus services in Copenhagen and 40% throughout Denmark. In mid-2002, Arriva began to operate services on

1914-442: The amount can be stipulated by the customer and can be 5,000 to 25,000 miles per year). If the mileage allowance is exceeded, fees may apply. Dealers will typically allow a lessee to negotiate a higher mileage allowance, for a higher lease payment. Lease agreements usually specify how much wear on the vehicle is allowable, and the lessee may face a fee if that amount of wear has been exceeded. A lease with maintenance (commonly known in

1972-420: The car for business trips, or even any company tasks). This adds to traffic congestion There are sometimes tax benefits (tax deductions and depreciation write-offs) to the employers by giving a car instead of a raise or a bonus. Transport and Environment has stated that Europe is subsidising pollution and climate change in this way. Alternatives such as remote work can (in certain cases) be used to reduce

2030-614: The city of Como . During 2008, it took control of Brescia -based SAIA Transporti . In January 1998, Arriva purchased Vancom Nederland , it was followed by Veonn & Hanze in December 1998. During June 1999, it formed a joint venture with Nederlandse Spoorwegen to operate bus services in Friesland ; four years later, Arriva took full ownership, after which it was renamed Arriva Openbaar Vervoer . In 2003, Arriva won further work in Drenthe and Province of Groningen . It

2088-624: The closure of its operation by the end of the year. In May 2013, Arriva entered the Serbian bus market with the purchase of Veolia Transport Central Europe (Veolia Transport Litas in Požarevac and Veolia Transport Luv in Belgrade ) with 250 buses. In January 2015, Arriva commenced operating bus services in Niš with 33 buses. In 2023, Arriva was rebranded as Mobilitas. In July 2008, Arriva entered

2146-774: The company's 225-strong bus fleet. The joint venture now operates under the VT-Arriva brand. In July 2002, Arriva purchased SAB Autoservizi and SAF – Società Autoservizi Friuli-Venezia Giulia operating in Lombardy , Liguria and Friuli-Venezia Giulia regions of northern Italy. During May 2004, Arriva expanded into the Udine area of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region via the purchase of 49% of 500 bus SAF; it exercised an option in December 2005 to increase its stake to 60%. In October 2005, Arriva began operating in

2204-539: The finance or leasing company maintaining and being ultimately responsible for the vehicle. Some companies, such as AutoTT , offer what is known as a short term car lease in Europe. This product aims to provide a car lease free of VAT to non-european residents, the car being registered under the customer's name. The program is 50 years old and started with the French car makers Renault, Peugeot and Citroën. The offer includes

2262-408: The future value of the vehicle, while a vehicle owner does. Almost all leases include a fixed purchase price at lease end so if the vehicle is worth more than the predicted value, the lessee can buy it but if it is worth less, the lessee can return it. For a business lessor there are tax advantages to be considered. The consumer lessee also pays less sales tax over the life of the lease than purchasing

2320-438: The lease is signed. Typically a leasing company will have a minimum length of lease such as 24 months up-to 60 months. Recently a new view on leasing is that the market has grown for short term lease called 'flexi-lease'. Flexi-lease is when a person can lease a new vehicle for 3 months and then choose to hand the car/van back or indeed extend the lease for another period. This is almost the same as van hire but typically involves

2378-565: The line Trilex (Liberec – Zittau – Varnsdorf – Rybniště/Seifhennersdorf). After Arriva was bought by Deutsche Bahn in 2010, Vogtlandbahn was resold to the Italian state railways Ferrovie dello Stato together with Luxembourg infrastructure fund Cube. Between September 2013 and December 2013, Arriva vlaky tried operating a commercial service from Praha Masarykovo nádraží to Kralupy nad Vltavou in competition with subsidised lines of České dráhy. The company did not succeed with its effort to gain

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2436-409: The name T. Cowie Limited. During 1948, the business was re-launched by Tom Cowie , the founder's son, still selling motorcycles. T Cowie plc was floated in December 1964, and in 1965 it bought out the first of many car dealerships. In 1972, it formed Cowie Contract Hire, which became the largest contract hire business in the UK. During 1980, T. Cowie made its first foray into bus operations, buying

2494-527: The north of Hradec Králové Region in East Bohemia, in the foothills of the Giant Mountains . The three bus companies retain their original names but with the Arriva corporate logo and livery. At the turn of 2014/2015, Bosák Bus s.r.o. was merged with Transcentrum Bus s.r.o. and Transcentrum Bus s.r.o. renamed to Arriva Střední Čechy s.r.o. In July 2013, [Veolia Transport] Česká republika a.s.

2552-465: The preferred bidder, but after it was discovered Abellio had gained some information that was not available to the other bidders, the contract was withdrawn. Another tenderer, Veolia , announced they will object to the decision of the province. During May 2013, Arriva entered the Polish bus market through its acquisition of Veolia Transport Central Europe along with its 840 buses. However, during

2610-419: The project was cancelled in 2014 because the involved parties could not agree upon a final business case and because NS reactivated the original service to Brussels, which made the new Arriva service unnecessary. During December 2016, Arriva acquired the majority of Limburg 's bus and train systems. In June 2024, a train of Arriva will be extended from Maastricht to Liège-Guillemins in cooperation with

2668-581: The purchase of the London -based Grey-Green operator in 1980. During 1984, it acquired the Hanger Group along with the vehicle leasing business Interleasing. In April 1994, the company was renamed Cowie Group. Months later, Cowie Group acquired the Leaside Buses and South London Transport business units amid the wider privatisation of London bus services . During 1997, it also bought the Denmark -based operator Unibus, becoming its first venture based outside

2726-511: The summer of 2023, the company divested its bus activities in Polish market. During December 2006, Arriva formed Arriva PCC , a joint venture with PCC Rail in December 2006. In December 2007, Arriva commenced operating services on all non-electrified lines in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship . In June 2010, Arriva took 100% ownership of the business and renamed it Arriva RP. During December 2010, Arriva RP

2784-401: The use of vehicles for transport between work and home, however, and a modal shift towards non-motorized transport (i.e. cycling , ...) can also help to curb pollution and traffic congestion. In instances where physical presence at the workplace is necessary, and non-motorized transport (cycling, ...) is not an option (i.e. too great a distance between home and work) and where public transport

2842-490: The vehicle has to either be returned to the leasing company or purchased for the residual value. Vehicle leasing offers advantages to both buyers and sellers. For the buyer, lease payments will usually be lower than payments on a car loan would be. In most states, any sales tax is due only on each monthly payment, rather than immediately on the entire purchase price as in the case of an instalment sale or loan. Some consumers may prefer leasing as it allows them to simply return

2900-463: The vehicle. For the seller, leasing generates income from a vehicle the seller (or manufacturing corporation or its finance subsidiary) still owns and will be able to lease again or sell through vehicle remarketing once the original (or primary) lease has expired. As consumers will typically use a leased vehicle for a shorter period of time than one they buy outright, leasing may generate repeat customers more quickly, which may fit into various aspects of

2958-759: Was approved by the European Commission , albeit conditional on the disposal of some Arriva services in Germany . The takeover took effect on 27 August 2010, and Arriva was delisted from the London Stock Exchange on 31 August 2010. In late 2011, Arriva acquired Grand Central and sold its Arriva Scotland West bus operation. In May 2013, Arriva purchased Veolia Transport 's Central European business with 3,400 vehicles. Arriva changed its logo in January 2018. In March 2019, DB announced that it would be selling Arriva through either

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3016-578: Was awarded a ten-year extension to its Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship activities. In December 2013, Arriva started operating trains on four electrified lines in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodship using 12 existing trains to serve roughly 50 railway stations for an initial period of two years. In September 2017, it was announced that Arriva RP had secured several open access paths in Poland. During October 2022, Arriva RP signed

3074-878: Was awarded further contracts in 2005 in Drenthe and Waterland and later in the Drechtsteden , Alblasserwaard , Rivierenland, Meierij , Oost-Brabant, and Vijfheerenlanden areas. During 2009, Arriva lost the contracts in Drenthe and Groningen upon retendering yet, in 2010, won a contract in Achterhoek and retained the Rivierenland contract. From December 2012, Arriva won the contract for South Holland North, around Leiden , Alphen aan den Rijn and Gouda and in Friesland around Leeuwarden . During December 2016, it acquired most of Limburg 's bus and train systems. During 1999, Arriva established NoordNed as

3132-809: Was completed in June 2024. In May 2013, Arriva entered the Croatian bus market with the purchase of Panturist Veolia Osijek ( Veolia Transport Central Europe) with 120 buses. In August 2017 Arriva took a 78.34% share in Autotrans Group (ATG); via this move, it became the number one private bus operator active in Croatia. Arriva group bought three medium-sized bus transport companies (Transcentrum Bus s.r.o., Bosák Bus s.r.o. and Osnado s.r.o.) in 2006 and 2007 end established its own rail transport company Arriva vlaky s.r.o. in 2009. These four companies are owned through Arriva holding Česká republika s.r.o. which

3190-476: Was originally established on 24 October 1938 as T Cowie Ltd. Initially focused on the sale of motorcycles , it relaunched shortly after the Second World War by Tom Cowie . During December 1964, the company was floated , it acquired its first car dealership months later. In 1972, the company established Cowie Contract Hire, a successful contract hire business. T. Cowie entered into bus operations via

3248-409: Was placed on hold as of November in that year. During the early 2020s, several of Arriva's continental European operations have been sold on. In October 2023, Deutsche Bahn agreed terms to sell Arriva to I Squared Capital with the transaction completed in June 2024. The company was founded by TSK Cowie in Sunderland in 1938. It was initially active as a second-hand motorcycle dealer and traded under

3306-599: Was purchased with its four subsidiary companies which were renamed Arriva Morava, Arriva Praha, Arriva Teplice and Arriva Východní Čechy. These four companies are owned by holding company Arriva Transport Česká republika. It also operates trolleybuses in Teplice (Arriva Teplice) and trains in Desná Railway (Arriva Morava). During December 2013, Abellio's Probo Bus and PT Real operations were purchased with 110 buses. As at November 2016, Arriva operated 1,960 buses in

3364-713: Was sold to the German investment fund Mutares . In December 2023 Arriva Denmark announced that they would rebrand as GoCollective during the course of 2024. In April 2008, Arriva purchased an 80% shareholding in Eurobus Invest, Hungary's largest private bus operator, which operates services in Hungary and Slovakia. In 2009, Arriva purchased the remaining 20%. Arriva is in a joint venture with Videoton Holding operating as VT Transman. During May 2013, VT Transman began operating two bus contracts in Budapest for eight years; this arrangement saw 150 Mercedes-Benz Citaros added to

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