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92-695: The neighborhood is walkable and upscale with cafes and restaurants, shopping, nightclubs, parks, and bars in close proximity. The Norma Triangle includes a small portion of the Sunset Strip and a large portion of "Boys' Town" a popular gay district on Santa Monica Blvd. It is also home to the Ticketmaster corporate headquarters, the largest employer in West Hollywood, as well as a number of IAC/InterActiveCorp subsidiaries, including Tinder and CityGrid Media. The Norma Triangle neighborhood

184-724: A "Writing (Motion Picture Story)" Oscar nomination for Smash-Up, the Story of a Woman (1947), starring Susan Hayward . After the United States entered the Second World War, Parker and Alexander Woollcott collaborated to produce an anthology of her work as part of a series published by Viking Press for servicemen stationed overseas. With an introduction by W. Somerset Maugham , the volume compiled over two dozen of Parker's short stories, along with selected poems from Enough Rope , Sunset Gun , and Death and Taxes . It

276-536: A 1,000-page dossier on her because of her suspected involvement in Communism during the era when Senator Joseph McCarthy was raising alarms about communists in government and Hollywood. As a result, movie studio bosses placed her on the Hollywood blacklist . Her final screenplay was The Fan , a 1949 adaptation of Oscar Wilde 's Lady Windermere's Fan , directed by Otto Preminger . Her marriage to Campbell

368-713: A 2,285 square-foot boutique hotel, restaurant, and cafe. The hotel plans to open in 2019 with six guest rooms on the second floor. A significant portion of the Norma Triangle neighborhood falls within the Hollywood Earthquake Fault Zone which runs from West Hollywood east to Atwater. According to WeHoVille, "In 2001, the City of West Hollywood identified two zones around the fault for which special rules were put in place for new development. Fault protection zone 1 includes land where an active fault

460-724: A bronze plaque marks the former site of her family house. In 2014, Parker was elected to the New Jersey Hall of Fame . Parker inspired a number of fictional characters in several plays of her day. These included "Lily Malone" in Philip Barry 's Hotel Universe (1932), "Mary Hilliard" (played by Ruth Gordon ) in George Oppenheimer's Here Today (1932), "Paula Wharton" in Gordon's 1944 play Over Twenty-one (directed by George S. Kaufman ), and "Julia Glenn" in

552-525: A collection titled Constant Reader . Her best-known short story, "Big Blonde", published in The Bookman , was awarded the O. Henry Award as the best short story of 1929. Her short stories, though often witty, were also spare and incisive, and more bittersweet than comic; her poetry has been described as sardonic. Parker eventually separated from her husband Edwin Parker, divorcing in 1928. She had

644-725: A contribution to global climate change . Further, cities that developed under guiding philosophies like walkability typically see lower levels of noise pollution in their neighborhoods. This goes beyond just making quieter communities to live, less noise pollution can also mean greater biodiversity. Studies have shown that noise pollution can disrupt certain senses that animals rely on to find food, reproduce, avoid predators, etc. which can weaken ecosystems in an already human dominated environment. Society depends on these ecosystem for many ecological services such as provisioning, regulation, cultural/tourism, and supporting services and any degradation of these services can go beyond just affecting

736-741: A decreased risk of heart-attacks . The World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research released a report that new developments should be designed to encourage walking, on the grounds that walking contributes to a reduction of cancer. A further justification for walkability is founded upon evolutionary and philosophical grounds, contending that gait is important to the cerebral development in humans. In addition, walkable neighborhoods have been linked to higher levels of happiness, health, trust, and social connections in comparison with more car-oriented places. In contrast to walkable environments, less walkable environments are associated with higher BMIs and higher rates of obesity. This

828-637: A depot at the Pacific Design Center site. After WWII, interior designers and decorators started moving into many of the single family homes when "furnishing showrooms that had historically only located downtown started to seek less expensive storefront space" along Robertson and Beverly Boulevards within West Hollywood. Within the Norma Triangle Neighborhood is the Single-Family (R1B) Zone. This zone encompasses

920-401: A field of possible relations between three primary functions that resonate with what economists have often called reproduction, production, and exchange (incorporating social exchange). They also identify primary relations between people and urban space – we become "residents", "workers", and "visitors", respectively, in different locations in everyday life. The key shift here lies in focusing on

1012-585: A guest) and Author, Author (as a regular panelist). She wrote for the Columbia Workshop , and both Ilka Chase and Tallulah Bankhead used her material for radio monologues. Parker died on June 7, 1967, of a heart attack at the age of 73. In her will, she bequeathed her estate to Martin Luther King Jr. , and upon King's death, to the NAACP . At the time of her death, she was living at

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1104-497: A household all influence walking travel. One of benefits of improving walkability is the decrease of the automobile footprint in the community. Carbon emissions can be reduced if more people choose to walk rather than drive or use public transportation, so proponents of walkable cities describe improving walkability as an important tool for adapting cities to climate change . The benefits of less emissions include improved health conditions and quality of life, less smog , and less of

1196-441: A large house), which are integrated throughout most walkable Pre-1940s neighborhoods, but became much less common after World War II, hence the term "missing." These housing types are often integrated into blocks with primarily single-family homes, to provide diverse housing choices and generate enough density to support transit and locally-serving commercial amenities. Auto-focused street design diminishes walking and needed "eyes on

1288-525: A lifelong commitment to activism began in 1927, when she became concerned about the pending executions of Sacco and Vanzetti . Parker traveled to Boston to protest the proceedings. She and fellow Round Tabler Ruth Hale were arrested, and Parker eventually pleaded guilty to a charge of "loitering and sauntering", paying a $ 5 fine. In February 1932, over a breakup with boyfriend John McClain, Parker attempted suicide by swallowing barbiturates. In 1932, Parker met Alan Campbell , an actor hoping to become

1380-473: A number of affairs, her lovers including reporter-turned-playwright Charles MacArthur and the publisher Seward Collins . Her relationship with MacArthur resulted in a pregnancy. Parker is alleged to have said, "how like me, to put all my eggs into one bastard”. She had an abortion, and fell into a depression that culminated in her first attempt at suicide. Toward the end of this period, Parker began to become more politically aware and active. What would become

1472-542: A number of unproduced projects until Campbell died from a drug overdose in 1963. Following Campbell's death, Parker returned to New York City and the Volney residential hotel. In her later years, she denigrated the Algonquin Round Table, although it had brought her such early notoriety: These were no giants. Think who was writing in those days— Lardner , Fitzgerald , Faulkner and Hemingway . Those were

1564-580: A party in 1932 and, despite a rocky start (Perelman called it "a scarifying ordeal"), they remained friends for the next 35 years. They became neighbors when the Perelmans helped Parker and Campbell buy a run-down farm in Bucks County, Pennsylvania , near New Hope , a popular summer destination among many writers and artists from New York. Parker was listed as a Communist by the anti-Communist publication Red Channels in 1950. The FBI compiled

1656-599: A reputation as a place for drug abuse and prostitution." The West Hollywood Elementary is the only public elementary school in WeHo, located at 970 North Hammond St. near Harratt. The First Baptist Church of Beverly Hills is located in the Norma Triangle neighborhood at 9025 Cynthia Street. It was "built by members of the Dutch Reform Church in the 1920s, the First Baptist is the only remaining church from

1748-409: A salty humor, rough with splinters of disillusion, and tarred with a bright black authenticity". Although some critics, notably The New York Times ' reviewer, dismissed her work as " flapper verse", the book helped Parker's reputation for sparkling wit. She released two more volumes of verse, Sunset Gun (1928) and Death and Taxes (1931), along with the short story collections Laments for

1840-941: A screenwriter. They married two years later in Raton, New Mexico . Campbell's mixed parentage was the reverse of Parker's: he had a German-Jewish mother and a Scottish father. She learned that he was bisexual and later proclaimed in public that he was "queer as a billy goat". The pair moved to Hollywood and signed ten-week contracts with Paramount Pictures , with Campbell (also expected to act) earning $ 250 per week and Parker earning $ 1,000 per week. They would eventually earn $ 2,000 and sometimes more than $ 5,000 per week as freelancers for various studios. She and Campbell "[received] writing credit for over 15 films between 1934 and 1941". In 1933, when informed that famously taciturn former president Calvin Coolidge had died, Parker remarked, "How could they tell?" In 1935, Parker contributed lyrics for

1932-693: A short story by Larry N Mayer, which was selected by writer Mary Gaitskill for the collection Best New American Voices 2009 (Harcourt). She has been portrayed on film and television by Dolores Sutton in F. Scott Fitzgerald in Hollywood (1976), Rosemary Murphy in Julia (1977), Bebe Neuwirth in Dash and Lilly (1999), and Jennifer Jason Leigh in Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle (1994). Neuwirth

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2024-402: A small-grain urban fabric is linked to a more mixed neighborhood, large grains also need because some functions rely on those large grains to become part of the mix. The social mix has to do with how a good city brings together people of different ages, abilities, ethnicities, and social classes. Cities are places where differences rub together in walkable public spaces, and this mix of differences

2116-465: A successful touring production. Some of Parker's most popular work was published in The New Yorker in the form of acerbic book reviews under the byline "Constant Reader". Her response to the whimsy of A. A. Milne 's The House at Pooh Corner was "Tonstant Weader fwowed up." Her reviews appeared semi-regularly from 1927 to 1933, were widely read, and were posthumously published in 1970 in

2208-446: A ten-story building on 10% of the site has the same floor area as a single-story building with 100% site coverage. Secondly, the measure of dwellings/hectare is common but particularly blunt. It depends on the functional mix, household size, and dwelling size in relation to building or population densities. Larger houses will produce higher building densities for the same population, and larger households will lead to higher populations for

2300-641: A true New Yorker. Parker's mother was of Scottish descent. Her father was the son of Sampson Jacob Rothschild (1818–1899) and Mary Greissman (b. 1824), both Prussian -born Jews . Sampson Jacob Rothschild was a merchant who immigrated to the United States around 1846, settling in Monroe County, Alabama . Dorothy's father was one of five known siblings: Simon (1854–1908); Samuel (b. 1857); Hannah (1860–1911), later Mrs. William Henry Theobald; and Martin, born in Manhattan on December 12, 1865, who perished in

2392-428: Is a correlation between the white exodus from racially mixed urban regions to more racially homogeneous suburban regions with the growth of an automobile-centric urban planning. Jane Jacobs ' classic book The Death and Life of Great American Cities remains one of the most influential books in the history of American city planning, especially concerning the future developments of the walkability concept. She coined

2484-598: Is a tool that some American cities, like Cincinnati , are employing to improve walkability. The COVID-19 pandemic gave birth to proposals for radical change in the organization of the city, in particular in Barcelona with the publication of the Manifesto for the Reorganisation of the city -written by architecture theorist Massimo Paolini- in which the elimination of the car and the consequent pedestrianization of

2576-412: Is also examined based on the surrounding built environment . Reid Ewing and Robert Cervero 's five D's of the built environment—density, diversity, design, destination accessibility, and distance to transit—heavily influence an area's walkability. Combinations of these factors influence an individual's decision to walk. Before cars and bicycles were mass-produced, walking was the main way to travel. It

2668-401: Is an essential concept of sustainable urban design . Factors influencing walkability include the presence or absence and quality of footpaths , sidewalks or other pedestrian rights-of-way , traffic and road conditions, land use patterns, building accessibility, and safety, among others. One proposed definition for walkability is: "The extent to which the built environment is friendly to

2760-489: Is dependent on destinations and geared to metropolitan access through public transit nodes. While DMA is based on walkability measures, popular " walk score " or "rate my street" websites offer more metrics to connect urban morphology with better environmental and health outcomes. Density is an interrelated assemblage of buildings, populations, and street life. It is a crucial property of walkability because it concentrates more people and places within walkable distances. There

2852-522: Is difficulty determining density due to populations oscillating from the suburbs to the urban center. Moreover, measures of density can differ dramatically for different morphologies and building typologies . Density may be conflated with building height, contributing to the confusion. The ratio between the floor area and the site area is generally known as the Floor Area Ratio (FAR, also called Plot Ratio and Floor Space Index). For example,

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2944-532: Is fundamental to the production of urban vitality. Again, there is no single index for mix in its impact on walkability. The concept is fundamentally relational, both between functions and the formal and social mix sustaining them. The access networks of a city enable and constrain pedestrian flows; it is the capacity or possibility to walk. Like density and mix, these are properties embodied in urban form and facilitate more efficient pedestrian flows. Access networks are also multi-modal and need to be understood from

3036-410: Is likely, and thus developers of new projects must conduct the fault rupture investigation. Fault protection zone 2 is an area less likely to contain a fault. Rather than conduct a fault rupture investigation in zone 2, a developer can reinforce a building’s foundation to protect it from an earthquake shake. The revised state map places lots on the north side of Sunset Boulevard from Londonderry Place on

3128-481: Is needed to find additional built environment factors in walkability indices. Walkability has also been found to have many socioeconomic benefits, including accessibility, cost savings both to individuals and to the public, student transport (which can include walking buses ), increased efficiency of land use, increased livability, economic benefits from improved public health, and economic development, among others. The benefits of walkability are best guaranteed if

3220-517: Is particularly true for the more car-dependent environments of US suburban sprawl. Compared to walking and biking, driving as a commuting option is associated with higher levels of obesity. There are well-established links between the design of an urban area (including its walkability and land use policy) and health outcomes for that community. Due to discrepancies between residents' health in inner city neighborhoods and suburban neighborhoods with similar walkability measures, further research

3312-718: Is represented by The Norma Triangle Neighborhood Watch with the main goals of creating a tight knit community, ensuring residents feel safe and secure, and voicing neighborhood concerns with the City Council members of West Hollywood . Past neighborhood events include the National Night Out block party. Contrary to some reports, Norma Place and the neighborhood is not named after silent film star Norma Talmadge . After extensive research, historians believe Norma Place and streets like Clark, Lloyd, Cynthia, Dicks, Hammond, and others "were named after senior executives of

3404-558: Is the accessibility of amenities by foot. It is based on the idea that urban spaces should be more than just transport corridors designed for maximum vehicle throughput. Instead, it should be relatively complete livable spaces that serve a variety of uses, users, and transportation modes and reduce the need for cars for travel. The term "walkability" was primarily invented in the 1960s due to Jane Jacobs' revolution in urban studies . In recent years, walkability has become popular because of its health, economic, and environmental benefits. It

3496-736: The Great Depression , she was among numerous American intellectuals and artists who became involved in related social movements. She reported in 1937 on the Loyalist cause in Spain for the Communist magazine New Masses . At the behest of Otto Katz , a covert Soviet Comintern agent and operative of German Communist Party agent Willi Münzenberg , Parker helped to found the Hollywood Anti-Nazi League in 1936, which

3588-700: The Hollywood blacklist . Dismissive of her own talents, she deplored her reputation as a "wisecracker". Nevertheless, both her literary output and reputation for sharp wit have endured. Some of her works have been set to music. Also known as Dot or Dottie, Parker was born Dorothy Rothschild in 1893 to Jacob Henry Rothschild and his wife Eliza Annie (née Marston) (1851–1898) at 732 Ocean Avenue in Long Branch , New Jersey . Parker wrote in her essay "My Home Town" that her parents returned from their summer beach cottage there to their Manhattan apartment shortly after Labor Day (September 4) so that she could be called

3680-574: The NAACP . Relatives called for the ashes to be moved to the family's plot in Woodlawn Cemetery , in the Bronx, where a place had been reserved for Parker by her father. On August 18, 2020, Parker's urn was exhumed. "Two executives from the N.A.A.C.P. spoke, and a rabbi who had attended her initial burial said Kaddish ." On August 22, 2020, Parker was re-buried privately in Woodlawn, with

3772-650: The 1935 Broadway musical Jubilee , which have been retained in the standard interpretation of the song as part of the Great American Songbook . Parker is a character in the novel The Dorothy Parker Murder Case by George Baxt (1984), in a series of Algonquin Round Table Mysteries by J. J. Murphy (2011– ), and in Ellen Meister 's novel Farewell, Dorothy Parker (2013). She is the main character in "Love For Miss Dottie",

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3864-704: The Algonquin Hotel's being designated in 1987 as a New York City Historic Landmark. In 1996, the hotel was designated as a National Literary Landmark by the Friends of Libraries USA, based on the contributions of Parker and other members of the Round Table. The organization's bronze plaque is attached to the front of the hotel. Parker's birthplace at the Jersey Shore was also designated a National Literary Landmark by Friends of Libraries USA in 2005 and

3956-1007: The FBI suspected of being a Communist Party front. The League's membership eventually grew to around 4,000. According to David Caute , its often wealthy members were "able to contribute as much to [Communist] Party funds as the whole American working class", although they may not have been intending to support the Party cause. Parker also chaired the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee 's fundraising arm, "Spanish Refugee Appeal". She organized Project Rescue Ship to transport Loyalist veterans to Mexico, headed Spanish Children's Relief, and lent her name to many other left-wing causes and organizations. Her former Round Table friends saw less and less of her, and her relationship with Robert Benchley became particularly strained (although they would reconcile). Parker met S. J. Perelman at

4048-661: The Kaufman– Moss Hart collaboration Merrily We Roll Along (1934). Kaufman's representation of her in Merrily We Roll Along led Parker, once his Round Table compatriot, to despise him. She also was portrayed as "Daisy Lester" in Charles Brackett 's 1934 novel Entirely Surrounded . She is mentioned in the original introductory lyrics in Cole Porter 's song " Just One of Those Things " from

4140-742: The Living (1930) and After Such Pleasures (1933). Not So Deep as a Well (1936) collected much of the material previously published in Rope, Gun, and Death ; and she re-released her fiction with a few new pieces in 1939 as Here Lies . Parker collaborated with playwright Elmer Rice to create Close Harmony, which ran on Broadway in December 1924. The play was well received in out-of-town previews and favorably reviewed in New York, but it closed after only 24 performances. As The Lady Next Door , it became

4232-594: The Los Angeles Pacific Railroad Company, owned by Moses Sherman and Eli P. Clark, who built the streets, or their spouses or children." Moses Sherman founded the town of Sherman where many rail lines merged and streetcar barns were housed. Sherman was subsequently renamed to West Hollywood. Homes in the area were built in the early 1900s for the people who worked for the Los Angeles Pacific Railway , which had

4324-527: The NAACP claimed Parker's remains and designed a memorial garden for them outside its Baltimore headquarters. The plaque read: Here lie the ashes of Dorothy Parker (1893–1967) humorist, writer, critic. Defender of human and civil rights. For her epitaph she suggested, 'Excuse my dust'. This memorial garden is dedicated to her noble spirit which celebrated the oneness of humankind and to the bonds of everlasting friendship between black and Jewish people. Dedicated by

4416-589: The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. October 28, 1988. In early 2020, the NAACP moved its headquarters to downtown Baltimore and how this might affect Parker's ashes became the topic of much speculation, especially after the NAACP formally announced it would later move to Washington, D.C. The NAACP restated that Parker's ashes would ultimately be where her family wished. "It’s important to us that we do this right," said

4508-525: The Town of Sherman... was officially designated an Historic Site in 1993 by the City of West Hollywood." 9091 Santa Monica Blvd. Built in 1924, this building "once housed a drug store and many other businesses over the years. It is unique in that it had second floor apartments, something that was rare for buildings of that period." The building had been vacant for over 25 years before being bought by developer Taylor Megdal of Megdal and Associates to upgrade it into

4600-435: The Volney residential hotel on East 74th Street. Following her cremation, Parker's ashes were unclaimed for several years. Finally, in 1973, the crematorium sent them to her lawyer's office; by then he had retired, and the ashes remained in his colleague Paul O'Dwyer 's filing cabinet for about 17 years. In 1988, O'Dwyer brought this to public attention, with the aid of celebrity columnist Liz Smith ; after some discussion,

4692-785: The Winding Road Theater Ensemble. She reprised the role at the Live Theatre Workshop in Tucson in 2014. The play was selected to be part of the Capital Fringe Festival in DC in 2010. In 2018, American drag queen Miz Cracker played Parker in the celebrity-impersonation game show episode of the Season 10 of Rupaul's Drag Race . In the 2018 film Can You Ever Forgive Me? (based on

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4784-456: The aesthetic of a neighborhood or community but can have serious implications for livability and wellbeing on entire regions. Cities that have a relatively high walkability score also tend to have a higher concentration of green spaces which facilitate a more walkable city. These green spaces can assist in regulatory ecological services such as flooding, improving the quality of both air and water, carbon sequestration, etc. all while also improving

4876-658: The appeal of suicide. The next 15 years were Parker's period of greatest productivity and success. In the 1920s alone she published some 300 poems and free verses in Vanity Fair, Vogue, "The Conning Tower" and The New Yorker as well as Life , McCall's and The New Republic . Her poem "Song in a Minor Key" was published during a candid interview with New York N.E.A. writer Josephine van der Grift . Parker published her first volume of poetry, Enough Rope, in 1926. It sold 47,000 copies and garnered impressive reviews. The Nation described her verse as "caked with

4968-566: The area south of Vista Grande Street, west of Hilldale Avenue, the houses along and north of Lloyd Street, and east of Doheny Drive. The zone "boasts an eclectic mix of one- and two-story buildings in a wide range of styles and eras. These include Hollywood Regency homes, French eclectic, Spanish revival , contemporary modern, and traditional homes." The City of West Hollywood adopted the Norma Triangle Single-Family Design Guidelines in 2017 with

5060-481: The areas of a metropolis which can be reached from a given starting point, in a given amount of travel time. Such maps are useful for evaluating how well-connected a given address is to other possible urban destinations, or conversely, how large a territory can quickly get to a given address. The calculation of transit time maps is computationally intensive , and considerable work is being done on more efficient algorithms for quickly producing such maps. To be useful,

5152-751: The atmosphere in which Parker grew up was indulgent, affectionate, supportive and generous. Parker grew up on the Upper West Side and attended a Roman Catholic elementary school at the Convent of the Blessed Sacrament on West 79th Street with her sister, Helen, and classmate Mercedes de Acosta . Parker once joked that she was asked to leave following her characterization of the Immaculate Conception as " spontaneous combustion ". Her stepmother died in 1903, when Parker

5244-462: The attractiveness of the city or town in which it's implemented in. Many communities have embraced pedestrian mobility as an alternative to older building practices that favor automobiles. This shift includes a belief that dependency on cars is ecologically unsustainable. Automobile-oriented environments engender dangerous conditions for motorists and pedestrians and are generally bereft of aesthetics. A type of zoning called Form-based coding

5336-685: The average time it has taken American commuters to get to work has actually increased from 25 minutes in 2006 to 27.6 minutes in 2019, so much is still to be done if walkability is to be realized and a lessened reliance on cars comes into fruition. Walkability indices have been found to correlate with both lower Body Mass Index (BMI) and high levels of physical activity of local populations. Physical activity can prevent chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease , diabetes , hypertension , obesity , depression , and osteoporosis . Thus for instance, an increase in neighborhood Walk Score has linked with both better Cardio metabolic risk profiles and

5428-492: The corners of the triangle – the dysfunctional parts of cities where one can- not walk between living, work, and visiting functions. While the functional mix is crucial to any approach to walkability, it is important to note here that function is itself but one dimension of the urban mix, including the formal and social mix. A formal mix emerges from how a city produces different plot sizes, which are linked to different building styles, floor plate sizes, and building heights. While

5520-415: The diversity of people, and especially the presence of children, seniors and people with disabilities, denotes the quality, completeness and health of a walkable space. A number of commercial walkability scores also exist: A newly developing concept is the transit time map (sometimes called a transit shed map), which is a type of isochrone map . These are maps (often online and interactive) that display

5612-511: The east by North Hilldale Avenue." With many of the original homes built in the 1920s during the beginning of Hollywood and with many workers (e.g. actors, set designers, directors) from the studios living in the area, Norma Triangle is mentioned in books about Hollywood's history. Under The Rainbow: An Intimate Memoir of Judy Garland, Rick Hudson & My Life in Old Hollywood by John Carlyle (2006) "The first time I saw John Carlyle

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5704-520: The editor Harold Ross , the novelist Edna Ferber , the reporter Heywood Broun , and the comedian Harpo Marx . Through their publication of her lunchtime remarks and short verses, particularly in Adams' column "The Conning Tower", Parker began developing a national reputation as a wit. Parker's caustic wit as a critic initially proved popular, but she was eventually dismissed by Vanity Fair on January 11, 1920, after her criticisms had too often offended

5796-482: The entire system of public corridors is walkable - not limited to certain specialized routes. More sidewalks and increased walkability can promote tourism and increase property value. In recent years, the demand for housing in a walkable urban context has increased. The term " Missing Middle Housing " as coined by Daniel Parolek of Opticos Design, Inc., refers to multi-unit housing types (such as duplexes, fourplexes, bungalow courts, and mansion apartments not bigger than

5888-576: The interdependencies between density, mix, and access in synergy. The urban DMA (Density, Mix, Access) is a set of synergies between the ways cities concentrate people and buildings, how they mix different people and activities, and the access networks used to navigate through them. These factors cannot be taken singularly. Rather than an ideal functional mix, there is a mix of mixes and interdependencies between formal, social, and functional mixes. Likewise, walk-able access cannot be reduced to any singular measure of connectivity, permeability, or catchment but

5980-404: The mix rather than their functions. Such mapping offers an empirical understanding of the mix that enables us to expose different kinds and levels of a mix. It is tempting to construct an index for an ideal mix measured by the degree of lightness as the mix approaches the center of the triangle. However, we suggest that the best cities comprise a mix of mixes. Our attention should focus instead on

6072-481: The nine-bungalow complex in 2013 and after a "six-year renovation estimated to have cost $ 50 million" opened it up in 2019 as a private clubhouse. Renovations included moving one of the bungalows built circa 1899 to a location across the street and converting it to Hotel 850. Prior to the renovations, the bungalows were known as the San Vicente Inn and "operated as a “clothing-optional” gay resort and developed

6164-866: The perspective of those who choose between modes of walking, cycling, public transport, and cars. Public transport trips are generally coupled with walkable access to the transit stop. Walking will primarily be chosen for up to 10 minutes if it is the fastest mode and other factors are equal. Walking has the advantage that it is a much more predictable trip time than public transport or cars, where we have to allow for delays caused by poor service, congestion, and parking. Major infrastructural factors include access to mass transit , presence and quality of footpaths , buffers to moving traffic (planter strips, on-street parking or bike lanes ) and pedestrian crossings , aesthetics , nearby local destinations, air quality, shade or sun in appropriate seasons, street furniture , traffic volume and speed. and wind conditions. Walkability

6256-487: The playwright–producer David Belasco , the actor Billie Burke , the impresario Florenz Ziegfeld , and others. Benchley resigned in protest. (Sherwood is sometimes reported to have done so too, but in fact had been fired in December 1919. ) Parker soon started working for Ainslee's Magazine , which had a higher circulation. She also published pieces in Vanity Fair, which was happier to publish her than employ her, The Smart Set , and The American Mercury , but also in

6348-497: The popular Ladies’ Home Journal , Saturday Evening Post , and Life . When Harold Ross founded The New Yorker in 1925, Parker and Benchley were part of a board of editors he established to allay the concerns of his investors. Parker's first piece for the magazine was published in its second issue. She became famous for her short, viciously humorous poems, many highlighting ludicrous aspects of her many (largely unsuccessful) romantic affairs and others wistfully considering

6440-562: The possibility of a more public ceremony later. "Her legacy means a lot," added representatives from the NAACP. On August 22, 1992, the 99th anniversary of Parker's birth, the United States Postal Service issued a 29¢ U.S. commemorative postage stamp in the Literary Arts series. The Algonquin Round Table, as well as the number of other literary and theatrical greats who lodged at the hotel, contributed to

6532-456: The presence of people living, shopping, visiting, enjoying or spending time in an area". A study attempted to comprehensively and objectively measure subjective qualities of the urban street environment. Using ratings from an expert panel, it was possible to measure five urban design qualities in terms of physical characteristics of streets and their edges: imageability , enclosure, human scale , transparency and complexity. Walkability relies on

6624-430: The production of a transit time map must take into consideration detailed transit schedules , service frequency , time of day, and day of week. Moreover, the recent development of computer vision and street view imagery has provided significant potential to automatically assess spaces for pedestrians from the ground level. Dorothy Parker Dorothy Parker (née Rothschild ; August 22, 1893 – June 7, 1967)

6716-502: The purpose of managing change, protecting distinctive characteristics of the neighborhood, and allowing flexibility in design creativity. Lloyd Wright Home and Studio located at 858 Doheny Drive. The home and studio was designed by and constructed for Lloyd Wright in 1927. Wright, eldest son of noted architect Frank Lloyd Wright, lived and worked from the location from 1927 until his death in 1978. The San Vicente Bungalows located at 845 San Vicente Blvd. The famed hotelier Jeff Klein bought

6808-448: The real giants. The Round Table was just a lot of people telling jokes and telling each other how good they were. Just a bunch of loudmouths showing off, saving their gags for days, waiting for a chance to spring them ... There was no truth in anything they said. It was the terrible day of the wisecrack, so there didn't have to be any truth ... Parker occasionally participated in radio programs, including Information Please (as

6900-440: The same number of dwellings. In functionally mixed neighborhoods, housing will be just one component of the mix and therefore not a measure of building or population density. The census -based density of residents/hectare is another common measure, but it does not include those who work there. Functional mix, like density, shortens the distances between wherever we are and where we need to be. The live/work/visit triangle constructs

6992-689: The sinking of the Titanic in 1912. Her mother died in Manhattan in July 1898, a month before Parker's fifth birthday. Her father remarried in 1900 to Eleanor Frances Lewis (1851–1903), a Protestant. Dorothy Herrmann claimed that Parker hated her father, who allegedly physically abused her, and her stepmother, whom she refused to call "mother", "stepmother", or "Eleanor", instead referring to her as "the housekeeper". However, her biographer Marion Meade refers to this account as "largely false", stating that

7084-543: The song " I Wished on the Moon ", with music by Ralph Rainger . The song was introduced in The Big Broadcast of 1936 by Bing Crosby . With Campbell and Robert Carson , she wrote the script for the 1937 film A Star Is Born , for which they were nominated for an Academy Award for Best Writing—Screenplay. She wrote additional dialogue for The Little Foxes in 1941. Together with Frank Cavett , she received

7176-517: The street" provided by the steady presence of people in an area. Walkability increases social interaction, mixing of populations, the average number of friends and associates where people live, reduced crime (with more people walking and watching over neighborhoods, open space and main streets), increased sense of pride, and increased volunteerism. Socioeconomic factors contribute to willingness to choose walking over driving. Income, age, race, ethnicity, education, household status, and having children in

7268-442: The terms " social capital ", "mixed primary uses", and "eyes on the street", which were adopted professionally in urban design, sociology, and many other fields. While there has been a push towards better walkability in cities in recent years, there are still many obstacles that need to be cleared to achieve more complete and cohesive communities where residents won't have to travel as far to get to where they need to go. For example,

7360-501: The walkability of a block, corridor or neighborhood is to count the number of people walking, lingering and engaging in optional activities within a space. This process is a vast improvement upon pedestrian level of service (LOS) indicators, recommended within the Highway Capacity Manual . However it may not translate well to non-Western locations where the idea of "optional" activities may be different. In any case,

7452-465: The west to Sweetzer Avenue on the east in the “fault rupture investigation” zone. Further west, the revised state map now includes lots on the south side of Sunset between Hammond Street and San Vicente Boulevard. In the Norma Triangle neighborhood, the state map also extends the FP1 zone over Cynthia Avenue, adding the area bordered on the south by West Vista Grande Street, on the west by Doheny Drive and on

7544-479: The whole city is one of the critical elements, as well as the proposed inversion of the concept of the sidewalk . There are several ways to make a community more walkable: One way of assessing and measuring walkability is to undertake a walking audit . An established and widely used walking audit tool is PERS (Pedestrian Environment Review System) which has been used extensively in the UK. A simple way to determine

7636-650: Was an American poet and writer of fiction, plays and screenplays based in New York; she was known for her caustic wisecracks, and eye for 20th-century urban foibles. Parker rose to acclaim, both for her literary works published in magazines, such as The New Yorker , and as a founding member of the Algonquin Round Table . Following the breakup of the circle, Parker traveled to Hollywood to pursue screenwriting . Her successes there, including two Academy Award nominations, were curtailed when her involvement in left-wing politics resulted in her being placed on

7728-474: Was at dusk on Norma Place in Los Angeles in the early ‘60s, just as the sun had faded and night was about to take over. I had been visiting a friend who had recently moved to the area, not far from where I lived on Hammond. But where is my street was like thousand others in the area, Norma Place had personality. It was a street where one expected to see colorful, eccentric, theatrical people, a place where it

7820-678: Was hired as an editorial assistant for Vogue , another Condé Nast magazine. She moved to Vanity Fair as a staff writer after two years at Vogue. In 1917, she met a Wall Street stockbroker , Edwin Pond Parker II (1893–1933) and they married before he left to serve in World War I with the U.S. Army 4th Division. She filed for divorce in 1928. Dorothy retained her married name Parker, though she remarried to Alan Campbell , screenwriter and former actor, in 1934, and moved to Hollywood. Parker's career took off in 1918 while she

7912-552: Was nine. Parker later attended Miss Dana's School , a finishing school in Morristown, New Jersey . She graduated in 1911, at the age of 18, according to Kinney, just before the school closed, although Rhonda Pettit and Marion Meade state she never graduated from high school. Following her father's death in 1913, she played piano at a dancing school to earn a living while she worked on her poetry. She sold her first poem to Vanity Fair magazine in 1914 and some months later

8004-427: Was nominated for an Emmy Award for her performance, and Leigh received a number of awards and nominations, including a Golden Globe nomination. Television creator Amy Sherman-Palladino named her production company ' Dorothy Parker Drank Here Productions ' in tribute to Parker. Tucson actress Lesley Abrams wrote and performed the one-woman show Dorothy Parker's Last Call in 2009 in Tucson, Arizona, presented by

8096-517: Was published in the United States in 1944 as The Portable Dorothy Parker . Hers is one of three volumes in the Portable series, including volumes devoted to William Shakespeare and the Bible, that had remained in continuous print as of 1976. During the 1930s and 1940s, Parker became an increasingly vocal advocate of civil liberties and civil rights and a frequent critic of authority figures. During

8188-642: Was readily evident that you weren’t in Kansas anymore.” Dorothy Parker , an American poet, writer, critic, wit, and satirist. She lived with her husband Alan Campbell at 8983 Norma Place from 1957 to 1963. Alan K. Campbell , an American writer, stage actor, and screenwriter. Dolly Parton , singer song-writer. She lived in 9060 Harland Ave. Natalie Wood , American actress. She lived in 9060 Harland Av. 34°05′15″N 118°23′08″W  /  34.0876°N 118.3856°W  / 34.0876; -118.3856 Walkability In urban planning , walkability

8280-560: Was tempestuous, with tensions exacerbated by Parker's increasing alcohol consumption and Campbell's long-term affair with a married woman in Europe during World War II . They divorced in 1947, remarried in 1950, then separated in 1952 when Parker moved back to New York. From 1957 to 1962, she wrote book reviews for Esquire . Her writing became increasingly erratic owing to her continued abuse of alcohol. She returned to Hollywood in 1961, reconciled with Campbell, and collaborated with him on

8372-581: Was the only way to get from place to place for much of human history. In the 1920s, economic growth led to increased automobile manufacturing. Cars were also becoming more affordable, leading to the rise of the automobile during the Post–World War II economic expansion . The detrimental effects of automobile emissions soon led to public concern over pollution. Alternatives, including improved public transportation and walking infrastructure, have attracted more attention from planners and policymakers. There

8464-519: Was writing theater criticism for Vanity Fair, filling in for the vacationing P. G. Wodehouse . At the magazine, she met Robert Benchley , who became a close friend, and Robert E. Sherwood . The trio began lunching at the Algonquin Hotel almost daily and became founding members of what became known as the Algonquin Round Table . This numbered among its members the newspaper columnists Franklin P. Adams and Alexander Woollcott , as well as

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