131-552: 1500 Broadway (also known as Times Square Plaza ) is an office building on Times Square in Midtown Manhattan , New York City, United States. Completed in 1972 by Arlen Realty & Development Corporation , the 33-story building is 392 feet (119 meters) tall. The building replaced the Hotel Claridge and occupies an entire block front on the east side of Broadway between 43rd Street and 44th Street. The facade
262-424: A Broadway address, it is actually on the east side of Seventh Avenue . The section of Broadway and Seventh Avenue between 43rd and 45th Streets is officially listed on city maps as "Times Square", but the adjoining section of Broadway was converted into a permanent pedestrian plaza in the 2010s. 1500 Broadway's rectangular land lot is bounded by Times Square to the west, 44th Street to the north, and 43rd Street to
393-441: A contract with Disney, officials from the city and state evicted the pornographic theaters and contracted with Madame Tussauds and AMC Theatres to move onto 42nd Street. This spurred the construction of new office towers, hotels, and tourist attractions in the area. Prudential and Klein dissolved their partnership for the four office-building sites at Times Square's southern end in 1996. The same year, Douglas Durst acquired
524-482: A cultural hub full of theatres, music halls , and upscale hotels. Times Square quickly became New York's agora , a place to gather to await great tidings and to celebrate them, whether a World Series or a presidential election. Advertising also grew significantly in the 1920s, growing from $ 25 million to $ 85 million over the decade. For example, the Wrigley Spearmint Gum sign, possibly
655-500: A fact, for then some day I would meet Strindberg". When Winther objected that "that would scarcely be enough to justify immortality", O'Neill answered quickly and firmly: "It would be enough for me". After a ten-year pause, O'Neill's now-renowned play The Iceman Cometh was produced in 1946. The following year's A Moon for the Misbegotten failed, and it was decades before coming to be considered as among his best works. He
786-514: A low entertainment district. The first theater on the square, the Olympia , was built by cigar manufacturer and impresario Oscar Hammerstein I . According to Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898 , "By the early 1890s this once sparsely settled stretch of Broadway was ablaze with electric light and thronged by crowds of middle- and upper-class theatre, restaurant and cafe patrons." In 1904, New York Times publisher Adolph S. Ochs moved
917-447: A mass yoga event involving up to 15,000 people. Tim Tompkins, a co-founder of the event, said part of its appeal was "finding stillness and calm amid the city rush on the longest day of the year". Architect Mark Foster Gage proposed and designed the original Times Square Valentine's Day heart in 2009. Since then, designing the heart has become an annual competition. In February 2011, Times Square became smoke-free as New York extended
1048-519: A massive crowd celebrated Victory in Europe Day in Times Square; and on August 15, 1945, the largest crowd in the history of Times Square gathered to celebrate Victory over Japan Day , reaching an estimated two million. The victory itself was announced by a headline on the "zipper" news ticker at One Times Square , which read "OFFICIAL ***TRUMAN ANNOUNCES JAPANESE SURRENDER ***". From
1179-663: A million visitors to Times Square every year, in addition to a worldwide audience of one billion or more on various digital media platforms. Times Square, specifically the intersection of Broadway and 42nd Street, is the eastern terminus of the Lincoln Highway , the first road across the United States for motorized vehicles. Times Square is sometimes referred to as "the Crossroads of the World" and "the heart of
1310-500: A minimum limit for lighting instead of the standard maximum limit. The density of illuminated signs in Times Square rivals that in Las Vegas . Officially, signs in Times Square are called "spectaculars", and the largest of them are called " jumbotrons ". This signage ordinance was implemented in accordance with guidelines set in a revitalization program that New York Governor Mario Cuomo implemented in 1993. Notable signage includes
1441-644: A new entrance on 43rd Street with a portico made of stainless steel and black granite. When the Walt Disney Company built the Times Square Studios within the lowest part of the building in the late 1990s, a curving, 4,000-square-foot (370 m) screen was placed on the northwest corner of the building. The facade also features a pair of curving news tickers , as well as a 585-square-foot (54.3 m) screen overlooking Broadway and Seventh Avenue. Unlike other buildings on Times Square,
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#17327825830811572-419: A pole atop the building, marking the start of the new year. It replaced a lavish fireworks display from the top of the building that was held from 1904 to 1906 but stopped by city officials because of the danger of fire. Beginning in 1908, and for more than eighty years thereafter, Times Square sign maker Artkraft Strauss was responsible for the ball-lowering. During World War II, a minute of silence, followed by
1703-686: A rare form of brain deterioration unrelated to either alcohol use or Parkinson's disease. In Warren Beatty 's 1981 film Reds , O'Neill is portrayed by Jack Nicholson , who was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance. George C. White founded the Eugene O'Neill Theatre Center in Waterford, Connecticut in 1964. Eugene O'Neill is a member of the American Theater Hall of Fame . O'Neill
1834-553: A recording of church bells pealing, replaced the ball drop because of wartime blackout restrictions. Today, Countdown Entertainment and One Times Square handle the New Year's Eve event in conjunction with the Times Square Alliance. A new energy-efficient LED ball debuted for the arrival of 2008, which was the centennial of the Times Square ball drop. The 2008–09 ball is larger and has become a permanent installation as
1965-458: A reputation as a dangerous and seedy neighborhood in the following decades. Nevertheless, Times Square continued to be the site of the annual ball drop on New Year's Eve . The ball drop was placed on hiatus for New Year's Eve in 1942 and 1943 due to lighting restrictions during World War II , replaced by a moment of silence that was observed at midnight in Times Square, accompanied by the sound of chimes played from sound trucks. On May 8, 1945,
2096-455: A series of vertical light tubes on the facade, which stretched from a third-floor chandelier outside the building, spanning the length of the marquee, to another third-floor chandelier. According to the movie theater's architect Drew Eberson, this was intended to give the impression that the theater was "opening its arms to Broadway". The lowest four stories of the facade were renovated in the late 1980s, when Clark Tribble Harris & Li designed
2227-491: A shoe shop, itself replaced the Barrett House hotel, where playwright Eugene O'Neill was born. The structure was built as a joint venture between Arlen Realty and Development Corporation and National General Corporation . It was designed by the firm of Leo Kornblath & Associates and is 33 stories high. The building contains 460,000 square feet (43,000 m) of space, of which 360,000 square feet (33,000 m)
2358-450: A source of controversy in the summer of 2015 because of a large number of complaints about the topless women and panhandling characters. Although neither of these activities are illegal, opponents believed that the panhandlers' presence was detrimental to the quality of life in the area. There were calls from Police Commissioner Bratton and Mayor Bill de Blasio to remove the plaza, although Manhattan Borough President Gale Brewer opposed
2489-558: A successful writer of commercial fiction, and they married on April 12, 1918. They lived in a home owned by her parents in Point Pleasant, New Jersey , after their marriage. The years of their marriage—during which the couple lived in Connecticut and Bermuda and had two children, Shane and Oona —are described vividly in her 1958 memoir Part of a Long Story . They divorced on July 2, 1929, after O'Neill abandoned Boulton and
2620-605: A tiny hamlet, Great Kill, that became a center for carriage-making, as the upland to the south and east became known as Longacre. Before and after the American Revolution , the area belonged to John Morin Scott , a general of the New York militia , in which he served under George Washington . Scott's manor house was at what is currently 43rd Street, surrounded by countryside used for farming and breeding horses. In
2751-485: A trial until at least the end of the year. The same was done in Herald Square from 33rd to 35th Street. The results were to be closely monitored to determine if the project was successful and should be extended. Bloomberg also stated that he believed the street shutdown would make New York more livable by reducing pollution, cutting down on pedestrian-vehicle accidents, and helping traffic flow more smoothly through
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#17327825830812882-962: A wistful re-imagining of his youth as he wished it had been. O'Neill was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1935. In 1936, O'Neill received the Nobel Prize in Literature after he had been nominated that year by Henrik Schück , member of the Swedish Academy . O'Neill was profoundly influenced by the work of Swedish writer August Strindberg , and upon receiving the Nobel Prize, dedicated much of his acceptance speech to describing Strindberg's influence on his work. In conversation with Russel Crouse , O'Neill said that "the Strindberg part of
3013-464: A year-round attraction, being used for celebrations on days such as Valentine's Day and Halloween . The New Year's Eve celebrations are usually overseen by thousands of police officers. Aluminum barriers are erected to accommodate spectators; for the 2020 celebration, attended by a million people, barriers were erected from 38th to 59th Street and from Sixth to Eighth Avenue. Typically, the celebrations create large amounts of waste. The waste includes
3144-442: Is a busy intersection of art and commerce, where scores of advertisements – electric, neon and illuminated signs and "zipper" news crawls – vie for viewers' attention. Notable examples include: Major buildings on or near Times Square "Numbered" Times Square buildings Eugene O%27Neill Eugene Gladstone O'Neill (October 16, 1888 – November 27, 1953) was an American playwright. His poetically titled plays were among
3275-548: Is also the only playwright to win four Pulitzer Prizes for Drama . O'Neill's plays were among the first to include speeches in American English vernacular and involve characters on the fringes of society. They struggle to maintain their hopes and aspirations, ultimately sliding into disillusion and despair. Of his very few comedies, only one is well-known ( Ah, Wilderness! ). Nearly all of his other plays involve some degree of tragedy and personal pessimism. O'Neill
3406-501: Is bounded by West 42nd Street , West 47th Street , 7th Avenue, and Broadway. Broadway runs diagonally, crossing through the horizontal and vertical street grid of Manhattan laid down by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 , and that intersection creates the "bowtie" shape of Times Square. Times Square is the official name of the southern triangle, below 45th Street. The northern triangle is officially known as Duffy Square and
3537-906: Is famed for the Times Square Ball drop on its roof every New Year's Eve. In 1913, the Lincoln Highway Association , headed by entrepreneur Carl G. Fisher , chose the intersection of 42nd Street and Broadway (at the southeast corner of Times Square) to be the Eastern Terminus of the Lincoln Highway . This was the first road across the United States, which originally ran 3,389 mi (5,454 km) coast to coast through 13 states to its western terminus in Lincoln Park in San Francisco. Times Square grew dramatically after World War I . It became
3668-405: Is formed by the junction of Broadway , Seventh Avenue , and 42nd Street . Together with adjacent Duffy Square , Times Square is a bowtie -shaped plaza five blocks long between 42nd and 47th Streets . Times Square is brightly lit by numerous digital billboards and advertisements as well as businesses offering 24/7 service . One of the world's busiest pedestrian areas, it is also the hub of
3799-479: Is made of bronze aluminum and contains tinted-glass windows. The lowest four stories of the facade were renovated in the late 1980s, and there is also a pair of curving news tickers and a billboard at the lower part of the building's facade. The building contains about 460,000 square feet (43,000 m) of space. At ground level, there was originally an arcade , lobby, two foyers, and a movie theater; in addition, Times Square Studios and ABC Studios occupy space on
3930-708: Is referenced by Upton Sinclair in The Cup of Fury (1956), Dianne Wiest's character in Bullets Over Broadway (1994), by J.K. Simmons ' character in Whiplash (2014), by Tony Stark in Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), specifically Long Day's Journey into Night , and Long Day's Journey into Night is also referenced by Patrick Wilson's character in Purple Violets (2007). O'Neill
4061-656: Is referred to in Moss Hart 's 1959 book Act One , later a Broadway play. O'Neill's home in New London, Monte Cristo Cottage , was made a National Historic Landmark in 1971. His home in Danville, California, near San Francisco, was preserved as the Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site in 1976. Connecticut College maintains the Louis Sheaffer Collection, consisting of material collected by
1500 Broadway - Misplaced Pages Continue
4192-467: Is the site of the annual New Year's Eve ball drop. About one million revelers crowd Times Square for the New Year's Eve celebrations, more than twice the usual number of visitors the area usually receives daily. However, for the millennium celebration on December 31, 1999, published reports stated approximately two million people overflowed Times Square, flowing from Sixth Avenue to Eighth Avenue and back on Broadway and Seventh Avenue to 59th Street, making it
4323-613: The American Federation of Musicians (which leased three floors) the Actors' Equity Association , and the Junior League . One-third of the building had been leased by early 1975. Years after the building opened, it continued to struggle with low occupancy rates. By 1975, the building's space was only being rented for $ 6 to $ 7 per square foot ($ 65 to $ 75/m), well below the $ 11 per square foot ($ 120/m) that experts said
4454-574: The Broadway Theater District and a major center of the world's entertainment industry . Times Square is one of the world's most visited tourist attractions, drawing an estimated 50 million visitors annually. Approximately 330,000 people pass through Times Square daily, many of them tourists, while over 460,000 pedestrians walk through Times Square on its busiest days. The Times Square–42nd Street and 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal stations have consistently ranked as
4585-698: The Criterion Theatre in 1935. National General had dropped out of the project by the time the building was completed. In part due to the large oversupply of office space in Manhattan, only 10 to 15 percent of the building was occupied in its first year; the structure was almost completely vacant except for its retail space and movie theater. The first office leases were not signed until March 1974, when women's clothing store Lane Bryant and document-management corporation Xerox collectively leased 30,500 square feet (2,830 m). Other early tenants included
4716-883: The Disney theme parks worldwide, with 128,794,000 visitors between March 2012 and February 2013, versus 126,479,000 for the Walt Disney World theme parks in Bay Lake, Florida , in 2012. Even excluding residents from the visitor count, Times Square is the world's second most visited tourist attraction, behind the Las Vegas Strip . The high level of pedestrian traffic has resulted in $ 4.8 billion in annual retail, entertainment, and hotel sales, with 22 cents out of every dollar spent by visitors in New York City being spent within Times Square. Times Square
4847-667: The Hudson Theatre , the aka Times Square , and the Belasco Theatre are across 44th Street to the north, and 4 Times Square , the Bank of America Tower , and the Stephen Sondheim Theatre are across 43rd Street to the south. The building is also near One Times Square and 3 Times Square to the southwest, 1501 Broadway to the west, and One Astor Plaza to the northwest. Prior to the development of
4978-477: The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), which was fighting for improved living conditions for the working class using quick 'on the job' direct action. O'Neill's parents and elder brother Jamie (who drank himself to death at the age of 45) died within three years of one another, not long after he had begun to make his mark in the theater. After his experience in 1912–13 at a sanatorium where he
5109-701: The Macklowe Hotel , Marriott Marquis , Crowne Plaza , and DoubleTree Suites. By 1986, New York City Planning Commission (CPC) was considering enacting regulations that would have forced new buildings along Times Square to include bright signage as well as deep setbacks . The CPC adopted a planning regulation in 1987, which required large new developments in Times Square to set aside about 5 percent of their space for "entertainment uses". The regulation also required new buildings on Times Square to include large, bright signs. The buildings at 1540 Broadway, 1585 Broadway, and 750 Seventh Avenue were completed at
5240-613: The Monte Cristo Cottage in New London, Connecticut . He also briefly attended Betts Academy in Stamford. He attended Princeton University for one year. Accounts vary as to why he left. He may have been dropped for attending too few classes, been suspended for "conduct code violations", or "for breaking a window", or according to a more concrete but possibly apocryphal account, because he threw "a beer bottle into
5371-538: The Provincetown Players began in mid-1916. Terry Carlin reported that O'Neill arrived for the summer in Provincetown with "a trunk full of plays", but this was an exaggeration. Susan Glaspell describes a reading of Bound East for Cardiff that took place in the living room of Glaspell and her husband George Cram Cook 's home on Commercial Street, adjacent to the wharf (pictured) that was used by
1500 Broadway - Misplaced Pages Continue
5502-522: The State of New York took possession of six of the nine historic theaters on 42nd Street, and the New 42nd Street non-profit organization was appointed to oversee their restoration and maintenance. The theaters underwent renovation for Broadway shows, conversion for commercial purposes, or demolition. Opposition to the towers on Times Square, along with Prudential and Park Tower's inability to secure tenants for
5633-685: The Toshiba billboard directly under the NYE ball drop, the curved seven-story NASDAQ sign at the NASDAQ MarketSite at 4 Times Square on 43rd Street, and the curved Coca-Cola sign located underneath another large LED display owned and operated by Samsung . Both the Coca-Cola sign and Samsung LED displays were built by LED display manufacturer Daktronics . Times Square's first environmentally friendly billboard powered by wind and solar energy
5764-668: The Vince Lombardi Trophy . The area was under increased security and witnessed over 400,000 people during the period. In October 2022, casino operator Caesars Entertainment and commercial property developer SL Green submitted a joint proposal to open a casino at 1515 Broadway , along Times Square. The New York state government has yet to act on the proposal. On February 26, 2009, Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced that traffic lanes along Broadway from 42nd Street to 47th Street would be de-mapped starting Memorial Day 2009 and transformed into pedestrian plazas as
5895-529: The Wrigley Company , was installed on 1500 Broadway in mid-2001. Major tenants during the 2000s included stock exchange NASDAQ , which leased 60,000 sq ft (5,600 m) immediately after the September 11 attacks ; although NASDAQ quickly moved out, the exchange continued to sublease the space for 20 years. In addition, Edelman continued to occupy a large part of the building until 2009. By
6026-552: The remodeling claim that the neighborhood is safer and cleaner. Detractors have countered that the changes have homogenized or "Disneyfied" the character of Times Square and have unfairly targeted lower-income New Yorkers from nearby neighborhoods such as Hell's Kitchen . The changes were shaped in large part by the actions of The Walt Disney Company , which bought and restored the New Amsterdam Theatre after several attempts at redevelopment had failed. As part of
6157-506: The 1910s O'Neill was a regular on the Greenwich Village literary scene, where he also befriended many radicals, most notably Communist Labor Party of America founder John Reed . O'Neill also had a brief romantic relationship with Reed's wife, writer Louise Bryant . O'Neill was portrayed by Jack Nicholson in the 1981 film Reds , about the life of John Reed; Louise Bryant was portrayed by Diane Keaton . His involvement with
6288-654: The 1910s, 1920s, and 1930s. However, it was also during this period that the area began to be besieged by crime and corruption, in the form of gambling and prostitution; one case that garnered huge attention was the arrest and subsequent execution of police officer Charles Becker . The general atmosphere of Times Square changed with the onset of the Great Depression in the early 1930s. City residents moved uptown to cheaper neighborhoods, and many popular theaters closed, replaced by saloons, brothels, "burlesque halls, vaudeville stages, and dime houses". The area acquired
6419-525: The 1960s to the early 1990s, the seediness of the area, especially due to its go-go bars , sex shops , peep shows , and adult theaters, became an infamous symbol of the city's decline. As early as 1960, 42nd Street between Seventh and Eighth avenues was described by The New York Times as "the 'worst' [block] in town". Later that decade, Times Square was depicted in Midnight Cowboy as gritty, depraved, and desperate. Conditions only worsened in
6550-687: The 1970s and 1980s, as did the crime in the rest of the city, with a 1981 article in Rolling Stone magazine calling 42nd Street in Times Square the "sleaziest block in America". In the mid-1980s, the area bounded by 40th and 50th Streets and Seventh and Ninth Avenues saw over 15,000 crime complaints per year. The block of 42nd Street between Seventh and Eighth avenues had 2,300 crimes per year in 1984, of which 20% were felonies. In this era, formerly elegant movie theaters began to show x-rated films , and peep shows hustlers were common. In 1984,
6681-462: The 2001–02 New Year's celebration. Approximately 500,000 revelers attended. Security was high following the September 11 terrorist attacks in 2001, with more than 7,000 New York City police officers on duty in the Square, twice the number for an ordinary year. Times Square started hosting other major annual events in the 2000s. Since 2002, the summer solstice has been marked by "Mind over Madness",
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#17327825830816812-500: The 3,000 pounds of biodegradable confetti dropped at midnight, a tradition of which started in 1992. The New York City Department of Sanitation estimated that by 8 a.m. on New Year's Day 2014, it had cleared over 50 short tons (45 long tons; 45 t) of trash from the New Year's celebration, using 190 workers from their crews and the Times Square Alliance. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City during 2020 reduced
6943-492: The Great White Way ". Times Square functions as a town square , but is not geometrically a square . It is closer in shape to a bowtie, with two triangles emanating roughly north and south from 45th Street, where Seventh Avenue intersects Broadway . Broadway similarly intersects other north–south avenues at Union Square , Madison Square , Herald Square , and Verdi Square , none of which are squares. The area
7074-719: The Horizon , opened on Broadway in 1920 to great acclaim, and was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Drama . His first major hit was The Emperor Jones , which ran on Broadway in 1920 and obliquely commented on the U.S. occupation of Haiti that was a topic of debate in that year's presidential election. His best-known plays include Anna Christie (Pulitzer Prize 1922), Desire Under the Elms (1924), Strange Interlude (Pulitzer Prize 1928), Mourning Becomes Electra (1931), and his only well-known comedy, Ah, Wilderness! ,
7205-547: The Midtown street grid. The pedestrian plaza project was originally opposed by local businesses, who thought that closing the street to cars would hurt business. The original seats put out for pedestrians were inexpensive multicolored plastic lawn chairs, a source of amusement to many New Yorkers; they lasted from the onset of the plaza transformation until August 14, 2009, when they were ceremoniously bundled together in an installation christened Now You See It, Now You Don't by
7336-687: The NGC Realty Building or the National General Building. When 1500 Broadway was announced, it was one of six office buildings being planned for the immediate neighborhood, and demand for office space in Manhattan had already begun to wane. The National General Building was also one of several new buildings near Times Square with theaters, along with One Astor Plaza and the Uris Building , although these structures contained Broadway theaters rather than cinemas. During
7467-538: The New York state government, had proposed redeveloping the area around a portion of West 42nd Street in 1981. Four towers designed by Philip Johnson and John Burgee were to be built around 42nd Street's intersections with Broadway and Seventh Avenue. These towers would have been redeveloped by George Klein of Park Tower Realty, though the Prudential Insurance Company of America joined
7598-605: The O'Neill biographer. The principal collection of O'Neill papers is at Yale University . The Eugene O'Neill Theater Center in Waterford, Connecticut , fosters the development of new plays under his name. There is also a theatre in New York City named after him located at 230 West 49th Street in midtown-Manhattan. The Eugene O'Neill Theatre has housed musicals and plays such as Yentl , Annie , Grease , M. Butterfly , Spring Awakening , and The Book of Mormon . The Glencairn Plays, all of which feature characters on
7729-638: The Players for their theater: "So Gene took Bound East for Cardiff out of his trunk, and Freddie Burt read it to us, Gene staying out in the dining-room while reading went on. He was not left alone in the dining-room when the reading had finished." The Provincetown Players performed many of O'Neill's early works in their theaters both in Provincetown and on MacDougal Street in Greenwich Village . Some of these early plays, such as The Emperor Jones , began downtown and then moved to Broadway. In an early one-act play, The Web , written in 1913, O'Neill first explored
7860-440: The age of 40. Shane O'Neill became a heroin addict and moved into the family home in Bermuda, Spithead, with his new wife, where he supported himself by selling off the furnishings. He was disowned by his father before also committing suicide (by jumping out of a window) a number of years later. Oona ultimately inherited Spithead and the connected estate (subsequently known as the Chaplin Estate). In 1950 O'Neill joined The Lambs ,
7991-436: The area began to evolve into a business district. By the 1960s, city officials were encouraging the westward expansion of office towers in Manhattan, and there were few efforts to preserve existing theaters. This changed in 1967, when the New York City Board of Estimate approved a zoning regulation encouraging the construction of theaters in new office buildings near Times Square. The legislation allowed developers to increase
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#17327825830818122-476: The area was so derelict and dilapidated, that the entire Times Square area paid the city only $ 6 million in property taxes (equivalent to $ 17.6 million in 2023). In the 1980s, a commercial building boom began in the western parts of Midtown as part of a long-term development plan developed under mayors Ed Koch and David Dinkins . These included office buildings such as 1540 Broadway , 1585 Broadway , and 750 Seventh Avenue , as well as hotels such as
8253-426: The artist Jason Peters, and shortly afterward were replaced by sturdier metal furniture. Although the plaza had mixed results on traffic in the area, injuries to motorists and pedestrians decreased, fewer pedestrians were walking in the road, and the number of pedestrians in Times Square increased. On February 11, 2010, Bloomberg announced that the pedestrian plazas would become permanent. The city started rebuilding
8384-604: The auditorium's general color scheme. The lobby was originally shaped like an "L". When the lobby was renovated in the late 1980s, it was converted into a rotunda with curved walls, two ornamental columns, and a ceiling measuring 25 feet (7.6 m) high. The walls and floor were clad in white marble accented with red, gray, and black granite. This project involved removing some of the storefronts. 1500 Broadway hosts Times Square Studios and ABC Studios . The studios were designed by Walt Disney Imagineering and its senior vice president of concept design Eddie Sotto , who stated that
8515-417: The beginning of the early 1990s recession , when 14.5 percent of Manhattan office space was vacant. Furthermore, some 9 × 10 ^ sq ft (840,000 m ) of office space in the western section of Midtown had been developed in the 1980s, of which only half had been leased. Consequently, 1540 Broadway was completely empty, while 1585 Broadway and 750 Seventh Avenue had one tenant each, despite
8646-443: The biggest electric sign "in the world," cost $ 9,000 per month to rent. Some contemporary critics, such as Thorstein Veblen and G. K. Chesterton , disliked the advertising at Times Square. Fritz Lang , after seeing Times Square in 1923, used it as inspiration for his dark industrial film Metropolis . Entertainment icons such as Irving Berlin , Charlie Chaplin , and Fred Astaire were closely associated with Times Square in
8777-426: The building as a "banality", especially as contrasted with the Hotel Claridge. Just before the building's late-1990s renovation, a writer for Crain's New York described 1500 Broadway as "a plain black box with dowdy retail space". Times Square Times Square is a major commercial intersection, tourist destination, entertainment hub, and neighborhood in the Midtown Manhattan section of New York City . It
8908-421: The building did not contain any digital advertisements until 1997, when the owners installed a 40-by-40-foot (12 by 12 m) advertising screen above the seventh-story setback. Another screen, measuring 52 by 31.5 feet (15.8 by 9.6 m), was installed in 2001 and originally advertised the Wrigley Company . When 1500 Broadway was built, the base contained a movie theater designed by Drew Eberson. The structure
9039-517: The building was sold, Intertech announced plans to renovate 1500 Broadway's mechanical systems and public spaces for $ 6 million. Most of the tenants' retail leases were set to expire over the next several years, and these tenants gradually moved out. Intertech's executive vice president said, "One of the reasons we bought 1500 Broadway in 1995 was its potential for signage", as the building had never contained any advertisements. As such, Intertech announced plans in early 1997 to install an advertising screen,
9170-424: The building's construction, Arlen Realty hired artists Nassos Daphnis and Tania to paint a 16-story-tall street art mural on the building's steel frame. The street art was covered by the building's facade as construction progressed. The building's cinema opened December 12, 1972, with the premiere of The Poseidon Adventure . It was the first new movie theater to be built on Times Square in 37 years, following
9301-429: The buildings having over 2 × 10 ^ sq ft (190,000 m ) of office space between them. Entertainment conglomerate Bertelsmann bought 1540 Broadway in 1992, spurring a revival of Times Square in the early 1990s. This was hastened when financial firm Morgan Stanley bought 1585 Broadway in 1993, followed by 750 Seventh Avenue in 1994. The Empire State Development Corporation (ESDC), an agency of
9432-482: The busiest in the New York City Subway system, transporting more than 200,000 passengers daily. Formerly known as Longacre Square , Times Square was renamed in 1904 after The New York Times moved its headquarters to the then newly erected Times Building, now One Times Square . It is the site of the annual New Year's Eve ball drop , which began on December 31, 1907, and continues to attract over
9563-459: The cash from the mortgage loan. In late 2022, a Gordon Ramsay Fish & Chips restaurant opened in 1500 Broadway, along with a Carlo's Bakery. Tamashii Nations opened a toy and collectible store there the next year. The building's $ 335 million loan was sent to special servicing in August 2024. Tamares wanted forbearance on the loan as well. At the time, 25% of the space was vacant, and the owner
9694-611: The children, for the actress Carlotta Monterey (born San Francisco, California, December 28, 1888; died Westwood, New Jersey , November 18, 1970). O'Neill and Carlotta married less than a month after he officially divorced his previous wife. In 1929, O'Neill and Monterey moved to the Loire Valley in central France, where they lived in the Château du Plessis in Saint-Antoine-du-Rocher , Indre-et-Loire. During
9825-401: The cinema. The auditorium itself was clad in vinyl with teak doors. Each seat was made of fiberglass and upholstered in orange; the bottoms of the seats were painted white so people could easily determine whether a seat was occupied. There was an orchestra level with 932 seats and a mezzanine with 513 seats. The curtain was decorated in olive, burnt orange, and copper colors, which harmonized with
9956-551: The current 1500 Broadway, the southeast corner of Broadway and 44th Street was occupied by the Hotel Claridge , built in 1910 as the Rector Hotel. From 1941 to 1966, that building had contained a billboard advertising Camel cigarettes , which emitted steam jets. The northeast corner of Broadway and 43rd Street contained a two-story commercial structure at 1500–1504 Broadway, owned by the family of George Innes-Ker, 9th Duke of Roxburghe , from 1920 to 1963. The two-story structure,
10087-437: The darker themes that he later thrived on. Here he focused on the brothel world and the lives of prostitutes, which also play a role in some fourteen of his later plays. In particular, he memorably included the birth of an infant into the world of prostitution. At the time, such themes constituted a huge innovation, as these sides of life had never before been presented with such success. O'Neill's first published play, Beyond
10218-472: The deck would have supported numerous skyscrapers. A second screen was added at the National Theater in 1982. The building did not reach near-full occupancy until the mid-1980s, when space was being rented out for $ 18 to $ 24 per square foot ($ 190 to $ 260/m). During the 1980s, Garth Drabinsky of Cineplex Odeon Corporation took over the National Theater and renovated its two screens. The structure
10349-409: The design of the building symbolized a " looking glass " and the idea of "media as architecture". During the studios' construction, the lowest five stories were gutted, and concrete columns at the center of the building were replaced with steel trusses along the perimeter. The ground floor includes a studio with three removable glass panels. Covering 2,400 square feet (220 m), the ground-level studio
10480-550: The disappearance of a group of manuscripts that O'Neill had brought with him from San Francisco. "When the table was cleared I learned the cause of the tension; the manuscripts were lost. They had disappeared mysteriously during the day and there was no clue to their whereabouts." O'Neill died at the Sheraton Hotel (now Boston University 's Kilachand Hall ) on Bay State Road in Boston, on November 27, 1953, at age 65. As he
10611-497: The early 1930s they returned to the United States and lived in Sea Island, Georgia , at a house called Casa Genotta. He moved to Danville, California , in 1937 and lived there until 1944. His house there, Tao House , is today the Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site . In their first years together, Monterey organized O'Neill's life, enabling him to devote himself to writing. She later became addicted to potassium bromide , and
10742-590: The early 2010s, the building's tenants included Chinese Communist Party–owned newspaper China Daily , in addition to 13 technology companies. The Tamares Group acquired Rushbury Ltd.'s ownership stake in 1500 Broadway for $ 12 million in 2014 before obtaining a $ 335 million mortgage loan for the building. This prompted Simon Murray of Rushbury Ltd. to sue the Tamares Group's director, Poju Zabludowicz , claiming that Zabludowicz had convinced Murray to sell his ownership stake because Zabludowicz did not want to share
10873-690: The eleven plays O'Neill proposed, A Touch of the Poet and More Stately Mansions , were completed. As his health worsened, O'Neill lost inspiration for the project and wrote three largely autobiographical plays, The Iceman Cometh , Long Day's Journey into Night , and A Moon for the Misbegotten , which he completed in 1943, just before leaving Tao House and losing his ability to write. The book " Love and Admiration and Respect": The O'Neill-Commins Correspondence " includes an extended account written by Saxe Commins, O'Neill's publisher, in which he talks of "snatches of dialogue" between Carlotta and O'Neill over
11004-405: The end of the 1990s. According to The New York Times , the building's occupants included "lawyers, accountants, salesmen, public relations people, and the staffs of two magazines", namely Essence and Latina ; its largest tenant was public-relations firm Edelman , which employed 300 people at the building. 1500 Broadway was also known as Times Square Plaza by 2000. Another billboard, promoting
11135-516: The existing buildings. In 1992, the Times Square Alliance (formerly the Times Square Business Improvement District , or "BID" for short), a coalition of city government and local businesses dedicated to improving the quality of commerce and cleanliness in the district, started operations in the area. In 1998, the alliance opened a tourist information center in the former Embassy Theatre at 1560 Broadway;
11266-558: The famed theater club. After suffering from multiple health problems (including depression and alcoholism) over many years, O'Neill ultimately faced a severe Parkinson's -like tremor in his hands that made it impossible for him to write during the last 10 years of his life; he tried dictation but found himself unable to compose that way. While at Tao House, O'Neill had intended to write a collection of works he called "the Cycle" chronicling American life spanning from 1755 to 1932. Only two of
11397-487: The first half of the 19th century, it became one of the prized possessions of John Jacob Astor , who made a second fortune selling off lots to hotels and other real estate concerns as the city rapidly spread uptown . By 1872, the area had become the center of New York's horse carriage industry. The locality had not previously been given a name, and city authorities called it Longacre Square after Long Acre in London, where
11528-590: The first such screen to be installed on the building in its history. To attract potential tenants, Bendit's firm Taconic Investment Partners replaced the building's wiring. Although clothing chain Old Navy had been negotiating to lease the building's ground level, the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) leased the lower floors of 1500 Broadway in late 1997, with plans to add television studios and an ESPN Grill there. ABC agreed to lease
11659-423: The first to introduce into the U.S. the drama techniques of realism , earlier associated with Chekhov , Ibsen , and Strindberg . The tragedy Long Day's Journey into Night is often included on lists of the finest U.S. plays in the 20th century, alongside Tennessee Williams 's A Streetcar Named Desire and Arthur Miller 's Death of a Salesman . He was awarded the 1936 Nobel Prize in Literature . O'Neill
11790-701: The horse and carriage trade was centered in that city. William Henry Vanderbilt owned and ran the American Horse Exchange there. In 1910, it became the Winter Garden Theatre. As more profitable commerce and industrialization of Lower Manhattan pushed homes, theaters, and prostitution northward from the Tenderloin District , Longacre Square became nicknamed the Thieves Lair for its rollicking reputation as
11921-718: The information center operated until 2014. In the mid-1990s, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani led an effort to clean up the area, an effort that is described by Steve Macek in Urban Nightmares: The Media, the Right, and the Moral Panic Over the City : Security was increased, pornographic theatres were closed, and "undesirable" low-rent residents were pressured to relocate, and then more tourist-friendly attractions and upscale establishments were opened. Advocates of
12052-405: The lack of security, poor maintenance, and rundown lobby. This prompted the owners to renovate the lower section of the building's facade and enlarge the lobby. The renovation attracted six tenants who collectively leased 130,000 square feet (12,000 m). The building's owners went bankrupt in the 1990s. 1500 Broadway was 96 percent occupied by 1994, when a $ 75 million mortgage loan on the building
12183-469: The largest gathering in Times Square since August 1945 during celebrations marking the end of World War II . On December 31, 1907, a ball signifying New Year's Day was first dropped at Times Square, and the Square has held the main New Year's celebration in New York City ever since. On that night, hundreds of thousands of people congregate to watch the Waterford Crystal ball being lowered on
12314-563: The lower stories. The New York City Board of Estimate approved a zoning regulation encouraging the construction of theaters in new office buildings near Times Square. Subsequently, National General Pictures announced plans in January 1970 for a skyscraper with movie theaters, and Arlen Realty was hired as the building's developer. The building's cinema opened December 12, 1972, and the first office leases were signed in March 1974. The structure
12445-484: The marriage deteriorated, resulting in a number of separations, although they never divorced. In 1943, O'Neill disowned his daughter Oona for marrying the English actor, director, and producer Charlie Chaplin when she was 18 and Chaplin was 54. He never saw Oona again. He also had distant relationships with his sons. Eugene O'Neill Jr. , a Yale classicist, suffered from alcoholism and committed suicide in 1950 at
12576-468: The maximum amount of office space in their buildings if they erected a theater at their base. National General Pictures announced in January 1970 that it had signed a lease for a 32-story skyscraper with two movie theaters, which was to be built on the site of the Claridge Hotel. Arlen Realty was to be the building's developer. National General would be the flagship tenant, which was to be known as
12707-483: The newspaper's operations to a new skyscraper on 42nd Street at Longacre Square, on the site of the former Pabst Hotel , which had existed on the site for less than a decade since it opened in November 1899. Ochs persuaded Mayor George B. McClellan Jr. to construct a subway station there, and the area was renamed "Times Square" on April 8, 1904. Just three weeks later, the first electrified advertisement appeared on
12838-450: The number of people traveling to Times Square. About 108,000 pedestrians visited Times Square each day in late 2020 compared to the 380,000 before the pandemic. From March to October 2020, 26 of the area's 46 hotels closed, as well as 39 of 151 stores and 84 of 162 restaurants. Times Square was closed to the public for New Year's Day 2021 and observers were dispersed into enclosures measuring 8 by 8 ft (2.4 by 2.4 m). Times Square
12969-415: The outdoors smoking ban to the area. The measure imposed a $ 50 fine for any person caught smoking within the area. From January 29 to February 1, 2014, a "Super Bowl Boulevard" was held on Broadway, especially in Times Square, between 34th and 47th Streets, as part of Super Bowl XLVIII . The boulevard contained activities such as autographs, a 60 ft (18 m)-high toboggan run , and photographs with
13100-614: The pains of the difficult birth of Eugene, who was her third son. Because his father was often on tour with a theatrical company, accompanied by Eugene's mother, in 1895 O'Neill was sent to St. Aloysius Academy for Boys , a Catholic boarding school in the Riverdale section of the Bronx. In 1900, he became a day student at the De La Salle Institute on 59th Street in Manhattan. The O'Neill family reunited for summers at
13231-499: The plaza in 2010, hiring the design and landscaping firm Snøhetta to permanently replace Broadway's roadway with custom-made granite pavers and benches. By December 2013, the first phase of the Times Square pedestrian plaza had been completed at the southern end of the square in time for the Times Square Ball drop on New Year's Eve. The project was originally intended to be completed by the end of 2015. The entire project
13362-466: The project in 1986. Furthermore, as part of the West Midtown special zoning district created in 1982, the New York City government had allowed new buildings in Times Square to be developed with an increased floor area ratio. To ensure the area would not be darkened at nightfall, the city passed zoning regulations that encouraged developers to add large, bright signs on their buildings. In 1990,
13493-500: The proposal. In June 2016, work started on "pedestrian flow zones" where no one was allowed to loiter, as well as "activity zones" where costumed characters were allowed to perform. There have been several incidents in Times Square: Times Square is the most visited place globally with 360,000 pedestrian visitors a day, amounting to over 131 million a year. As of 2013 , it had a greater attendance than each of
13624-555: The proposed buildings, led government officials to allow Prudential and Park Tower to postpone the project in 1992. By then, Prudential had spent $ 300 million on condemning the sites through eminent domain . The partners retained the right to develop the sites in the future, and the ESDC's zoning guidelines remained in effect. In exchange for being permitted to delay construction of the sites until 2002, Prudential and Park Tower were compelled to add stores and install large signage on
13755-449: The right to acquire the sites at the southwest and southeast corners of 42nd Street and Seventh Avenue for $ 330 million. 5 Times Square was completed on the southwest-corner site in 2002, and Times Square Tower opened on the southeast-corner site in 2004. Times Square now boasts attractions such as ABC 's Times Square Studios , where Good Morning America is broadcast live; competing Hershey's and M&M's stores across
13886-418: The safety of the area. The theatres of Broadway and the huge number of animated neon and LED signs have been one of New York's iconic images as well as a symbol of the intensely urban aspects of Manhattan. Since 1987 such signage has been mandated by zoning ordinances that require building owners to display illuminated signs, the only district in New York City with this requirement. The neighborhood has
14017-585: The side of a bank at the corner of 46th Street and Broadway. The north end later became Duffy Square, and the former Horse Exchange became the Winter Garden Theatre , constructed in 1911. The New York Times moved to more spacious offices one block west of the square in 1913 and sold the building in 1961. The old Times Building was later named the Allied Chemical Building in 1963. Now known simply as One Times Square , it
14148-466: The site at the northeast corner of Broadway and 42nd Street, and he developed 4 Times Square there. The northwest corner of Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street was taken by Reuters , which enlisted Rudin Management as its development partner and built 3 Times Square on that corner; that building opened in 2001. In 1998, a joint venture of Klein, The Blackstone Group , and Boston Properties won
14279-570: The south. The lot spans 25,569 square feet (2,375.4 m), with a frontage of 203.77 feet (62.11 m) on Broadway and a depth of 125 feet (38 m). The surrounding area is part of Manhattan's Theater District and contains many Broadway theatres . 1500 Broadway shares the block with the Lambs Club Building and the Town Hall performing-arts center to the east. The Bow Tie Building , Millennium Times Square New York hotel,
14410-402: The space after two executives of ABC's parent company, the Walt Disney Company , had stood on the old National Theater's marquee while looking for sites for its studios. ABC was one of several major companies to lease large amounts of space in Times Square during that time, and rent rates at the building increased significantly in the following year. The National Theater was closed to make way for
14541-479: The speech is no 'telling tale' to please the Swedes with a polite gesture. It is absolutely sincere. [...] And it's absolutely true that I am proud of the opportunity to acknowledge my debt to Strindberg thus publicly to his people". Before the speech was sent to Stockholm , O'Neill read it to his friend Sophus Keith Winther . As he was reading, he suddenly interrupted himself with the comment: "I wish immortality were
14672-511: The street from each other, and multiple multiplex movie theaters. Additionally, the area contains restaurants such as the Bubba Gump Shrimp Company , a seafood establishment; Planet Hollywood Restaurant and Bar , a theme restaurant ; and Carmine's, serving Italian cuisine . It has also attracted several large financial, publishing, and media firms to set up headquarters in the area. A larger presence of police has improved
14803-415: The studios, and the lowest five stories were gutted and rebuilt starting in mid-1998. The renovation involved installing 300 short tons (270 long tons; 270 t) of steel. Good Morning America started broadcasting from the studios in 1999, following the renovation, which cost about $ 1,000 per square foot ($ 11,000/m). Bendit sold his stake in the building the same year. The building had about 65 tenants at
14934-498: The window of Professor Woodrow Wilson ", the future president of the United States. O'Neill spent several years at sea, during which he suffered from depression, alcoholism and despair. Despite this, he had a deep love for the sea and it became a prominent theme in many of his plays, several of which are set on board ships like those on which he worked. O'Neill joined the Marine Transport Workers Union of
15065-410: Was almost completely vacant when it opened, and it did not approach full occupancy until the mid-1980s. The structure was sold in 1988 to the 1500 Realty Company, and it was resold in 1995 to a partnership that included Tamares Group . 1500 Broadway is on the eastern side of Times Square , between 43rd and 44th Streets in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. While the building carries
15196-402: Was also part of the modern movement to partially revive the classical heroic mask from ancient Greek theatre and Japanese Noh theatre in some of his plays, such as The Great God Brown and Lazarus Laughed . O'Neill was married to Kathleen Jenkins from October 2, 1909, to 1912, during which time they had one son, Eugene O'Neill, Jr. (1910–1950). In 1917, O'Neill met Agnes Boulton ,
15327-567: Was born on October 16, 1888, in a hotel, the Barrett House, on what was then Longacre Square (now Times Square ) in New York City. A commemorative plaque was first dedicated there in 1957. The site is now occupied by 1500 Broadway , which houses offices, shops and the ABC Studios . He was the son of Irish immigrant actor James O'Neill and Mary Ellen Quinlan , who was also of Irish descent. His father suffered from alcoholism; his mother from an addiction to morphine, prescribed to relieve
15458-646: Was dedicated in June 1939 to honor World War I chaplain Father Francis P. Duffy of the 69th New York Infantry Regiment . A statue by Charles Keck was dedicated in May 1937 as a memorial to Duffy. There is also a statue of composer and entertainer George M. Cohan , and the TKTS discount ticket booth for same-day Broadway and off-Broadway theaters that has been at the site since June 1973. When Manhattan Island
15589-531: Was dying, he whispered: "I knew it. I knew it. Born in a hotel room and died in a hotel room." He is interred in the Forest Hills Cemetery in Boston 's Jamaica Plain neighborhood. In 1956, Carlotta arranged for his autobiographical play Long Day's Journey into Night to be published, although his written instructions had stipulated that it not be made public until 25 years after his death. It
15720-501: Was finally completed just before New Year's Eve 2016. Some safety bollards were also installed as part of the renovation to prevent vehicular attacks or collisions on the sidewalk. After a 2017 vehicle-ramming attack , there were calls to install more bollards along Times Square. Times Square's pedestrian plaza is frequented by topless women (with painted breasts) called " desnudas ", as well as costumed characters , who typically panhandle for tips. The pedestrian plaza became
15851-543: Was first lit on December 4, 2008. The new 20 Times Square development hosts the largest LED signage in Times Square at 18,000 square feet. The display is 1,000 square feet larger than the Times Square Walgreens display and one of the largest video-capable screens in the world. In 2002, New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani administered the oath of office to the city's next mayor, Michael Bloomberg , at Times Square after midnight on January 1 as part of
15982-578: Was first settled by the Dutch colonists , three small streams united near what is now the intersection of 10th Avenue and 40th Street . These three streams formed the "Great Kill" (Dutch: Grote Kil ). From there the Great Kill wound through the low-lying Reed Valley, known for fish and waterfowl, and emptied into a deep bay in the Hudson River at the present 42nd Street. The name was retained in
16113-451: Was necessary for the building to break even. A Chase Bank branch in the building had closed in 1976 after just two years of operation. Newsweek wrote in 1977 that the building remained half empty, even though the office space was still relatively new. In 1979, as part of an ongoing redevelopment of Times Square, architect Frederick DeMatteis proposed creating a three-story "deck" surrounding 1500 Broadway and several other nearby buildings;
16244-404: Was originally designed to resemble a New York City Subway station. On the second floor is the 4,600-square-foot (430 m) Marquee Studio, which overlooks the corner of Broadway and 44th Street and is cantilevered over the ground-level studio. The studio overhangs the sidewalk on Broadway by up to 18 feet (5.5 m). After World War II, development of theaters around Times Square stalled, and
16375-407: Was originally supposed to contain two screens, with 1,000 and 1,500 seats. The larger screen would have been stacked above the smaller one, and both auditoriums would have been decorated with white marble, bronze, and wood. As constructed, the building contained a single-screen cinema with 1,445 seats. Patrons entered a 14-foot-tall (4.3 m) lobby with marble walls, where a pair of escalators led to
16506-640: Was produced on stage to tremendous critical acclaim and won the Pulitzer Prize in 1957. It is widely considered his finest play. Other posthumously published works include A Touch of the Poet (1958) and More Stately Mansions (1967). In 1967, the United States Postal Service honored O'Neill with a Prominent Americans series (1965–1978) $ 1 postage stamp. In 2000, a team of researchers studying O'Neill's autopsy report concluded that he died of cerebellar cortical atrophy ,
16637-554: Was recovering from tuberculosis , he decided to devote himself full-time to writing plays (the events immediately prior to going to the sanatorium are dramatized in his masterpiece, Long Day's Journey into Night ). O'Neill had previously been employed by the New London Telegraph , writing poetry as well as reporting. In the fall of 1914, he entered Harvard University to attend a course in dramatic technique given by George Piece Baker , but left after one year. During
16768-480: Was rentable space. The facade is made of bronze aluminum and contains tinted-glass windows. At ground level, there was originally an arcade with shops and a marquee on the Broadway side. The lobby, and two foyers for a movie theater on the second and third stories, were visible behind the marquee. The marquee measured 72 feet (22 m) long and 9 feet (2.7 m) high. The Artkraft-Strauss Corporation designed
16899-422: Was sold in 1988 for about $ 88 million, or approximately $ 200 per square foot ($ 2,200/m). The new owners, known as the 1500 Realty Company, had wanted to buy the building because it had windows on all sides, the offices did not require asbestos abatement , and the neighborhood was improving. However, the structure had 200,000 square feet (19,000 m) of vacant space; brokers said potential tenants were dissuaded by
17030-524: Was sold. The building was sold in September 1995 to a partnership who paid Crossland Savings Bank $ 55 million. The building's stakeholders included the Tamares Group , Intertech, Charles Bendit, and Essex Capital Partners. Rushbury Limited, an investment trust , bought a 6.25 percent ownership stake in 1996. At the time, the ground level included electronics stores and souvenir shops. After
17161-494: Was struggling to find tenants for the vacant space; in addition, two major tenants' leases were scheduled to expire that year. Though Nasdaq chose not to renew its lease at the end of the month, the company continued to operate its signage on the building. Paul Goldberger criticized the building as having brought "nothing more than Third Avenue banality to a part of town that, whatever its social problems, has always been visually spectacular." Robert A. M. Stern similarly described
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