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93-631: The National Poetry Competition is an annual poetry prize established in 1978 in the United Kingdom. It is run by UK-based The Poetry Society and accepts entries from all over the world, with over 10,000 poems being submitted to the competition each year. Winning has been an important milestone in the careers of many well-known poets. Carol Ann Duffy , the UK Poet Laureate from 2009 to 2019, won in 1983 with "Whoever She Was". Looking back, in 2007 she commented: "in those days, one

186-404: A Peter Rabbit doll, making Peter the first licensed character . Michael O. Tunnell and James S. Jacobs, professors of children's literature at Brigham Young University, write, "Potter was the first to use pictures as well as words to tell the story, incorporating coloured illustration with text, page for page." Rudyard Kipling published The Jungle Book in 1894. A major theme in the book

279-716: A courtesy book by the Dutch priest Erasmus . A Pretty and Splendid Maiden's Mirror , an adaptation of a German book for young women, became the first Swedish children's book upon its 1591 publication. Sweden published fables and a children's magazine by 1766. In Italy , Giovanni Francesco Straparola released The Facetious Nights of Straparola in the 1550s. Called the first European storybook to contain fairy-tales, it eventually had 75 separate stories and written for an adult audience. Giulio Cesare Croce also borrowed from some stories children enjoyed for his books. Russia 's earliest children's books, primers , appeared in

372-529: A Land Baby , by Rev. Charles Kingsley (1862), which became extremely popular and remains a classic of British children's literature. In 1883, Carlo Collodi wrote the first Italian fantasy novel, The Adventures of Pinocchio , which was translated many times. In that same year, Emilio Salgari , the man who would become "the adventure writer par excellence for the young in Italy" first published his legendary character Sandokan . In Britain, The Princess and

465-625: A Literary Press, sponsored by Jacar Press Kate Tufts Discovery Award – $ 10,000 awarded to a first time poet Kingsley Tufts Poetry Award – $ 100,000 award for poet in mid career Lambda Literary Award - for works which celebrate or explore LGBT themes Lannan Literary Award for Poetry – comes with $ 150,000 Letter Review Prize for Poetry - $ 1000 USD + Publication First Prize. All entries considered for publication. Los Angeles Times Book Prize in Poetry Maurice English Poetry Award – awarded for

558-420: A U.S.-born poet to spend one year outside North America in a country the recipient feels will most advance his or her work Autumn House Press – poetry and fiction awards for full-length book manuscripts Backwaters Press – annual prize awarded to book length manuscript selected by guest judge Bernard F. Connors Prize for Poetry – awarded by the editors of Paris Review for the best poem published in

651-567: A brightly colored cover that appealed to children—something new in the publishing industry. Known as gift books, these early books became the precursors to the toy books popular in the nineteenth century. Newbery was also adept at marketing this new genre. According to the journal The Lion and the Unicorn , "Newbery's genius was in developing the fairly new product category, children's books, through his frequent advertisements... and his clever ploy of introducing additional titles and products into

744-573: A first volume of poetry Awards given by the Academy of American Poets [ edit ] Wallace Stevens Award – $ 100,000 to recognize outstanding and proven mastery in the art of poetry Fellowship of the Academy of American Poets – $ 25,000 for distinguished poetic achievement Lenore Marshall Poetry Prize – $ 25,000 for the best book of poetry published in the United States in

837-526: A genre, Robinsonade ), adventure stories written specifically for children began in the nineteenth century. Early examples from British authors include Frederick Marryat 's The Children of the New Forest (1847) and Harriet Martineau 's The Peasant and the Prince (1856). The Victorian era saw the development of the genre, with W. H. G. Kingston , R. M. Ballantyne and G. A. Henty specializing in

930-467: A knowledge of the letters; be taught to read, without perceiving it to be anything but a sport, and play themselves into that which others are whipp'd for." He also suggested that picture books be created for children. In the nineteenth century, a few children's titles became famous as classroom reading texts. Among these were the fables of Aesop and Jean de la Fontaine and Charles Perraults's 1697 Tales of Mother Goose . The popularity of these texts led to

1023-567: A long poem, the other for a short poem), by the Science Fiction Poetry Association for the best science fiction, fantasy, or horror poems Richard Wilbur Award Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize – offered by the Poetry Foundation for a U.S. poet "whose accomplishments warrant extraordinary recognition" T. S. Eliot Prize for Poetry – publication prize awarded annually by Truman State University for

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1116-671: A movement concerned with reforming both education and literature for children. Its founder, Johann Bernhard Basedow , authored Elementarwerk as a popular textbook for children that included many illustrations by Daniel Chodowiecki . Another follower, Joachim Heinrich Campe , created an adaptation of Robinson Crusoe that went into over 100 printings. He became Germany's "outstanding and most modern" writer for children. According to Hans-Heino Ewers in The International Companion Encyclopedia of Children's Literature , "It can be argued that from this time,

1209-543: A new sophistication to the historical adventure novel. Philip Pullman in the Sally Lockhart novels and Julia Golding in the Cat Royal series have continued the tradition of the historical adventure. An important aspect of British children's literature has been comic books and magazines . Amongst the most popular and longest running comics have been The Beano and The Dandy , both first published in

1302-573: A notable and accomplished presence in American literature Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress Poets' Prize – awarded annually for the best book of verse published by an American in the previous calendar year Pulitzer Prize for Poetry Rattle Poetry Prize – $ 5000 prize for one poem given every year by Rattle Rhysling Award – two given out each year (one for

1395-734: A published translation of poetry from any language into English Awards given by the Poetry Society of America [ edit ] Alice Fay Di Castagnola Award Anna Rabinowitz Prize Cecil Hemley Memorial Award Frost Medal Four Quartets Prize George Bogin Memorial Award Lucille Medwick Memorial Award Lyric Poetry Award Norma Farber First Book Award Robert H. Winner Memorial Award Shelley Memorial Award – since 1929, offered by

1488-897: A separate category of literature especially in the Victorian era , with some works becoming internationally known, such as Lewis Carroll 's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass . Another classic of the period is Anna Sewell 's animal novel Black Beauty (1877). At the end of the Victorian era and leading into the Edwardian era, author and illustrator Beatrix Potter published The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902. Potter went on to produce 23 children's books and become very wealthy. A pioneer of character merchandising, in 1903 she patented

1581-537: A series of twelve books . The Golden Age of Children's Literature ended with World War I . The period before World War II was much slower in children's publishing. The main exceptions in England were the publications of Winnie-the-Pooh by A. A. Milne in 1926, the first Mary Poppins book by P. L. Travers in 1934, The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien in 1937, and the Arthurian The Sword in

1674-678: A volume of poetry published when a poet is more than 50 years old National Book Award for Poetry National Book Critics Circle Award – given annually in poetry and in five other categories to promote the finest books and reviews published in English National Poetry Series – offered by the National Poetry Series through five participating publishers for a collection of poetry The New Criterion Poetry Prize – given by The New Criterion magazine O. B. Hardison Jr. Poetry Prize – awarded by

1767-519: A wide range of topics including education, natural history, fantasy, mystery, and biblical narratives and is best remembered today for her Noddy , The Famous Five , The Secret Seven , and The Adventure Series . The first of these children's stories, Five on a Treasure Island , was published in 1942. In the 1950s, the book market in Europe began to recover from the effects of the two world wars. An informal literary discussion group associated with

1860-864: A wide range of works, including acknowledged classics of world literature , picture books and easy-to-read stories written exclusively for children, and fairy tales , lullabies , fables , folk songs , and other primarily orally transmitted materials or more specifically defined as fiction , non-fiction , poetry , or drama intended for and used by children and young people. One writer on children's literature defines it as "all books written for children, excluding works such as comic books , joke books, cartoon books , and non-fiction works that are not intended to be read from front to back, such as dictionaries, encyclopedias, and other reference materials". However, others would argue that children's comics should also be included: "Children's Literature studies has traditionally treated comics fitfully and superficially despite

1953-1032: Is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources . Major international awards [ edit ] Golden Wreath of Struga Poetry Evenings Bridges of Struga (for a debuting author at Struga Poetry Evenings) Griffin Poetry Prize (The international prize) International Hippocrates Prize for Poetry and Medicine (Open First Prize=£5000) Montreal International Poetry Prize ($ 20,000 prize for one poem) National Poetry Competition (International, First Prize=£5000) Arvon International Poetry Prize (biennial) Nobel Prize in Literature (Not exclusively for poetry) Poetic Republic Poetry Prize (Anonymous peer review poetry competition) Poetry London Prize (First Prize=£5000) Rhysling Award (For science-fiction poetry) Pushcart Prize ("Best of

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2046-646: Is abandonment followed by fostering, as in the life of Mowgli , echoing Kipling's own childhood. In the latter years of the 19th century, precursors of the modern picture book were illustrated books of poems and short stories produced by English illustrators Randolph Caldecott , Walter Crane , and Kate Greenaway . These had a larger proportion of pictures to words than earlier books, and many of their pictures were in colour. Some British artists made their living illustrating novels and children's books, among them Arthur Rackham , Cicely Mary Barker , W. Heath Robinson , Henry J. Ford , John Leech , and George Cruikshank . In

2139-421: Is added and rules for processing are formed solely by one's sensory experiences. A corollary of this doctrine was that the mind of the child was born blank and that it was the duty of the parents to imbue the child with correct notions. Locke himself emphasized the importance of providing children with "easy pleasant books" to develop their minds rather than using force to compel them: "Children may be cozen'd into

2232-597: Is an adaptation of the myth of Blodeuwedd from the Mabinogion , set in modern Wales – it won Garner the annual Carnegie Medal from the Library Association , recognising the year's best children's book by a British author. Mary Norton wrote The Borrowers (1952), featuring tiny people who borrow from humans. Dodie Smith 's The Hundred and One Dalmatians was published in 1956. Philippa Pearce 's Tom's Midnight Garden (1958) has Tom opening

2325-474: Is an epic trilogy of fantasy novels consisting of Northern Lights (1995, published as The Golden Compass in North America), The Subtle Knife (1997), and The Amber Spyglass (2000). It follows the coming of age of two children, Lyra Belacqua and Will Parry, as they wander through a series of parallel universes. The three novels have won a number of awards, most notably the 2001 Whitbread Book of

2418-469: Is different from Wikidata Pages using sidebar with the child parameter Dynamic lists Children%27s literature Children's literature can be traced to traditional stories like fairy tales , which have only been identified as children's literature since the eighteenth century, and songs, part of a wider oral tradition , which adults shared with children before publishing existed. The development of early children's literature, before printing

2511-555: Is the accepted criterion for official distinctions [REDACTED] Category:Orders, decorations, and medals [REDACTED] Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Orders, decorations, and medals Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Awards Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_poetry_awards&oldid=1259514656 " Categories : Poetry awards Lists of literary awards Poetry-related lists Hidden categories: Webarchive template wayback links Articles with short description Short description

2604-557: The Jennings series by Anthony Buckeridge . Ruth Manning-Sanders 's first collection, A Book of Giants , retells a number of giant stories from around the world. Susan Cooper 's The Dark Is Rising is a five-volume fantasy saga set in England and Wales. Raymond Briggs ' children's picture book The Snowman (1978) has been adapted as an animation, shown every Christmas on British television. The Reverend. W. Awdry and son Christopher 's The Railway Series features Thomas

2697-1378: The American Academy of Arts and Letters from 1980 to 1993 South America [ edit ] Chile [ edit ] Premio Nacional de Literatura de Chile Oceania [ edit ] Australia [ edit ] See also: List of Australian literary awards - Poetry Anne Elder Award Bruce Dawe National Poetry Prize Christopher Brennan Award C. J. Dennis Prize for Poetry Grace Leven Prize for Poetry Harri Jones Memorial Prize for Poetry Judith Wright Prize Judith Wright Calanthe Award Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry Mary Gilmore Prize The Roland Robinson Literary Award Thomas Shapcott Poetry Prize The Val Vallis Award The W. B. Yeats Poetry Prize for Australia New Zealand [ edit ] Montana New Zealand Book Award for Poetry Arts Foundation of New Zealand Icon, Laureate and New Generation Awards New Zealand Poet Laureate See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Poetry portal List of years in poetry List of literary awards List of years in literature References [ edit ] ^ The W B Yeats Poetry Prize for Australia Archived 2012-02-27 at

2790-599: The Folger Shakespeare Library to a U.S. poet who has published at least one book within the last five years, has made important contributions as a teacher, and is committed to furthering the understanding of poetry PEN Award for Poetry in Translation – honoring a poetry translation published in the preceding year PEN/Voelcker Award for Poetry – given biennially to an American poet whose distinguished and growing body of work to date represents

2883-621: The University of Utah Department of English and the University of Utah Press Agnes Lynch Starrett Poetry Prize – for a first book of poetry Aiken Taylor Award for Modern American Poetry – annual prize, administered by the Sewanee Review and the University of the South , awarded to a writer who has had a substantial and distinguished career Alice James Award Amy Lowell Poetry Travelling Scholarship – given annually to

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2976-2720: The Wayback Machine v t e Phaleristics Auxiliary science of history and numismatics about orders , decorations , and medals Distinctions ( Lists ) By conferee Founts of honour * States and their national/public/official authorities Dynasties heads of currently or formerly sovereign royal families Private Ecclesiastical Organisations Commercial ( Self-styled order ) By type Orders Order of chivalry Military order Colonial order Order of merit Royal family order Titles ( Styles , Post-nominal ) By function Grand master Chancellor Treasurer Assessor Bailiff Prior Chaplain Master of ceremonies Grand Cross /Grand Cordon Commander Officer Hospitaller Knight / Dame Postulant Squire Page Jurisdictions Charter Bailiwick Chapter Commandery Obedience Grand Lodge Lodge Others, by field Military ( List ) List of highest Campaign medal Law enforcement Civilian ( List ) Society Peace Intellectual freedom Human rights Law Humanitarianism Politics Volunteer Culture Architecture Art Film History Literature Music Philosophy Poetry Theatre Science Religion-related Ecclesiastical Sports Scouting Beauty By insignia ( Named after people ) For wearing (decorations) Formal Collar Grand Cross /Grand Cordon with sash Medal Necklet Medal bar Medal ribbon Other Rosette Award pin Lapel pin Collar pin Tie pin Badge Heraldic Pilgrim Epaulette Ribbon Ring Button Campaign Service Shoulder mark Prizes Trophy War Plaquette Rosette Money Prizes known as

3069-446: The 1740s, a cluster of London publishers began to produce new books designed to instruct and delight young readers. Thomas Boreman was one. Another was Mary Cooper , whose two-volume Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book (1744) is the first known nursery rhyme collection. But the most celebrated of these pioneers is John Newbery , whose first book for the entertainment of children was A Little Pretty Pocket-Book ." Widely considered

3162-731: The 1890s, some of the best known fairy tales from England were compiled in Joseph Jacobs ' English Fairy Tales , including Jack and the Beanstalk , Goldilocks and the Three Bears , The Three Little Pigs , Jack the Giant Killer and Tom Thumb . The Kailyard School of Scottish writers, notably J. M. Barrie , creator of Peter Pan (1904), presented an idealised version of society and brought fantasy and folklore back into fashion. In 1908, Kenneth Grahame wrote

3255-637: The 1930s he began publishing his Swallows and Amazons series of children's books about the school-holiday adventures of children, mostly in the English Lake District and the Norfolk Broads . Many of them involve sailing; fishing and camping are other common subjects. Biggles was a popular series of adventure books for young boys, about James Bigglesworth, a fictional pilot and adventurer , by W. E. Johns . Between 1941 and 1961 there were 60 issues with stories about Biggles, and in

3348-516: The 1930s. British comics in the 20th century evolved from illustrated penny dreadfuls of the Victorian era (featuring Sweeney Todd , Dick Turpin and Varney the Vampire ). First published in the 1830s, according to The Guardian , penny dreadfuls were "Britain's first taste of mass-produced popular culture for the young." Robin Hood featured in a series of penny dreadfuls in 1838 which sparked

3441-481: The 1960s occasional contributors included the BBC astronomer Patrick Moore . Between 1940 and 1947, W. E. Johns contributed sixty stories featuring the female pilot Worrals . Evoking epic themes, Richard Adams 's 1972 survival and adventure novel Watership Down follows a small group of rabbits who escape the destruction of their warren and seek to establish a new home. Geoffrey Trease and Rosemary Sutcliff brought

3534-651: The English faculty at the University of Oxford, were the "Inklings", with the major fantasy novelists C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien as its main members. C. S. Lewis published the first installment of The Chronicles of Narnia series in 1950, while Tolkien is best known, in addition to The Hobbit , as the author of The Lord of the Rings (1954). Another writer of fantasy stories is Alan Garner author of Elidor (1965), and The Owl Service (1967). The latter

3627-519: The French literary society, who saw them as only fit for old people and children. In 1658, John Amos Comenius in Bohemia published the informative illustrated Orbis Pictus , for children under six learning to read. It is considered to be the first picture book produced specifically for children. The first Danish children's book was The Child's Mirror by Niels Bredal in 1568, an adaptation of

3720-497: The Goblin and its sequel The Princess and Curdie , by George MacDonald , appeared in 1872 and 1883, and the adventure stories Treasure Island and Kidnapped , both by Robert Louis Stevenson , were extremely popular in the 1880s. Rudyard Kipling 's The Jungle Book was first published in 1894, and J. M. Barrie told the story of Peter Pan in the novel Peter and Wendy in 1911. Johanna Spyri 's two-part novel Heidi

3813-597: The Great wrote allegories for children, and during her reign, Nikolai Novikov started the first juvenile magazine in Russia. The modern children's book emerged in mid-18th-century England. A growing polite middle-class and the influence of Lockean theories of childhood innocence combined to create the beginnings of childhood as a concept. In an article for the British Library , professor MO Grenby writes, "in

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3906-672: The Grimm brothers also contributed to children's literature through their academic pursuits. As professors, they had a scholarly interest in the stories, striving to preserve them and their variations accurately, recording their sources. A similar project was carried out by the Norwegian scholars Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe , who collected Norwegian fairy tales and published them as Norwegian Folktales , often referred to as Asbjørnsen and Moe . By compiling these stories, they preserved Norway's literary heritage and helped create

3999-663: The Matthew J. Pascal Foundation and American Mothers, Inc. Felix Pollak Prize in Poetry Glascock Prize Howard Nemerov Sonnet Award Iowa Poetry Prize – sponsored by University of Iowa Press Isabella Gardner Poetry Award – sponsored by BOA Editions Jackson Poetry Prize - Honors an American poet of exceptional talent, sponsored by Poets & Writers ; in 2022, carried an award of $ 80,000 Julie Suk Award – awarded for Best Poetry Book by

4092-1075: The Nobel of a field [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Ceremonies and events Accolade Vigil Feoffment Passage fee Festival Vow Collar day Related organisations Fraternity Confraternity Fraternal order Fraternities and sororities Secret society Guild Syndicate Learned society Fellowship Honor society Hereditary society Club Gentlemen's club International Commission for Orders of Chivalry Magical organization Religious order Related concepts Chivalry Numismatics Heraldry Vexillology Service flag Battle honour Campaign streamer Nobility Order of precedence Honorary degree Devotional medal Awareness ribbon Code of conduct Code of honor High society * = Direct or indirect reference to fount of honour

4185-512: The Norwegian written language. Danish author and poet Hans Christian Andersen traveled through Europe and gathered many well-known fairy tales and created new stories in the fairy tale genre. In Switzerland , Johann David Wyss published The Swiss Family Robinson in 1812, with the aim of teaching children about family values, good husbandry, the uses of the natural world and self-reliance. The book became popular across Europe after it

4278-530: The Poet Laureate, and are expected to participate in a poetry reading at the Library of Congress in October and to organize a poetry reading in their respective cities Witter Bynner Poetry Prize – established by the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1980 to support the work of a young poet Yale Series of Younger Poets – offered by Yale University Press to a poet under the age of forty for

4371-2696: The Small Presses") Charles Causley Trust International Poetry Competition (First Prize=£2000) Derek Walcott Prize for Poetry The Poetry.com Contest (First Prize=$ 1000) Asia [ edit ] SAARC Literary Award India [ edit ] Saraswati Samman Sahitya Akademi Award given by Sahitya Akademi , India's National Academy of Letters Jnanpith Award Ananda Purashkar Kalidas Samman Pampa Award Rabindra Puraskar Karnataka Sahitya Akademi Award for Poetry Jibanananda Das Award All India Poetry Prize Korea [ edit ] Kim Su-yông Contemporary Poetry Award Malaysia [ edit ] Hadiah Sastera Perdana Malaysia Hadiah Sastera Kumpulan Utusan Hadiah Sastera Majlis Sastera Asia Tenggara (Hadiah MASTERA) Greater Middle East [ edit ] Foundation of Abdulaziz Saud Al-Babtain's Prize for Poetic Creativity Africa [ edit ] Brunel University African Poetry Prize Europe [ edit ] Austria [ edit ] Feldkircher Lyrikpreis Mondseer Lyrikpreis Croatia [ edit ] Tin Ujević Award for contributions to Croatian poetry Germany [ edit ] Ernst-Meister-Preis für Lyrik Hölty Prize Horst Bienek Prize for Poetry Leonce-und-Lena-Preis Peter-Huchel-Preis Wilhelm Busch Prize for satirical and humorous poetry Ireland [ edit ] Irish Times Poetry Now Award Patrick Kavanagh Poetry Award Italy [ edit ] Bancarella Prize Merano Poetry Prize Mondello Prize Premio Camaiore Premio Campiello Premio Hemingway Premio Viareggio Strega Prize Netherlands [ edit ] Awater Poëzieprijs C. Buddingh'-prijs J.C. Bloem-poëzieprijs Jan Campert Prize Jo Peters Poëzieprijs VSB Poetry Prize Slovenia [ edit ] Jenko Award KONS International Literary Award Veronika Award Vilenica Prize Spanish (language) [ edit ] National Poetry Award (Spain) Premio Adonais Premio Cervantes Premio Loewe (Loewe Foundation International Poetry Prize) Premio Nacional de la Crítica United Kingdom [ edit ] See also: List of British literary awards Alice Hunt Bartlett Prize Brunel University African Poetry Prize Chancellor's Gold Medal Christopher Tower Poetry Prizes Cholmondeley Award Costa Poetry Award , formerly

4464-573: The Stone by T. H. White in 1938. Children's mass paperback books were first released in England in 1940 under the Puffin Books imprint, and their lower prices helped make book buying possible for children during World War II. Enid Blyton 's books have been among the world's bestsellers since the 1930s, selling more than 600 million copies. Blyton's books are still enormously popular and have been translated into almost 90 languages. She wrote on

4557-607: The Tank Engine . Margery Sharp 's series The Rescuers is based on a heroic mouse organisation. The third Children's Laureate Michael Morpurgo published War Horse in 1982. Dick King-Smith 's novels include The Sheep-Pig (1984). Diana Wynne Jones wrote the young adult fantasy novel Howl's Moving Castle in 1986. Anne Fine 's Madame Doubtfire (1987) is based around a family with divorced parents. Anthony Horowitz 's Alex Rider series begins with Stormbreaker (2000). Philip Pullman 's His Dark Materials

4650-624: The United States. Mark Twain released Tom Sawyer in 1876. In 1880 another bestseller, Uncle Remus: His Songs and His Sayings , a collection of African American folk tales adapted and compiled by Joel Chandler Harris , appeared. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a plethora of children's novels began featuring realistic, non-magical plotlines. Certain titles received international success such as Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island (1883), L. M. Montgomery's Anne of Green Gables (1908), and Louisa May Alcott's Little Women (1869). Literature for children had developed as

4743-973: The Whitbread Poetry award Edwin Morgan Poetry Award E. H. P. Barnard Poetry Prize Eric Gregory Award Forward Prize Gaisford Prize Geoffrey Dearmer Award Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize Hippocrates Prize for Poetry and Medicine (Open and NHS -related awards) Manchester Poetry Prize Michael Marks Poetry Awards National Poetry Competition Newdigate Prize Oxford Poetry Poetry Book Awards Popescu Prize Porson Prize Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry Sarah Maguire Prize T. S. Eliot Prize Welsh Poetry Competition North America [ edit ] Canada [ edit ] Aqua Books Lansdowne Prize for Poetry Archibald Lampman Award Atlantic Poetry Prize Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize Gerald Lampert Award – for

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4836-799: The Year prize, won by The Amber Spyglass . Northern Lights won the Carnegie Medal for children's fiction in 1995. Neil Gaiman wrote the dark fantasy novella Coraline (2002). His 2008 fantasy, The Graveyard Book , traces the story of a boy who is raised by the supernatural occupants of a graveyard. In 2001, Terry Pratchett received the Carnegie Medal (his first major award) for The Amazing Maurice and His Educated Rodents . Cressida Cowell 's How to Train Your Dragon series were published between 2003 and 2015. J. K. Rowling 's Harry Potter fantasy sequence of seven novels chronicles

4929-616: The adventures of the adolescent wizard Harry Potter . The series began with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in 1997 and ended with the seventh and final book Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows in 2007; becoming the best selling book-series in history . The series has been translated into 67 languages, so placing Rowling among the most translated authors in history. While Daniel Defoe wrote Robinson Crusoe in 1719 (spawning so many imitations it defined

5022-675: The alphabet, vowels, consonants, double letters, and syllables before providing a religious rhyme of the alphabet, beginning "In Adam's fall We sinned all...", and continues through the alphabet. It also contained religious maxims, acronyms , spelling help and other educational items, all decorated by woodcuts . In 1634, the Pentamerone from Italy became the first major published collection of European folk tales. Charles Perrault began recording fairy tales in France, publishing his first collection in 1697. They were not well received among

5115-801: The best collection published in that period, or for lifetime achievement in poetry Borestone Mountain Poetry Awards – former series of annual anthologies (1948–1977) of poems selected as the best from each year's English-language magazines Brittingham Prize in Poetry Chelsea Award for Poetry – given by Chelsea magazine Cider Press Review Book Award – given by the Cider Press Review Crab Orchard Series in Poetry Open Competition Awards offers $ 3,500 for

5208-694: The best unpublished collection in English. A distinct prize with the same name is awarded in the United Kingdom Willis Barnstone Translation Prize – annual prize for an outstanding translation of a poem from any language into English Witter Bynner Fellowships – administered by the Library of Congress, the fellowships are sponsored by the Witter Bynner Foundation for Poetry, an organization that provides grant support for poetry programs through nonprofit organizations. Fellows are chosen by

5301-780: The best volume of poetry by a new author Griffin Poetry Prize – generous award for one Canadian and one foreign poet Pat Lowther Award – for the best volume of poetry written by a woman Prix Alain-Grandbois Governor General's Awards [ edit ] English language: [ edit ] Governor General's Award for English language poetry Governor General's Award for English language poetry or drama French language: [ edit ] Governor General's Award for French language poetry Governor General's Award for French language poetry or drama United States [ edit ] See also: List of American literary awards Agha Shahid Ali Poetry Prize – awarded annually in memory of this poet, sponsored by

5394-504: The body of his children's books." Professor Grenby writes, "Newbery has become known as the 'father of children's literature' chiefly because he was able to show that publishing children's books could be a commercial success." The improvement in the quality of books for children and the diversity of topics he published helped make Newbery the leading producer of children's books in his time. He published his own books as well as those by authors such as Samuel Johnson and Oliver Goldsmith ;

5487-568: The booklets as well. Johanna Bradley says, in From Chapbooks to Plum Cake , that chapbooks kept imaginative stories from being lost to readers under the strict Puritan influence of the time. Hornbooks also appeared in England during this time, teaching children basic information such as the alphabet and the Lord's Prayer . These were brought from England to the American colonies in

5580-769: The children's classic The Wind in the Willows and the Scouts founder Robert Baden-Powell 's first book, Scouting for Boys , was published. Inspiration for Frances Hodgson Burnett 's novel The Secret Garden (1910) was the Great Maytham Hall Garden in Kent. While fighting in the trenches for the British Army in World War I, Hugh Lofting created the character of Doctor Dolittle , who appears in

5673-490: The concept of childhood , that a separate genre of children's literature began to emerge, with its own divisions, expectations, and canon . The earliest of these books were educational books, books on conduct, and simple ABCs—often decorated with animals, plants, and anthropomorphic letters. In 1962, French historian Philippe Ariès argues in his book Centuries of Childhood that the modern concept of childhood only emerged in recent times. He explains that children were in

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5766-457: The concept of childhood began to emerge in Europe. Adults saw children as separate beings, innocent and in need of protection and training by the adults around them. The English philosopher John Locke developed his theory of the tabula rasa in his 1690 An Essay Concerning Human Understanding . In Locke's philosophy, tabula rasa was the theory that the (human) mind is at birth a "blank slate" without rules for processing data, and that data

5859-527: The content (the weird adventures of a young girl in a fantasy land), but also the origin of the tales as both are dedicated and given to a daughter of the author's friends. The shift to a modern genre of children's literature occurred in the mid-19th century; didacticism of a previous age began to make way for more humorous, child-oriented books, more attuned to the child's imagination. The availability of children's literature greatly increased as well, as paper and printing became widely available and affordable,

5952-437: The creation of a number of nineteenth-century fantasy and fairy tales for children which featured magic objects and talking animals. Another influence on this shift in attitudes came from Puritanism , which stressed the importance of individual salvation. Puritans were concerned with the spiritual welfare of their children, and there was a large growth in the publication of "good godly books" aimed squarely at children. Some of

6045-439: The distinguished career of a poet; considered the highest honor of the American Academy of Arts and Letters Arthur Rense Prize – in 1998, the $ 20,000 award was established to honor "an exceptional poet" once every third year Michael Braude Award for Light Verse – $ 5,000 biennial award is given "for light verse written in English regardless of the country of origin of the writer" Witter Bynner Poetry Prize – awarded by

6138-405: The first "English masterpiece written for children" and as a founding book in the development of fantasy literature, its publication opened the "First Golden Age" of children's literature in Britain and Europe that continued until the early 1900s. The fairy-tale absurdity of Wonderland has solid historical ground as a satire of the serious problems of the Victorian era. Lewis Carroll is ironic about

6231-405: The first modern children's book, A Little Pretty Pocket-Book was the first children's publication aimed at giving enjoyment to children, containing a mixture of rhymes, picture stories and games for pleasure. Newbery believed that play was a better enticement to children's good behavior than physical discipline, and the child was to record his or her behaviour daily. The book was child–sized with

6324-451: The first prize and $ 2,000 for the second prize Donald Justice Poetry Prize – sponsored by the Iris N. Spencer Poetry Awards at the West Chester University Poetry Center Dwarf Stars Award – annual award presented by the Science Fiction Poetry Association to the author of the best horror, fantasy, or science fiction poem of ten lines or fewer published in the previous year. Donna J. Stone National Literary Awards – sponsored by

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6510-415: The garden door at night and entering into a different age. William Golding 's 1954 novel Lord of the Flies focuses on a group of British boys stranded on an uninhabited island and their disastrous attempt to govern themselves. Roald Dahl wrote children's fantasy novels which were often inspired from experiences from his childhood, with often unexpected endings, and unsentimental, dark humour. Dahl

6603-437: The history of European children's literature was largely written in Germany." The Brothers Grimm preserved and published the traditional tales told in Germany . They were so popular in their home country that modern, realistic children's literature began to be looked down on there. This dislike of non-traditional stories continued there until the beginning of the next century. In addition to their collection of stories,

6696-417: The importance of comics as a global phenomenon associated with children". The International Companion Encyclopedia of Children's Literature notes that "the boundaries of genre... are not fixed but blurred". Sometimes, no agreement can be reached about whether a given work is best categorized as literature for adults or children. Some works defy easy categorization. J. K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series

6789-453: The influences of Charles Darwin and John Locke. The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries are known as the "Golden Age of Children's Literature" because many classic children's books were published then. There is no single or widely used definition of children's literature. It can be broadly defined as the body of written works and accompanying illustrations produced in order to entertain or instruct young people. The genre encompasses

6882-413: The late sixteenth century. An early example is ABC-Book , an alphabet book published by Ivan Fyodorov in 1571. The first picture book published in Russia, Karion Istomin 's The Illustrated Primer , appeared in 1694. Peter the Great 's interest in modernizing his country through Westernization helped Western children's literature dominate the field through the eighteenth century. Catherine

6975-810: The latter may have written The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes , Newbery's most popular book. Another philosopher who influenced the development of children's literature was Jean-Jacques Rousseau , who argued that children should be allowed to develop naturally and joyously. His idea of appealing to a children's natural interests took hold among writers for children. Popular examples included Thomas Day 's The History of Sandford and Merton , four volumes that embody Rousseau's theories. Furthermore, Maria and Richard Lovell Edgeworth 's Practical Education : The History of Harry and Lucy (1780) urged children to teach themselves. Rousseau's ideas also had great influence in Germany, especially on German Philanthropism ,

7068-512: The magazine over the course of the year The Best American Poetry series – maximum of 75 poems published each year in the anthology series The Best New Poets series – maximum of 50 poems published each year in the anthology series Bobbitt National Prize for Poetry – offered by the Library of Congress for the best book of poetry published by a living U.S. author during the preceding two years Bollingen Prize – offered by Yale University every two years to one or more living U.S. poets for

7161-522: The mid-seventeenth century. The first such book was a catechism for children, written in verse by the Puritan John Cotton . Known as Spiritual Milk for Boston Babes , it was published in 1646, appearing both in England and Boston . Another early book, The New England Primer , was in print by 1691 and used in schools for 100 years. The primer begins with "The young Infant's or Child's morning Prayer" and evening prayer. It then shows

7254-590: The most popular works were by James Janeway , but the most enduring book from this movement, still read today, especially in modernised versions, is The Pilgrim's Progress (1678) by John Bunyan . Chapbooks , pocket-sized pamphlets that were often folded instead of being stitched, were published in Britain; illustrated by woodblock printing , these inexpensive booklets reprinted popular ballads , historical re-tellings, and folk tales. Though not specifically published for children at this time, young people enjoyed

7347-410: The opening of Children's Literature: A Reader's History from Aesop to Harry Potter , says, "This book presents a history of what children have heard and read.... The history I write of is a history of reception ." Early children's literature consisted of spoken stories, songs, and poems, used to educate, instruct, and entertain children. It was only in the eighteenth century, with the development of

7440-521: The past not considered as greatly different from adults and were not given significantly different treatment. As evidence for this position, he notes that, apart from instructional and didactic texts for children written by clerics like the Venerable Bede and Ælfric of Eynsham , there was a lack of any genuine literature aimed specifically at children before the 18th century. Other scholars have qualified this viewpoint by noting that there

7533-445: The poet and novelist Helen Dunmore . Melanie Drane was the first non-British to win, in 2005. The competition runs annually, opening in the spring and closing at the end of October. A new team of judges (made up of three respected poets) is announced each year. The first prize is £ 5,000 and the top three winners are published in Britain's leading poetry magazine, The Poetry Review . List of poetry awards From Misplaced Pages,

7626-410: The population grew and literacy rates improved. Tom Brown's School Days by Thomas Hughes appeared in 1857, and is considered to be the founding book in the school story tradition. However, it was Lewis Carroll 's fantasy, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland , published in 1865 in England, that signaled the change in writing style for children to an imaginative and empathetic one. Regarded as

7719-644: The previous year James Laughlin Award – $ 5,000 to recognize and support a poet's second book Walt Whitman Award – first-book publication, $ 5,000, and a one-month residency at the Vermont Studio Center for an American who has not yet published a book of poetry Raiziss/de Palchi Translation Awards – $ 10,000 book prize and $ 25,000 fellowship, awarded in alternating years to recognize outstanding translations into English of modern Italian poetry Harold Morton Landon Translation Award – $ 1,000 for

7812-435: The prim and all-out regulated life of the "golden" Victorian century. One other noteworthy publication was Mark Twain 's book Tom Sawyer (1876), which was one of the first "boy books", intended for children but enjoyed by both children and adults alike. These were classified as such for the themes they contained, consisting of fighting and work. Another important book of that decade was The Water-Babies, A Fairy Tale for

7905-474: The production of adventure fiction for boys. This inspired writers who normally catered to adult audiences to write for children, a notable example being Robert Louis Stevenson 's classic pirate story Treasure Island (1883). In the years after the First World War, writers such as Arthur Ransome developed the adventure genre by setting the adventure in Britain rather than distant countries. In

7998-489: The society to a poet living in the United States who is chosen on the basis of "genius and need" Student Poetry Award William Carlos Williams Award – offered by the society for the best book of poetry published by a small, non-profit, or university press Writer Magazine/Emily Dickinson Award Awards given by the American Academy of Arts and Letters [ edit ] American Academy of Arts and Letters Gold Medals for Poetry – given every six years to honor

8091-452: Was a literature designed to convey the values, attitudes, and information necessary for children within their cultures, such as the Play of Daniel from the twelfth century. Pre-modern children's literature, therefore, tended to be of a didactic and moralistic nature, with the purpose of conveying conduct -related, educational and religious lessons. During the seventeenth century,

8184-1015: Was inspired to write Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (1964), featuring the eccentric chocolatier Willy Wonka , having grown up near two chocolate makers in England who often tried to steal trade secrets by sending spies into the other's factory. His other works include James and the Giant Peach (1961), Fantastic Mr. Fox (1970), The BFG (1982), The Witches (1983), and Matilda (1988). Starting in 1958, Michael Bond published more than twenty humorous stories about Paddington Bear . Boarding schools in literature are centred on older pre-adolescent and adolescent school life, and are most commonly set in English boarding schools . Popular school stories from this period include Ronald Searle 's comic St Trinian's (1949–1953) and his illustrations for Geoffrey Willans 's Molesworth series, Jill Murphy 's The Worst Witch , and

8277-452: Was invented, is difficult to trace. Even after printing became widespread, many classic "children's" tales were originally created for adults and later adapted for a younger audience. Since the fifteenth century much literature has been aimed specifically at children, often with a moral or religious message. Children's literature has been shaped by religious sources, like Puritan traditions, or by more philosophical and scientific standpoints with

8370-584: Was published in Switzerland in 1880 and 1881. In the US, children's publishing entered a period of growth after the American Civil War in 1865. Boys' book writer Oliver Optic published over 100 books. In 1868, the "epoch-making" Little Women , the fictionalized autobiography of Louisa May Alcott , was published. This " coming of age " story established the genre of realistic family books in

8463-542: Was still called a 'poetess' – so it meant a lot, as a young woman poet, to begin to try to change that". Christopher James, the 2008 winner, commented "if there is an unspoken Grand Slam circuit for poetry prizes, then the National Poetry Competition is definitely Wimbledon – it's the one everyone dreams of winning". Other prestigious names to have won the competition include Ruth Padel , Jo Shapcott , Sinéad Morrissey , Ian Duhig , Colette Bryce and

8556-503: Was translated into French by Isabelle de Montolieu . E. T. A. Hoffmann 's tale " The Nutcracker and the Mouse King " was published in 1816 in a German collection of stories for children, Kinder-Märchen . It is the first modern short story to introduce bizarre, odd and grotesque elements in children's literature and thereby anticipates Lewis Carroll's tale, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland . There are not only parallels concerning

8649-410: Was written and marketed for children, but it is also popular among adults. The series' extreme popularity led The New York Times to create a separate bestseller list for children's books. Despite the widespread association of children's literature with picture books, spoken narratives existed before printing , and the root of many children's tales go back to ancient storytellers. Seth Lerer , in

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