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144-589: Famous for its wide beaches, many boardwalks that include arcades , amusement parks , and water parks , the Jersey Shore is a popular vacation spot for residents of North Jersey , New York , Maryland , Delaware , Connecticut , and Pennsylvania . Certain shore communities are also popular with visitors of the Canadian province of Quebec . Due to New Jersey's peninsular geography, both sunrise and sunset are visible over water from different points on

288-412: A 2013 fire . The community is also known as the setting of the hit MTV show Jersey Shore , as well as various editions of MTV True Life and MTV Summer Beach House . Long Beach Island , colloquially known as LBI, is a barrier island and summer colony approximately 18 miles (29 km) in length. The primary industries include tourism , fishing , and real estate . The only access point to

432-719: A Knight Bachelor in November 1674, the first time his Welsh name Harri became officially Anglicised to Henry, a common practice in an age of English dominance. Two months later, Morgan and Carbery left for Jamaica. They were accompanied by Modyford, released from the Tower of London without charge and made the Chief Justice of Jamaica. They travelled on board the Jamaica Merchant , which held cannon and shot meant to boost Port Royal's defences. The ship foundered on

576-524: A fire ship aimed at Espinosa's flagship, Magdalen would work. To this end, a crew of 12 prepared a ship that had been seized in Gibraltar. They disguised vertical logs of wood with headwear, to make the Spaniards believe that the vessel was fully crewed. To make it look more heavily armed, additional portholes were cut in the hull and logs placed to resemble cannons. Barrels of powder were placed in

720-599: A pier -like structure. One of the earliest such boardwalks was designed in New Jersey and opened June 26, 1870, in Atlantic City , and one of the longest is Mazatlán 's Malecón , at 13 miles (21 km) of oceanfront boardwalk. In the 19th century, seaside living and entertainment became popular. Primarily in the Jersey Shore coastal region of New Jersey , United States, walks made of boards (hence

864-534: A state funeral , and laid Morgan's body at King's House for the public to pay respects. An amnesty was declared so that pirates and privateers could pay their respects without fear of arrest. He was buried at Palisadoes cemetery, Port Royal, followed by a 22-gun salute from the ships moored in the harbour. Morgan was a wealthy man when he died. His personal wealth was valued at £5,263. His will initially left his plantations and slaves to his wife, Mary Elizabeth, but because they were childless, on her death his estate

1008-705: A 165 feet (50 m) tall lighthouse overlooking the Barnegat Inlet , located in a state park at the island's northern tip. A small amusement park, Fantasy Island, serves the surrounding communities, and the original Ron Jon Surf Shop location sits at the foot of the Manahawkin Bay Bridge in Ship Bottom . Brigantine is an island community, the northernmost in Atlantic County. The Brigantine Lighthouse, constructed to attract tourists,

1152-489: A 2.5-mile boardwalk, and a downtown shopping and dining district. Gillian's Wonderland Pier and Playland's Castaway Cove are two large amusement parks located along the boardwalk, with both family and thrill rides. A water park, various arcades, miniature golf courses, and a historic entertainment hall, the Ocean City Music Pier, round out the boardwalk attractions. Corson's Inlet State Park was established by

1296-437: A Victorian-inspired mixed-use community consisting of rental residences atop retail space, opened. A public grassy area called Festival Plaza is the site of regular events, including concerts, arts & crafts fairs, outdoor movies, and holiday events. Long Branch is also home to Max's Famous Hotdogs and its rival, the original WindMill Hot Dogs , located in a windmill -shaped building since 1963. The borough of Allenhurst

1440-425: A council of war for all his captains, which took place on Oxford . A spark in the ship's powder magazine destroyed the ship and over 200 of its crew. Morgan and the captains seated on one side of the table were blown into the water and survived; the four captains on the other side of the table were all killed. The loss of Oxford meant Morgan's flotilla was too small to attempt an attack on Cartagena. Instead he

1584-526: A general resentment and grief, to see such a small booty". When Morgan reported the taking of Puerto Principe to Modyford, he informed the governor that they had evidence that the Spanish were planning an attack on British territory: "we found seventy men had been pressed to go against Jamaica ... and considerable forces were expected from Vera Cruz and Campeachy ... and from Porto Bello and Cartagena to rendezvous at St Jago of Cuba [Santiago]". After

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1728-517: A hero and soon regained the favour of the government and King Charles II . Morgan was then appointed a Knight Bachelor in November 1674 and returned to the Colony of Jamaica shortly thereafter to serve as the territory's Lieutenant Governor . He served on the Assembly of Jamaica until 1683 ; on three occasions, he acted as governor in the absence of the then-current post-holder. His reputation

1872-552: A kicking ... to vomit every morning and generally a small looseness attending him, and withal is much given to drinking and sitting up late, which I supposed had been the cause of his present indisposition. By the 1670s and 1680s, Morgan, as owner of three large plantations, led three campaigns against the Jamaican Maroons of Juan de Serras . Morgan achieved some success against the Maroons, who withdrew further into

2016-425: A kitchen and bathroom and are stored in the sheds during the winter. They are in such demand that there is a waiting list of ten years for summer rentals. Ocean Grove was named one of the top 15 best beaches by Fodor's in 2014. Belmar is a popular vacation destination due to its natural and recreational resources. Its boardwalk and town offer shops, restaurants, an active arts scene, sporting events, festivals, and

2160-587: A large Spanish squadron as he escaped . In 1671 , Morgan and company attacked Panama City , landing on the Caribbean coast and traversing the isthmus and its jungles before they attacked the city , located on the Pacific coast. This event occurred after the signing of a peace treaty , and, to appease the Spanish, Morgan was arrested and summoned to London in 1672 ; the Welshman was popularly celebrated as

2304-486: A large number of privateers. Zahedieh observes that the army of privateers was the largest that had gathered in the Caribbean at the time, which was "a mark of Morgan's renown". Morgan's first action was to take the connected islands of Old Providence and Santa Catalina in December 1670. From there his fleet sailed to Chagres , the port from which ships were loaded with goods to transport back to Spain. Morgan took

2448-520: A large tract of farmland with the vision of creating a resort and religious retreat area catering to the wealthy- similar in fashion to the communities of Newport, Rhode Island , and Bar Harbor, Maine . Grand hotels and guest cottages were constructed to accommodate an anticipated influx well-to-do seasonal visitors. Notably, in 1900 many of the largest hotels were destroyed by fire, leaving way for wealthy families to construct houses for year round living. But to this day, few original structures remain; as it

2592-477: A letter of marque for the invasion of Curaçao , although he did not attack Willemstad , the main city, either after he decided that it was too well defended or that there was insufficient plunder. Alternatively, Jan Rogoziński and Stephan Talty, in their histories of Morgan and piracy, record that during the year, Morgan oversaw the Port Royal militia and the defence of Jamaica; Fort Charles at Port Royal

2736-758: A libel suit against the book's publishers William Crooke and Thomas Malthus. In his affidavit he stated that he had "against evil deeds, piracies and robberies the greatest abhorrence and distrust", and that "for the kind of men called buccaneers", he "always had and still has hatred". The court found in his favour and the book was retracted; damages of £200 were paid to him. In December 1687 Lynch's permanent replacement arrived in Port George, Morgan's friend from his time in London, Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle . He dismissed Molesworth and gave Morgan an unofficial role as advisor. In July 1688 Albemarle persuaded

2880-732: A memorandum for the King on improving Jamaica's defences. Although Morgan was never charged with an offence, he gave informal evidence to the Lords of Trade and Plantations that he had no knowledge of the Treaty of Madrid prior to his attack on Panama. Unhappy with Lynch's conduct in Jamaica, the King and his advisers decided in January 1674 to replace him with John Vaughan, 3rd Earl of Carbery with Morgan sent as his deputy. King Charles appointed Morgan

3024-732: A new ferry service in South Amboy, which connects to Lower and Midtown Manhattan . Both towns are served by the North Jersey Coast Line . Laurence Harbor is an unincorporated community located in Old Bridge . The waterfront neighborhood looks directly upon many points in New York City , including Staten Island 's South Shore; the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge ; Lower Manhattan (and

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3168-665: A parcel of land in the now-defunct parish of St George to another Robert Byndloss (born c. 1673) the eldest son of his brother-in-law Robert Byndloss. Morgan also left some land in Saint Mary Parish, Jamaica , to his friend, Roger Elletson, ancestor of a future governor of Jamaica with the same name. Morgan's will was probated in 1689, and at his death he owned title to 131 Africans as slaves on his estates, 64 men and 67 women, including 33 children, valued at £1,923. Morgan died on 25 August 1688 at Lawrencefield Estate , located in modern Port Maria , Jamaica. Albemarle ordered

3312-564: A permanent boardwalk was constructed. The Kemah Boardwalk is a hotel and restaurant promenade in Kemah, Texas . The main attractions of the complex, which opened in 2001, are its many restaurants overlooking Galveston Bay , recreational sailing, and amusement pier. Additional attractions include a 36-foot (11 m) carousel, a 65-foot (20 m) Ferris wheel and a wooden roller coaster. Henry Morgan Sir Henry Morgan ( Welsh : Harri Morgan ; c.  1635 – 25 August 1688)

3456-638: A popular shore destination for residents from New York and North Jersey to see thoroughbred racing. The Haskell Invitational Stakes take place annually in August. Long Branch developed into a resort town in the late 18th century, with oceanside hotels, large estates, and grand theaters. It was visited by seven United States presidents, including Ulysses S. Grant , Chester A. Arthur , Rutherford B. Hayes , James A. Garfield , Benjamin Harrison , William McKinley , and Woodrow Wilson . All seven worshiped at

3600-517: A portion of Lower Township situated on the island. Its most notable features are its beach and 1.8 miles (2.9 km) boardwalk, home to the Morey's Piers amusement complex and Raging Waters and Ocean Oasis Waterparks owned by Morey's Piers. The boardwalk features a trolley called the " Tramcar ", which runs from end to end. The Wildwoods is home to over 200 motels, built during the Doo-Wop era of

3744-433: A pro-Spanish faction had gained the ear of King Charles II , and English foreign policy had changed accordingly. Modyford admonished Morgan for his action, which had gone beyond his commission, and revoked the letters of marque; no official action was taken against any of the privateers. Morgan invested a share of his prize money in an 836-acre (338 ha) plantation – his second such investment. In 1669 Mariana,

3888-504: A result of Hurricane Sandy . Both Casino Pier and Funtown Pier suffered major damage, with sections of both piers torn apart by a powerful storm surge that caused many rides to collapse into the ocean. One such ride, Casino Pier's Star Jet , became a symbol of the storm's destruction as it sat upright in the Atlantic Ocean after the pier washed out below it. A portion of the rebuilt boardwalk and all of Funtown Pier were destroyed in

4032-412: A rooftop miniature golf course. Across the street, a go-kart track, a new miniature golf course, and a waterpark, Breakwater Beach, round out the attraction list. The rest of the 2-mile (3.2 km) long boardwalk offers various arcades, attractions, souvenir shops, restaurants and food stands. On October 29, 2012, substantial portions of the boardwalk were damaged and much of the borough was flooded as

4176-472: A small island he used as a rendezvous point. His plan was to attack the Spanish settlement of Cartagena de Indias , the richest and most important city on the Spanish Main. In December he was joined by a former Royal Navy frigate , Oxford , which had been sent to Port Royal to aid in any defence of Jamaica. Modyford sent the vessel to Morgan, who made it his flagship. On 2 January 1669 Morgan called

4320-576: A ten per cent share, which was the price of Morgan's letter of marque. As Morgan had overstepped the limits of his commission, Modyford reported back to London that he had "reproved" him for his actions although, Zahedieh observes, in Britain "Morgan was widely viewed as a national hero and neither he nor Modyford were rebuked for their actions". Morgan did not stay long in Port Royal and in October 1668 sailed with ten ships and 800 men for Île-à-Vache ,

4464-539: A translation of Exquemelin's book was published in England, Morgan sued for libel and won. The passage about the use of nuns and monks as a human shield was retracted from subsequent publications in England. Morgan and his men remained in Porto Bello for a month. He wrote to Don Agustín, the acting president of Panama, to demand a ransom for the city of 350,000 pesos . As they stripped the city of its wealth it

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4608-620: A variety of family-oriented activities. Belmar is also a popular party town for young adults and college students. Belmar is among the most popular surf spots on the East Coast, frequently hosting surfing events and competitions. Spring Lake is easily recognized by its tree lined streets, stately mansions, and seasonal cottages (of which few remain). During the Gilded Age of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, prominent members of New York City and Philadelphia high society purchased

4752-561: A welcome in the city if Morgan received the dues owed to him. As Morgan was no longer able to issue letters of marque to privateer captains, his brother-in-law, Robert Byndloss , directed them to the French governor of Tortuga to have a letter issued; Byndloss and Morgan received a commission for each one signed. In July 1676 Carbery called for a hearing against Morgan in front of the Assembly of Jamaica, accusing him of collaborating with

4896-611: Is a central identifying symbol of the city. Brigantine is home to the Marine Mammal Stranding Center , the state's only rescue center for stranded marine mammals and sea turtles. It has rescued more than 3,900 whales, dolphins, seals and sea turtles since it was formed. Part of the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge is located on the northern end of the island. The town is named after

5040-498: Is a promenade along a beach or waterfront. In North America, and particularly in the United States, many waterfront commercial boardwalks have become so successful as tourist attractions that the simple wooden pathways have been replaced by esplanades made of concrete, brick or other construction, sometimes with a wooden façade on the surface. An entertainment boardwalk often contains an amusement park , casinos , or hotels on

5184-575: Is also popular for jogging and dog walking . At the northern parking lot of the park, there is bay beach swimming access along with a bathroom and showers. Union Beach is a borough situated on the North Shore of Monmouth County, on Raritan Bay . Union Beach is part of the Bayshore Regional Strategic Plan , an effort by nine municipalities in northern Monmouth County to reinvigorate the area's economy by emphasizing

5328-679: Is at the southern tip of Cape May Peninsula where the Delaware Bay meets the Atlantic Ocean and is one of the country's oldest vacation resort destinations. The Cape May – Lewes Ferry connects US 9 from Cape May to Lewes, Delaware . The following is a list of all the towns within the state of New Jersey that have a beach either along the Raritan Bay or Atlantic Ocean , listed north to south: Middlesex County Boardwalk (entertainment district) A boardwalk

5472-543: Is best known for its shoreline Residential Historic District , roughly bounded by the Atlantic Ocean, Main Street, Cedar Avenue, Hume Street, and Elberon Avenue. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 18, 2010, for its historical architectural significance . It includes 412 contributing buildings . Asbury Park developed through the 1920s and 1930s as a resort destination for

5616-469: Is home to The Great Auditorium, a 6,250-seat indoor arena constructed out of wood in 1894 on bridge-like iron trusses laid on stone foundations. The Auditorium contains a pipe organ that is one of the 20 largest in the world. Surrounding the Auditorium are 114  tents, which are occupied from May to September, just as they have been since the town's founding. The tents adjoin to rear sheds containing

5760-609: Is named after the 1703 family that had 645 acres (2.61 km2) here and were cousins of the infamous pirate captain Henry Morgan . Morgan is located one mile to the northwest, across the Cheesequake Creek and the Morgan Bridge on New Jersey Route 35 . The Morgan Draw carries the North Jersey Coast Line . Laurence Harbor is home to Old Bridge Waterfront Park, which consists of a new boardwalk (the old boardwalk

5904-560: Is now commonplace to raise lots and demolish structures in order to make way for the largest homes possible. Of those still in existence, the Martin Maloney Cottage and the Audenried Cottage serve as examples of what now remains. Manasquan has an active downtown area defined by its Main Street, lined with small businesses and original Victorian houses. It is home to a historic 540-seat theatre, named after

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6048-631: Is one of the largest clothing-optional beaches on the East Coast . The northern end of the peninsula is home to the Sandy Hook Lighthouse , the Marine Academy of Science and Technology , and the restored buildings of Fort Hancock , a former United States Army base. Spread across Sandy Hook are former military installations, including four ammunition bunkers, two gun stations, and a Nike Missile Base. Red Bank , overlooking

6192-411: Is probable that torture was used on the residents to uncover hidden caches of money and jewels. Zahedieh records that there were no first-hand reports from witnesses that confirmed Exquemelin's claim of widespread rape and debauchery. After an attempt by Don Agustín to recapture the city by force – his army of 800 soldiers was repelled by the privateers – he negotiated a ransom of 100,000 pesos. Following

6336-584: Is the home of Monmouth Park Racetrack , one of the oldest thoroughbred racing tracks in the country. The original racing track was opened by the Monmouth Park Association on July 30, 1870, in nearby Eatontown to increase summer tourism for communities along the Shore. Monmouth Park early on earned the nickname as the " Newmarket of America" due to the excellence of its racing. However, after three years of being open financial issues caused

6480-625: The Asbury Music Awards and the Garden State Film Festival continue to draw tourists to the city. Ocean Grove was originally developed in 1869 as a Methodist summer camp meeting site. Today, it is an unincorporated community located within Neptune Township and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Ocean Grove is noted for its abundant examples of Victorian architecture . It

6624-485: The Atlantic Ocean at the Manasquan Inlet, and the borough derives its name from this location. The town's boardwalk is approximately one mile long, and its central third is home to Jenkinsons' amusement park, aquarium, and arcades, as well as numerous pizza restaurants, ice cream parlors, games-of-chance , and miniature golf courses. Point Pleasant is home to the first Jersey Mike's sub shop, founded in

6768-564: The Blue Mountains , where they were able to stay out of his reach. However, Morgan failed in his attempts to capture de Serras and subdue his community of runaway slaves. By the time of his death, Morgan owned three plantations enslaving large numbers of Africans. He left most of his estate to his wife for her lifetime. On her death, most of his land and slaves were passed to his nephew Charles, second son of Robert Byndloss, who served as Chief Justice of Jamaica in 1681. Morgan also left

6912-649: The Church of the Presidents in the city, and beachside Seven Presidents Park is named for their visits. Long Branch's popularity waned in the years following World War II , with the opening of the Garden State Parkway in the mid-1950s allowing tourists to access points further south. The defining moment marking the end of this era occurred on June 8, 1987, when a large fire destroyed the town's pier and adjoining amusement park. In 2005, Pier Village ,

7056-684: The Empire State Building in Midtown Manhattan on a clear night); and Brooklyn . The New Jersey Transit Railroad no longer has a station in Laurence Harbor. It had a Morgan station during most of the 1st half of the 20th century, located right across Cheesequake Creek, sometimes referred to locally as "The Front", from Laurence Harbor, dividing the community into eastern and western sections. Cliffwood Beach also borders Laurence Harbor when traveling south. Morgan

7200-464: The Empress Hotel , the state's first gay-oriented hotel, opening. Since the early 2000s, a burgeoning crowd of artists along with local political leaders have helped push the town through major redevelopment, which is still ongoing. Asbury Park still retains the lively music scene which made it famous, with newer music venues such as The Saint operating alongside the older stalwarts. Events like

7344-659: The Kemah Boardwalk in Texas remain popular tourist attractions to this day. Several notable boardwalks in the United States include: The first boardwalk in the United States, the Atlantic City Boardwalk in Atlantic City, New Jersey runs for a length of 5 miles (8.0 km), including an extension that runs 1.7 miles (2.7 km) into the neighboring Ventnor City. Casinos and hotels front

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7488-514: The Kingdom of England and Spain worsened in 1667 , Modyford gave Morgan a letter of marque , or a licence, to attack and seize Spanish vessels. Morgan subsequently conducted successful and highly lucrative raids on Puerto del Príncipe (now Camagüey in modern Cuba ) and Porto Bello (now Portobelo in modern Panamá ). In 1668 , he sailed for Maracaibo , Venezuela , and Gibraltar , on Lake Maracaibo ; he plundered both cities before destroying

7632-726: The Navesink River , is a noted social and commercial destination, filled with boutiques , designer clothing stores, parks, and restaurants. The town is also considered a center of artistic activity and is home to the Monmouth County Arts Council, as well as the Count Basie Theatre , Two River Theater , and several art galleries. Various festivals held by the town, including the Red Bank Jazz & Blues Festival , draw tourists throughout

7776-587: The New Jersey Legislature in 1969 to protect and preserve one of the last undeveloped tracts of land along the state's oceanfront. The Wildwoods is used as a collective term for the four communities that have "Wildwood" as part of the municipality name — the Borough of Wildwood Crest , City of Wildwood , Borough of West Wildwood and the City of North Wildwood — together with Diamond Beach ,

7920-410: The New York metro area , and it remained that way through World War II . The Paramount Theatre and Asbury Park Convention Hall , both connected to the boardwalk via a grand arcade, drew considerable tourists. The post-war era of the 1950s and 1960s saw the construction of the Garden State Parkway and the Monmouth Mall , taking visitors away from Asbury Park and its shopping areas. At the same time,

8064-400: The Ocean Casino Resort , Borgata , Harrah's , Caesars , and Tropicana draw tourists from around the world. The Atlantic City Boardwalk is the world's oldest boardwalk , opening on June 26, 1870. At 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles (8.9 km) long, it is also the world's longest and busiest boardwalk. The boardwalk starts at Absecon Inlet and runs along the beach for 4 miles (6 km) to

8208-428: The Raritan River , make up The Amboys . Perth Amboy was a resort town in the 19th century and early 20th century, located on the northern edge of the Raritan Bayshore . Since the early 1990s Perth Amboy has seen redevelopment. Small businesses have started to open up, helped by the city's designation as an urban enterprise zone . The waterfront has also seen a rebirth, with new parks, a new promenade and an expansion of

8352-405: The San Carlos de la Barra Fortress , 20 miles (32 km) outside the city, on the approach. Talty states that the fortress was placed in an excellent position to defend the town, but that the Spanish had undermanned it, leaving only nine men to load and fire the fortress's 11 guns. Under covering cannon fire from the privateer's flagship, Lilly , Morgan and his men landed on the beach and stormed

8496-445: The Spanish Empire . Much of the plunder was from privateering , whereby individuals and ships were commissioned by government to attack the country's enemies. It is probable that in the early 1660s Morgan was active with a group of privateers led by Sir Christopher Myngs attacking Spanish cities and settlements in the Caribbean and Central America when England was at war with Spain. It is likely that in 1663 Morgan captained one of

8640-412: The 1655 capture of Jamaica by the English, or he may have been abducted in Bristol and transported to Barbados , where he was sold as a servant. In the 17th century the Caribbean offered an opportunity for young men to become rich quickly, although significant investment was needed to obtain high returns from the sugar export economy. Other opportunities for financial gain were through trade or plunder of

8784-447: The 1950s and 1960s, in an area recognized by the state of New Jersey, known as the Wildwoods Shore Resort Historic District ' The term doo-wop was coined by Cape May 's Mid-Atlantic Center For The Arts in the early 1990s to describe the unique, space-age architectural style, which is also referred to as the Googie or populuxe style. The motels are unique in appearance, with Vegas-like neon signs and fantastic architecture . Cape May

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8928-461: The 1980s destroyed many of the town's main attractions, including the Dance Hall Auditorium, the Keansburg Bowling Alley, and the Casino Theater. The Keansburg Amusement Park, founded in 1904, started a massive expansion project in 1995. Upgrades were made to the park and an adjacent water park, Runaway Rapids, was constructed Atlantic Highlands , which overlooks where the Atlantic Ocean and Raritan Bay meet at Sandy Hook, contains Mount Mitchill ,

9072-400: The Caribbean between the two countries; it included an agreement to revoke all letters of marque and similar commissions. The historian Violet Barbour considers it probable that one of the Spanish conditions was the removal of Modyford from the Governorship. Modyford was arrested and sent to England by his replacement Sir Thomas Lynch . The destruction of Panama so soon after the signing of

9216-484: The Caribbean, and negotiations between Morgan and Espinosa continued for a week. The final offer put by the Spanish commander was for Morgan to leave all their spoils and slaves and to return to Jamaica unmolested, but no agreement was reached that would allow Morgan and his men to pass the fleet with their spoils but without attack. Morgan put the Spaniards' offers to his men, who voted instead to fight their way out. As they were heavily outgunned, one privateer suggested that

9360-430: The Dutch. Many of the privateers, including Morgan, did not take up the letters, although an expedition to conquer the Dutch island of Sint Eustatius led to the death of Morgan's father-in-law, who was leading a 600-man force. Sources differ about Morgan's activities in 1666. H. R. Allen, in his biography of Morgan, considers the privateer was the second-in-command to Captain Edward Mansvelt . Mansvelt had been issued

9504-426: The English forces. That evening, with Spanish forces deployed to repel a landing, Morgan's fleet raised anchor without unfurling their sails; the fleet moved on the tide, raising sail only when it had moved level with the fortress, and Morgan and his men made their way back to Port Royal unscathed. Zahedieh considers the escape showed Morgan's "characteristic cunning and audacity". During his absence from Port Royal,

9648-465: The English privateers and take prisoners of the Spanish nation, whereby he might inform of the intention of that enemy to attack Jamaica, of which I have frequent and strong advice". He was given the rank of admiral and, in January 1668, assembled 10 ships and 500 men for the task; he was subsequently joined by 2 more ships and 200 men from Tortuga (now part of Haiti ). Morgan's letter of marque gave him permission to attack Spanish ships at sea; there

9792-447: The French to attack Spanish interests. Morgan admitted he had met the French officials, but indicated that this was diplomatic relations, rather than anything duplicitous. In the summer of 1677 the Lords of Trade said they had yet to come to a decision on the matter and in early 1678 the king and the Privy Council recalled Carbery from Jamaica, leaving Morgan as governor for three months. In July 1678 Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle ,

9936-433: The Jersey Shore. In 2012, Hurricane Sandy devastated much of the northern part of the Jersey Shore, spawning the demolition and rebuilding of entire neighborhoods, with reinvention on a physically and financially elevated, and economically upscale level; this process of gentrification escalated property values and transformed communities on the Jersey Shore into a second home for the New York financial community , akin to

10080-417: The Long Beach Island, including the communities of Barnegat Light , Loveladies , Harvey Cedars , and North Beach, are home to an assortment of high-end waterfront vacation homes. The southern end contains significantly more year-round residents and businesses, particularly in the larger boroughs of Beach Haven , Long Beach , and Surf City . Long Beach Island typically attracts a family-oriented crowd during

10224-423: The Native American tribe that inhabited the land before European settlement. Built in 1938 as a movie house, it converted during May 1994 to a professional theatre. Over the course of the 20th century, much of the traditional neighborhood beach bungalows were demolished and replaced with dwellings to accommodate larger single families, helping turn Manasquan into a predominately year-round residential community, easing

10368-551: The Queen Regent of Spain , ordered attacks on English shipping in the Caribbean. The first action took place in March 1670 when Spanish privateers attacked English trade ships. In response Modyford commissioned Morgan "to do and perform all manner of exploits, which may tend to the preservation and quiet of this island". By December Morgan was sailing toward the Spanish Main with a fleet of over 30 English and French ships carrying

10512-482: The Secretary of State to bemoan Morgan's "drinking and gaming at the taverns" of Port Royal. Although Morgan had been ordered to eradicate piracy from Jamaican waters, he continued his friendly relations with many privateer captains, and invested in some of their ships. Zahedieh estimates that there were 1,200 privateers operating in the Caribbean at the time, and Port Royal was their preferred destination. These had

10656-454: The action, one of the English privateers quarrelled with one of his French shipmates and stabbed him in the back, killing him. Before a riot between the French and English sailors could begin, Morgan arrested the English sailor, and promised the French sailors that the man would be hanged on his return to Port Royal. Morgan kept his word and the sailor was hanged. After dividing the spoils of

10800-418: The areas became more developed, more businesses began to move into boardwalk districts, and eventually amusement rides such as the carousel came to larger boardwalks. By the beginning of the 20th century, boardwalks had become destinations unto themselves, with events such as Easter parades becoming mainstays of the boardwalks. Many early boardwalk towns advertised themselves as health resorts, as physicians of

10944-519: The army of Robert Venables , sent by Oliver Cromwell as part of the Caribbean expedition against the Spanish in the West Indies in 1654, or he may have served as an apprentice to a maker of cutlery for three years in exchange for the cost of his emigration. Richard Browne, who served as surgeon under Morgan in 1670 stated that Morgan had travelled either as a "private gentleman" soon after

11088-461: The assembly packed with men loyal to him. In 1684 Lynch died, and was temporarily replaced as governor by his friend, the lieutenant-general, Hender Molesworth . In 1684 an account of Morgan's exploits was published by Exquemelin, in a Dutch volume entitled De Americaensche Zee-Roovers (trans: About the Buccaneers of America ). Morgan took steps to discredit the book and successfully brought

11232-427: The battlefield; scared by the noise of the gunfire, they turned and stampeded over their keepers and some of the remaining Spanish troops. The battle was a rout: the Spanish lost between 400 and 500 men, against 15 privateers killed. Panama's governor had sworn to burn down the city if his troops lost to the privateers, and he had placed barrels of gunpowder around the largely wooden buildings. These were detonated by

11376-787: The boardwalk, and contains the Cyclone roller coaster, the Wonder Wheel Ferris wheel, the Luna Park and Deno's Wonder Wheel Amusement Park amusement parks, and the defunct Parachute Jump ride, as well as the New York Aquarium . The 2.5 miles (4.0 km) boardwalk in Ocean City, Maryland is one of the oldest in the United States, dating to 1902. Originally called "Atlantic Avenue", it started out as temporary boards that would be stored at high tide. In 1910

11520-569: The boardwalk, as well as retail stores, restaurants, and amusements. Popular entertainments available on the Atlantic City Boardwalk include rolling chairs, saltwater taffy, and amusement piers such as Steel Pier . Riegelmann Boardwalk runs for 2.51 miles (4.04 km) on Coney Island in New York City, along the southern shore of Brooklyn adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean. It became known for its amusement parks along

11664-546: The burning vessel, but a problem with the rigging meant they drifted aimlessly; privateers boarded the ship, fixed the rigging and claimed the craft as plunder. The third Spanish vessel was also sunk by the privateers. Morgan still needed to pass the San Carlos de la Barra Fortress, but was still out-gunned by the stronghold, which had the ability to destroy the privateer fleet if it tried to pass. The privateer decided to negotiate, and threatened to sack and burn Maracaibo if he

11808-562: The captain of artillery after Morgan's victory; the resultant fires lasted until the following day. Only a few stone buildings remained standing afterwards. Much of Panama's wealth was destroyed in the conflagration, although some had been removed by ships, before the privateers arrived. The privateers spent three weeks in Panama and plundered what they could from the ruins. Morgan's second-in-command, Captain Edward Collier , supervised

11952-467: The city include Playground Pier , Tanger Outlets The Walk , and The Quarter at Tropicana . Notable landmarks include Boardwalk Hall , an arena and convention center opened in 1929, and Steel Pier , an amusement park on a 1,000 foot (300 m) long pier over the Atlantic Ocean. Home of the Miss America pageant, Atlantic City has been featured in numerous films and television series, most notably as

12096-455: The city largely deserted, its residents having been forewarned of his approach by the fortress's troops. He spent three weeks sacking the city. Privateers searched the surrounding jungle to find the escapees; they, and some of the remaining occupants, were tortured to find where money or treasure had been hidden. Satisfied he had stolen all he could, he sailed south across Lake Maracaibo, to Gibraltar. The town's occupants refused to surrender, and

12240-590: The city limit. An additional 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles (2 km) of the boardwalk extend into neighboring Ventnor City . Casinos and hotels front the boardwalk, as well as stores, restaurants, games, and other attractions. Events like Thunder over the Boardwalk , as well as more traditional attractions like the Absecon Lighthouse and Lucy the Elephant , bring in additional visitors. Shopping in

12384-496: The city's music scene gained prominence with artists like Bruce Springsteen & the E Street Band and Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes getting their starts at venues like Asbury Lanes and The Stone Pony , the latter one of New Jersey's best-known music venues. These acts and others led to the development of a sub-genre of rock and roll known as the Jersey Shore sound . Race riots on July 4, 1970 , resulted in

12528-506: The conquest of Puerto del Príncipe, Morgan announced a plan to attack Porto Bello (now in modern-day Panama). The city was the third largest and strongest on the Spanish Main , and on one of the main routes of trade between the Spanish territories and Spain. Because of the value of the goods passing through its port, Porto Bello was protected by two castles in the harbour and another in the town. The 200 French privateers, unhappy with

12672-434: The construction of ladders wide enough for three men to climb abreast; when they were completed he "commanded all the religious men and women whom he had taken prisoners to fix them against the walls of the castle ... these were forced, at the head of the companies to raise and apply them to the walls ... Thus many of the religious men and nuns were killed". Terry Breverton, in his biography of Morgan, writes that when

12816-411: The defending infantry. They were met with well-organised firing from Morgan's main force of troops. When the party came into view at the end of the ravine, they were charged by the Spanish cavalry, but organised fire destroyed the cavalry and the party attacked the flank of the main Spanish force. In an effort to disorganise Morgan's forces, the governor of Panama released two herds of oxen and bulls onto

12960-439: The destruction of various buildings across the city. A popular indoor amusement complex, Palace Amusements , was closed in 1988 and demolished in 2004, despite multiple attempts to save it. A pair of large murals on the building's side known collectively as " Tillie " became an icon of the Jersey Shore and was saved. In the 1990s, Asbury Park emerged as a prime LGBT destination , with multiple gay bars and nightclubs, as well as

13104-407: The division of the treasure and the murder of their countryman, left Morgan's service and returned to Tortuga. Morgan and his ships briefly landed at Port Royal before leaving for Porto Bello. On 11 July 1668 Morgan anchored short of Porto Bello and transferred his men to 23 canoes, which they paddled to within three miles (4.8 km) of the target. They landed and approached the first castle from

13248-461: The end of the month. About 1,500 privateers used Jamaica as a base for their activity and brought much revenue to the island. As the planting community of 5,000 was still new and developing, the revenue from the privateers was needed to avoid economic collapse. A privateer was granted a letter of marque which gave him a licence to attack and seize vessels, normally of a specified country, or with conditions attached. A portion of all spoils obtained by

13392-628: The five years up to 1680. Morgan and his allies on the Assembly of Jamaica made earnest efforts to deal with privateers and pirates. However, he was soon undermined by his secretary Rowland Powell, who forged his name to an illegal proclamation establishing the monopoly of the Royal African Company . Criticism of Morgan's governance was also fomented in London by two former governors of Jamaica, Carbery and Lynch. After Lynch paid £50,000 to Charles II, Morgan's commissions as lieutenant-governor and lieutenant-general were revoked and Lynch

13536-599: The focus on summer tourism. The Manasquan Inlet is the northern terminus of the inland portion of the Intracoastal Waterway . It provides surfers with waves that are corralled, refracted, and enlarged by the jetty protruding out into the Atlantic Ocean . Point Pleasant Beach is situated on the Barnegat Peninsula , a long, narrow barrier peninsula that divides the Barnegat Bay from

13680-401: The following day. They were opposed by approximately 1,200 Spanish infantry and 400 cavalry; most were inexperienced. Morgan sent a 300-strong party of men down a ravine that led to the foot of a small hill on the Spanish right flank. As they disappeared from view, the Spanish front line thought the privateers were retreating, and the left wing broke rank and chased, followed by the remainder of

13824-439: The following two years are not documented, but in early 1666 he was married in Port Royal to his cousin, Mary Morgan, the daughter of Edward , the island's Deputy Governor; the marriage gave Henry access to the upper levels of Jamaican society. The couple had no children. Hostilities between the English and Dutch in 1664 led to a change in government policy: colonial governors were now authorised to issue letters of marque against

13968-471: The fort fired enough of a barrage to ensure Morgan kept his distance. He anchored a short distance away and his men landed by canoe and assaulted the town from the landward approach. He met scant resistance, as many of the occupants had fled into the surrounding jungle. He spent five weeks in Gibraltar, and there was again evidence that torture was used to force residents to reveal hidden money and valuables. Four days after he left Maracaibo, Morgan returned. He

14112-429: The fortification; they found it empty when they eventually breached its defences. A search soon found that the Spanish had left a slow-burning fuse leading to the fort's powder kegs as a trap for the buccaneers, which Morgan extinguished. The fort's guns were spiked and then buried so they could not be used against the privateers when they returned from the rest of their mission. Morgan arrived at Maracaibo to find

14256-444: The highest point on the eastern seaboard south of Maine , rising 266 feet (81 m) above sea level. The Manhattan skyline can be seen from the borough's ridges and its shoreline. Pleasure, fishing, and commuter boats sail from its harbor, which was built from 1938 through 1940. It is the largest on the East Coast. Atlantic Highlands is home to 715 seacraft including the high-speed SeaStreak ferry service to New York City, which

14400-710: The inspiration for pirate -themed works of fiction across a range of genres. Born Harri Morgan around 1635 in Wales, either in Llanrumney or Pencarn (both in Monmouthshire , between Cardiff and Newport). The historian David Williams , writing in the Dictionary of Welsh Biography , observes that attempts to identify his parents and antecedents "have all proved unsatisfactory", although his will referred to distant relations. Several sources state Morgan's father

14544-759: The island by car is via the Manahawkin Bay Bridge , locally known as "The Causeway", which carries Route 72 over Manahawkin Bay . Long Beach Island is home to about 20,000 people on a year-round basis. However, the population swells significantly during the summer months and reaches about 100,000 people, including both part-time residents and tourists, who are often referred to as " shoobies ". The island's close-knit communities are largely affluent and contain vacation homes for wealthy individuals who reside elsewhere in New Jersey , as well as New York , Pennsylvania , and Connecticut . The low-density northern end of

14688-511: The king to allow Morgan to regain a position on the Assembly, but the former privateer was too ill to attend. Hans Sloane , Albemarle's private physician, inspected Morgan and diagnosed dropsy ; he also saw Morgan was drinking to excess and ordered him to reduce his alcohol intake, a directive which Morgan ignored. Sloane described his patient as lean, sallow-coloured, his eyes a little yellowish and belly jutting out or prominent ... He complained to me of want of appetite for victuals, he had

14832-406: The landward side, where they arrived half an hour before dawn. They took the three castles and the town quickly. The privateers lost 18 men, with a further 32 wounded; Zahedieh considers the action at Porto Bello displayed a "clever cunning and expert timing which marked ... [Morgan's] brilliance as a military commander". Exquemelin wrote that in order to take the third castle, Morgan ordered

14976-475: The majority of the plunder. He arrived back in Port Royal on 12 March to a positive welcome from the town's inhabitants. The following month he made his official report to the governing Council of Jamaica, and received their formal thanks and congratulations. During Morgan's absence from Jamaica, news reached the island that England and Spain had signed the Treaty of Madrid . The pact aimed to establish peace in

15120-527: The marina complementing the old Victorian homes along the bay. Local attractions include the Perth Amboy Ferry Slip and Kearny Cottage . The Raritan Yacht Club, it is one of the oldest yacht clubs in the United States. As of 2023, hundreds of millions of dollars were being invested in the redevelopment of Perth Amboy's waterfront area , in part related to its strategically-located industrial area. On October 30, 2023, NY Waterway launched

15264-451: The more established Gold Coast and Hamptons on Long Island . The Jersey Shore is lined with over 40 different towns and communities, each with a different character, flavor, and vibe. Many towns cater extensively to summer tourists, while others are increasingly or completely full-year residential communities. The towns listed below are ordered geographically from north to south. Perth Amboy , along with neighboring South Amboy across

15408-472: The name 'boardwalk') began to be placed among seaside hotels and other establishments so as to prevent beach sand from being tracked into the buildings. These structures were not initially permanent, being taken down in the fall and then replaced the following spring, but eventually permanent boardwalks began to be placed. These boardwalks eventually expanded to become wider and taller to account for pedestrian traffic, and railings were added to make them safer. As

15552-440: The numerous shipwrecks in the area, many of which were likely brigantines . Atlantic City is a nationally renowned resort city for gambling, shopping and fine dining. In an effort at revitalizing the city, New Jersey voters in 1976 passed a referendum , approving casino gambling for Atlantic City. Today, the city is second to Las Vegas in number of casinos, yearly gaming revenue, and number of casino hotel rooms. Casinos like

15696-487: The privateer admiral was returned to London where, Barbour writes, he was "handsomely lionized ... as the hero on whom Drake's mantle had fallen". Although some sources state that Morgan was incarcerated in the Tower of London , Pope finds no evidence of this in the Tower records. Morgan probably remained at liberty throughout his time in London, and the political mood changed in his favour. Arlington asked him to write

15840-489: The privateers was given to the sovereign or the issuing ambassador. In August 1665 Morgan, along with fellow captains John Morris and Jacob Fackman, returned to Port Royal with a large cargo of valuables. Modyford was impressed enough with the spoils to report back to the government that "Central America was the properest [ sic ] place for an attack on the Spanish Indies". Morgan's activities over

15984-443: The ransom and the plunder of the city, Morgan returned to Port Royal, with between £70,000 and £100,000 of money and valuables; Zahedieh reports that the figures were more than the agricultural output of Jamaica, and nearly half Barbados's sugar exports. Each privateer received £120 – equivalent to five or six times the average annual earnings of a sailor of the time. Morgan received a five per cent share for his work; Modyford received

16128-633: The rest of the Jersey Shore region at large. Sandy Hook is a long, narrow largely undeveloped barrier spit , most of which is owned and managed by the National Park Service as a unit of the Gateway National Recreation Area . The eastern, ocean-facing shoreline consists of various public and fishing beaches and serves as a Shore gateway and popular destination for recreation in summer when seasonal SeaStreak ferries bring beachgoers. Sandy Hook's Gunnison Beach

16272-528: The rocks of Île-à-Vache and Morgan and the crew were temporarily stranded on the island until picked up by a passing merchant ship. On his arrival in Jamaica, the 12-man Assembly of Jamaica voted Morgan an annual salary of £600 "for his good services to the country"; the move angered Carbery, who did not get on with Morgan. Carbery later complained of his deputy that he was "every day more convinced of ... [Morgan's] imprudence and unfitness to have anything to do with civil government". Carbery also wrote to

16416-528: The route. The privateers transferred to canoes to complete part of the journey, but were still able to beat off the ambushes with ease. After three days, with the river difficult to navigate in places, and with the jungle thinning out, Morgan landed his men and travelled overland across the remaining part of the isthmus . The privateers, including Captain Robert Searle , arrived at Old Panama City on 27 January 1671; they camped overnight before attacking

16560-402: The second Monmouth Park. However, legislation proposed in 1891 and enacted in 1894 barred parimutuel betting in New Jersey , and the track closed its doors. It was not until 1946 when the New Jersey Legislature passed a bill providing for state regulation of horse racing that the current Monmouth Park opened. Its location on the shore and as a stop on the North Jersey Coast Line makes it

16704-433: The setting of the 1980 film Atlantic City and the 2011 HBO series Boardwalk Empire . The city also served as the inspiration for the board game Monopoly . Ocean City is home to a boardwalk fronted by several shops and amusement areas. Known as a family-oriented seaside resort, the city has prohibited the sale of alcoholic beverages within its limits since its founding in 1879. Ocean City has miles of guarded beaches,

16848-450: The ship and grappling irons laced into the ships rigging, to catch the ropes and sails of Magdalen and ensure the vessels would become entangled. On 1 May 1669 Morgan and his flotilla attacked the Spanish squadron. The fire ship plan worked, and Magdalen was shortly aflame; Espinosa abandoned his flagship and made his way to the fort, where he continued to direct events. The second-largest Spanish ship, Soledad , tried to move away from

16992-690: The ships in Myngs' fleet, and took part in the attack on Santiago de Cuba and the Sack of Campeche on the Yucatán Peninsula . Sir Thomas Modyford had been appointed the Governor of Jamaica in February 1664 with instructions to limit the activities of the privateers; he made a proclamation against their activities on 11 June 1664, but economic practicalities led to his reversing the policy by

17136-471: The summertime; the island has not contained a boardwalk since the 1944 hurricane , and nightlife is limited to a few bars. Tourists generally take part in recreational activities like miniature golf , parasailing , jet skiing , and relaxing on the beaches. The island has a reputation as a base for long-range deep-sea fishing and charter boats. Attractions include the Barnegat Lighthouse ,

17280-566: The time believed that seawater had medicinal properties. In the mid-1900s, however, the popularity of boardwalks began to decline due to a combination of competition from other dedicated theme parks such as Disneyland and hurricanes attacking the outdated boardwalk infrastructure. As a result, the boardwalk lost some of its popularity. Regardless, boardwalks such as the Atlantic City Boardwalk in New Jersey, Coney Island in New York, or

17424-561: The torture of some of the city's residents; Morgan's fleet surgeon, Richard Browne, later wrote that at Panama, Morgan "was noble enough to the vanquished enemy". The value of treasure Morgan collected during his expedition is disputed. Talty writes that the figures range from 140,000 to 400,000 pesos, and that owing to the large army Morgan assembled, the prize-per-man was relatively low, causing discontent. There were accusations, particularly in Exquemelin's memoirs, that Morgan left with

17568-485: The town and occupied Fort San Lorenzo , which he garrisoned to protect his line of retreat. On 9 January 1671, with his remaining men, he ascended the Chagres River and headed for Panama City , on the Pacific coast. Much of the journey was on foot, through dense rainforests and swamps. The governor of Panama had been forewarned of a potential attack, and had sent Spanish troops to attack Morgan and his men along

17712-406: The town in 1956. Seaside Heights is a resort community, with a beach, an amusement-oriented boardwalk, and numerous clubs and bars making it a popular destination. During the summer, the borough attracts a crowd largely over the age of 21, drawn to a community with boardwalk entertainment and one of the few shore communities with sizable numbers of apartments. In the peak months of July and August,

17856-484: The town's population explodes from around 3,000 residents to between 30,000 and 65,000 people on any given day. South of the town sits Island Beach State Park , the largest reserve of an undeveloped barrier island in New Jersey and one of the largest in the United States. Casino Pier is an amusement park situated on a pier extending over the Atlantic Ocean . The pier offers many family-friendly attractions and roller coasters, as well as an arcade, games-of-chance, and

18000-414: The track to close. In 1878, the track was bought by David D. Withers , George L. Lorillard , James Gordon Bennett, Jr. , and George P. Wetmore . The men spent four years renovating the grounds and grandstand and reopened Monmouth Park in 1882. From 1882 to 1890, the track increased in popularity and as a result, a new racetrack was constructed next to the original. The new racetrack opened in 1890 becoming

18144-473: The traditional downtowns, dense residential neighborhoods, maritime history , and the natural beauty of the Raritan Bayshore coastline. Keansburg was a popular early 20th century summertime destination for tourists from New York City , who would cross the Raritan Bay on steamboats to escape the city heat. Hurricane Donna wiped out much of the waterfront area in 1960, and a number of fires in

18288-504: The treaty led to what Allen describes as "a crisis in international affairs" between England and Spain. The English government heard rumours from their ambassadors in Europe that the Spanish were considering war. In an attempt to appease them, Charles II and his Secretary of State , the Earl of Arlington , ordered Morgan's arrest despite his unfailing loyalty to the English crown. In April 1672

18432-691: The year. Boating , sculling , sailing , and fishing are popular outdoor activities in Red Bank; in the winter, ice boats sail on the Navesink when it freezes over. The Monmouth Boat Club, Marine Park, and the slips of the Molly Pitcher Inn provide access to the river and, from there, the Atlantic Ocean. Oceanport is an upper-middle-class bedroom community located on the Shrewsbury River, between Red Bank and Long Branch. It

18576-470: Was Robert Morgan, a farmer. Nuala Zahedieh , writing for the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , states that details of Morgan's early life and career are uncertain, although in later life he stated that he had left school early and was "much more used to the pike than the book". It is unknown how Morgan made his way to the Caribbean. He may have travelled to the Caribbean as part of

18720-470: Was a Welsh privateer , plantation owner, and, later, Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica . From his base in Port Royal, Jamaica , he and those under his command raided settlements and shipping ports on the Spanish Main , becoming wealthy as they did so. With the prize money and loot from the raids, Morgan purchased three large sugar plantations on Jamaica. Much of Morgan's early life is unknown; he

18864-479: Was able to provide evidence of a potential Spanish attack, the attacks on cities were justifiable under the terms of his commission. Morgan's initial plan was to attack Havana, but, on discovering it was heavily defended, changed the target to Puerto del Príncipe (now Camagüey), a town 50 miles (80 km) inland. Morgan and his men took the town, but the treasure obtained was less than hoped for. According to Alexandre Exquemelin , who sailed with Morgan, "It caused

19008-482: Was appointed as the island's governor; Morgan still retained his position on the Assembly of Jamaica. Morgan had been a heavy drinker for several years; he felt his reputation tarnished and received the news of the revocation of his positions badly, increasing his intake of alcohol to the point where his health began to suffer. Lynch removed Morgan's supporters from the Assembly of Jamaica by 1683, and in October that year he removed Morgan and his brother-in-law, leaving

19152-412: Was appointed governor. By the late 1670s France became an increasing threat in the Caribbean, and Morgan took control of the defence of Port Royal. He declared martial law in 1678 and 1680 – both during his periods as temporary governor of the island – because of the threat of invasion, re-built the fortifications surrounding the town, and increased the number of cannon from 60 to more than 100 in

19296-505: Was born in an area of Monmouthshire that is now part of the city of Cardiff . It is not known how he made his way to the West Indies , or how the Welshman began his career as a privateer. He was probably a member of a group of raiders led by Sir Christopher Myngs in the early 1660s during the Anglo-Spanish War . Morgan became a close friend of Sir Thomas Modyford , the Governor of Jamaica ; as diplomatic relations between

19440-674: Was destroyed in the 1940–1950s) that was completed in 2002. The beachfront was redone through a joint venture by Old Bridge Township, New Jersey, and Middlesex County Parks Department. It extends approximately one mile from the Old Bridge Police substation south, to the Aberdeen Township neighborhood of Cliffwood Beach, running parallel with New Jersey Route 35. This area is very popular for fishing as three jetties extend into Raritan Bay and are in excellent condition, have been consistent well-maintained. The park's boardwalk

19584-591: Was introduced in 1986. SeaStreak ferry provides high-speed commuter service for residents on the Raritan Bayshore in northern Monmouth County to Manhattan in New York City . The ferry also offers seasonal sightseeing excursions. Many Jersey Shore residents board the ferry to travel to different points across the Tri-State area and New England coastline. Many New York residents board the ferry to travel to Atlantic Highlands and Sandy Hook Beach, along with

19728-457: Was marred by a scurrilous memoir by Alexandre Exquemelin , a former Flemish shipmate of Morgan's, accusing him of widespread torture and other offences, including during the infamous raid on Panama City. Morgan won a libel suit against the book's English publishers, but Exquemelin's portrayal has negatively shifted the public's, and history's, view of Morgan as a scoundrel. His life was further romanticised after his 1688 passing, as he became

19872-451: Was no permission for attacks on land. Any plunder obtained from the attacks would be split between the government and the owners of the ships rented by the privateers. If the privateers stepped outside their official remit and raided a city, any resultant plunder would be retained by the privateers. Rogoziński observes that "attacks on cities were illegal piracy – but extremely profitable", although Zahedieh records that if Morgan

20016-407: Was not all lost if one ship was sunk; it totalled 250,000 pesos, and a huge quantity of merchandise and a number of local slaves. Morgan observed that Espinosa had set his cannon for a landward attack from the privateers – as they had done previously. The privateers faked a landing of their forces. The fort and its battlements were stripped of men as the Spanish prepared for a night assault from

20160-548: Was not allowed to pass. Although Espinosa refused to negotiate, the citizens of Maracaibo entered into talks with Morgan, and agreed to pay him 20,000 pesos and 500 head of cattle if he agreed to leave the city intact. During the course of the negotiations with the Maracaibos, Morgan had undertaken salvage operations on Magdalen , and secured 15,000 pesos from the wreck. Before taking any action, Morgan tallied his takings and divided it equally between his ships, to ensure that it

20304-420: Was partly constructed under his leadership. It was around this time that Morgan purchased his first plantation on Jamaica. In 1667 diplomatic relations between the kingdoms of England and Spain were worsening, and rumours began to circulate in Jamaica about a possible Spanish invasion. Modyford authorised privateers to take action against the Spanish, and issued a letter of marque to Morgan "to draw together

20448-401: Was persuaded by a French captain under his command to repeat the actions of the pirate François l'Olonnais two years previously: an attack on Maracaibo and Gibraltar , both on Lake Maracaibo in modern-day Venezuela. The French captain knew the approaches to the lagoon, through a narrow and shallow channel. Since l'Olonnais and the French captain had visited Maracaibo, the Spanish had built

20592-580: Was to pass to his nephews, the children of his brother-in-law Byndloss. The burial of Lady Morgan was recorded in Saint Andrew Parish, Jamaica , on 3 March 1696. In his will, signed on 17 June 1688, Morgan left his Jamaican property to his godsons Charles Byndloss and Henry Archbold, on condition they adopted the surname of Morgan. These were the children of his two cousins Anna Petronilla Byndloss and Johanna Archbold. To his sister Catherine Loyd he awarded £60 per annum from his estate "paid into

20736-461: Was told that a Spanish defence squadron, the Armada de Barlovento, was waiting for him at the narrow passage between the Caribbean and Lake Maracaibo, where the San Carlos de la Barra Fortress was sited. The forces, under the command of Don Alonso del Campo y Espinosa, had 126 cannon with which to attack Morgan, and had re-armed San Carlos de la Barra Fortress. The Spaniards had orders to end piracy in

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