God
59-598: 1 In principio creavit Deus caelum et terram. 2 Terra autem erat inanis et vacua, et tenebrae super faciem abyssi, et spiritus Dei ferebatur super aquas. The Nova Vulgata (complete title: Nova Vulgata Bibliorum Sacrorum Editio , transl. The New Vulgate Edition of the Holy Bible ; abr. NV ), also called the Neo-Vulgate , is the Catholic Church 's official Latin translation of
118-781: A Preface to the reader, an Introduction to the principles used in producing the Nova Vulgata , and an appendix containing three historical documents from the Council of Trent and the Clementine Vulgate . In 2001, the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments released the instruction Liturgiam authenticam . This text stated the Nova Vulgata was "the point of reference as regards
177-399: A book, it is understandable for an audio book, as it is assumed the listener wants to hear the author's opinion, and the listener who needs to check the details may refer to the text. Occasionally, an abridged audio book will be advertised as "abridgement approved by the author," which would imply that the original work's author has reviewed the trimmed down version of the work and agrees that
236-472: A case-by-case basis, the ordination of married former Episcopal ministers as Catholic priests. As personal parishes, these parishes were formally part of the local Catholic diocese , but accepted as members any former Anglican who wished to make use of the provision. On 9 November 2009, Pope Benedict XVI established a worldwide provision for Anglicans who joined the church. This process set up personal ordinariates for former Anglicans and other persons entering
295-629: A reconstruction of the Celtic Rite, the historical accuracy of which is debated. Historical evidence of this rite is found in the remnants of the Stowe (Lorrha) Missal . The Gallican Rite is a retrospective term applied to the sum of the local variants, on similar lines to that designated elsewhere as the Celtic Rite (above) and the Mozarabic Rite , which faded from use in France by the end of
354-406: Is a condensing or reduction of a book or other creative work into a shorter form while maintaining the unity of the source. The abridgement can be true to the original work in terms of mood and tone , capturing the parts the abridging author perceives to be most important; it could be a complete parody of the original or it could fall anywhere in between, generally capturing the tone and message of
413-621: Is a large family of liturgical rites and uses of public worship employed by the Latin Church , the largest particular church sui iuris of the Catholic Church , that originated in Europe where the Latin language once dominated. Its language is now known as Ecclesiastical Latin . The most used rite is the Roman Rite . The Latin rites were for many centuries no less numerous than
472-593: Is disputed. The Rite of Braga is used, but since 18 November 1971 only on an optional basis, in the Archdiocese of Braga in northern Portugal . The Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei (PCED) considers it a local Use of the Roman Rite, rather than an independent rite. The Mozarabic Rite, which was prevalent throughout Spain in Visigothic times, is now celebrated only in limited locations, principally
531-696: Is insensitive to actual Anglicans, and because it is a subtle way of suggesting that their entrance into full communion is less than total. We are Catholic in every sense." Also called "Indian Masses", a number of variations on the Roman Rite developed in the Indian missions of Canada and the United States. These originated in the 17th century, and some remained in use until the Second Vatican Council. The priest's parts remained in Latin, while
590-491: Is most common in textbooks, usually lengthy works in complicated fields like engineering or medicine . Abridged versions of popular textbooks are published to be used as study aids or to provide enough surface information for the reader to become familiar with the material but not have a full understanding of it or its full scope. Plays, notably by Shakespeare , have very often been heavily abridged for television to fit them into ninety-minute or two-hour time slots. (The same
649-576: Is possibly a misnomer and it may owe its origins to Augustine's re-evangelisation of the British Isles in the 6th century. Little is known of it, though several texts and liturgies survive. Some Christians – typically groups not in communion with the Roman Catholic Church, especially some Western Orthodox Christian communities in communion with Eastern Orthodox Churches , e.g. Celtic Orthodoxy – have attempted to breathe life into
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#1732775352278708-510: Is proper to the Latin Liturgy. [...] [I]t is advantageous to be guided by the Nova Vulgata wherever there is a need to choose, from among various possibilities [of translation], that one which is most suited for expressing the manner in which a text has traditionally been read and received within the Latin liturgical tradition . This recommendation is qualified, however: the instruction specifies that translations should not be made from
767-417: Is the opposite of abridged. A common example is an unabridged dictionary . Abridgement is most often used to adapt a book or film into a narrated audio version. Because books written for adults are generally meant to be read silently to oneself, which is usually much faster than reading aloud, most books can take between 20 and 40 hours to read aloud. Because many audio book listeners are looking to listen to
826-460: Is true of long classical ballets such as the two-and-a-half hour Sleeping Beauty , which has almost never been performed complete on television.) It was done more often in the past than it is now (such as in Hallmark Hall of Fame from the 1950s to about 1970). With the advent of such noncommercially-sponsored PBS anthologies such as Great Performances , Live from Lincoln Center and
885-486: The BBC Television Shakespeare plays, there is now less pressure to cram a play lasting at least three hours, such as Hamlet , into a two-hour time slot. An abridged series is a fanmade parody that uses video footage from a television series—oftentimes Japanese animation —which is usually filled with comedic redubbing. They are called "abridged" series because episodes are usually not as long as
944-737: The Vetus Latina , rather than the Vulgate. The New Testament was based on the 1969 edition of the Stuttgart Vulgate , and hence on the Oxford Vulgate . All of these base texts were revised to accord with the modern critical editions in Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic. A number of changes were also made where modern scholars felt that Jerome had failed to grasp the meaning of the original languages, or had rendered it obscurely. The NV
1003-580: The 1592 edition of the Vulgate. The NV contains only the Biblical canon of the Catholic Church , and not other pseudepigraphical books "often associated with the Vulgate tradition." William Griffin used the Nova Vulgata for his Latin-to-English translation of the Books of Tobit , Judith , 1 and 2 Maccabees , Baruch , Wisdom , Sirach , and the additions to Esther and to Daniel for
1062-525: The Clementine Vulgate was the standard Bible of the Catholic Church. The Nova Vulgata is not a critical edition of the historical Vulgate . Rather, it is a text intended to accord with modern critical editions of the Hebrew and Greek Bible texts, and to produce a style somewhat nearer to Classical Latin. The Second Vatican Council in Sacrosanctum Concilium mandated a revision of
1121-467: The Council of Trent , established in the 1560s and 1570s underwent repeated minor variations in the centuries immediately following. Each new typical edition (the edition to which other printings are to conform) of the Roman Missal (see Tridentine Mass ) and of the other liturgical books superseded the previous one. The 20th century saw more profound changes. Pope Pius X radically rearranged
1180-592: The ICEL translation of the Roman Rite of Mass, is based upon the Book of Common Prayer , originally written in the 16th century. Prior to the establishment of the personal ordinariates , parishes in the United States were called "Anglican Use" and used the Book of Divine Worship , an adaptation of the Book of Common Prayer . The Book of Divine Worship has been replaced with the similar Divine Worship: The Missal for use in
1239-526: The Latin Psalter , to bring it in line with modern textual and linguistic studies while preserving or refining its Christian Latin style. In 1965, Pope Paul VI appointed a commission to revise the rest of the Vulgate following the same principles. The Commission published its work in eight annotated sections and invited criticism from Catholic scholars as the sections were published. The Latin Psalter
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#17327753522781298-763: The Liturgy of the Hours and other liturgical functions in accordance with the liturgical books proper to the Anglican tradition, in revisions approved by the Holy See . This faculty does not exclude liturgical celebrations according to the Roman Rite. The Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham was set up for England and Wales on 15 January 2011; the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter for
1357-516: The Nova Vulgata to the Stuttgart Vulgate text of Jerome's version of the Gospels are minor and stylistic in nature. In addition, in the New Testament the Nova Vulgata introduced corrections to align the Latin with the Greek text in order to represent Jerome's text, as well as its Greek base, accurately. This alignment had not been achieved earlier, either in the edition of 1590 or in
1416-621: The Nova Vulgata , but rather "must be made directly from the original texts, namely the Latin, as regards the texts of ecclesiastical composition , or the Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek, as the case may be, as regards the texts of Sacred Scripture ". The instruction does not recommend translation of the Bible, or of the liturgy, based solely upon the Latin Nova Vulgata ; the NV must instead simply be used as an "auxiliary tool". When translating
1475-480: The Tetragrammaton , Liturgiam authenticam says that "[i]n accordance with immemorial tradition, which indeed is already evident in the above-mentioned Septuagint version, the name of almighty God expressed by the Hebrew tetragrammaton and rendered in Latin by the word Dominus , is to be rendered into any given vernacular by a word equivalent in meaning." Most of the approximately 2,000 changes made by
1534-523: The cathedral of Toledo . The Carthusian rite is in use in a version revised in 1981. Apart from the new elements in this revision, it is substantially the rite of Grenoble in the 12th century, with some admixture from other sources. Among other differences from the Roman Order of Mass, the deacon prepares the gifts while the Epistle is being sung, the celebrating priest washes his hands twice at
1593-548: The delineation of the canonical text ". Concerning the translation of liturgical texts , the instruction states: Furthermore, in the preparation of these translations for liturgical use, the Nova Vulgata Editio , promulgated by the Apostolic See, is normally to be consulted as an auxiliary tool, in a manner described elsewhere in this Instruction, in order to maintain the tradition of interpretation that
1652-577: The 19th century, in favor of the Tridentine Mass and other Roman Rite rituals. In the second half of the 20th century, most of the religious orders that had a distinct liturgical rite chose to adopt in its place the Roman Rite as revised in accordance with the decrees of the Second Vatican Council (see Mass of Paul VI ). A few such liturgical rites persist today for the celebration of Mass, since 1965–1970 in revised forms, but
1711-647: The Catholic/Ecumenical Edition of The Message Bible . The Nova Vulgata provides the Latin text of Kurt and Barbara Aland 's bilingual Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine ; the latter was first released in 1984. Also, since the Alands' 1984 revision of the Novum Testamentum Latine , the Novum Testamentum Latine has also used the Nova Vulgata as its reference text. Abridged An abridgement (or abridgment )
1770-692: The Mass have been approved. The Use of Sarum is a variant on the Roman rite originating in the Diocese of Salisbury , which had come to be widely practised in England and Scotland until its suppression during the English Reformation and replaced by the Book of Common Prayer , which was heavily influenced by it, in the then-schismatic Church of England , and its usage among the remaining Catholics
1829-584: The Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite. The Tridentine Mass , as in the 1962 Roman Missal, and other pre-Vatican II rites are still authorized for use within the Roman Rite under the conditions indicated in the motu proprio Traditionis Custodes . These practices emanate from the liturgical reforms of the Council of Trent , from which the word "Tridentine" is derived. Following its description in Summorum Pontificum by Pope Benedict XVI ,
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1888-634: The Psalter of the Breviary and altered the rubrics of the Mass. Pope Pius XII significantly revised the Holy Week ceremonies and certain other aspects of the Roman Missal in 1955. The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) was followed by a general revision of the rites of all the Roman Rite sacraments, including the Eucharist . As before, each new typical edition of a liturgical book supersedes
1947-729: The United States and Canada on 1 January 2012; and the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of the Southern Cross for Australia on 15 June 2012. As of 2017 it was decreed that all parishes in the United States established under the Pastoral Provision be transferred to the Ordinariate. Bishop Steven Lopes of the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter has requested that terms such as "Anglican Use" and "Anglican Ordinariate" be avoided, saying "Our clergy and faithful do not like being called Anglican, both because this
2006-592: The Zaire Use, the Vatican approved certain adaptations for Indigenous Mexican groups in 2024. This use is only for the Diocese of San Cristóbal de Las Casas . The adaptations include a new "ministry of incensation," to administer incense (distinct from the thurifer ), as well the "Principal," a layperson who guides the congregation in prayer at certain moments. It was the second time after Vatican II that adaptations of
2065-414: The actual story or focus of the book in order to make its audible reading time shorter. A fully abridged audio book can span as little as 4 hours for a book that would span 20 hours unabridged. The easiest content of a fiction book to edit out is back story that is often provided for characters or story elements that help support the reality of the story for the reader but fails to provide any narrative to
2124-402: The distinct liturgical rites for celebrating the other sacraments have been almost completely abandoned. The Roman Rite is by far the most widely used. Like other liturgical rites , it developed over time, with newer forms replacing the older. It underwent many changes in the first millennium, during half of its existence (see Pre-Tridentine Mass ). The forms that Pope Pius V , as requested by
2183-597: The entirety of the work, and the abridged version is more often preferred by those who want just a quick and entertaining way to follow the story. On the radio (for example, in British Radio 4 programmes as Book of the Week , Book at Bedtime , and Go 4 It for children), books are almost always abridged and so if someone were trying to read along with the book, one would find it much more difficult than on an audio book. A shortened form of literary work in which
2242-593: The first millennium. It should not be confused with the so-called Neo-Gallican liturgical books published in various French dioceses after the Council of Trent, which had little or nothing to do with it. Several local rites of limited scope existed, but are now defunct. More properly these are uses or variants of the Roman Rite, most with Gallican elements, some with Byzantine liturgical and traditional elements. Some religious orders celebrated Mass according to rites of their own, dating from more than 200 years before
2301-459: The full communion of the Catholic Church. These ordinariates would be similar to dioceses, but encompassing entire regions or nations. Parishes belonging to an ordinariate would not be part of the local diocese. These ordinariates are charged with maintaining the Anglican liturgical, spiritual and pastoral traditions, and they have full faculties to celebrate the Eucharist and the other sacraments,
2360-439: The information in a book more quickly and because of the high cost associated with recording and distributing 40 hours of audio, audio book versions of novels are often produced in an abridged version. Some party, usually an editor for the book's publishing company, goes through the text of the book and removes elements, notations, references, narratives and sometimes entire scenes from a book that could be considered superfluous to
2419-545: The intention or narrative of the story has not been lost or that no vital information has been removed. In many cases, an audio book for a popular title is available in both an abridged and unabridged version, but the abridged version often is released first and almost always costs significantly less than the unabridged version. Often, the two versions are produced independently of each other and may have different narrators. Unabridged versions of books are popular among those with poor eyesight or reading skills who wish to appreciate
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2478-503: The major themes of the original are kept occurs in books for faster and easier reading. The Signet Classics Abridged Works are notable examples of abridgment; the Signet Classics Bible, for example, is 40 percent shorter than the 850,000-word King James Version . Although well-known passages in abridged works are often left intact, editors may remove "repetition, rhetoric and redundancy" from a complete work. Until roughly
2537-489: The mid-19th century, the act of abridgment was widely regarded as fair use and was among the most frequently abused loopholes in British and American copyright law. However, by the 1870s, international outcry from authors and publishers alike prompted legislatures to consider revisions to end the "very unreasonable" principle. While increasingly uncommon, some books are published as abridged versions of earlier books, which
2596-451: The modern Eastern Catholic liturgical rites . The number of Latin rites and uses is now much reduced. In the aftermath of the Council of Trent , in 1568 and 1570 Pope Pius V suppressed the breviaries and missals that could not be shown to have an antiquity of at least two centuries in favor of the Roman Missal and Roman Breviary . Many local rites that remained legitimate even after this decree were abandoned voluntarily, especially in
2655-427: The offertory and says the eucharistic prayer with arms extended in the form of a cross except when using his hands for some specific action, and there is no blessing at the end of Mass. The Order of Saint Benedict has never had a rite of the Mass peculiar to it, but it keeps its very ancient Benedictine Rite of the Liturgy of the Hours . In Africa Proconsulare , located in present-day Tunisia (of which Carthage
2714-533: The ordinariates worldwide, replacing the official term "Anglican Use" with "Divine Worship". Anglican liturgical rituals, whether those used in the ordinariates of the Catholic Church or in the various prayer books and missals of the Anglican Communion and other denominations, trace their origin back to the Sarum Use , which was a variation of the Roman Rite used in England before introduction during
2773-432: The ordinaries sung by the choir were translated into the vernacular (e.g., Mohawk, Algonquin, Micmac, and Huron). They also generally featured a reduced cycle of native-language propers and hymns. The Zaire Use is an inculturated variation of the Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite of the Roman Catholic Church. It has been used to a very limited extent in some African countries since the late 1970s to early 1980s. Similarly to
2832-430: The original author but falling short in some manner or subtly twisting their words and message to favor a different interpretation or agenda. A written work may be abridged to make it more accessible to a wider audience; for example, to make an adaptation of it as an audio book or a television show , to make a more convenient companion to an already-established work or to create a shorter reference version. Unabridged
2891-803: The original episodes or tend to shorten events to meld two or more episodes together, making them a comedic summation of events. The first abridged series, Yu-Gi-Oh! The Abridged Series , was created by Martin Billany, better known by his screen name LittleKuriboh, in 2006. It has since inspired multiple popular abridged series such as Dragon Ball Z Abridged and Hellsing Abridged by TeamFourStar and Sword Art Online Abridged by Something Witty Entertainment. Since most abridged series are uploaded to YouTube , they are occasionally subject to copyright infringement takedowns by parent companies. Latin liturgical rites Schools Relations with: Latin liturgical rites , or Western liturgical rites ,
2950-645: The original-language texts of the Bible published by the Holy See . It was completed in 1979, and was promulgated the same year by John Paul II in Scripturarum thesaurus . A second, revised edition was published in 1986. It is the official Latin text of the Bible of the Catholic Church . The Nova Vulgata is also called the New Latin Vulgate or the New Vulgate . Before the Nova Vulgata ,
3009-457: The previous one. Thus, the 1970 Roman Missal, which superseded the 1962 edition, was superseded by the edition of 1975. The 2002 edition in turn supersedes the 1975 edition both in Latin and, as official translations into each language appear, also in the vernacular languages. Under the terms of Summorum Pontificum by Pope Benedict XVI , the Mass of Paul VI , which followed Vatican II, is known as
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#17327753522783068-408: The reign of Edward VI of the 1549 Book of Common Prayer , following the break from the Roman church under the previous monarch Henry VIII . In the United States, under a Pastoral Provision in 1980, personal parishes were established that introduced adapted Anglican traditions to the Catholic Church from members' former Episcopal parishes. That provision also permitted, as an exception and on
3127-753: The ritual use of liturgical books promulgated before Vatican II is often referred to as the Extraordinary Form. The Anglican Use is a use of the Roman Rite, rather than a unique rite itself. During the Liturgy of the Eucharist, especially the Eucharistic Prayer, it is closest to other forms of the Roman Rite, while it differs more during the Liturgy of the Word and the Penitential Rite. The language used, which differs from that of
3186-545: The story itself. For example, a passage such as "John sped away in his automobile, a red 1967 Mustang he'd purchased from a junkyard and spent most of his college years restoring with his father" could be abridged to "John sped away in his automobile, a red 1967 Mustang" or, if context permits, simply "John sped away." In a nonfiction piece, the most commonly abridged details are references, charts, details and facts that are used to support an author's claim. While it would be unprofessional or irresponsible to omit such details from
3245-415: Was a composite of non-Roman ritual structures (possibly Antiochian ) and texts not exempt from Roman influence, that was similar to the Mozarabic Rite in many respects and would have been used at least in parts of Ireland , Scotland , the northern part of England and perhaps even Wales , Cornwall and Somerset , before being authoritatively replaced by the Roman Rite in the early Middle Ages . "Celtic"
3304-417: Was first published in different fascicles between 1969 and 1977. In 1979, after decades of preparation, the Nova Vulgata was published, and was made the official Latin version of the Bible of the Catholic Church in the apostolic constitution Scripturarum thesaurus , promulgated by Pope John Paul II on April 25, 1979. The NV was published the same year. A second edition, published in 1986, added
3363-419: Was gradually supplanted by the Tridentine Mass . The Ambrosian Rite is celebrated most often in the Archdiocese of Milan , Italy , and in parts of some neighbouring dioceses in Italy and Switzerland. The language used is now usually Italian, rather than Latin. With some variant texts and minor differences in the order of readings, it is similar in form to the Roman Rite. Its classification as Gallican-related
3422-417: Was published in 1969, the New Testament was completed by 1971, and the entire Nova Vulgata was published as a single-volume edition for the first time in 1979. The foundational text of most of the Old Testament is the critical edition commissioned by Pope Pius X and produced by the monks of the Benedictine Abbey of St. Jerome . The foundational text of the Books of Tobit and Judith is from manuscripts of
3481-401: Was the capital), the African Rite was used before the 7th-century Arab conquest. It was very close to the Roman Rite – so much so that Western liturgical traditions have been classified as belonging to two streams, the North African-Rome tradition, and the Gallican (in the broad sense) tradition encompassing the rest of the Western Roman Empire, including northern Italy. The ancient Celtic Rite
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