61-521: SAIC Motor Technical Centre (also known as SMTC UK ) is the European subsidiary of the Chinese automaker SAIC Motor via SAIC Motor UK Holdings. SAIC Motor also controls MG Motor UK for sales and distribution, but is independent of the technical subsidiary. SAIC Motor UK formed when SAIC Motor bought out MG Motor from Nanjing Automobile in 2006. SAIC Motor UK Technical Centre is a subsidiary of
122-495: A 77-day-long sit in . In 2010, SAIC produced 3.58 million units, the largest output of any China-based automaker that year. In June 2010, Magneti Marelli and Shanghai Automobile Gear Works (SAGW) officially launched a new joint venture plant in the Jiading district near Shanghai, China. SAGW, the main Chinese manufacturer of transmissions for the automotive sector, is a subsidiary of SAIC Motor. In February 2011, SAIC unveiled
183-513: A Korean SUV-maker, Ssangyong, soured. In January 2009, after an additional US$ 45 million was provided to it by SAIC, SsangYong Motor Company was placed into receivership in Korea. Courts might have mandated SAIC reduce its ownership, and by 2010 a 51.33% share of the Korean company had become a 10% one. The 2009 Ssangyong failure also saw riot police quell protesting Ssangyong workers who staged
244-579: A car assembly industry as a means of import substitution and providing local employment, despite the small size of the local market. Following economic reforms in the 1980s, including the lowering of import tariffs, and the ability to import Australian-built vehicles duty-free under the CER agreement, many car companies ended assembly in New Zealand. They switched to importing completely built-up vehicles from Japan , Australia, or Europe. More significantly,
305-596: A female workforce was employed. CKD military vehicles could be stored for shipment in one-vehicle-per-crate form (or SUP, Single Unit Pack), or as several vehicles (usually two to three) divided in two or more crates. Vehicles shipped to certain countries could be lacking some items, such as cabs, beds, or tires, that were built and provided locally. Mahindra & Mahindra Limited in India began its business in 1947 with assembling CKD Jeeps . Mahindra expanded its operations to include domestic manufacture of Jeep vehicles with
366-768: A first partnership agreement with AMC to assemble Rambler automobiles in Europe . Beginning in 1962, and continuing until 1967, AMC also sold CKD kits of its passenger cars to Renault. They were assembled in Renault's factory in Haren, Belgium , and sold through its dealers in Algeria , Austria , Belgium , France , the Netherlands , and Luxembourg . The deal allowed AMC to sell its cars in new markets without significant foreign direct investment (FDI). The arrangement benefited
427-657: A high level of local content under license from Kaiser Jeep Corporation and later American Motors Corporation (AMC). In the 1950s and 1960s, Lotus Cars sold its Lotus Seven car in CKD form to avoid the UK purchase tax that applied to sales of fully assembled vehicles. By 1959, and with the introduction of the Mini , British Motor Corporation (BMC) products were still either imported or assembled from CKD kits in several international markets. In 1961, Renault began negotiations for
488-609: A major role in the development of Roewe products. However in June 2019, SAIC Motor closed the UK Technical Centre making over 300 engineers redundant in the process. Knock-down kit A knock-down kit (also knockdown kit , knocked-down kit , or simply knockdown or KD ) is a collection of parts required to assemble a product. The parts are typically manufactured in one country or region, and then exported to another country or region for final assembly. CBU , on
549-645: A new North American Operations Center in Birmingham, Michigan. The opening ceremony was attended by Rick Snyder , Governor of Michigan , Oakland County Executive L. Brooks Patterson, and senior executives from General Motors and SAIC Motor. The 30,000-square-foot, three-story facility will house nearly 100 staff and focus on sourcing components. SAIC has numerous production facilities in China, including sites in: Chongqing , Liuzhou , Qingdao , Shanghai , Shenyang , and Yantai . It also had an assembly plant in
610-403: A new commercial vehicles marque, Maxus . In 2011, SAIC produced 3.97 million vehicles, the largest output of any China-based automaker that year. In 2012, SAIC retained its top spot among domestic rivals by producing around 3.5 million units. In 2023, SAIC received the equivalent of US$ 560 million in state subsidies . In July 2023, Audi and SAIC Group announced their partnership that
671-552: A plant that was expected to have an annual output of 150,000 units. Daimler AG has a CKD assembly plant in South Carolina that re-assembles Mercedes-Benz Sprinter vans for sale in the United States and Canada at Mercedes-Benz and Freightliner dealers, along with Dodge dealers before Fiat Group 's takeover of Chrysler Group LLC —essentially to circumvent the 25% tariff on imported light trucks known as
SECTION 10
#1732787652637732-573: A variety of brands . Brands that are considered "self-owned" by SAIC include IM , Maxus , MG , Rising Auto , Roewe , Baojun , Wuling , Hongyan , and Sunwin . SAIC launched a luxury EV brand "IM" (dubbed "Zhiji Motor" in Chinese) jointly developed with Shanghai's Pudong New Area government and Alibaba on January 13, 2021. According to SAIC Motor, "IM" stands for Intelligence in Motion. MG Motor designs, develops and markets cars sold under
793-701: A version of Daewoo Lanos for full-scale production and equipping it with a domestic engine. The German automotive giant Volkswagen Group also produces SKDs in Ukraine at its Solomonovo plant, producing cars under its Škoda and Volkswagen Passenger Cars marques . In Russia , KD assembling facilities are owned by Avtotor , which produced Hummer H2 , BMW 3 Series , and BMW 5 Series in Kaliningrad , and Renault Logan in Moscow using facilities that once belonged to AZLK . In Kaluga , Volkswagen Group had
854-508: Is a brand specialized in producing passenger buses and trolleybuses . In 2021, SAIC announced an increase in its holdings of Nanjing Iveco (Naveco). SAIC's subsidiary, Nanjing Automobile Group holds a 50% stake, while SAIC itself holds 30.1%, and IVECO S.P.A. holds 19.9%. SAIC's ownership of Naveco has now risen to 80.1%, making the Italian brand a strategic investor. SAIC participates in cooperative efforts with foreign automakers that see
915-502: Is also the largest shareholder of SAIC-GM-Wuling (SGMW), a joint venture selling Wuling and Baojun branded vehicles. In 2021, SAIC self-owned brands contributes 52% of SAIC's sales. The company ranked 84th on the Fortune Global 500 list in 2023. Including SGMW, it was also the third-largest plug-in electric vehicle ( battery electric and plug-in hybrid ) company and second-largest battery electric vehicle manufacturer in
976-569: Is the MG 6 . SAIC Motor SAIC Motor Corp., Ltd. (formerly Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation ) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Anting , Shanghai . Founded in 1955, it is currently the largest of the " Big Four " state-owned car manufacturers of China ahead of FAW Group , Dongfeng Motor Corporation , and Changan Automobile , with sales of 5.02 million vehicles in 2023. The company traces its origins to
1037-606: The 504 pick-up . The 404 and 504 were massively marketed worldwide through local CKD assembly shops: the 404 was assembled, besides France and Argentina, in Australia , Belgium, Canada (at the SOMA plant shared with Renault), Chile, Ireland, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, New Zealand , Nigeria, Portugal, Perú, Rhodesia, South Africa, and Uruguay; the 504, mainly in Argentina, Egypt, Nigeria, Kenya, South-Africa, Australia, and China by
1098-602: The CMP family , were crated and shipped overseas in KD form, in various degrees of completeness, to Allied countries to sustain their war effort. Assembly lines were preferably set up in local automotive factories where appropriate tooling and equipment could be easily found, but, where needed, other types of buildings could be used, especially in on-the-field situations, and on occasion, even open-air rebuilding camps were set up, managed by military personnel. Owing to male mobilization, sometimes
1159-810: The Guangzhou Peugeot Automobile Company which developed a specific crew cab version. In 1968, the independent German automotive firm, Karmann , began assembly of CKD kits of AMC's newly introduced Javelin for distribution in Europe. American Motors also provided right-hand drive versions of their automobiles to markets such as Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa . The components were shipped in containers to Australia from AMC's plants in Kenosha, Wisconsin , or Brampton, Ontario . Assembly of Rambler and AMC vehicles in Australia
1220-457: The MG marque . Roewe was introduced by SAIC in 2006. It is sold in most export markets outside China under the MG Motor marque. Rising Auto was originally the "R Brand" in 2020, an offshoot of SAIC 's Roewe brand for electric vehicles. It was operated as an independent brand since 2021 but rolled back into Roewe in 2024. It is currently positioned as Roewe's premium product line. Maxus
1281-739: The Paykan (meaning "arrow" in Persian ). Bought by Chrysler in 1967 and then part of the sale to the PSA Group by the Chrysler Corporation of its European operations in late 1978, the Rootes business basis in Iran became the primer for the very significant PSA Peugeot Citroën business in Iran involving engine and CKD deliveries, particularly from the 405, introduced in 1990 and facelifted as
SECTION 20
#17327876526371342-543: The Wuling and Baojun brands. SGMW has recently found great success as an electric vehicle manufacturer — in 2021, the venture's Wuling Hongguang Mini EV city car was the best-selling electric car in China by volume. SAIC Hongyan was established in January 2003 as Chongqing Hongyan and traces its origins back to a Chinese manufacturer established in 1965. The company is focused on producing heavy trucks. SAIC Sunwin
1403-639: The " Buy America Act " provisions (49 USC 5323(j) and 49 CFR Part 661) for public agencies purchasing new equipment with federal funds. North American Bus Industries opened operations in Anniston, Alabama , in 1993, with incomplete buses shipped from Budapest , Hungary , to Anniston for final assembly. NABI expanded production operations in Anniston to allow full production with its first fully domestically produced bus unit in 2008. The practice of selling "knocked down" railcars, called by that name, pre-dates
1464-768: The " Chicken Tax ". The Sprinter was eventually replaced in the Dodge/ Ram lineup with the similar Ram ProMaster, a rebadged Fiat Ducato . Unlike the CKD Dodge Sprinter, the ProMaster is fully imported to the U.S. from a Chrysler plant in Mexico under of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). In 2009, Mahindra & Mahindra Limited announced that it would export pickup trucks powered by diesel engines from India to
1525-555: The 2000s, SAIC made several acquisitions in Korea. In 2002 it participated in GM's purchase of Korean automaker Daewoo, acquiring a 10% stake in the newly formed GM Daewoo company for US$ 59.7 million, and in 2004 it also assumed control of an ailing South Korean automaker, SsangYong Motor , paying US$ 500 million for 48.9% ownership of the company. Around this time SAIC created a new holding company for its subsidiaries employed in passenger car production, Shanghai Automotive Group. In
1586-921: The 20th century, as evidenced by an advertisement by JG Brill Company in the Street Railway Journal from 1898. Many rail equipment builders have used kits or incomplete vehicles, often to meet local assembly and production requirements or quotas, or to satisfy tariffs. Some examples include: Unserviceable military aircraft are also sold as "knock-downs" after they have ended their service life , packaging them with serviceable aircraft. This allows them to be used for cannibalization of spare parts . The European aircraft manufacturer Airbus uses knock-down kits to assemble A320 family aircraft outside Europe. The Airbus A320 final assembly line in Tianjin , China, assembles fuselage, wing, and tail sections made in Europe with avionics and engines made in
1647-549: The Airbus Tianjin and Mobile plants receive their fuselages, wings, and tail sections from Europe via ocean freight using specially designed ships , as the plants are located in port cities. From 1908 to 1940, the Sears, Roebuck & Co. mail-order catalog offered over 400 styles of homes. Buyers were provided with all of the materials and the instructions needed to build a house. Everything that arrived by train or in
1708-785: The EU or the United States and locally sourced components for interiors. Airbus opened a similar A320 final assembly line in the United States in September 2015, located in Mobile, Alabama ; again using European-made fuselages, wings, and tail sections. However, the Mobile final assembly line will use more locally sourced components than the Tianjin line; engines, interior components, and avionics will be sourced mainly from American suppliers. Both
1769-836: The EV platform from IM Motors will be introduced into Audi's electric models. In September 2023, the European Commission (EC) launched an anti-subsidy investigation into Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers, including SAIC which exported electric vehicles in high volume under the MG brand to the region. In June 2024, the EC completed its investigation and announced new tariffs for Chinese-built electric vehicles (on top of an existing 10 percent tariff for all foreign-made vehicles regardless of engine type), which went into effect on 4 July 2024. Electric vehicles made by SAIC Motor would be subjected to
1830-702: The French automaker because its product range lacked large-sized cars, and it needed to offer an "executive" model for its European markets. The situation changed by 1977. By this time, AMC sought outside support for a new car in the sub-compact market segment, which led to the first of many agreements with Renault. Volvo's Halifax Assembly Plant , which opened in 1963, completed vehicles in CKD form from Sweden for North American consumers. Halifax Assembly closed in December 1998. In 1967, Rootes Group UK began exporting CKD Hillman Hunters to Iran where they were sold as
1891-562: The MG Motor UK Longbridge plant as the first MG 6 to be produced in the United Kingdom came off the production line, but ended in 2016 when SAIC moved production to China. It retains a technical subsidiary SAIC Motor UK on site. On July 19, 2023, SAIC's Philippines subsidiary SAIC Motor Philippines, Inc. has appointed the new distributor and importer of MG vehicles and services in the country with launch of
SAIC Motor UK - Misplaced Pages Continue
1952-573: The Netherlands, various parts are added to the car, most notably the rear subframe with the drive train as well as the battery pack. Motor Coach Industries opened its Pembina, North Dakota , assembly plant in 1963, as part of an expansion into the US market. Unfinished KD (knocked down) coach bodies are shipped from Winnipeg, Manitoba , by flatbed trailer and completed, outfitted, and delivered at Pembina. This practice simplifies US Customs and meets
2013-655: The Netherlands. It is used for the assembly of their Model S sedan and Model X SUV for the European Union , but not all of Europe since only cars imported to the EU benefit from circumventing the 10% import duty (e.g. cars to Norway are shipped directly from the United States). For the most part, the car is still manufactured in the Tesla Factory in Fremont, California . During the final assembly in
2074-641: The Pars in 1999 and 206 introduced in 2001. In 2004, Peugeot's partner Iran Khodro produced 281'000 Peugeot vehicles, securing a 36% market share. In 1967 as well, Peugeot introduced CKD-based production of a light pick-up vehicle based on the Peugeot 403 in Peugeot's Berazategui factory (in Buenos Aires ) under the name Peugeot 4TB. In 1973, this model was replaced by the 404 pick-up and later (1990) by
2135-778: The SAIC holding company, and evolved from the Ricardo 2010 consultancy that was working with SAIC including developing the Roewe models and helping production of the Rover KV6 engine in China. In 2007 it formally transferred into SMTC. In 2019 there were large scale redundancies to the technical teams as SAIC downsized the SMTC in Longbridge. SAIC Motor UK was the major developer of MG and Roewe cars for SAIC. Its best known developed car
2196-615: The United Kingdom, the Longbridge plant . It also has a plant in Chonburi , Thailand, Cikarang , Indonesia, and Halol , India. SAIC operated a large research and development centre in the United Kingdom, the SAIC Motor UK Technical Centre , which as of 2012 employed around 275 engineers and 25 designers. The UK Technical Centre was the principal site worldwide for the development of MG cars, also playing
2257-478: The United States in knockdown kit (CKD) form, again to circumvent the chicken tax . Mahindra planned to export CKDs to the United States as complete vehicles that will be assembled in the United States from kits of parts shipped in crates. However, Mahindra's United States CKD and export plans never materialized and were subject to several lawsuits. In 2013, Tesla started operating an assembly plant in Tilburg ,
2318-586: The all-new 2024 MG4 EV and MG Marvel R for the local market by October 2023. Aside from importation, distribution, and aftersales operations, SMP’s functions also include the management of MG’s dealership network in the Philippines. This is currently composed of 42 authorized dealer locations and the addition of four more dealerships before the close of 2023, and a goal to have 60 MG dealerships running by 2025. In June 2012, SAIC's United States-based subsidiary Shanghai Automotive Industries Corp USA, Inc. opened
2379-517: The auto industry as knocked-down export ( KDX ), and cars assembled in the country of origin and exported whole to the destination market are known as built-up export ( BUX ). Technically, the terms "knock-down", "incompletely disassembled kit", and "kits of parts" are all misnomers because the knock-downs were never built up in the first place. The parts shipments are often not in the form of kits, but rather bulk-packed by type of part into shipping containers . The degree of "knock-down" depends on
2440-460: The avoidance of import taxes, to receive tax preferences for providing local manufacturing jobs, or even to be considered as a bidder at all (for example, in public transport projects with "buy national" rules). A semi-knocked-down kit ( SKD ) or incompletely disassembled kit (although it has never been assembled) is a kit of the partially assembled parts of a product. Both types of KDs, complete and incomplete, are collectively referred to within
2501-543: The city more than doubled its contribution to the national output of automotive components. In 1987, the only local parts used in one car, the Volkswagen Santana , were tires, radio, and antenna, but by 1998 over 90% of the components used in its manufacture were locally sourced. A goal set by the Shanghai Municipal government, creation of a local parts industry is an example of the influence that
SAIC Motor UK - Misplaced Pages Continue
2562-508: The company established itself as one of the leading Chinese automakers. During this period, SAIC effectively built an entire modern automotive component supply chain in Shanghai from scratch, and the number and quality of locally produced auto parts rose significantly. Cars that were previously assembled in China from knock-down kits provisioned by Volkswagen became products built from parts produced in Shanghai, and between 1990 and 1996
2623-484: The desires and technical abilities of the receiving organization or government import regulations. Developing nations may pursue trade and economic policies that call for import substitution or local content regulations. Companies with CKD operations help the country substitute the finished products it imports with locally assembled substitutes. Knock-down kit assembly plants are less expensive to establish and maintain because they do not need modern robotic equipment, and
2684-632: The early years of the Chinese automobile industry in the 1940s, and SAIC was one of the few carmakers in Mao's China , making the Shanghai SH760 . Currently, it participates in the oldest surviving sino-foreign automotive joint venture with Volkswagen ( SAIC-Volkswagen ) since 1984, and in addition operates a joint venture with General Motors ( SAIC-GM ) since 1998. It also produces and sells passenger vehicles under its own branding, such as Roewe , MG , Maxus / LDV , Rising Auto , and IM Motors . It
2745-585: The easing of import restrictions led to many used imports , because they were less expensive than locally assembled used cars, and outsold the 'NZ New' vehicles. The last companies to construct CKD kits in New Zealand were Toyota, Nissan, Mitsubishi , and Honda , which closed their plants in 1998 when the government announced plans to abolish import tariffs on cars. Other examples include Ukraine , which has almost prohibitive import taxes on finished cars. AutoZAZ assembles CKD kits of some Lada , Opel , Mercedes-Benz , and Daewoo cars. It went as far as adopting
2806-469: The formal establishment of Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive Co Ltd in March 1985 allowed it to produce competitive cars with foreign technology. Early success at SAIC were a result of guidance provided by local Shanghai authorities; at one time SAIC was simply an extension of the Shanghai Municipal government. For these two reasons and more, SAIC grew swiftly. In the 11 years leading to 1996, annual production capacity increased ten-fold to 300,000 units/year, and
2867-421: The highest tariff of 38.1 percent. On 26 June, after receiving more information, the EU reduced the proposed tariffs from 38.1 percent to 37.6 percent for SAIC. The tariffs subjected to SAIC vehicles are the highest among Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers that are affected. SAIC released a statement condemning the decision, noting that the tariffs are a form of unfair market discrimination that went against
2928-411: The local government has had on the development of SAIC. In June 1997, SAIC formed a second major joint venture, Shanghai General Motors Co Ltd, with General Motors. The new joint venture began operations in 1998, and helped to drive a doubling in SAIC's vehicle production between 2000 and 2004. SAIC also created joint ventures with component suppliers, such as the American Visteon . At the start of
2989-466: The mail was designed to fit together, therefore buyers could build the houses themselves or hire contractors. Sears sourced building materials at a high volume, thus keeping prices low and competitive with the local builders. Knock-down furniture dates back to at least the mid-19th century, with the 1859 Thonet No. 14 chair bentwood chair being easily disassembled for transportation. In the late 1940s, Australian designer Frederick Charles Ward founded
3050-426: The manufacturer needs to "localize" the car further, i.e., increase the share of parts produced by local manufacturers, such as tires, wheels, seats, headlights, windscreens and glass, batteries, interior plastics, etc., even down to the engine and transmission. At some point, the steel body could be pressed, welded, and painted locally, effectively making KD assembly only a few steps away from full-scale production. By
3111-492: The middle of the decade, SAIC attempted to acquire the British automaker MG Rover , but in 2005 was outbid by another Chinese automaker, Nanjing Automobile . SAIC did manage to obtain some MG Rover technology that was incorporated into a new line of luxury sedans sold under the Roewe marque, and it subsequently purchased the winning bidder. While the company saw sales success in the late 2000s, with 2.72 million vehicles sold in 2009, its 2004 purchase of an ownership stake in
SECTION 50
#17327876526373172-618: The other hand, stands for "Completely Built Up" and signifies import of a finished product. A common form of knock-down is a complete knock-down ( CKD ), which is a kit of entirely unassembled parts of a product. It is also a method of supplying parts to a market, particularly in shipping to foreign nations, and serves as a way of counting or pricing. CKD is a common practice in the automotive , bus , heavy truck , and rail vehicle industries, as well as electronics, furniture and other products. Businesses sell knocked-down kits to their foreign affiliates or licensees for various reasons, including
3233-402: The principles of free trade . In July 2024, SAIC Motor issued a statement stating that it would formally request the European Commission to hold a hearing on the anti-subsidy investigation. The company claimed that the European Commission's investigation asked SAIC to disclose its commercially sensitive information including battery-related chemical formulas, which SAIC declined as it is beyond
3294-687: The products of large international companies such as General Motors and Volkswagen made and sold in China. A joint venture between SAIC and Volkswagen Group . It was founded in 1984 and produces cars under the Volkswagen, Skoda, and Audi brands. This joint venture between SAIC and General Motors manufactures and sells Chevrolet , Buick , and Cadillac brand automobiles in Mainland China . SAIC produces MG Motors vehicles through this joint venture with Charoen Pokphand for their Thailand subsidiary. Established with Austrian technology provider TTTech in 2018 for Intelligent and Autonomous Driving solutions. On 13 April 2011, vehicle assembly resumed at
3355-402: The scope of a normal investigation. In November 2024, SAIC Motor Passenger Vehicle, the subsidiary of SAIC, announced to roll back the Rising Auto brand into Roewe, ending its history as an independent brand. Rising would turned into a premium electric product line under Roewe. The present-day SAIC is the product of numerous mergers and corporate restructurings. SAIC sells vehicles under
3416-438: The time Henry Ford co-wrote his 1922 memoir, My Life and Work , the Ford Motor Company was already shipping car parts from its Michigan plants for final assembly in the regions of the United States or foreign countries where the cars would be sold. During World War II , a significant number of US- and Canadian-built vehicles, most notably light and heavy trucks like Willys MB / Ford GPW /GPA, GMC-353/ CCKW , and vehicles from
3477-417: The wheels, internal combustion engine , transmission , and battery . They are either supplied as parts for assembly (a "complete" kit) or obtained from third parties (an "incomplete" kit); all of the interiors are already installed at the originating factory. The term SKD for semi-knocked-down refers to a kit with a complete, welded car body, usually coated or already painted. To gain extra tax preferences,
3538-400: The workforce may be less costly than in the country of origin. The plants may also be effective for low-volume production. The CKD concept allows firms in developing markets to gain expertise in a particular industry. At the same time, the CKD kit exporting company gains new markets that would otherwise be closed. In the automotive industry, the most basic form of a vehicle in the KD kit lacks
3599-543: The world, with 10.5% and 13% global market share respectively in 2021. Although it has a long history, originating from an automobile assembly factory established in Shanghai sometime around World War II, SAIC, unlike domestic rivals FAW Group and Dongfeng Motors , has only recently attained a position of prominence in the Chinese vehicle industry. A small company in the 1970s, SAIC owes its rise to more than an increase in domestic demand for passenger vehicles. A cooperative agreement made with Volkswagen in 1984 followed by
3660-513: Was done by Australian Motor Industries (AMI) in Port Melbourne, Victoria . Local content requirements were met by using Australian suppliers for the interiors (seats, carpeting, etc.) as well as for lights, heaters, and other components. Various Rambler models were assembled in New Zealand from the early 1960s until 1971 by Campbell Motors in Thames (later Toyota New Zealand ), which had also built Toyota , Datsun (later known as Nissan) , Hino, Renault, and Peugeot cars. New Zealand had developed
3721-415: Was formed in 2011 following the acquisition of LDV Group by SAIC in 2010, and produces MPVs, pickup trucks, and SUVs for both domestic sale and global export. A joint venture between SAIC, General Motors , and Guangxi Automobile Group (previously Wuling Group) Based in Liuzhou , Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region , in southwestern China , it makes commercial and consumer vehicles sold in China under
SECTION 60
#1732787652637#636363