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47-780: The Southern Philippines Medical Center ( SPMC ) is the largest government hospital under the Department of Health of the Republic of the Philippines . It is located at the JP Laurel Ave, Bajada, Davao City . It began as the Davao Medical Center . Its name was changed on November 19, 2009, by Republic Act 9792 . The health facility was established in 1917 as the Davao Public Hospital. It

94-605: A bachelor's degree in zoology in 1889. Shortly thereafter in September 1890, Worcester and fellow zoologist Frank Swift Bourns returned to the Philippines on a two-year zoological expedition funded by Louis F. Menage , a wealthy Minneapolis businessman who was the major benefactor of the Minnesota Academy of Natural Sciences. Events/Artifacts (north to south) Events/Artifacts Artifacts When

141-687: A fine of ₱2,000 and Kalaw to twelve months imprisonment and ₱3,000 fine and a verdict for moral and punitive damages for ₱25,000. The defendants appealed to the Supreme Court of the Philippines , which affirmed the decision of the lower court and to the Supreme Court of the United States , which sustained the decision of the Philippine tribunals. Governor-General Francis Burton Harrison pardoned Ocampo and Kalaw in 1914 after Worcester left public office in September 1913. Nevertheless,

188-744: A number of agencies, including the Bureau of Agriculture, Bureau of Science, Bureau of Government Laboratories and the Bureau of Health. In 1907, he founded the Philippine Medical School and in 1908 laid the cornerstone of the Philippine General Hospital , which opened in 1910 and has become the primary teaching hospital for the University of the Philippines College of Medicine and a hospital for

235-541: A profound influence in shaping public opinion in the United States about the "exotic" Filipinos. On 20 January 1899, Worcester was appointed by President William McKinley as a member of the Schurman Commission (First Philippine Commission) to make recommendations on how the U.S. should proceed after the sovereignty of the Philippines was ceded to the United States by Spain by the Treaty of Paris (1898) . He

282-520: Is composed of bureaus, services & program offices, under the following clusters: Office of the Secretary – Proper (OSEC) 1. Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth); 2. Food and Drug Administration (FDA); Dean Worcester Dean Conant Worcester was born 1 October 1866 in Thetford, Vermont to Ezra Carter Worcester (1816-1887) and Ellen Hunt (Conant) Worcester (1826–1902),

329-487: Is our duty, in serving the public, to extend basic healthcare protection to all our people. That is why we pushed for the augmentation of the PhilHealth’s budget so that in 2017, we achieve universal healthcare coverage,” she said. Legarda said universal healthcare coverage means that any non-member of PhilHealth will automatically be made a member upon availing healthcare service in a public hospital. In early January 2020,

376-546: Is the executive department of the government of the Philippines responsible for ensuring access to basic public health services by all Filipinos through the provision of quality health care , the regulation of all health services and products. It is the government's over-all technical authority on health. It has its headquarters at the San Lazaro Compound, along Rizal Avenue in Manila . The current head of

423-1448: The Philippine government did respond to the pandemic . It was heavily criticized by DOH Secretary Francisco Duque III . At present, the Department is headed by the Secretary of Health , with ten undersecretaries ( 9 official appointment and 1 OIC status ) and six assistant secretaries ( 5 official appointment and 1 OIC status ) heading the following teams: Executive Committee Secretary of Health DR. TEODORO J. HERBOSA Undersecretaries of Health DR. ABDULLAH B. DUMAMA, JR., MPA, CESO I DR. MARIA ROSARIO S. VERGEIRE, MPH, CESO II MR. ACHILLES GERARD C. BRAVO, CESO II DR. GLENN MATHEW G. BAGGAO, MHA, MSN, FPSMS, FPCHA DR. EMMIE LIZA PEREZ-CHIONG DR. ELMER G. PUNZALAN MS. MA. CAROLINA VIDAL-TAIÑO, CPA, MGM, CESO I DR. KENNETH G. RONQUILLO, MPHM, CESO III DR. MARY ANN PALERMO-MAESTRAL, MBA-HA, FPPS, CHA, FPCHA OIC-Undersecretary of Health DR. GLORIA J. BALBOA, MD, MPH, MHA, CEO VI, CESO III Assistant Secretary of Health DR. ARIEL I. VALENCIA, MPH, CESO III MS. MAYLENE M. BELTRAN, MPA, CESO III ATTY. FRANCES MAE CHERRYL K. ONTALAN ATTY. CHARADE B. MERCADO-GRANDE, MPSA ATTY. PAOLO S. TESTON OIC-Assistant Secretary of Health DR. ALBERT FRANCIS E. DOMINGO, MSC Bureaus and offices The DOH

470-527: The Spanish–American War broke out in 1898, Worcester was very quick to capitalize on his first-hand knowledge of the Philippines by engaging in public lectures and establishing himself as a leading authority on the country with the October 1898 publication of his Philippine Islands and their People . Worcester was an avid photographer during his time in the Philippines and his published photographs had

517-704: The 1912 and 1914 "Jones Bills" that were eventually passed by the United States Congress as the Jones Act of 1916 that restructured the Insular Government and began a process for full Philippine independence. On 24 July 1915, a popular protest broke out in Cebu in which Worcester was denounced as the coconut agribusiness company manager, demanding his replacement. And in early 1916, Philippine nationalist Maximo M. Kalaw wrote an editorial in

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564-527: The 1940s, the Bureau of Health was reorganized into the Department of Health and Public Welfare, still under Fabella. During this time, the major priorities of the agency were tuberculosis , malnutrition , malaria , leprosy , gastrointestinal disease, and the high infant mortality rate . When the Japanese occupied the Philippines, they dissolved the National Government and replaced it with

611-602: The Americans improved on the sewer system and provided a safer water supply. In 1915, the Bureau of Health was reorganized and renamed into the Philippine Health Service. During the succeeding years leadership and a number of health institutions were already being given to Filipinos, in accordance with the Organic Act of 1916. On January 1, 1919, Dr. Vicente De Jesus became the first Filipino to head

658-561: The Bureau of Governmental Laboratories, which was built in 1901 for medical research and vaccine production. The Americans, led by Dean Worcester built the UP College of Medicine and Surgery in 1905, with Johns Hopkins University serving as a blueprint, at the time, one of the best medical schools in the world. By 1909, nursing instruction was also begun at the Philippine Normal School . In terms of public health,

705-592: The Cebu newspaper El Precursor titled "Mr. Worcester and the Filipinos must part forever" in which he asserted that the Cebu protests were like the protests against George III if early Americans were presented to the British public as mostly Indian savages that were incapable of self-government. At issue according to Kalaw was that Worcester had published in 1914 The Philippines Past and Present in which he again used

752-574: The Central Administrative Organization of the Japanese Army . Health was relegated to the Department of Education, Health and Public Welfare under Commissioner Claro M. Recto . In 1944, President Manuel Roxas signed Executive Order (E.O.) No. 94 into law, calling for the creation of the Department of Health. Dr. Antonio C. Villarama as appointed Secretary. A new Bureau of Hospitals and a Bureau of Quarantine

799-500: The Health portfolio. In 1933, after a reorganization, the Philippine Health Service reverted to being known as the Bureau of Health. It was during this time that it pursued its official journal, The Health Messenger and established Community Health and Social Centers, precursors to today's Barangay Health Centers. By 1936, as Governor-General Frank Murphy was assuming the post of United States High Commissioner , he would remark that

846-551: The National Center for Mental Health was transferred to the hospital. At that time, the hospital was renamed the Davao Medical Center and the bed capacity was increased to 600. The name Davao Regional Hospital and Training Center was then transferred to the then Davao del Norte Provincial Hospital. In 2009, the bed capacity was further increased from 600 to 1,200. It officially became the largest hospital in

893-624: The Philippines after it was authorized to expand its capacity to 1,500 beds when the Republic Act No 11326 was approved on April 17, 2019, surpassing that of the Philippine General Hospital 's 1,334 beds. The actual capacity of the hospital as of April 2019 is 4000 beds. During 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the Philippines , Southern Philippines Medical Center became the main receiving center for confirmed COVID-19 patients in Mindanao. The hospital can now also perform confirmatory tests for

940-417: The Philippines confirmed its first case of Novel coronavirus disease . Two months later, the Philippines implemented national lockdowns, mask mandate , and social distancing . In February 2021, COVID-19 vaccines reached the Philippines and began to the administered. The Department of Health was criticized in a 2021 study saying that the Philippines was 2nd to the last in the world in terms by how effective

987-539: The Philippines led all oriental countries in terms of health status. When the Commonwealth of the Philippines was inaugurated, Dr. Jose F. Fabella was named chief of the Bureau of Health. In 1936, Dr. Fabella reviewed the Bureau of Health's organization and made an inventory of its existing facilities, which consisted of 11 community and social health centers, 38 hospitals, 215 puericulture centers, 374 sanitary divisions, 1,535 dispensaries and 72 laboratories. In

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1034-478: The Philippines. Failure to effectively control this major outbreak and subsequent cholera outbreaks in 1905 and 1908 were major embarrassments for Worcester and drew the ire of the Philippine press often claiming that the public health measures were primarily aimed at clearing slums for the redevelopment of the valuable Manila seaport area. In response, the Insular Department of Interior, primarily under

1081-551: The Senate committee on finance said that the proposed ₱3.35-trillion national budget for 2017 will provide healthcare assistance to all Filipinos, and an additional ₱3 billion was allocated to the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) to ensure coverage for all Filipinos. “The Department of Health (DOH) said there are some eight million Filipinos still not covered by PhilHealth. It

1128-620: The authorship of Worcester, published a history of these cholera outbreaks with an account of the agency's attempts to control them. In the monograph, he said that he went too far by ordering the burning of the houses in the Farola district. On October 30, 1908, El Renacimiento , a daily newspaper in Spanish , published an editorial written by Fidel A. Reyes (1878–1967), its city editor, titled "Aves de Rapiña" ("Birds of Prey"), which denounced an American official for using his office to exploit

1175-706: The corporate Diklum Ranch, Worcester also managed his own ranch located in Barangay Lurugan , Valencia , which was then managed by his son Frederick after his death. With Worcester's scientific approach to cattle ranching, the business became highly profitable and provided enough supply to greatly diminish cattle imports from as far away as China and Australia that had been occurring since the Philippine–American War had reduced cattle production by as much as 90%. Worcester died on 2 May 1924 in Manila. In

1222-542: The current 12.8 hectares (32 acres) site. Because of its importance in health care delivery, the Department of Health issued Administrative Order 157 designating it as the medical center for Mindanao and Sulu . During the martial law years and the Moro and the communist rebellion in the Philippines , the hospital was the major trauma center. In 1986, the Davao Mental Hospital, which had been an extension of

1269-473: The department is Sec. Ted Herbosa . The health secretary is also a member of the Cabinet . Americans assembled a military Board of Health on September 10, 1898, with its formal organization on September 29. Upon its creation, Dr. Frank S. Bourns is assigned as president while Dr. C. L. Mullins is assigned as assistant surgeon. The purpose of this Board of Health was to care for injured American troops but as

1316-477: The early 1920s he promoted the introduction of the newly developed Santa Gertrudis breed from South Texas into the Philippines as well. Worcester also had close relations with Dr. William Hutchins Boynton (1881–1959) the chief veterinary pathologist with the Philippine Bureau of Agriculture who by 1918 had developed an early vaccine for rinderpest , a devastating disease of cattle. In addition to

1363-543: The fines forced El Renacimiento to shut down. In 1911, while serving as Secretary of the Interior, Worcester published a monograph Coconut Growing in the Philippine Islands in which he analysed the farming technology and economics of plantation culture of coconuts for production of copra and oil . By 1914, this publication had become a standard reference for investors interested in coconut products, and

1410-425: The first health minister. On April 13, 1987, the Department of Health was created from the previous Ministry of Health with Dr. Alfredo R. A. Bengzon as secretary of health. On December 17, 2016, Health Secretary Paulyn Jean Rossel-Ubial announced that in 2017 the government will start paying the hospital bills and medicines of poor Filipinos. She said that the Department of Health (DOH) is capable of taking care of

1457-575: The hospital bills and medicines of poor Filipinos owing to its bigger budget starting in 2017. A total of ₱96.336 billion was allocated to the DOH in the 2017 national budget, which includes funds for the construction of additional health facilities and drug rehabilitation centers. Ubial said poor patients in government hospitals do not even have to present PhilHealth cards when they avail of assistance. She added that poor patients will no longer be billed by government hospitals. Senator Loren Legarda , chair of

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1504-428: The hostilities between Filipinos and Americans waned in 1901, a civilian Board of Health was now deemed appropriate with Dr. L. M. Maus as the first health commissioner. In the early 1900s, 200,222 lives including 66,000 children were lost; three percent of the population was decimated in the worst epidemic in Philippine health history. In view of this, the Americans organized and erected several institutions, including

1551-931: The operations of the American-Philippine Company (AMPHILCO) and its three subsidiaries in which he was an investor: the Insular Transportation Company, the Bukidnon Plantation Company and the Visayan Refining Company. Considerable American investments were being made in these companies. Despite Worcester's resignation from public office, Worcester remained as a focus of Filipino animosity largely for his unfavorable depiction of Filipinos in The Philippine Islands and Their People and his high-profile public opposition of

1598-729: The passage of the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act (1909) and the opening of the Panama Canal (1914) made for a favorable economic climate for importation of Philippine products, including coconut oil, to the industrial centers of the East Coast of the United States. Beginning in 1908, in his capacity as Secretary of Interior, Worcester acquired large tracts of lands in Bukidnon for the use by large-scale agribusinesses. After resignation from public service, he became more involved in

1645-515: The patients with the coronavirus independently. The Southern Philippines Medical Center has several hospital buildings. This include: Although the hospital is located in Davao City and is the only public hospital in the city, it is not the jurisdiction of the city government. The hospital is classified as a regional hospital. Department of Health (Philippines) The Department of Health ( DOH ; Filipino : Kagawaran ng Kalusugan )

1692-579: The poor. Worcester had a keen interest in public health, but his response to a major 1902–04 outbreak of cholera in Manila and other Philippine cities was highly criticized. The epidemic was particularly severe in the district of Farola in Manila (near present-day San Nicolas ) that was home to many of the city's poorest. Worcester ordered the burning of hundreds of houses and forced quarantine of many frightened and homeless Filipinos. Despite these draconian measures taken by Worcester and public health officials, 109,461 people died in Manila and elsewhere in

1739-465: The port city of Cagayan de Oro . Cattle ranching began in Bukidnon in the mid-1900s from shorthorn stock originally imported from Texas , but Worcester had taken what had been learned from experiments undertaken by the Bureau of Agriculture to crossbreed cattle from different parts of the world, including the zebu from India for better performance and disease resistance in a tropics. And later in

1786-588: The power of his photography to depict "primitive" Filipinos juxtaposed with photos of the modern infrastructure brought by the Americans, particularly during his own tenure as Secretary of the Interior. But the protests against Worcester subsided in late 1916 once the Jones Act was passed into law and the coconut oil exports were beginning to substantially fuel the local economy in Cebu. Historians Rodney J. Sullivan and Michael Culinane have both pointed out that this later muted response toward American businesses in Cebu

1833-551: The regional offices and directors. One of the priorities of the Marcos administration was health maintenance. From 1975 to the mid-1980s, four specialty hospitals were built in succession. The first three institutions were spearheaded by First Lady Imelda Marcos . The Philippine Heart Center was established on February 14, 1975, with Dr. Avelino Aventura as director. Second, the Philippine Children's Medical Center

1880-631: The resources of the country for his personal gains. The article dealt with corruption in the colonial government. Worcester was alleged to have used his anthropological research to seek out gold in Benguet and exploit untapped natural resources in Mindoro and Mindanao . He was also alleged to have profited from the illegal sale of diseased cattle meat and from the sale of overpriced land concessions on government property. According to historian Ambeth Ocampo , Worcester objected to "insinuation(s) that he

1927-516: The youngest of nine children. He attended public schools in Vermont. He attended high school in Newton, Massachusetts . Worcester entered the University of Michigan in October 1884, and he was part of the 1887–1888 zoological expedition to the Philippines organized by Joseph Beal Steere in which they collected over 300 zoological specimens, of which 53 were deemed new to science. He graduated with

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1974-614: Was again appointed on 16 March 1900 by McKinley as the only member from the Schurman Commission to serve on the successor Taft Commission (Second Philippine Commission) where he served until 1913. As a member of the Philippine Commission , he simultaneously served in the highly influential role of Secretary of the Interior for the Insular Government . In this capacity he oversaw the founding of

2021-589: Was built in 1979. Then in 1983, the National Kidney and Transplant Institute was set up. This was soon followed by the Lung Center of the Philippines , which was constructed under the guidance of Health Minister Dr. Enrique Garcia . With a shift to a parliamentary form of government, the Department of Health was transformed into the Ministry of Health on June 2, 1978, with Dr. Clemente S. Gatmaitan as

2068-490: Was created under DOH. Under E.O. 94, the Institute of Nutrition was created in 1948 to coordinate various nutrition activities of the different agencies. On February 20, 1958, Executive Order 288 provided for the reorganization of the Department of Health. This entailed a partial decentralization of powers and created eight Regional Health Offices. Under this setup, the Secretary of Health passed on some of responsibilities to

2115-592: Was initially a 25-bed capacity hospital along San Pedro Street. In 1946, The hospital was renamed as the Davao General Hospital and its capacity was increased to about 200 beds. In 1957, the hospital transferred to its current location at JP Laurel Ave. in Bajada. It was renamed Davao Regional Medical and Training Center by virtue of the Republic Act 1859 . In 1966, the hospital was transferred to

2162-726: Was largely because some of the leading families such as the Osmeñas and the Kalaws themselves were major beneficiaries of the economic development brought by Worcester and the other Americans. In 1914, Worcester also had become involved in the cattle ranching operations at the Diklum Ranch (another subsidiary of AMPHILCO), a 10,000 hectare tract of grasslands on the Bukidnon Plateau in Manolo Fortich, Bukidnon , near

2209-515: Was like a rapacious eagle that plundered his fellow men. He was offended by the line that said he had: 'the characteristics of the vulture, the owl and the vampire.'" Although the editorial did not mention names, Worcester felt that he was the public official referred to and filed a libel case against Reyes, as well as editor Teodoro Kalaw and publisher Martin Ocampo, among several others. The lower court sentenced Ocampo to six months imprisonment and

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