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35-463: (Redirected from Sainte-Marie Sault ) Sault Ste. Marie may refer to: People [ edit ] Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians , a Native American tribe in Michigan Places [ edit ] Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario , Canada Sault Ste. Marie (federal electoral district) , a Canadian federal electoral district serving

70-732: A Title I Distinguished School Award; it was one of 95 schools honored among the 48,000 Title I schools nationwide. Other tribal endeavors include building the Chi Mukwa (Big Bear) Recreation Center in Sault Ste. Marie. It offers Olympic and NHL -size ice rinks, a basketball court, a volleyball court, aerobics room, and fitness areas. The Tribe publishes a monthly newspaper, Win Awenen Nisitotung , which in Ojibwe means "he/she/or one, who well or fully understands." The newspaper

105-557: A historic reservation from a previous treaty. As part of the process, the federal government took land in trust for the tribe by deed dated May 17, 1973, and approved by the Bureau of Indian Affairs on March 7, 1974. The Commissioner of Indian Affairs formally declared the trust land to be a reservation for the tribe on February 20, 1975, with notice published in the Federal Register on February 27, 1975. The reservation land

140-692: A late tribal leader who helped develop the tribe's first housing, education, and health programs. Open to all students in the community, Bahweting has achieved progress. It offers an introduction to the Anishnaabe language, culture and values. The school was awarded the Governor of Michigan's Gold Apple Award for outstanding student performance in the ‘Most Improved’ category on the Michigan Education Assessment Program (MEAP) tests. The U.S. Department of Education gave it

175-677: A majority interest. They filed for bankruptcy protection in 2008, during the Great Recession . In June 2010 the Michigan Gaming Control Board voted 4–0 at a special meeting to transfer ownership from the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians to new investors. The tribe's participation in the Greektown Casino created state support for authorization of three casinos in Detroit. These have provided

210-691: A part of the homelands of the Oc̣eṭi Ṡakowiƞ (Dakota, Lakota, Nakoda, or Sioux), who were pushed westward by the Anishinaabe Migration from the east coast, this location became known as Bawating by the Anishinaabe (the Ojibwe or Chippewa), who arrived there before Europeans showed up in the mid-to-late 16th century. Bawating , sometimes seen written as Baawiting or Bahweting , is an Ojibwe word meaning "The Gathering Place." The Chippewa participated in trading with other tribes, and later with

245-692: A time they had an alliance with the Eastern Dakota . Beginning about 1737, they competed for nearly 100 years with the Eastern Dakota and the Fox tribes in the interior of Wisconsin, west and south of Lake Superior. The Ojibwe were technologically more advanced, and acquired guns through trade with the French, which for a time gave them an advantage. They eventually drove the Dakota Sioux out of most of northern Wisconsin and northeastern Minnesota into

280-586: Is state recognized . Based on a 1993 compact with the state, the tribe operates five casinos under the Kewadin Casinos name in Sault Ste. Marie, St. Ignace , Manistique , Christmas and Hessel . The tribe also owns and manages hotels at the Christmas, Sault Ste. Marie and St. Ignace casino sites. These tribal enterprises operate at a profit, generating revenues for the tribe. The tribe formerly operated Detroit's Greektown Casino , where they held

315-483: Is also a significant and historic relation with Garden River First Nation , also known as Ketegaunseebee ( Gitigaan-ziibi Anishinaabe in the Ojibwe language), an Ojibwa band located at Garden River 14 near Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada. Several thousand Mackinac Band members continue to work to gain independent federal recognition. They have formed the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians , which

350-531: Is commonly referred to as the WAN . The tribe operates two Midjim convenience stores, one in Sault Ste. Marie and the other located in St. Ignace. These offer discounted gasoline and cigarettes for tribal members. Lake Superior Band of Chippewa Indians The Lake Superior Chippewa ( Anishinaabe : Gichigamiwininiwag ) are a large number of Ojibwe (Anishinaabe) bands living around Lake Superior ; this territory

385-752: Is considered part of northern Michigan , Wisconsin , and Minnesota in the United States. They migrated into the area by the seventeenth century, encroaching on the Eastern Dakota people who had historically occupied the area. The Ojibwe defeated the Eastern Dakota, who migrated west into the Great Plains after the final battle in 1745. While they share a common culture including the Anishinaabe language , this highly decentralized group of Ojibwe includes at least twelve independent bands in

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420-523: Is located in both the city of Sault Ste. Marie and in Sugar Island Township , on Sugar Island (Sugar Island part at 46°28′19″N 84°12′44″W  /  46.47194°N 84.21222°W  / 46.47194; -84.21222 ) east of the city. Since formal recognition in 1972, the tribe has increased in number of members. It has approximately 40,000 members on its rolls. In the 21st century, many Sault Tribe members live off-reservation in

455-603: Is part of the Inter-Tribal Council of Michigan, which represents 11 of the 12 federally recognized tribes in Michigan. These include tribes of Potowatomi and Odawa peoples who, together with the Ojibwe, have made up the Council of Three Fires . In Wisconsin, reservations were established at Red Cliff , Bad River , Lac Courte Oreilles , and Lac du Flambeau . The St. Croix and Sokaogon bands, left out of

490-633: The Great Lakes region since about 1200CE. They were part of a wide trading network. The modern Sault Tribe is descended from Ojibwe ancestors who lived on Sugar Island in the St. Mary's River between the U.S. state of Michigan and the Canadian province of Ontario , and in the area. The Sault Tribe gained federal recognition by the United States Commissioner of Indian Affairs on September 7, 1972. The tribe did not have

525-710: The Indian Reorganization Act , the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community was defined as successor apparent to the L'Anse, Lac Vieux Desert, and Ontonagon bands. Government functions were centralized with it, although all three reservations were retained. In 1988 the Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa succeeded in gaining federal recognition as a separate tribe. Together with the Keneewaw Bay tribe, it

560-600: The Mississippi River , as the government had attempted. Under the treaty, bands with reservations have been federally recognized as independent tribes; several retain Lake Superior Chippewa in their formal names to indicate their shared culture. At some point before 1650, the Ojibwe split into two groups near what is now Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan . They believed this to have been one of the stops in their migration that their prophets predicted; it

595-566: The Sandy Lake tragedy , in which several hundred Chippewa died, including women and children. The La Pointe chief Kechewaishke (Buffalo) went to Washington, DC to appeal to the government for relief. National outrage had been aroused by the many deaths of the Ojibwe, and the US ended attempts at Ojibwe removal. The final treaty in 1854 established permanent reservations in Michigan at L'Anse , Lac Vieux Desert , and Ontonagon . In 1934 under

630-579: The US Government in the mid-nineteenth century, the Lake Superior Chippewa were formally grouped as a unit, which included the In the winter of 1851, President Zachary Taylor ordered the removal of the Lake Superior Chippewa to west of the Mississippi River , as had already been forced on most other tribes in the east. During the course of these removals, the US Army attacked in what has become known as

665-939: The 1854 treaty, did not obtain tribal lands or federal recognition until the 1930s after the Indian Reorganization Act . In Minnesota, reservations were set up at Fond du Lac and Grand Portage . Other bands, such as the Bois Forte Band , continued independent negotiations with the US government and ended political affiliation with the Lake Superior Chippewa. Today the bands are federally recognized as independent tribes with their own governments. They remain culturally closely connected. They have engaged in legal actions concerning treaty rights , such as fishing for walleye . Many bands include "Lake Superior Chippewa" in their official tribal names to indicate their historic and cultural affiliations (Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, etc.) Historical bands and political successors-apparent are

700-860: The French, British and American traders here in turn. The Sault Tribe of Chippewa Indians is the largest federally recognized tribe in Michigan, outnumbering the next largest tribe, the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians , by a scale of about 10 to one. It was recognized in 1972 with five units in seven counties. In 1979 the tribal council included the Mackinac Band as members, nearly doubling its enrollment. The tribe's revenues from its Kewadin Casinos has enabled it to establish health centers and invest in education for its members. The Sault Tribe operates its own government, with regular elections for chairperson and council members. Council members represent

735-477: The Joseph K. Lumsden Bahweting Anishnaabe Public School Academy in Sault Ste. Marie. This is operated independently as both a Bureau of Indian Affairs school and a Michigan charter school. It was founded to offer an alternative to Sault Ste. Marie Area Schools , from which "Chippewa County" Sault Tribe of Chippewa Indians</ref> students had a high drop-out rate. The school was renamed in 1998 to honor Lumsden,

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770-894: The Lansing Promise to provide college scholarships for graduates of the city's schools." The casino is proposed to be built next to the Lansing Center, blocks from the state capitol building. The Department of Interior will take the land into trust which the Sault Tribe bought from Lansing. The tribe has reinvested revenues from the casino/hotel operations to build infrastructure for the welfare and education of its people. It operates six health centers for its members, with locations in Sault Ste. Marie, St. Ignace, Manistique, Munising, Newberry, and Hessel. The tribe also has emphasized education for its youth, offering several college scholarships for members. The tribe helped found

805-563: The Lansing project violated the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act and the 1993 compact which the tribe had made with Gov. John Engler when it established its first casinos. In September 2015 a judge dismissed the state's lawsuit seeking to block a casino in downtown Lansing. The mayor of Lansing has publicly supported the project, saying that the casino "would bring thousands of good-paying jobs to Lansing and fully fund

840-591: The Ontario city Sault Ste. Marie (provincial electoral district) , a Canadian provincial electoral district serving the Ontario city Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan , United States Other uses [ edit ] HMCS  Sault Ste. Marie , a ship of the Royal Canadian Navy All pages with titles containing Sault Ste. Marie Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

875-566: The Tribal Council in 1996. He was elected as chairman in 2004, defeating a 17-year incumbent. In 2008 he lost his race for re-election to Joe Eitrem, but was re-elected in 2012, 2016 and 2020. The tribe operates its own police department and tribal court. For hundreds of years preceding modern European contact, the Sault (Soo) Band ancestors were part of the large Lake Superior Band of Chippewa Indians . The Ojibwe (known as Chippewa in

910-579: The United States) were known to have migrated over centuries from the Atlantic Coast. They historically spoke the Ojibwe language , one of numerous Algonquian languages . Chiefs whose signatories identified them as members of the Sault (Soo) Band and other bands were among those in the region signing treaties with the United States in 1820. Ancestors of the tribe are believed to have lived in

945-477: The Upper and Lower Peninsulas of Michigan, about one third live throughout the United States and Canada, and on other continents. At any given time, significant numbers are serving in the military. In 1979 the Tribal Council passed a resolution allowing Mackinac Band members to enroll in the tribe, which doubled the number of enrolled members. In the 21st century, the Sault Tribe consists of more than 20 bands. There

980-785: The following: In addition to these political successors-apparent, the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe (via the St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Minnesota), Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe (via Removable Fond du Lac Band of the Chippewa Indian Reservation), and the White Earth Band of Chippewa (via the Removable St. Croix Chippewa of Wisconsin of the Gull Lake Indian Reservation) in present-day Minnesota retain minor Successorship to

1015-610: The nation, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The Lake Superior Chippewa are numerous and contain many bands. A separate sub-nation, known as the Biitan-akiing-enabijig (Border Sitters), were located between the Ojibwe of the Lake Superior watershed and other nations. The Biitan-akiing-enabijig were divided into three principal Bands: In a series of treaties with

1050-465: The region and state with employment and income. In 2011 the tribe said it was considering development of additional downstate casinos in Romulus and the state capital of Lansing . These were proposed to be built on land the tribe owned but which had not yet been put in trust by the federal government. Both projects were challenged in court cases. Michigan Attorney General Bill Schuette contended that

1085-462: The region. As the Lake Superior Chippewa in the nineteenth century, leaders of the bands negotiated together with the United States government under a variety of treaties to protect their historic territories against land theft by European-American settlers. The United States set up several reservations for bands in this area under the treaties, culminating in one in 1854. This enabled the people to stay in this territory rather than to be forced west of

Sault Ste. Marie - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-543: The title Sault Ste. Marie . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sault_Ste._Marie&oldid=1182867008 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians Originally

1155-420: The tribe's five units throughout seven counties in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Over one half of the tribe's enrolled members reside outside the five units, but vote within those established units. They vote in a unit where they have significant ancestral or historic ties. In 2012 the current chairman Aaron A. Payment was elected by the largest majority in the tribe's modern history. He had first been elected to

1190-475: The western plains. The Lakota were pushed west, where they eventually settled in the Great Plains of present-day Nebraska and the Dakotas. The Ojibwe successfully spread throughout the Great Lakes region, with colonizing bands settling along lakes and rivers throughout what would become northern Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota. La Pointe on Madeline Island remained the spiritual and commercial center of

1225-533: Was part of the westward path of the Anishinaabe from the Atlantic Coast . Ojibwe who followed the south shore of Lake Superior found the final prophesied stopping place and "the food that grows on water" ( wild rice ) at Madeline Island . During the late 17th century, the Ojibwe at Madeline Island began to expand into other territory. They had population pressures, a desire for furs to trade , and divisions over relations with French Jesuit missions . For

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