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96-520: The 422-square-kilometre (163 sq mi) municipality is the 233rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Sandefjord is the most populous municipality in Vestfold and the 14th most populous municipality in Norway, with a population of 65,574. The municipality's population density is 158.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (410/sq mi) and its population has increased by 6.5% over

192-419: A field (or a charge ) may be covered with a pattern, rather than a flat tincture or a simple division of the field . The diminutives of the ordinaries are frequently employed to vary the field. Any of these patterns may be counterchanged by the addition of a division line; for example, barry argent and azure, counterchanged per fess or checquy Or and gules , counterchanged per chevron . When

288-534: A bend or bend sinister, or one of their diminutives, is chequy, the chequers follow the direction of the bend unless otherwise specified. James Parker cites the French term equipolle to mean chequy of nine, though mentions that this is identical to a cross quarter-pierced (strangely, this is blazoned as a Latin square chequy of nine in the arms of the Statistical Society of Canada ). He also gives

384-411: A bend which is blazoned of one tincture and called lozengy ; this means that the ordinary is entirely composed of lozenges, touching at their obtuse corners. Such arrangement is better blazoned as lozenges bendwise . In paly bendy , the bendwise lines are supposed to be less acute than in plain lozengy. Part of the field of the arms of the 544th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group of

480-587: A book, Deutsche Fibel . They were also given a copy of Adolf Hitler's book Mein Kampf translated into the Norwegian language. German forces constructed two coastal forts in Sandefjord, located at the southern tips of two local peninsulas: Vesterøya and Østerøya . The largest German construction in Sandefjord took place at Folehavna , where a fortress was erected in the spring of 1941. Four cannons with

576-533: A butterfly, though this is categorised as a fur. The number of rows of pappellony are sometimes defined, such as seven in the arms of the Aleberici Family of Bologna. The ancient arms of the French Barons de Châteaubriant were Gules papellony or . The Italian term squamoso and the French écaillé , meaning 'scaly', are similar. Used in some South African coats, this means patterned like

672-599: A discrete number (often eight) of the charge. Thus for example the arms of Jesus College, Cambridge , which despite a blazon of seme are invariably depicted with either eight or ten crowns golde on its bordure. A large number (usually eight) of any one charge arranged as if upon an invisible bordure is said to be in orle , an orle being a diminutive band within the bordure. Most small charges can be depicted as semé, e.g. semé of roses , semé of estoiles , and so forth. In English heraldry, several types of small charges have special terms to refer to their state as semé: When

768-573: A fast pace. Cities with high population densities are, by some, considered to be overpopulated, though this will depend on factors like quality of housing and infrastructure and access to resources. Very densely populated cities are mostly in Asia (particularly Southeast Asia ); Africa's Lagos , Kinshasa , and Cairo ; South America's Bogotá , Lima , and São Paulo ; and Mexico City and Saint Petersburg also fall into this category. City population and especially area are, however, heavily dependent on

864-505: A field gyronny of six; there may be gyronny of ten or twelve, and the arms of Clackson provide an example of gyronny of sixteen . While the gyrons of gyronny almost invariably meet in the fess point, the exact centre of the shield, the arms of the University of Zululand are an unusual example of gyronny meeting in the nombril point, a point on the shield midway between the fess point and the base point. Gyronny can be modified by most of

960-429: A field semé is of a metal, the charges strewn on it must be of a colour, and vice versa, so as not to offend the rule of tincture . In Cornish heraldry, the arms granted 1764 to a Hockin family are Per fesse wavy gules and azure a lion passant gardant or, beneath his feet a musket lying horizontally proper; and semé of fleur de lys confusedly dispersed of the third [emphasis added], alluding to an incident in which

1056-407: A given day. The likelihood of snow falling is highest in late January and the season in which it is likely to snowfall spans from early November until early April. The coldest day of the year in Sandefjord is 4 February, with an average low temperature of −6 °C (21 °F) and average high of only −1 °C (30 °F). Sandefjord Municipality includes several larger urban areas in addition to

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1152-544: A high urbanization level, with an economically specialized city population drawing also on rural resources outside the area, illustrating the difference between high population density and overpopulation . Deserts have very limited potential for growing crops as there is not enough rain to support them. Thus, their population density is generally low. However, some cities in the Middle East, such as Dubai , have been increasing in population and infrastructure growth at

1248-415: A little less than the land area of Puerto Rico , 8,868 square kilometres (3,424 sq mi). Although the arithmetic density is the most common way of measuring population density, several other methods have been developed to provide alternative measures of population density over a specific area. Variation of the field In heraldry , variations of the field are any of a number of ways that

1344-694: A municipal reform by the Solberg Cabinet . The "new" municipality became the most populous in Vestfold county. Proposed names for the "new" municipality were Gokstad , Sandar , and Torp , however, the name Sandefjord was ultimately kept. A poll conducted by the Sandefjords Blad newspaper in January 2015 called 600 residents in Andebu, 750 in Stokke, and 1,000 in Sandefjord. All were given

1440-426: A nationwide municipal reform. This merger was the first one to take place during the reform. The name Sandefjord was first mentioned in chapter 169 of Sverris saga from the year 1200. It was then referring to the fjord which is now known as Sandefjordsfjord . The municipality (originally the city of Sandefjord) is named after the local fjord, now called Sandefjordsfjorden since the city of Sandefjord grew up at

1536-483: A number of seamen. Håkon Andersen of Framnes was killed onboard Arcturus when the ship was attacked by British Beaufighters . Albert K. J. Skålsvik (1921–1944) of Krokemoa, a member of the Norwegian Homefleet ("Hjemmeflåten"), was 18 years when the war broke out. Skålsvik was killed, along with the captain, when the ship DS Kong Bjørn was attacked by allied warplanes by Ryvingen Lighthouse in 1944. He

1632-523: A number of ships from Sandefjord were whaling and sealing in the Arctic Ocean and along the coast of Finnmark . The first whaling expedition from Sandefjord to the Antarctic Ocean was sent in 1905. Towards the end of the 1920s, Sandefjord had a fleet of 15 factory ships and more than 90 whalers. In 1954, more than 2,800 men from the district were hired as crew on the whalers, but from

1728-422: A seaport defined by the twin industries of shipping and shipbuilding throughout the 1600s and 1700s. It was formally recognized as a market town ( kjøpstad ) by King Oscar in 1845. Its population at the time was 749 residents. The city of Sandefjord became known as a world-renowned health resort destination between 1837 and 1939. Royalty and Prime Ministers from throughout Europe visited the town for its spas in

1824-466: A solid fretwork surface and is to be distinguished from a field fretty . An extremely rare, possibly unique example of a field rustré - counterchanged rustres - occurs in Canadian heraldry in the arms of R.C. Purdy Chocolates Ltd. A shield that is divided quarterly and per saltire, forming eight triangular pieces, is gyronny . This is technically a field covered with gyrons , a rare charge in

1920-435: A target range of 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) were installed at the site, along with a 120-metre (390 ft) tunnel. The four 15-centimetre (5.9 in) cannons were installed in concrete gun pits on the sloping rocks. German construction also took place by the lake Goksjø , and also at Jernbaneallén, where a former garage structure was turned into a prison camp. Many local residents were killed during World War II, including

2016-538: A total coastline of 146 kilometres (91 mi), and form the Sandefjordsfjorden and Mefjorden . The coastline offers a wide variety of sandy beaches, skerries , and islets , along with bays and sloping rocks. Forested areas are often laced with paths and lighted for trails for summer hikes and winter skiing. Of Sandefjord's total area, 37.7 square kilometres (14.6 sq mi) (31%) is agricultural and 36.2 square kilometres (14.0 sq mi) (26%)

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2112-439: A trellis. Although almost invariably the bendlets and scarpes are of the same tincture, there is an example in which they are of two different metals. It is rare for the number of pieces of the fretty to be specified, though this is sometimes done in French blazon. The bendlets and bendlets sinister are very rarely anything other than straight, as in the arms of David Robert Wooten, in which they are raguly. Objects can be placed in

2208-407: Is " Or , a Viking ship sable with a sail paly gules and argent under a whale embowed " . This means the arms have a field (background) has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it is made out of metal, then gold is used. The arms usually showed a mural crown over the shield. The charge is a Viking ship with a red and white striped sail with an arched whale over

2304-516: Is barry-bendy ; and similarly, when reversed, barry-bendy sinister . A field which seems to be composed of a number of triangular pieces is barry bendy and bendy sinister . When divided by palewise and fesswise lines into a chequered pattern , the field is chequy . The coat of arms of Croatia Chequy gules and argent is a well known example of the red and white chequy. The arms of a Bleichröder, banker to Bismarck, show chequy fimbriated (the chequers being divided by thin lines). The arms of

2400-482: Is again divided, the effect is of a six-part division. If no number of pieces is specified, it may be left up to the heraldic artist, but is still represented with an even number. An instance of a fess ... paly Sable , Argent, Bleu celeste and Or occurs in the arms of the 158th Quartermaster Battalion of the United States Army , although this is atypical terminology and it could be argued that

2496-482: Is called the Allee effect after the scientist who identified it. Examples of the causes of reduced fertility in low population densities are: Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually transcribed as "per square kilometer" or square mile, and which may include or exclude, for example, areas of water or glaciers. Commonly this is calculated for a county , city , country , another territory or

2592-456: Is forest. About 2 percent is made up of lakes and rivers. Sandefjord is located east of Larvik Municipality , west of Færder Municipality , and southwest of Tønsberg Municipality . The coastal municipality includes about 124 islands. Small island bays give shelter for overnight campers, and many islets have relatively accessible beaches. Sandefjord is home to several peninsulas, including the 12-square-kilometre (4.6 sq mi) Vesterøya ,

2688-550: Is in the arms of Fusagasugá , Cundinamarca , Colombia . The arms of the Special Troops Battalion of the 2nd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division of the United States Army has the unique field Per pale sable and gules with stylized folds sanguine , the sinister half of the field symbolizing a warrior's cape. A field pappellony (French: papillon , 'butterfly') shows a pattern like the wings of

2784-458: Is made out of metal, then gold is used. The charge is a whaler with a harpoon standing on a boat that is coming out of the base of the shield. The arms show part of a local whale hunting monument to symbolize the historical importance of whaling . The arms were designed by Erik Raastad from Sandefjord who called the design "courage and strength". There were also minor modification done by the heraldic expert Jan Eide from Oslo. The municipal flag has

2880-579: Is named Sandefjord Cove in honor of Larsen's hometown. Sandefjord Ice Bay in continental Antarctica is also named after Sandefjord. Mount Nils Larsen in Queen Maud Land , Mount Nils in Enderby Land and Nils Larsen Glacier are examples of many geographical names given in honor of Nils Larsen. A week after Operation Weserübung , German forces entered Sandefjord on 16 April 1940. About 30-40 men arrived in semi-trucks from Horten under

2976-659: Is now commemorated at the Hall of Remembrance in the town of Stavern in neighborin Larvik Municipality . Skålsvik's younger brother, Bernard, was also a part of the Homefleet and was killed at age 17 in 1945. Radios were illegal, and people of Sandefjord such as Henry Melby of Gokstad was arrested for having a radio in 1942. He was incarcerated at the tanker Inger Johanne , which was attacked by allied warplanes in 1944, killing 15 people, including Henry Melby. In

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3072-442: Is often used to represent either water or a body of water in general, or the sea in particular, though there are other if less commonly used methods of representing the sea, including in a more naturalistic manner. When the field (or a charge) is described as semé or semy (occasionally semee ) of a sub-ordinary or other charge , it is depicted as being scattered (literally 'seeded') with many copies of that charge. Semé

3168-421: Is perhaps best known as a whaling community. The centre of the world's modern whaling industry was located in town, and local residents not only made up practically all the crew on the Norwegian whaling fleet, but substantial numbers of them also worked within the whaling industry in nearby countries. For over fifty years in the late 1800s, Sandefjord functioned as the world center for the whaling industry, including

3264-427: Is regarded as part of the field and thus within the opening section of the blazon describing the field before the first comma. Thus: Azure semy-de-lis or not Azure, semy-de-lis or . A charge on top would be blazoned: Azure semy-de-lis or, a bend argent . To avoid confusion with a simple use of a large number of the same charge (e.g. Azure, fifteen fleurs-de-lis or ), the charges semé are ideally depicted cut off at

3360-530: Is taken into account, then human population density is 53/km (140/sq mi). This includes all continental and island land area, including Antarctica . However, if Antarctica is excluded, then population density rises to over 58 per square kilometre (150/sq mi). The European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) has developed a suite of (open and free) data and tools named the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) to improve

3456-560: Is the practice of most adjectives being placed after nouns rather than, as is standard in English, before. A problem arises as to acceptable spellings of French words used in English blazons, especially in the case of adjectival endings, determined in normal French usage by gender and number. It is considered by some heraldic authorities as pedantry to adopt strictly correct French linguistic usage for English blazons. E.g. Cussans (1869): ... for to describe two hands as appaumées , because

3552-410: Is the warmest month of the year in Sandefjord when temperatures often rise above 20 °C (68 °F). Sandefjord has a relatively humid continental climate ( Dfb ) with warm summers, no dry season, and relatively much precipitation year long. During the colder season, which is from the end of November until early March, there is a 56 percent average chance that precipitation will be observed during

3648-622: The Faroe Islands in 1894, which was located at Gjánoyri on the island of Streymoy . As of 1903, half of all whaling companies in the Faroe Islands were operated out of Sandefjord. Furthermore, Sandefjord was the headquarters of the South African Whaling Company (SAWC), which was established in 1908 and managed by shipowner Johan Bryde of Sandefjord. Sandefjordian whaling firms were also established on

3744-639: The Southern Ocean . In the 1910s, affluent resident August F. Christensen was given a grant to practice whaling outside Peru and Ecuador . He was also appointed Ecuador's consul to Norway. He achieved an agreement with Ecuadorian government officials which allowed Norwegians to inhabit the Galápagos Islands , and also receive 200 hectares (490 acres) of land, pay no taxes for ten years, and be allowed to keep their Norwegian citizenship. Christensen created huge local interest of Galápagos, and

3840-526: The city of Sandefjord (population: 45,816): Population density Population density (in agriculture : standing stock or plant density ) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans , but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term. Population density is population divided by total land area , sometimes including seas and oceans, as appropriate. Low densities may cause an extinction vortex and further reduce fertility. This

3936-502: The entire world . The world's population is around 8,000,000,000 and the Earth 's total area (including land and water) is 510,000,000 km (200,000,000 sq mi). Therefore, the worldwide human population density is approximately 8,000,000,000 ÷ 510,000,000 = 16/km (41/sq mi). However, if only the Earth's land area of 150,000,000 km (58,000,000 sq mi)

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4032-408: The piebald markings of various domesticated animals. There are other examples of South African heraldry that are more elaborately blazoned. A field tapissé of wheat is entirely covered (literally 'carpeted') by an interlocking stylised pattern looking like a wheat field. In English heraldry, diapering , or covering areas of flat colour with a tracery design, is not considered a variation of

4128-510: The whaling "capital" of Norway or as the undisputed summer city of Norway . Sandefjord is also known as the "whaling capital of the world." It has also been dubbed the "Bathing City" (Badebyen), due to its many beaches and former resort spas. It is still considered a resort town, due to high numbers of visitors during summer months. Sandefjord has become a transportation hub, home of Torp Airport , one of Norway's largest airports. Daily ferry connections to Sweden are provided by Color Line from

4224-514: The 0.1-square-kilometre (25-acre) Ormestadholmen, the 0.08-square-kilometre (20-acre) Grindholmen, and the 12-acre (0.049 km) Granholmen . Despite its location in between Flautangen and Lindholmen (both part of Færder Municipality ) in the Tønsbergfjorden , the archipelago of Stauper belongs to Sandefjord. It consists of ten large islands and a number of smaller skerries and islets. There were two natural lakes in Sandefjord prior to

4320-757: The 2017 merger: Goksjø , which is the third-largest in Vestfold County, and the smaller 2,000-square-metre (22,000 sq ft) lake Napperødtjern. Napperødtjern lies a few hundred meters north of Goksjø and is a nature preserve surrounded by swamp forests and wetland. Artificial ponds include Bugårdsdammen , Brydedammen , Virikdammen, Kroksjø, Veradammen, Svarttjern, and others. Local wildlife such as moose, deer, and avifauna can often be observed near freshwater lakes and rivers. Sandefjord has four fjords: Sandefjordsfjord , Lahellefjord , Mefjord , and Tønsbergfjord , which it shares with neighboring Tønsberg and Færder municipalities. The highest point in

4416-437: The 8-square-kilometre (3.1 sq mi) Østerøya , the 1-square-kilometre (0.39 sq mi) Engø , Marøy, and Årø. The island of Langøya (Langø) is the largest island at 0.55 square kilometres (140 acres), while other islands include the 0.4-square-kilometre (99-acre) Ravnø, the 0.25-square-kilometre (62-acre) Skogøy/Storøya, the 0.2-square-kilometre (49-acre) Natholmen , the 0.13-square-kilometre (32-acre) Storholmen,

4512-530: The 85th Air Division (Defense) of the United States Air Force show a checky grid on part of the field, though this is to be distinguished from chequy . The number of chequers is generally indeterminate, though the fess in the arms of Robert Stewart, Lord of Lorn, they are blazoned as being "of four tracts" (in four horizontal rows); and in arms of Toledo , fifteen chequers are specified. The number of vertical rows can also be specified. When

4608-645: The Gokstad ship, called Gaia , currently has Sandefjord as home port. Other known replicas include the Munin , (a half scale replica) located in Vancouver, Canada. The Gokstad Ship, Norway's largest preserved Viking ship, was discovered during an excavation at Gokstad Mound in 1880. The Vikings first settled here due to its speedy route from Sandefjord and along the coast. Viking settlements and grave sites have been discovered in Sandefjord. Sandefjord functioned as

4704-475: The South Sandwich Islands . South Georgia Island lies a few thousand kilometers east of Cape Horn . Nils Larsen (1900–1976) was a sea captain from Sandefjord, famous for his expeditions of Antarctica in the early 20th century. It was under his expeditions that Norway achieved annexation of Bouvet Island in 1927 and Peter I Island two years after. A cove on Antarctica's Peter I Island

4800-481: The United States Air Force is lozengy in perspective . A field fusilly can be very difficult to distinguish from a field lozengy; the fusil is supposed to be proportionately narrower than the lozenge, and the bendwise and bendwise-sinister lines are therefore more steeply sloped. A field masculy is composed entirely of mascles ; that is, lozenges pierced with a lozenge shape – this creates

4896-471: The arms of Prospect as an unusual example of chequy, Chequy in perspective argent and sable ; which must be distinguished from cubes as a charge. Chequy is not "fanciable"; that is, the lines of chequy cannot be modified by lines of partition . When the shield is divided by both bendwise and bendwise-sinister lines, creating a field of lozenges coloured like a chessboard, the result is lozengy . A field lozengy must be distinguished from an ordinary such as

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4992-618: The bath from 1837 to 1939. A majority of spa visitors were from Norway, but international guests from Germany, Britain , and the United States also visited the spas of Sandefjord. Today the bath's building, Kurbadet , has been restored and hosts cultural events and various annual activities. Sandefjord has experienced numerous town fires, including a town fire in 1800 which led to most of the town burning down and subsequently having to be rebuilt. An additional fire in 1900 destroyed 56 houses and caused major damage. Sandefjord's ships and

5088-432: The bend sinister); of chevronels, chevronny . An unusual example of bendy is one in which a metal alternates with two colours. In modern practice the number of pieces is nearly always even. A shield of thirteen vertical stripes, alternating argent and gules, would not be paly of thirteen, argent and gules , but argent, six pallets gules . One unusual design is described in part as bendy of three though, as each third

5184-668: The city harbor. European Route E18 , one of Norway's main north–south highways, traverses the municipality. Sandefjord is a stronghold for the Conservative Party ; the Conservative coalition received over 70 percent of votes cast in 2011. Current mayor is Bjørn Ole Gleditsch from the Conservative Party, who has been mayor since 2004. The ladested of Sandefjord was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). In 1845,

5280-684: The coast of Africa, in Portugal , Mexico , Western Australia , among other places. Towards the beginning of World War I , Norwegian whaling spread throughout the world, most and foremost from Sandefjord. Expeditions from Sandefjord went as far as Norwegian Bay in Australia, Stewart Island in New Zealand, Walvis Bay in Namibia, Corral, Chile , and also isolated places such as Kerguelen Islands , South Georgia Island , Bouvet Island , and

5376-547: The definition of "urban area" used: densities are almost invariably higher for the center only than when suburban settlements and intervening rural areas are included, as in the agglomeration or metropolitan area (the latter sometimes including neighboring cities). In comparison, based on a world population of 8 billion, the world's inhabitants, if conceptualized as a loose crowd occupying just under 1 m (10 sq ft) per person (cf. Jacobs Method ), would occupy an area of 8,000 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi)

5472-454: The edge of the field, though in olden depictions this is often not the case. An example of this can be found in the modern Coat of arms of Denmark , which now features three lions among nine hearts, but the ancient arms depicted three leopards on a semy of hearts, the number of which varied and was not fixed at nine until 1819. There are also some exceptions to this, as in the case of some bordures blazoned semé , which are usually depicted with

5568-415: The factory Nordmannen . The fire caused the loss of 51 buildings for a total value of 1.5 million  kr in addition to 1 million  kr in loss of store items. Sandefjord Church (built in 1872) also burnt down during the town fire of 1900. A new town fire on 27–28 March 1915 led to the death of two people and destroyed seven farms. Large parts of the street Storgata were also destroyed. Sandefjord

5664-470: The fall of 1941, German occupation forces replaced Sandefjord's city manager Finn Sandberg with NS -member Frithjof Holtedahl who was soon appointed mayor. The neighboring Sandar Municipality received its NS mayor in November 1941, Ole Kristian Holtan. Olaf Bøe from Nasjonal Samling was appointed editor for Sandefjords Presse by Anders Beggerud in 1944. Following World War II, Norway became one of

5760-551: The fess should be blazoned as per pale, in dexter per pale sable and argent, and in sinister per pale bleu celeste and or . In the modern arms of the Count of Schwarzburg , the quarters are divided by a cross bendy of three tinctures. When the shield is divided by lines both palewise and bendwise, with the pieces coloured alternately like a chess board, this is paly-bendy ; if the diagonal lines are reversed, paly-bendy sinister . If horizontal rather than vertical lines are used, it

5856-414: The field is patterned with an even number of horizontal (fesswise) stripes, this is described as barry e.g. of six or eight, usually of a colour and metal specified, e.g. barry of six argent and gules (this implies that the chiefmost piece is argent). With ten or more pieces, the field is described as barruly . A field with narrow piles throughout, issuing from either the dexter or sinister side of

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5952-563: The field, since they are depicted as being on the field rather than in it. Variations of the field present a particular problem concerning consistent spelling of adjectival endings in English blazons . Heraldry developed at a time when, subsequent to the Norman Conquest , English clerks wrote in Anglo-Norman French ; consequently, many terms in English heraldry, as a distinct style of the craft, are of French origin, as

6048-406: The field; it is not specified in blazon, being a decision of the individual artist. A coat depicted with diapering is considered the same as a coat drawn from the same blazon but depicted without diapering. In French heraldry, diapering is sometimes explicitly blazoned. A field fretty is composed of bendlets and bendlets-sinister or scarps , interleaved over one another to give the impression of

6144-636: The form of a wedge , shown individually in the well-known arms of Mortimer . Possibly the best-known example is in the arms of the Scottish family of Campbell: Gyronny of eight or and sable , borne most notably by the Duke of Argyll , Chief of the Clan Campbell . The first tincture in the blazon is that of the triangle in dexter chief. Gyronny can also have a different number of pieces than eight; for example, Sir William Stokker, Lord Mayor of London, had

6240-481: The founding members of NATO and several air bases were constructed in Norway using NATO funds. One of these was Sandefjord Airport Torp , which was to be used by the United States Air Force in case of war. Construction began in 1953 and was completed in July 1956. The municipalities of Sandefjord (S), Andebu (A) and Stokke (S) merged on 1 January 2017. The merge was the first of numerous nationwide merges following

6336-468: The head of the fjord. The first element of the name comes from the old Sande farm ( Old Norse : Sandar ). The old farm name is the plural form of sandr which means " sand " or " sandbanks ". The last element comes from the word fjǫrðr which means " fjord ". Sandefjord has had two coats of arms over the course of its history. The original coat of arms was granted on 9 May 1914 and they were in use until 1 January 2017. The official blazon

6432-401: The ladested of Sandefjord was made a kjøpstad (giving it market town rights). On 1 January 1889, a part of the neighboring municipality of Sandeherred (population: 318) was transferred into Sandefjord. In 1931, an area of the neighboring municipality of Sandar (population: 66) was transferred into Sandefjord. In 1950, another area of the neighboring municipality of Sandar (population: 226)

6528-722: The largest population growth of any Norwegian town, and over twice the growth of other towns in Vestfold County. From 1875 to 1900, the disposable income of people from Sandefjord increased by over 200 percent. Total assets in local banks also increased, and in 1895–1900, total assets went from NOK 0.6 to 1.9 million in Aktiekreditbanken and from NOK 1.1 million to 1.3 million in Sandefjords Sparebank. Even after whaling lost its importance, Sandefjord remained Norway's richest city, and from 1913 to 1917,

6624-504: The late 1800s. It gained its reputation as a health and pleasure community when Sandefjord sulfur spa and resort ( Sandefjord Kurbad ) was established in 1837. It was the first spa in town and functioned as a medical institution focusing on the treatment of symptoms for rheumatic diseases. The original bathhouse has been restored and is now a culture house by the city center. It was one of Europe's most visited baths until its closure in 1939. Around 50,000 people, mostly Norwegians, visited

6720-469: The leadership of Erik von Drydalski. After handing their directives to Sandefjord police chief Kjartan Bruun Hansen, the men left for Hotel Atlantic, where they established their headquarters in Sandefjord. German troops in Sandefjord soon rose to 200. At the beginning of the German occupation of Norway , a German Hafenkapitän ( harbormaster ) was placed at Tollboden, and a representative for Admiral Norwegen

6816-412: The lines of partition, with exceptions such as dancetty and angled . The canting arms of Maugiron show gyronny of six , clearly deemed mal-gironné ('badly gyronny'). Any of the division lines composing the variations of the field above may be blazoned with most of the different line shapes; e.g. paly nebuly of six, or and sable . One very common use of this is barry wavy azure and argent ; this

6912-571: The local company La Colonia de Floreana A/S was established on 21 March 1925. Its main goal was to exploit the Norwegian fishing rights at the Galápagos Islands. A ship named Floreana departed from Sandefjord on 15 May 1925, equipped with enough men and goods to establish a colony. On 16 November 1904, Carl Anton Larsen of Sandefjord established the whaling community of Grytviken , the largest settlement in South Georgia and

7008-420: The manufacture and equipment of whaling vessels, floating factories, and whale-catchers. Sandefjord has also been named the "whaling capital of the world." There were 25 whaling companies that were established in Sandefjord between 1905 and 1914. During the 1911–1912 season, Sandefjord had 27 whaling companies with a total of 115 vessels. This made up over 30 percent of the world's whaling firms. Starting in 1850,

7104-410: The marksmanship of a Cornish young man, Thomas Hockin, caused a boatload of French coastal raiders to scatter and flee back to their ship. The 1995–2002 arms of Rogaška Slatina, Slovenia, show Vert, semee of disks or decreasing in size from base to chief . The heraldic furs of the ermine family appear to be semé of the "ermine spots", but they are not counted as such except when the tinctures of

7200-624: The median income increased by over 350 percent. Sandefjord is a coastal municipality on the western shore of the Oslo Fjord . It can be described as a suburb of Oslo , situated 110 kilometres (68 mi) southwest of the capital. Sandefjord is the largest municipality in Vestfold county. Its coastline has various beaches and sheltered coves, and several forests are scattered across the municipality. The two peninsulas called Østerøya ("East Island") and Vesterøya ("West Island") contribute to

7296-581: The memories of this important period of Sandefjord's history are kept alive at the Whaling Museum ( Hvalfangstmuseet ). This museum is the only museum in Europe specializing in whales and the history of whaling. The history of the whalers can also be explored at the Museum's Wharf with a visit aboard the whale-catcher Southern Actor . Whaling is considered to be the industry which made Sandefjord

7392-459: The mid-1950s whaling was gradually reduced. The number of southbound expeditions rapidly decreased during the 1960s, and the 1967–1968 season became the last for Sandefjord. In 1971, Sandefjord's last whale processing vessel was sold to Japan . The shipping industry was gradually readjusted from whaling to other ship types during this period. The local Framnæs Mekaniske Værksted and Jotun Group Private Ltd. had major roles in this business. Today,

7488-761: The most important remains from the Viking Age was found at the grave site Gokstadhaugen (Gokstad Mound) in Sandefjord. The Gokstad ship was excavated by Nicolay Nicolaysen and is now in the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo . The Viking , an exact replica of the Gokstad ship, crossed the Atlantic Ocean from Bergen to be exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. A replica of

7584-537: The municipality is Brånafjell at 398.9 metres (1,309 ft), which lies northwest of the village of Høyjord . Hjertås at 148 metres (486 ft) above sea level is the highest point within the city of Sandefjord . From the peak are surrounding views of the Oslofjord , Vealøs by Skien , Skrim and Torp . The climate of the entirety of Norway is extremely affected by the Gulf Stream . Were it not for

7680-491: The nearby international airport. About 78 percent of Stokke residents ultimately voted to merge into Sandefjord during the September 2015 elections. The municipality experienced a 98.6 percent population growth from 1875 to 1900. Even not including the boundary adjustments between the municipalities of Sandar and Sandefjord in 1888, this population increase was substantially higher than most Norwegian cities. Sandar experienced

7776-575: The position of the bendlets and bendlets sinister and described as fretty of , as in the arms of the Muine Bheag Town Commissioners: Party per fess or fretty of blackthorn branches leaved proper and ermine, a fess wavy azure . Square fretty is similarly composed of barrulets and pallets. Trellisé appears in the arms of Luc-Normand Tellier, where it consists of bendlets, bendlets sinister, and barrulets interlaced. These are not, strictly speaking, variations of

7872-438: The previous 10-year period. Sandefjord is known for its rich Viking history and the prosperous whaling industry, which made Sandefjord the richest city in Norway. Today, it has built up the third-largest merchant fleet in Norway. Sandefjord Museum is the only museum in Europe dedicated to whaling, and is home to Gokstad Mound where the 9th-century Gokstad Ship was discovered. Sandefjord has numerous nicknames, including

7968-485: The question "Do you think Stokke, Andebu, and Sandefjord should establish one single municipality?". About 69% of Sandefjord residents answered "yes", while 64% (Andebu) and 61% (Stokke) answered "yes" in Stokke and Andebu. Few Stokke residents read Sandefjords Blad , the main newspaper of Sandefjord, and relatively few residents commute to the city of Sandefjord for work. Despite this, Stokke residents voted to merge with Sandefjord due to two key features: its wealth and

8064-407: The richest city in Norway. Sandefjord also has shipping traditions of tall sailing ships and steam ships. The full-rigged sailing ship Christian Radich , three-masted barquentine Endurance , whale catcher Jason and Viking ship replica Viking were some of the many ships built by Framnæs Mekaniske Værksted . Hans Albert Grøn of Sandefjord established the first whaling station in

8160-669: The same design as the coat of arms. Sandefjord has been inhabited for thousands of years. Excavations indicate that people have inhabited Sandefjord for around 3,000 years. Rock carvings at Haugen farm by Istrehågan in Jåberg are dated to 1,500–500 BCE. Haugen farm is home to Vestfold county's largest petroglyph site. In 1961–1962, 78 rock carvings were discovered at the site. They consist of ships, spiral figures, circular hollows, and much more. The Vikings lived in Sandefjord and surrounding areas about 1,000 years ago, and numerous Viking artifacts and monuments can be found in Sandefjord. One of

8256-568: The science for policy support to the European Commission Directorate Generals and Services and as support to the United Nations system. Several of the most densely populated territories in the world are city-states , microstates and urban dependencies . In fact, 95% of the world's population is concentrated on just 10% of the world's land. These territories have a relatively small area and

8352-468: The shield, is barry pily . When the field is patterned with an even number of vertical stripes (pallets), the field is described as paly . When the field is patterned with a series of diagonal stripes (bendlets), running from top-left to bottom-right, the field is described as bendy . In the opposite fashion (top-right to bottom-left) it is bendy sinister (of skarpes , the diminutive in England of

8448-434: The shipping industry remained untouched from the major fire of March 1900. The fire, which started on the night before 16 March 1900, led to the entire city center burning down, including important business offices. Both newspapers in town, Sandefjords Blad and Vestfold , saw their offices burnt down. Six jewelry stores, three watchmakers, eight grocery stores, and a variety of other shops were destroyed. The fire started in

8544-490: The spots and the field cannot be described as one of the four furs ermine , ermines , erminois , or pean . A field or ordinary masoned shows a pattern like that of a brick or ashlar stone wall. This can be proper or of a named tincture. The tincture relates to the mortar between the stones or bricks: a wall of red bricks with white mortar is thus blazoned gules masoned argent . The town of Viļāni , Latvia , has part of its field honeycombed. Another example of this

8640-564: The summer months. Warm breezes from the Skagerrak cause a mild climate, and Sandefjord experiences the highest annual number of cloud-free days in Norway. The climate is relatively mild for its latitude. Fields become green in early May, but the air remains slightly cold. The summer seldom begins before the end of May, when temperatures often rapidly increase. The whole month of June and most of July experience little darkness during night and songbirds are silent for only 2–3 hours at most. July

8736-427: The top. The Viking ship symbolizes the famous Gokstad ship , which was found in Sandefjord in 1880, one of the best preserved Viking ships known. The whale symbolizes that in the late 19th and early 20th century, Sandefjord was a main home port for whalers operating in the southern oceans. The arms were designed by Andreas Bloch . The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms. The current coat of arms

8832-585: The warming effects of the Gulf Stream, coastal cities along the Oslo Fjord would be up to 4 °C (39 °F) colder. This means that the climate, the summers especially, are warmer than in other regions at the same latitude, i.e. the State of Alaska or Siberia . Sandefjord has a higher latitude than Juneau, Alaska ; Sandefjord is at 59°08′N, while the capital of Alaska is at 58°18′N. Sandefjord experiences more sun than any other Norwegian municipality during

8928-444: The word main is feminine in French, savours somewhat of pedantry. A person may be a good armorist, and a tolerable French scholar, and still be uncertain whether an Escallop-shell, covered with bezants , should be blazoned as bezanté or bezantée . Cussans adopted the convention of spelling all French adjectives in the masculine singular, without regard to the gender and number of the nouns they qualify; however, as he admitted,

9024-426: Was approved for use starting on 1 January 2017, after the merger of Andebu , Stokke , and Sandefjord. The official blazon is " Or , a whaler with raised harpoon on a boat issuant from the base sable " ( Norwegian : I gull i en oppvoksende båt en hvalfanger med hevet harpun, alt i svart ). This means the arms have a field (background) has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it

9120-453: Was placed in an office building at Framnes verft . German soldiers could be seen marching throughout the city. At the beginning of the occupation, over 2,000 German officers visited Socitetsbygningen (today's Park Hotel ), which belonged to Sandefjord Spa . The Nazi flag was waving over the building during the visit. Norwegian students were told to learn the German language, and handed out

9216-515: Was transferred into Sandefjord. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee . On 1 January 1968 the municipality of Sandefjord (population: 6,242) was merged with the surrounding municipality of Sandar (population: 24,898), creating a much larger municipality of Sandefjord. On 1 January 2017, the rural municipalities of Andebu and Stokke were merged into Sandefjord as part of

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