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79-566: Vestfold is located west of the Oslofjord , as the name indicates. It includes many smaller, but well-known towns in Norway, such as Holmestrand , Horten , Åsgårdstrand , Tønsberg , Sandefjord , Larvik and Stavern ; these towns run from Oslo in an almost constant belt of urban areas along the coast, ending in Grenland in neighbouring county Telemark. The river Numedalslågen runs through

158-455: A burial site. Mølen , which is Norway's largest stone beach, is home to 230 cairns, which have been built over ages. Some cairns have been dated to 250 A.D. The isthmus of Mølen is home to stone piles, grave mounds, and stone settings, which are all part of a protected historic site. The last Ice Age pushed large amounts of gravel and stones ahead of it, and deposited it as a moraine through all of Vestfold, known as Vestfoldraet . Raet meets

237-545: A continuation of the Østfold moraine at Moss, is an ice-formed formation which stretches as a cohesive gravel ridge through the county, from Horten in the east to Mølen in the south. Færder National Park was the county's first national park when the decision was formalized by King Harald V on 23 August 2013. The visitor center is at World's End , and was officially opened by Queen Sonja on 26 June 2015. The national park lies in Nøtterøy - and Tjøme municipalities, and

316-790: A degree that [authorities decided] permitted examinations. "Perhaps the most spectacular [item] was a høvre " - used with a horse's harness. "There are few of those in Norway - one in Trøndelag and a gilded one found in Borre ". The artifacts are on display at the Midgard Historical Centre in Borre. 19th century archeologists were struck by the many burial mounds and artifacts discovered at Fevang near Torp Airport in Sandefjord . Local farmers had discovered various artifacts in

395-752: A foundation of the Hanseatic League that would emerge by the 12th century. Hedeby played an important role in the international Viking slave trade between Europe and the Muslim world. People taken captive during the Viking raids in Western Europe, such as Ireland, could be sold to Moorish Spain via the Dublin slave trade or transported to Hedeby or Brännö in Scandinavia and from there via

474-497: A gaming board, fish-hooks, 64 shields, six beds, three smaller boats and kitchen utensils. Twelve horses, eight dogs, two goshawks and two peacocks were also discovered in the grave. Interpretive signs have been put up at the mound and Gaia , an exact replica of the Gokstad Ship, can be seen on Museum's Wharf at Sandefjord Harbor. The Old Norse word Mol translates to cairns , a site often used by ancient peoples to mark

553-452: A grid, with the east–west streets leading down to jetties in the harbour. People rarely lived beyond 30 or 40, and archaeological research shows that their later years were often painful due to crippling diseases such as tuberculosis. Al-Tartushi , a late 10th-century traveller from al-Andalus , provides one of the most colourful and often quoted descriptions of life in Hedeby. Al-Tartushi

632-622: A large reduction in number of municipalities. As of 1949, the county was home to 19 rural municipalities and 7 city municipalities. There were 14 municipalities as of 2016, but the number decreased to 6 as of 2024. Vestfold has the least amount of municipalities of any county in Norway. Results from parliamentary elections in Vestfold County since 1973: Bold letters represent the alliances (Leftwing Ap + SV . Centre KrF + V + Sp . Rightwing H + Frp ). M = Number of elected parliamentarians. According to Statistics Norway , Vestfold County

711-433: A nationwide municipal reform. The new county name was Vestfold og Telemark . Vestfold county was re-established on 1 January 2024, following a vote of the county council of Vestfold og Telemark on 15 February 2022 to split the newly established county into its respective counties that existed before the merger took place; Telemark and Vestfold. Vestfold is the old name of the region which was revived in modern times. Fold

790-658: A principal marketplace because of its geographical location on the major trade routes between the Frankish Empire and Scandinavia (north-south), and between the Baltic and the North Sea (east-west). Between 800 and 1000 the growing economic power of the Vikings led to its dramatic expansion as a major trading centre. Along with Birka and Schleswig , Hedeby's prominence as a major international trading hub served as

869-409: Is Norway's oldest city, most likely founded in year 871. Tønsberg is home to Tønsberg Fortress , which is Scandinavia's largest ruin site. It includes ruins from Castrum Tunsbergis , Norway's largest castle in the 13th century. An outdoor music festival is held at Tønsberg Fortress every July. Ruins of a German fortress can be seen at Folehavna Fort on West Island , Sandefjord. The Vestfold Line

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948-636: Is a railway line that runs from Drammen , through a number of towns in Vestfold and ending in the town of Skien in Telemark . European route E18 runs through the county roughly parallel to the railway. There are two international ferry connections, both operated by Color Line . Larvik is connected to the Danish town Hirtshals , the other route is between Sandefjord and Strømstad in Sweden. Fjord Line

1027-468: Is also a ferry operator between Sandefjord and Strømstad. In addition there is a domestic route connecting Horten and Moss . Sandefjord Airport Torp is one of Norway's largest airports. Only Bergen - and Oslo Airports have more international flights than Torp Airport. Despite being located 74 miles south of Oslo, Torp is sometimes called Oslo Airport Torp . It is reached with a free shuttle bus from Sandefjord Airport Station on Vestfoldbanen . Torp

1106-494: Is an important industry in Vestfold, particularly in coastal communities such as Sandefjord , Tjøme and Stavern . Coastal cities also have large numbers of vacation homes. There were 534,724 hotel stays in 2015, where the purpose was vacationing for 236,895. Most international tourists were from the United Kingdom , Sweden , and Denmark . There were 781,459 stays at rental cabins or campgrounds in 2015. Consequentially,

1185-618: Is an inlet in southeastern Norway . The 120-kilometre (75 mi) fjord begins at the small village of Bonn in Frogn Municipality and stretching northwards to the city of Oslo , and then curving to the east and then south again. It then flows south to an imaginary line running between the Torbjørnskjær Lighthouse and Færder Lighthouse where it becomes part of the Skagerrak strait. The Skagerrak connects

1264-470: Is believed to be the first town in Norway, although Tønsberg (which dates from ca. 900) is the oldest town in Norway still in existence. At Borre , there was a site for another chieftain. That site held chieftains for more than one hundred years prior to 813. The stone mounds at Mølen have been dated to the Viking Age . The mounds at Haugar in present-day Tønsberg 's town centre have been dated to

1343-508: Is carried on in the interior. The area also includes some of the best farmland in Norway. Vestfold was until 2019 the only county in which all municipalities had declared Bokmål to be their sole official written form of the Norwegian language . From its re-establishment in 2024, Vestfold is the only county in Norway to have Bokmål as the official written form. Vestfold merged with neighboring Telemark County on 1 January 2020 as part of

1422-535: Is first mentioned in the Frankish chronicles of Einhard (804), who was in the service of Charlemagne , as a place Charlemagne stayed in the summer of 804, at the end of the Saxon Wars . In 808 the Danish king Godfred (Lat. Godofredus) destroyed a competing Slav trade centre named Reric , and it is recorded in the Frankish chronicles that he resettled the merchants from there to Hedeby. This may have provided

1501-457: Is home to Northern Europe's largest burial mound site from Viking Age. Vestfold is home to 21 churches dating to medieval times. It is also home to one stave church, Høyjord Stave Church in Andebu (Sandefjord). Nearby Andebu Church also has Norway's oldest parish register, dating to 1623. The city of Sandefjord proper is home to Europe's only museum dedicated to whaling, Sandefjord Museum in

1580-557: Is known as Bunnefjorden . From 1624 until 1925 the name of the fjord was Christianiafjorden (or Kristianiafjorden ), since Christiania was the name of the capital during this period (the Ch was changed to a K in 1877). Before that time, the Old Norse name of the fjord was Fold . The old name Fold led to the names of the counties of Vestfold ('the district west of Fold') and Østfold ('the district east of Fold') as well as

1659-549: Is made up of 325 square kilometres (125 sq mi) of ocean and 15 square kilometres (5.8 sq mi) of land. It stretches from Ormøy in the north to Færder Lighthouse in the south. It is one of two marine national parks in Norway, and is made up of coast, skerries, islands and sea bed. Mølen in Larvik is home to Norway's largest stone beach and is an ancient burial site consisting of 230 cairns, some exceeding 35 metres (115 ft) in diameter. Excavations have dated

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1738-518: Is named after the county. Vestfold is mentioned for the first time in a written source in 813, when Danish kings were in Vestfold to quell an uprising amongst the Fürsts . There may have been as many as six political centers in Vestfold. At that time Kaupang, which was located in Tjølling near Larvik, had been functioning for decades and had a chieftain. Kaupang , which dates from the Viking Age ,

1817-554: Is now home to Southern Actor , the only whale-catcher from the Modern Whaling Epoch still to be in its original order. The museum ship is owned by Sandefjord Whaling Museum , Europe's only museum dedicated to whaling. Sandefjord has been named the centre of the Modern Whaling Epoch , and has been nicknamed "the whaling capital of the world." Vestfold is Norway's smallest county, with the exception of

1896-424: Is over four times larger than Vestfold County. Finnmark county is 22 times larger than Vestfold county. The county's soft soil is composed of varieties of moraine and sedimentary soils. The Ice Age left large parts of Vestfold below sea level, and the most cultivated soil can be found on the marine terraces. Marine clay and sand cover most of the lower lying country in the south-west and north. The Vestfold moraine,

1975-611: Is recorded in numerous spelling variants. Sources from the 9th and 10th century AD also attest to the names Sliesthorp and Sliaswich (cf. -thorp vs. -wich ), and the town of Schleswig still exists 3 km north of Hedeby. However, Æthelweard claimed in his Latin translation of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle that the Saxons used Slesuuic and the Danes Haithaby to refer to the same town. Hedeby

2054-493: Is regional hub for low-cost carrier Norwegian , as well as low-cost carriers Ryanair and WizzAir also operate from the airport. Torp offers direct routes to over 30 international and domestic destinations, including daily flights to European cities such as London and Amsterdam . Istrehågan is an ancient burial ground which dates to the Roman Iron Age around 1500-500 BCE. It is located at Jåberg in Tjølling , on

2133-828: Is the county in Norway with the most traces from the Viking Age . Examples include the Oseberg- and Gokstad Burial Mounds . While the Oseberg Ship was discovered in Tønsberg , the Gokstad Ship was discovered in Sandefjord . The Gokstad Ship is Norway's largest preserved Viking ship. Both ships are now located at the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo. Additional burial mounds are found at Borre mound cemetery and Mølen , an UNESCO Global Geopark . Borre mound cemetery

2212-744: Is the largest burial mound site in Northern Europe . Borre mound cemetery most likely contains graves belonging to kings of the Yngling dynasty. It is mentioned in the poem Ynglingatal as the burial site of one of two kings belonging to the royal dynasty of the Ynglingas. Kaupang in Skiringssal ( Larvik ) is home to remains from the oldest Nordic town yet discovered. It was a trade centre established around year 800, making it one of Scandinavia 's earliest urban sites. The settlement

2291-693: Is the tallest peak in the county. It is also home to 1,407 islands. Nøtterøy (60 square kilometres (23 sq mi)) is the largest island in Vestfold, while Tjøme (39 square kilometres (15 sq mi)) is the second-largest island. There is a total of 634 freshwater lakes in Vestfold, with a total area of 79 square kilometers. Large lakes include Farris , Eikeren , Goksjø , Hallevannet , Akersvannet , and others. Vestfold makes up 0.7 percent of Norway's total land area. Ten Norwegian municipalities are larger in size than Vestfold County. As an example, Kautokeino Municipality in Finnmark County

2370-463: The Oseberg Ship was discovered. The ship, which dates to 834 A.D., had a length of 22 metres (72 ft). Two female skeletons were found in the ship's burial chamber. Gulli, outside Tønsberg , was the site of an archaeological excavation during the period from 2003 to 2004, prior to asphalt being laid for constructing the new E18 (road). There were 60 graves - 20 of those were preserved to

2449-546: The Gokstad ship . In historical times, this bay was known by the current name of the region, Viken ( ' the bay ' ). Oslofjord has been an important body of water strategically due to its proximity to the capital city of Oslo. During World War II , there were German installations at several points on its coastline. One installation in Hovedøya held 1,100 Wehrmacht soldiers and later women deemed Nazi collaborators at

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2528-708: The Hebrides . The largest settlement in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands , Grytviken , was established by Carl Anton Larsen of Sandefjord on 16 November 1904. Sandefjordian Nils Larsen 's expeditions to Antarctica in the early 20th century led to the Norwegian annexation of Bouvet Island (1927) and Peter I Island (1929). A cove on Peter I Island is named Sandefjord Cove in honor of Nils Larsen's hometown. Sandefjord Harbor

2607-606: The Middle Ages , sits at Yxnøy on Sandefjord's East Island . West Island is home to Folehavna Fort and additional trails. Combined, the trails on Sandefjord's East- and West Islands are 45 km (28 mi.), and a part of the international North Sea Trail . Bøkeskogen in Larvik is home to various trails, varying from 2.6 km (1.6 mi.) to 10 km (6.2 mi.) in length. Oslofjord The Oslofjord ( Norwegian : Oslofjorden , Urban East Norwegian: [ˈʊ̂ʂlʊˌfjuːɳ] ; English: Oslo Fjord )

2686-881: The National Internment Camp for Women in Hovedøya . Norwegian painter Edvard Munch had a cottage and studio in Åsgårdstrand on the fjord and the Oslofjord appears in several of his paintings, including The Scream and Girls on the Pier . The fjord was the scene of a key event in the German invasion of Norway in April 1940, the Battle of Drøbak Sound . The invasion plan envisaged landing of 1,000 troops transported by ship to Oslo. Colonel Eriksen , Commander of

2765-466: The Netherlands was four times higher than that of Vestfold County in 1998. Sandefjord was the most populous city of Vestfold County; one in four people from Vestfold were from Sandefjord, or 25.2 percent of the county population. Traditional industries in Vestfold have included whaling and ship building . For over 50 years in the 19th century, Sandefjord and partially Tønsberg functioned as

2844-572: The North Sea and the Kattegat sea area, which leads to the Baltic Sea . The Oslofjord is not a fjord in the geological sense, but in the Norwegian language , the term fjord can refer to a wide range of waterways including inlets such as this one. The bay is divided into the inner ( indre ) and outer ( ytre ) Oslofjord, separated by the 17 km (11 mi) long by 1 km (0.62 mi) wide Drøbak Sound . The innermost part

2923-626: The Oscarsborg fortress near Drøbak, mainly maintained for historical purposes, sank the German heavy cruiser Blücher in the Drøbak narrows. The fortress's resistance blocked the route to Oslo, thus delaying the rest of the invading group long enough for the Norwegian royal family, government, parliament, and national treasury to evacuate. Thus Norway never surrendered to the Germans, leaving

3002-467: The Quisling government illegitimate and permitting Norway to participate as an ally in the war , rather than as a conquered nation. The entire population situated around the Oslofjord including Oslo is about 1.96 million, and the total population of all the counties situated around the fjord is approximately 2.2 million. More than 40% of Norway's population resides under 45 minutes of driving from

3081-765: The Samanid slave market in Central Asia and finally via Iran to the Abbasid Caliphate . The following indicates the importance achieved by the town: A Swedish dynasty founded by Olof the Brash is said to have ruled Hedeby during the last decades of the 9th century and the first part of the 10th century. This was told to Adam of Bremen by the Danish king Sweyn Estridsson , and it is supported by three runestones found in Denmark. Two of them were raised by

3160-578: The Volga trade route to Russia, where slaves and furs were sold to Muslim merchants in exchange for Arab silver dirham and silk, which have been found in Birka , Wollin and Dublin ; initially this trade route between Europe and the Abbasid Caliphate passed via the Khazar Kaghanate , but from the early 10th-century onward it went via Volga Bulgaria and from there by caravan to Khwarazm , to

3239-402: The 19th- and early 20th centuries. Archeologist Nicolay Nicolaysen traveled to Fevang and concluded that Fevang was home to an array of ancient burial mounds . Nicolaysen further discovered that Fevang had been an active graveyard for over 1,000 years - since year 0 A.D. until the first Christian cemeteries were established. Among the artifacts discovered were a gold jewel named Berlokk , which

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3318-626: The Baltic and the North Sea and avoid a dangerous and time-consuming circumnavigation of Jutland, providing Hedeby with a role similar to later Lübeck . Hedeby was the second largest Nordic town during the Viking Age, after Uppåkra in present-day southern Sweden. The city of Schleswig was later founded on the other side of the Schlei. Hedeby was abandoned after its destruction in 1066. Hedeby

3397-452: The Black , the father of Harald Fairhair , Norway's first king. However, recent discoveries have increased uncertainty and it therefore remains unknown what chieftain was buried at Gokstad . The ship, which is the largest found in Norway, is currently located at the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo. The 23.8 metres (78 ft) ship was buried along with numerous gifts, including weapons, jewels,

3476-611: The Oslofjord. The Oslofjord has Norway's busiest traffic of ferries and cargo boats. Although the Oslofjord contains hundreds of populated islands, most of the population of the fjord resides on the mainland. In the summer there are boats of all sizes on the fjord, and it is possible to go kayaking, canoeing, fishing, and sailing. The Oslofjord is one of the nine venues of the Class 1 World Powerboat Championship . Hedeby Hedeby ( Danish pronunciation: [ˈhe̝ːðəˌpyˀ] , Old Norse : Heiðabýr , German : Haithabu )

3555-550: The Viking period. At Farmannshaugen in Sem there seems to have been activity at the time, while activity at Oseberghaugen and Gokstadhaugen dates from a few decades later. An English source from around 890 retells the voyage of Ottar ( Ottar fra Hålogaland ) "from the farthest North, along Norvegr via Kaupang and Hedeby to England", where Ottar places Kaupang in the land of the Dane - danenes land . Bjørn Brandlien says that "To

3634-533: The border between Sandefjord and Larvik . The rock settings at Istrehågan resemble a ship. It is 24 metres (79 ft) long, and 9 metres (30 ft) meters broad. Archaeological excavations made in 1959-61 uncovered remains of bones, bear claws, pottery shards, a brooch, and more. At Haugen farm on the Sandefjord side is Vestfold County's largest collection of petroglyphs . At Borrehaugene near Borrre there are 9 large mounds and around 30 smaller ones. It

3713-455: The bottom of the Schlei during recent excavations. A Norwegian skald , quoted by Snorri Sturluson , describes the sack as follows: In 1066 the town was sacked and burned by West Slavs . Following the destruction, Hedeby was slowly abandoned. People moved across the Schlei inlet , which separates the two peninsulas of Angeln and Schwansen , and founded the town of Schleswig . After

3792-481: The city centre. This museum also owns Southern Actor , a whale-catcher turned museum ship . Southern Actor is the only whale-catcher from the Modern Whaling Epoch still to be in its original working order. Also at Sandefjord Harbor is the Harbour Chapel ( Bryggekapellet ), which is the only floating church in Norway and most likely Europe, perhaps the only floating church in the world. The city of Tønsberg

3871-421: The city-county of Oslo . It lies on the western shore of the Oslofjord . Vestfold borders with Buskerud County in the north and with Telemark County in the west. It is bordered by Skagerrak in the North Sea to both the south and east. The county has a total area of 2,157 square kilometres (833 sq mi) and has a 980 kilometres (610 mi) coastline. Vestfjellet at 634.04 metres (2,080.2 ft)

3950-562: The county. Many islands are located at the coast. Vestfold is mostly dominated by lowland and is among the best agricultural areas of Norway. Winters last about three months, while pleasant summer temperatures last from May to September, with a July average high of 17 °C (63 °F). Vestfold is traditionally known for shipping and sailing. Sandefjord was formerly a headquarters for the Norwegian whaling fleet, and Horten used to be Norway's main naval port . The coastal towns of Vestfold now engage in fishing and shipbuilding. Some lumbering

4029-614: The crew on the Norwegian whaling fleet, but many were also involved in the whaling industry in other nations. As an example, the first phase of modern Australian whaling was almost entirely based on workers from Larvik. While the first whaling station in the Faroe Islands was established by Sandefjordians, Larvik played a similar role for the Shetland Islands . Tønsberg initiated much of the whaling industry in Iceland and

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4108-440: The cultivation of grains. Vestfold's farming area makes up five percent of Norway's cultivated areas. However, by area, Vestfold only makes up 0.7 percent of Norway's land area. Vestfold has Norway's most expensive vacation homes. Sandefjord had Norway's most expensive vacation homes in 2012, while Tjøme had the most expensive homes as of 2010. General property values appreciated 28.3 percent between 2010 and 2015. Summer tourism

4187-431: The degree that Harald Hårfagre gathered a kingdom after the Battle of Hafrsfjord at the end of the 9th century - that especially is connected to Avaldsnes - it does not seem to have made such a great impression on Ottar". Kaupang is mentioned under the name of Skiringssal ( Kaupangen i Skiringssal ) in Ottar's tales. By the 10th century, the local kings had established themselves. The king or his ombudsman resided in

4266-414: The harbour was partially dredged, during which the wreck of multiple Viking ships were discovered, including the Hedeby 1 . Despite all this work, only 5% of the settlement (and only 1% of the harbour) has as yet been investigated. The most important finds resulting from the excavations are now on display in the adjoining Hedeby Viking Museum . In 2005 an ambitious archaeological reconstruction program

4345-402: The head of a narrow, navigable inlet known as the Schlei , which connects to the Baltic Sea . The location was favorable because there is a short portage of less than 15 km to the Treene River , which flows into the Eider with its North Sea estuary, making it a convenient place where goods and ships could be pulled on a corduroy road overland for an almost uninterrupted seaway between

4424-402: The initial impetus for the town to further develop. The same sources record that Godfred strengthened the Danevirke , an earthen wall that stretched across the south of the Jutland peninsula. The Danevirke joined the defensive walls of Hedeby to form an east–west barrier across the peninsula, from the marshes in the west to the Schlei inlet leading into the Baltic in the east. The town itself

4503-560: The largest burial grounds from the Pre-Roman Iron Age in Vestfold County. At least 238 kilometers of coastal hiking trails can be found in Vestfold County, from Larvik in the south to Svelvik in the north. Hiking trails are found throughout the county, including at World's End in Færder National Park . Furthermore, there is a 35 km (22 mi.) marked trail between the towns of Stavern and Helgeroa . Mølen , Kjærrafossen and Bøkeskogen are also home to various trails. Tønsberg Barrel , an old beacon dated to Sverris saga in

4582-466: The middle of the 9th century until the middle of the 10th century, but their rule was strengthened there at the end of the 10th century. The Danish kings seem to have tried to control the region until the 13th century. Whaling was an important 19th century industry in coastal cities such as Larvik , Tønsberg , and Sandefjord , which was the world centre for the world's modern whaling industry. Not only did men from Vestfold County make up practically all

4661-411: The middle of the fjord are among Norway's warmest with high summer temperatures and moderate winters. The Oslofjord's relatively high temperatures enable various flora to flourish. The oldest settlements in the area surrounding the Oslofjord date from the Stone Age and the Bronze Age . It was here on the eastern and western shores that three of the best preserved Viking ships were unearthed, including

4740-404: The mother of Olof's grandson Sigtrygg Gnupasson . The third runestone, discovered in 1796, is from Hedeby, the Stone of Eric ( Swedish : Erikstenen ). It is inscribed with Norwegian-Swedish runes . It is, however, possible that Danes also occasionally wrote with this version of the younger futhark . Life was short and crowded in Hedeby. The small houses were clustered tightly together in

4819-408: The nearby district of Follo . Each of the islands in the innermost part of the fjord has its own identity and distinguishing history. Among them are Hovedøya, Lindøya, Nakholmen, Bleikøya, Gressholmen, and Langøyene. These islands can be reached with the Oslo boats from Aker Brygge . Hovedøya contains monastery ruins, Gressholmen for its rabbits, Nakholmen, Bleikøya, Lindøya for their cosy cabins at

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4898-414: The nickname Sommerøya ("the Summer Island"), Sandefjord is nicknamed Badebyen ("the Bathing City") due to its many beaches and former spas. Sandefjord is known for its many great beaches, and it is primarily known as a summer resort community. It first became a bathing destination when sulphur was discovered in 1837. The city gained further recognition when Sandefjord Sulfur Spa and Resort ( Kurbadet )

4977-422: The ocean at Mølen, where the moraine sinks into the sea. Its encounter with the Skagerrak ocean waves has uncovered and polished the huge round stone floor for centuries. Besides being the largest beech tree forest in Norway , and the most northernmost beech tree forest in the world, Bøkeskogen is also an important archeological area. 83-90 burial mounds have been discovered in the forest. Some of these include

5056-486: The old Royal Court at Sæheim i Sem , today the Jarlsberg Estate ( Jarlsberg Hovedgård ) in Tønsberg . The farm Haugar (from Old Norse haugr meaning hill or mound) became the seat for Haugating , the Thing for Vestfold and one of Norway's most important place for the proclamation of kings. The family of Harald Fairhair , who was most likely the first king of Norway, is said to have come from this area. The Danish kings seem to have been weak in Vestfold from around

5135-427: The population increases drastically during summer months in municipalities such as Sandefjord, Tjøme, and elsewhere. The population at Tjøme goes from 4,500 to around 50,000 each summer. The population of islands such as Tjøme often quadruple during summer, while summer communities as Stavern often sees a doubling or tripling. Tjøme Island is home to nearly as many vacation homes as residential homes. While Tjøme has

5214-423: The rock piles to about 250 A.D. It was the first UNESCO Global Geopark in the Nordics when established in 2008. Mølen is one of Larvik's most popular tourist attractions. It is home to over a hundred species of rock, including Norway's national stone, Larvikite , which is named from the area. It is a crucially important seabird habitat, where over 316 species of bird have been recorded. Vestfold has experienced

5293-470: The settlement was abandoned, rising waters contributed to the complete disappearance of all visible structures on the site. It was even forgotten where the settlement had been. This proved to be fortunate for later archaeological work at the site. Archaeological work began at the site in 1900 after the rediscovery of the settlement. Excavations were conducted for the next 15 years. Further excavations were carried out between 1930 and 1939. Archaeological work on

5372-407: The site was productive for two main reasons: that the site had never been built on since its destruction some 840 years earlier, and that the permanently waterlogged ground had preserved wood and other perishable materials. After the Second World War, in 1959, archaeological work was started again and has continued intermittently ever since. The embankments surrounding the settlement were excavated, and

5451-417: The water's edge, and finally Langøyene for its camping possibilities and beach. The inner part of the Oslofjord has steep and forest covered hill slopes down towards the fjord. The Oslofjord has Norway's highest all year temperature: 7.5 °C (45.5 °F). February is the coldest month in the fjord with −1.3 °C (29.7 °F), while July normally reaches 17.2 °C (63.0 °F). The islands in

5530-443: The world centre for the whaling industry. However, whaling ended in the 1960s and the ship building industry has gradually reduced since the 1980s. Information technology is currently a growing industry, and the county is home to large web shops such as Komplett , MPX.no and netshop.no. 18.9 percent of the county's total area is used for agriculture, the highest percentage of any county in Norway. 70% of agricultural lands are used for

5609-399: Was abandoned in the mid-10th century. It is located in Kaupang Bay in Viksfjord, Larvik . Archeological finds include melting pots, jewelry parts, casting moulds and casting models. Most of Kaupang remains not excavated. There are replicas of Viking homes at Kaupang today, giving insight to how homes were constructed during the Viking Age . Oseberg Mound is located in Tønsberg and is where

5688-540: Was an important Danish Viking Age (8th to the 11th centuries) trading settlement near the southern end of the Jutland Peninsula , now in the Schleswig-Flensburg district of Schleswig-Holstein , Germany . Around 965, chronicler Abraham ben Jacob visited Hedeby and described it as, "a very large city at the very end of the world's ocean ." The settlement developed as a trading centre at

5767-791: Was established in 1837. The bath was one of the most visited in Europe during the late 19th century. Vestfold's most visited tourist attractions include Borre mound cemetery , the largest burial site in Northern Europe , as well as numerous sites along the coast. Architectural sites include the villages of Åsgårdstrand , Karljohansvern in Horten , and Fredriksvern in Stavern . Other important attractions are Sandefjord Whaling Museum , Mølen Geopark in Larvik , as well as Tønsberg Fortress ( Slottsfjellet ) in Tønsberg . Largest companies in Vestfold County based on operating income in 2015: Vestfold

5846-489: Was from Cordoba in Spain , which had a significantly more wealthy and comfortable lifestyle than Hedeby. While Hedeby may have been significant by Scandinavian standards, Al-Tartushi was unimpressed: The town was sacked in 1050 by King Harald Hardrada of Norway during a conflict with King Sweyn II of Denmark . He set the town on fire by sending several burning ships into the harbour, the charred remains of which were found at

5925-403: Was home to 244,967 residents as of 1 January 2016. Immigrants made up 11.9 percent of the population in 2017. Most immigrants were from Poland (4,287 people), followed by Lithuania (2,794) and Iraq (1,549). Despite its small size, Vestfold had the third-highest population density in Norway. However, the population density may still have been considered low; as an example, the population density of

6004-802: Was rediscovered in the late 19th century and excavations began in 1900. The Hedeby Viking Museum was opened next to the site in 1985. Because of its historical importance during the Viking Age and exceptional preservation, Hedeby and the nearby defensive earthworks of the Danevirke were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2018. Hedeby is mentioned in Hans Christian Andersen 's fairy tale "The Marsh King's Daughter". The Old Norse name Heiða-býr simply translates to "heath-settlement" ( heiðr " heath " and býr = "yard; settlement, village, town"). The name

6083-567: Was retrieved in a woman's grave along with two gold beads, two blue glass beads, a hairpin, ceramic, burnt bones, and two clips of bronze. Her tomb is dated to the Old Iron Age , around 0-400 A.D. Gokstad Mound in Sandefjord was where the Gokstad Ship was excavated by Nicolay Nicolaysen in 1880. The skeleton of a man was found in the ship, long believed to be Olaf Geirstad-Alf , former king of Vestfold and half-brother of Halfdan

6162-435: Was surrounded on its three landward sides (north, west, and south) by earthworks. At the end of the 9th century the northern and southern parts of the town were abandoned for the central section. Later a 9-metre (29-ft) high semi-circular wall was erected to guard the western approaches to the town. On the eastern side, the town was bordered by the innermost part of the Schlei inlet and the bay of Haddebyer Noor . Hedeby became

6241-548: Was the old name of the Oslofjord , and the meaning of the name Vestfold is the region west of the Fold (see also Østfold ). Before 1919, the county was called Jarlsberg og Larvik Amt . The amt was created in 1821, consisting of the two old counties of Jarlsberg and Larvik . In the Viking Age, Vestfold also referred to Eiker , Drammen , Kongsberg , Lier , now in Buskerud . Vestfold Hills on Antarctica's Sørsdal Glacier

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