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21-506: Schöningen is a town of about 11,000 inhabitants in the district of Helmstedt , in Lower Saxony , Germany. The town is located on the southeastern rim of the Elm hill range, near the border with the state of Saxony-Anhalt . In its current form, it was created in 1974 by joining the municipalities of Esbeck, Hoiersdorf, and Schöningen. Schöningen station was served by regional trains on

42-580: A prospective wife for King James VI of Scotland , but King Frederick betrothed Elisabeth to the Duke of Brunswick, promising the Scots instead that "for the second daughter Anna , if the King did like her, he should have her". There were also other suitors for the princess. In addition to James VI of Scotland, Archduke Matthias of Austria (later Emperor Matthias ) also had plans for a marriage to her, and during

63-466: A visit to Denmark in February 1587 , he had spoken to Frederick II about this, but nothing came of it, unknown for what reason. Presumably there have been religious concerns about this. She was married on 19 April 1590 at Kronborg Castle to Duke Henry Julius of Brunswick-Lüneburg . James VI gave gifts of jewels at the wedding worth 4,000 Danish dalers . When her future spouse first arrived for

84-530: The Wolfenbüttel–Helmstedt railway line until it was closed in 2007. The town is a stop on the scenic German Timber-Frame Road . In archaeology , Schöningen is famous for the Schöningen Spears , four ancient wooden spears found in the " spear horizon " in an opencast mine near the town (Bamford & Henderson 2003). The spears are about 400,000 years old (Klein. 2005. p114), making them

105-661: The Carolingian Mayor of the Palace Pepin the Short stayed at Scahaningi during the conflict with his half-brother Grifo . Schöningen was the site of a Königspfalz of Pepin's son Charlemagne and later of the Ottonian dynasty . Saint Willigis , Archbishop of Mainz from 975, was probably born at Schöningen about 940. He served as archchancellor of Emperor Otto III who stayed here several times. Schöningen

126-690: The City of Wolfsburg ; the district gained areas in the west from the District of Gifhorn and the District of Brunswick (see List of territorial changes to the District of Helmstedt ). During the 20th century, the area between Helmstedt and Schöningen was used for lignite mining by the Braunschweigische Kohlenbergwerke AG. Several villages ( Alversdorf , Büddenstedt and Runstedt ) were destroyed by surface mining ; their inhabitants moved to Helmstedt, Schöningen and to

147-462: The District of Helmstedt was one of those districts. It was subdivided into the Ämter of Calvörde , Königslutter , Helmstedt , Schöningen , and Vorsfelde . In 1944, the Amt of Calvörde, which formed an exclave , was moved to the District of Haldensleben , Province of Saxony . During the administrative reforms of the 1970s, northern areas of the district were moved to the District of Gifhorn and to

168-470: The English throne. Henry Julius gave a cautious reply and in a separate letter Elizabeth replied that she had been ill for several months and had made a moderate recovery. After the death of her husband in 1613, she reigned in her dowry. In 1616, she removed her son, Frederick Ulrich, from the government with the support of her brother, Christian IV of Denmark-Norway , because of his alcoholism. She resumed

189-686: The Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution in May in 2020. According to the archaeozoologist Ivo Verheijen, 6.8 tones older skeleton with battered teeth had a shoulder height of about 3.2 metres. Researchers also uncovered two long bones and 30 small flint flakes that were used as tools for knapping among the elephant bones. The first historical mentioning of the Saxon settlement in the Royal Frankish Annals dates back to 747, when

210-780: The nearby border with the Bishopric of Halberstadt . It was damaged during the Schmalkaldic War in 1542, when Duke Henry V of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel fought against the troops of the Protestant Schmalkaldic League . It later served as a widow's seat of his consort Sophia Jagiellon , sister of the Polish king Sigismund II Augustus , and of her successors Elizabeth of Denmark and Anna Sophia, daughter of Elector John Sigismund of Brandenburg . Duchess Elizabeth, sister of King Christian IV of Denmark had

231-538: The newly built village of Neu Büddenstedt , later on renamed Büddenstedt . In the upper part the heraldic horse of Lower Saxony is displayed. In the bottom there are symbols for mining and agriculture . Free municipalities [REDACTED] Media related to Landkreis Helmstedt at Wikimedia Commons 52°15′N 10°55′E  /  52.25°N 10.92°E  / 52.25; 10.92 Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel Elisabeth of Denmark (25 August 1573 – 19 July 1625)

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252-748: The palace rebuilt in a lavish Renaissance style from 1613 onwards. In 1640 Anna Sophia established a Latin school ( Anna-Sophianeum ) in Schöningen, which exists as a Gymnasium up to today. Schöningen Castle was also the administrative seat of a Brunswick Amtmann . From 1679 it served as the residence of Anna Sophia, daughter of Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and spouse of Margrave Charles Gustav of Baden-Durlach . Her sister Elizabeth Eleonora married Duke Bernhard I of Saxe-Meiningen here. In 1733 Prince Frederick II of Prussia stayed here en route to his marriage with Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern at Salzdahlum . After

273-665: The region was used for the tomb of Henry the Lion as well as for the imperial cathedral of Königslutter . In the Middle Ages, Königslutter was among the wealthiest cities of the Holy Roman Empire . In 1576, the University of Helmstedt was founded, which was the largest university of protestant Germany. The Duchy of Brunswick (deriving from Brunswick-Lüneburg ) created administrative districts ( Kreise ) in 1833;

294-466: The remains of about 20 wild horses , whose bones contain numerous butchery marks, including one pelvis that still had a spear sticking out of it. This is considered proof that early humans were active hunters with specialized tool kits. The spears are currently on display at the paläon visitor centre, opened in 2013. The 300.000 year-old nearly entire remains of a female straight-tusked elephant were revealed by University of Tübingen researchers and

315-556: The seat of the local administration was moved to Helmstedt in 1815, the castle decayed. The main industry in Schöningen is open-cast mining of lignite , which is used for electricity generation in the Buschhaus Power Station . Both mining and generation are operated by E.ON subdivisions. Buschhaus power station and open-cast mining would be closed down in 2017. The Buschhaus plant now inhibits three lines of thermal waste treatment. The Sachtleben Chemie company

336-519: The wedding in 1590, he disguised himself as a jeweler; he presented her with jewelry, and stated that prize was her body. As a result, he was thrown in jail until he could prove his identity and explain that it had been a joke . As duchess, she remained in close correspondence with her brother, the Danish monarch. In September 1598 Scottish ambassadors David Cunningham and Peter Young came to Gröningen Priory seeking support for James VI's succession to

357-479: The world's oldest human-made wooden artifacts, as well as the oldest weapons, ever found. Three of them were probably manufactured as projectile weapons, because the weight and tapered point is at the front of the spear making it fly straight in flight, similar to the design of a modern javelin . The fourth spear is shorter with points at both ends and is thought to be a thrusting spear or a throwing stick (Bamford & Henderson 2003). They were found in combination with

378-560: Was duchess consort of Brunswick-Lüneburg as married to Duke Henry Julius of Brunswick-Lüneburg . She was regent of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in place of her incapacitated son Frederick Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1616–1622. She was the eldest daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark and his spouse Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow . First raised with her maternal grandparents, she returned to Denmark in 1579. Scottish ambassadors had at first concentrated their suit on Elisabeth as

399-590: Was elected the new mayor. Schöningen is twinned with: [REDACTED] Schöningen travel guide from Wikivoyage Helmstedt (district) The district is bounded by the Elm (a hill chain) in the west and the Lappwald (a riparian forest) in the east. Large parts of the district are part of the Elm-Lappwald Nature Park . In the Elm, limestone was mined in medieval times; limestone from

420-507: Was founded as Lithopone - und Permanentweißfabrik at Schöningen in 1878; the production facilities were relocated to Duisburg in 1892. Schöningen is the site of a ground station operated by the German Federal Intelligence Service ( Bundesnachrichtendienst ) intelligence agency. Seats in the municipal assembly ( Stadtrat ) as of 2011 elections: Elections in 2016: In November 2019 Malte Schneider

441-575: Was the site of a Benedictine abbey founded in 983. Nearby Elm Castle, erected in the 11th century, was the seat of a commandry of the Teutonic Knights from 1221 onwards. From the 14th century, it was held by the Welf dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg , who granted Schöningen town privileges in 1332. About 1350 Duke Magnus the Pious had Schöningen Castle built as a hunting lodge and also to secure

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