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56-602: The base is operated by the 375th Air Mobility Wing (375 AMW) and is also home to the Air Force Reserve Command 's 932d Airlift Wing (932 AW) and the Illinois Air National Guard 's 126th Air Refueling Wing (126 ARW), the latter two units being operationally gained by AMC. The base currently employs 13,000 people, 5,100 civilians with 5,500 active-duty Air Force, and an additional 2,400 Air National Guard and Reserve personnel. It

112-467: A 1991 joint use agreement resulted in the 1998 opening of the new MidAmerica Airport. Similarly, the 1992 realignment of refueling units to AMC, plus the planned MidAmerica construction, led to a 1995 Base Realignment and Closure committee recommendation to relocate the 126th Air Refueling Wing to Scott AFB. AMC's 15th and 21st Air Forces became Expeditionary Mobility Task Forces in 2003. They, along with all AMC wings and independent groups realigned to

168-563: A 62-acre (250,000 m ) retail development, approximately 256,000 square feet (23,800 m ) of research and distribution facilities for DPT Laboratories, the South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (an infectious disease research institute coordinated with the University of Texas at San Antonio ), an international pharmaceutical company, and a $ 25.5 million City/County emergency operations center which opened in

224-465: A Flying School Detachment, and the field itself was designated as a storage site for demobilized equipment. Welcome news came early in 1919, with the War Department's announcement of its decision to purchase Scott Field, a decision influenced by Scott's central location and exceptional purchase price of $ 119,285.84. This gave Scott a promise of a future; however, it still lacked a mission. Scott

280-436: A diverse mix of assigned and non-assigned aircraft to support aeromedical airlift, operational support airlift and air refueling missions. The 375th Airlift Wing officially became the 375th Air Mobility Wing on 30 September 2009. The Total Force Integration effort called for the creation of an associate unit consisting of active duty KC-135 pilots, boom operators, and maintainers who worked side by side with their counterparts in

336-429: A field meet and flight exhibition—Scott's first air show. Flying was discontinued at Scott Field after the war and the base population dropped. The War Department purchased Scott Field in 1919 for $ 119, 285.84 Scott Field's future became uncertain after the 11 November 1918 armistice with Germany and the end of World War I. Large scale demobilization closed many U.S. airfields. Scott's remaining units were organized into

392-401: A glimpse of airplane activity, but many from the local community also gave morale support to their "Sammies" (Uncle Sam's boys). They hosted dances and receptions, established a library branch on the field, and invited soldiers into their homes for Thanksgiving dinners. Likewise, Scott Field hosted sporting events with their community neighbors. On 17 August 1918, they invited the public to attend

448-520: A newly activated 18th Air Force . The new ready mobility operations capability would speed AMC's support for contingencies and humanitarian missions. In 2003, age, noise, maintenance and lack of demand led to the retirement of the C-9A Nightingale. In the years that followed, the C-21A fleet was reorganized and reduced. These events caused a flying mission restructuring that today has Scott using

504-519: A parent unit based at another location. Air Mobility Command (AMC) Air Combat Command (ACC) Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC) Air Force District of Washington Air Force Field Operating Agencies Air National Guard (ANG) Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) Civil Air Patrol (CAP) Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) The residential part of

560-693: A plan to privatize approved the gradual transition in ownership of Brooks AFB from the Air Force to the Brooks Development Authority. This transition came into full effect on July 22, 2002, when the Brooks Development Authority assumed control of the newly named Brooks City-Base. In 2005, Brooks City-Base was once again placed on the BRAC list. Air Force operations ceased on 15 September 2011. The Brooks Development Authority has demonstrated economic development success with projects including

616-641: A rotational basis in Southwest Asia , September 1990 – April 1991. It deployed an aeromedical evacuation element to support Operation Allied Force in 1999. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency Brooks Air Force Base Brooks Air Force Base was a United States Air Force facility located in San Antonio , Texas , 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Downtown San Antonio . In 2002, Brooks Air Force Base

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672-557: A separate post and named Brooks Field by the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps to honor San Antonio aviator Sidney Johnson Brooks, Jr . The first commander of Brooks Field was Lt. Col. H. Conger Pratt , who until the preceding October had been a cavalryman. From its founding until 1919, Brooks Field was used to train cadets in the Curtiss JN-4 aircraft, which was used for balloon and airship training. The program

728-580: A separate service on 18 September 1947, and on 13 January 1948, Scott Field was re-designated as Scott Air Force Base and the 3310th Technical Training Wing assumed host responsibility from the 3505th Army Air Forces Base Unit. In 1948, Scott's Radio School was re-organized, with the radio operator and control tower courses relocated to Keesler AFB , Mississippi. In addition, the fixed wire courses at Scott went to Francis E. Warren AFB , Wyoming, so that Scott had room to expand its radio mechanic school. In early 1949, Secretary of Defense Louis Johnson initiated

784-580: A series of economic measures throughout the armed forces. His purpose was to effect greater utilization of the assets assigned to all services. As a result of these actions, a number of bases transferred between major commands, schools moved, and other bases closed. Because of these DOD-directed initiatives, Headquarters USAF decided to move Air Training Command (ATC) headquarters from Barksdale AFB , Louisiana to Scott AFB, effective 17 October 1949. The new ATC headquarters established in Building P-3, which

840-934: Is listed as the Scott Field Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places . With the outbreak of World War II, the GHQAF move to Scott was cancelled. Instead, Scott Field reverted to its former role as a training installation. On 1 June 1939, one of Scott's Balloon Groups was redesignated as a headquarters unit of the Scott Field Branch of the Army Air Corps Technical Schools. Subsequently, various technical schools moved to Scott. Its communications training era began in September 1940 with

896-493: The General Headquarters Air Force (GHQAF), which managed the combat arm of the U.S. Army. Scott Field grew from 628 acres in 1938 to 1,882 acres in 1939. Most of the frame World War I and lighter-than-air constructions were torn down—only a few, such as the 9th Airstrip Squadron headquarters/barracks building, a brick theater and nine sets of brick non-commissioned officers' quarters at the south end of

952-780: The Mississippi River wanted the Midwest to be chosen as a site for one of the new "flying fields." Aerial expert Albert Bond Lambert joined the St. Louis Chamber of Commerce and directors of the Greater Belleville Board of Trade to negotiate a lease agreement for nearly 624 acres of land. After inspecting several sites, the U.S. War Department agreed to the lease June 14, 1917. Congress appropriated $ 10 million for its construction, and 2,000 laborers and carpenters were immediately put to work. The layout of Scott Field

1008-532: The 126th Air Refueling Wing. The 375th Operation Group staff had administrative responsibilities for 135 aircrew members and maintainers under the 906th Air Refueling Squadron , a unit that moved from Grand Forks AFB , North Dakota. The 126th Air Refueling Wing maintained the operational direction and control of the mission execution responsibility of these Airmen. Scott AFB served as one of six locations in Air Mobility Command and one of 10 throughout

1064-436: The 375th gained responsibility for the worldwide aeromedical evacuation system. The 375th gained another mission in 1978; Operational Support Airlift. Scott received its first T-39A Sabreliner in 1962. After 1978, the 375th was managing a dispersed continental fleet of 104 Sabreliners flying a combined 92,000 hours a year. The CT-39As were phased out in 1984, the same year the first Gates C-21A Learjets arrived at Scott. As

1120-534: The 375th reorganized, it transitioned to a Military Airlift Wing in 1990 and an Airlift Wing in 1991. In 1992, Military Airlift Command inactivated and its personnel and assets were combined with others to form Air Mobility Command (AMC). Later in the 1990s, two new partners joined Scott's team, MidAmerica Airport and the Illinois Air National Guard 126th Air Refueling Wing . A 1987 Federal Aviation Administration authorization, followed by

1176-467: The 375th's aeromedical mission. In 1973, Scott's Patient Airlift Center coordinated 61 aeromedical missions to bring 357 former Vietnam War Prisoners of War back to the United States. In June 1973, the 1400th Air Base Wing inactivated, the 375th Air Base Group (today the 375th Mission Support Group) reactivated, and host wing responsibilities reverted to the 375th Aeromedical Airlift Wing. By 1975,

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1232-579: The 74-mph speed record for dirigibles, set by Scott Field's TC-1 in 1923, and the American free balloon altitude record of 28,510 feet (8,690 m), set in 1927, by Captain Hawthorne C. Gray . Captain Gray would have set a 42,470-foot (12,940 m) world record later that same year had he survived that flight. In the late 1920s, emphasis shifted from airships to balloons. In 1929, the 12th Airship Company

1288-958: The Air Force was selected to house the Armstrong Laboratory, which included the Air Force Human Resources Laboratory, the Air Force Drug Testing Laboratory, the Harry G. Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, the Air Force Occupational and Environmental Health Laboratory, and the laboratory functions of SAM. Following the 1995 BRAC, when Brooks AFB was removed from the Base Realignment and Closure list, city, state, military, and community planners began several years of hard work to develop

1344-430: The Air Force where TFI efforts unfolded. On June 25, 2014, the base was awarded two new cybersecurity squadrons that will add over 300 personnel, and an additional $ 16 million infrastructure improvements. The base presently has three cyber units. Flying and notable non-flying units based at Scott Air Force Base. Units marked GSU are Geographically Separate Units, which although based at Scott, are subordinate to

1400-464: The Army Air Forces." By the end of World War II, Scott's Radio School—becoming something of a "Communications University of the Army Air Forces", where it expanded during the war to fill about 46 large school buildings on base. It was from this course that many specialized radio and communications courses evolved, and had graduated 77,370 radio operator/mechanics. While all had been important to

1456-515: The United States. In October 1973, it served as an aeromedical evacuation center established under wing control at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, assumed the functions previously handled by smaller centers at Scott, McGuire Air Force Base , New Jersey , and Travis Air Force Base , California . In April 1975, when the aeromedical evacuation support units in Germany and the Far East came under

1512-796: The United States. In 1940, a $ 1 million project began to construct four mile-long concrete runways. Though not fully completed until November 1942, the portions that were complete provided a capability to give advanced flying school graduates instruction in instrument and night flying, navigation, photography, and administrative flights. By late 1943, the Radio School students were in the air as well, practicing code transmission under actual flight conditions. Unfortunately, airfield operations had to be sharply curtailed in May 1944, after an accidental tool-spark set fire to Hangar 1—Scott's only hangar. Repairs were not completed until May 1945. The U.S. Air Force became

1568-439: The United States. It provides operational support airlift for government officials. It offers direct security for U.S. community and nation. And it provides support for U.S. host units—making possible the command and control of the United States' entire military transportation effort. 375th Operations Group (375 OG) 375th Mission Support Group (375 MSG) 375th Medical Group (375 MDG) The 375 Troop Carrier Wing, Medium

1624-440: The air mobility transition, ATC's 3310th Technical Training Wing was re-designated on 1 October 1957, as the 1405th Air Base Wing, a MATS organization. With the transition complete, Scott's new primary mission became air mobility. With the re-alignment to MATS, Aeromedical evacuation continued to grow and in 1964, Scott's host wing was re-designated as the 1405th Aeromedical Transport Wing. Increasing importance placed on airlift and

1680-691: The base is a census-designated place ; the population was 3,612 at the 2010 census . According to the United States Census Bureau , the base has a total area of 9.7 km (3.7 sq mi), all land. 375th Air Mobility Wing The 375th Air Mobility Wing (375 AMW) is a unit of the United States Air Force stationed at Scott Air Force Base , Illinois and assigned to Eighteenth Air Force under Air Mobility Command (AMC). The wing has four primary missions. It supports aeromedical evacuation within

1736-624: The care of wounded personnel in the Vietnam War . President John F. Kennedy dedicated the School of Aerospace Medicine on November 21, 1963, the day before he was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. This was Kennedy's last official act as president. After the Vietnam War, the base's mission narrowed to one centered on specific research related to U.S. Air Force fliers and personnel. In 1991,

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1792-862: The continental United States, Alaska , and off-shore areas of the North Atlantic and the Caribbean from January 1966 for the Air Force, other Department of Defense (DoD) agencies, the U.S. Public Health Service , and the Veterans Administration (VA), augmented by aircraft of the Air National Guard and other Military Airlift Command units. Between January 1966 and April 1975 the wing maintained and scheduled support aircraft at Scott Air Force Base , Illinois , generally using aircrews provided by other Scott-based units to provide scheduled air shuttle and courier service to

1848-547: The decision by the Navy to set up its own transport command led to the Military Air Transport Service being re-designated as Military Airlift Command (MAC) in 1966. Associated with this reorganization, the 1405th was discontinued and its mission and resources were absorbed by the newly activated AFCON 375th Aeromedical Airlift Wing . The addition of a fleet of C-9A Nightingales in 1968 further expanded

1904-684: The early 1950s, Brooks AFB has been the home for the Aerospace Medical Center, which would include the School of Aerospace Medicine (SAM). In 1957, SAM scientists moved into the newly completed center at Brooks AFB. SAM aided the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) with Project Mercury and served as a back-up site for lunar samples brought back to Earth on the Apollo missions between 1969 and 1972. The air evacuation program at Brooks AFB proved vital to

1960-459: The east and west coasts. From January 1966 to September 1968 and since June 1973, the wing operated and maintained Scott AFB. It airlifted more than 700 VA hospital patients from Biloxi and Gulfport , Mississippi , to safety during Hurricane Camille in August 1969; during Project Homecoming in early 1973 the wing flew 119 sorties to airlift some 350 U.S. prisoners of war to 26 hospitals in

2016-473: The end of 1950, Douglas C-54 Skymasters were bringing 200 patients a week to Scott. In 1957, Military Air Transport Service (MATS) moved to Scott AFB to help facilitate management of its east and west coast units, and between July and October 1957, ATC transferred its headquarters to Randolph AFB , Texas. During the changeover some technical training continued, however, by February 1959, the few remaining technical courses left Scott for other bases. As part of

2072-406: The field were saved. New housing, industrial and administrative buildings were completed by May 1939. The expansion program continued into 1940 with the construction of 21 more buildings, including a 200-man barracks, a 300,000-gallon elevated water tank, a 43-bed hospital, Hangar No. 1 and a General Headquarters Air Force office. Scott Field, as it existed at the end of the 1940 expansion program,

2128-447: The first enlisted service member killed in an aviation crash. Scott had died after an unexpected engine failure had brought down the aircraft that Lieutenant Lewis Rockwell had been giving him an orientation flight in at College Park, Maryland, on September 28, 1912. Scott Field began as an aviation-training field for World War I pilots in August 1917 when the 11th and 21st Aero Squadrons from Kelly Field , Texas, arrived. Construction

2184-476: The first flight from Scott Field in a Standard J-1 two-seater biplane. At least seven J-1s were already on Scott; by the time the first Curtiss JN-4 D "Jenny" arrived. Operable from the front or rear seat, the 8-cylinder, 90- horsepower, Jenny would become the primary trainer used on Scott Field. Everything moved fast in a wartime environment, including the dangerous act of learning to fly airplanes. A judgment error or weather shift could produce severe accidents in

2240-480: The fragile aircraft of the day, so it soon became apparent that Scott Field needed a medical air evacuation capability. Determined to improve the recovery of Scott's downed pilots, Captains Charles Bayless (post surgeon), Early Hoag (officer-in-charge of flying) and A.J. Etheridge (post engineer), along with Second Lieutenant Seth Thomas, designed two air ambulances, or hospital planes—using a configuration likely modeled after one in use at Gerstner Field , Louisiana. By

2296-436: The nation's victory, two of the schools better known graduates were Medal of Honor recipient Technical Sergeant Forrest Lee Vosler , and the future first Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force , Paul Airey . Though the Radio School was the primary World War II-era mission, it was not intended to be Scott's only mission. The Air Corps had also planned for Scott to become a major air terminal due to its centralized location in

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2352-717: The new home for the Aerial Observation Center. During World War II , Brooks Field housed the School for Combat Observers and the Advanced Flying School (Observation). The program remained in operation until 1943 when it was disbanded. Training in the school then switched to twin-engine aircraft, subsequently training pilots to fly the B-25 bomber. After the war, Brooks Field became the home to several tactical and reserve units, and in 1948, Brooks Field formally became Brooks Air Force Base. Since

2408-456: The opening of the Radio School. After September 1940, the primary wartime mission of Scott was to train skilled radio operator/maintainers; to produce, as the Radio School's slogan proclaimed, "the best damned radio operators in the world!" Scott's graduates flew in aircraft and operated command and control communications in every Theater of the War, and were often referred to as the "Eyes and Ears of

2464-399: The summer of 1918, Scott Field's engineering department had completed the rear cockpit modifications needed to convert two Jennies. Not long thereafter, on 24 August 1918, as aviator with a broken leg became Scott's first air evacuated patient. Also reassuring was the support Scott Field enjoyed from the local community. Plenty of curious sightseers came just to watch the construction or catch

2520-413: The transformation of the facility, Major John A. Paegelow was selected as commanding officer of the facility in 1923, succeeding Colonel C. G. Hall who left the facility "to pursue a course of instruction in rigid airships with the Navy." Paegelow had been during World War I the commander of all Allied lighter-than-air activities on the warfront. A couple of highlights of Scott's LTA era (1921–1937) include

2576-524: The wing's control, it became the single-point manager for worldwide DoD aeromedical evacuation services. It evacuated wounded during the invasion of Grenada , 24 October – 9 November 1983. It transported 350 wounded Afghan citizens to hospitals in the United States, May–December 1987. It controlled the 1467th Facility Checking Squadron from October 1987 – September 1991, which inspected DoD navigation aids and radar facilities worldwide. The wing operated and maintained an aeromedical evacuation system on

2632-604: Was activated at Greater Pittsburgh Airport, Pennsylvania and trained in the Reserve from May 1949 until it was called to active duty in October 1950. After a period of intensive training, now as a wing, it participated in troop carrier and airlift operations, paratroop drops, and other exercises , October 1950 – July 1952. The wing was again allotted to the Reserve for training from July 1952 – November 1957. It conducted domestic aeromedical airlift and evacuation operations in

2688-599: Was announced in June 2014 that two new cybersecurity squadrons will be added to the three currently on base. Its airfield is also used by civilian aircraft, with civilian operations at the base referring to the facility as MidAmerica St. Louis Airport . MidAmerica has operated as a Joint Use Airport since beginning operations in November 1997. During World War I, Secretary of War Newton Baker advocated an expanded role for aviation. Business and political leaders on both sides of

2744-633: Was cancelled in 1922 when the U.S. Army re-evaluated the usefulness of balloons and airships. After the cancellation of the airship training, the 11th School Group was formed at Brooks Field as the Primary Flying School for the Air Service and Army Air Corps . The Primary Flying School continued operation until 1931 when it moved to Randolph Field in San Antonio. After the Primary Flying School's departure, Brooks Field became

2800-454: Was completed in August, and the first flight from Scott Field occurred 2 September 1917. Flying instruction began 11 September 1917. Later the 85th and 86th Aero Squadrons arrived, and more than 300 pilots and many ground units were trained for service by the war's end in 1918. Training units assigned to Scott Field were: By 2 September, William Couch, a civilian flying instructor, and Scott Field Commander, Major George E. A. Reinburg, made

2856-535: Was inactivated and replaced the next day by the 1st Balloon Company. Airplanes began to dominate activities at Scott Field by the mid-1930s. A series of airship mishaps led the Chief of the Army Air Corps to recommend an end to LTA activities in May 1937, and the following month Scott's LTA era came to an abrupt end. Scott Field's central location was advantageous when it was considered for the relocation site of

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2912-514: Was originally designed to be Headquarters, General Headquarters Air Force (GHQ Air Force). Air Training Command moved its headquarters into the building on 17 October 1949. At Scott, ATC absorbed the functions of its previous three subordinate headquarters—Flying, Technical, and Indoctrination Divisions. Throughout the USAF transition, Scott's primary mission remained technical training; however, Scott's aeromedical evacuation mission continued to grow. By

2968-478: Was renamed Brooks City-Base when the property was conveyed to the Brooks Development Authority as part of a project between local, state, and federal government. The Brooks Development Authority is now the owner and operator of the property, and is redeveloping it as a science, business, and technology center; the U.S. Air Force was the largest tenant at Brooks City-Base before the departure of its operations in 2011. On February 16, 1918, Kelly Field No. 5 became

3024-490: Was three blocks long, nearly one block wide and 15 stories high. One report commented that 100,000 men—nearly the entire U.S. Army in 1923—could have stood in formation inside it. Scott's hangar was second in size only to the naval station hangar in Lakehurst , New Jersey, the largest one in the world at the time. The base also had hydrogen production facilities, which were enhanced significantly around 1923. Consistent with

3080-464: Was transformed into a lighter-than-air (LTA) station in 1921, with the transfer of the Army Balloon and Airship School from Brooks Field , Texas. Lighter-than-air ships were used at Scott Field to research the capabilities of aerial photography, meteorology and conduct altitude experiments. The most notable addition was the new airship hangar. Constructed between September 1921 and January 1923, it

3136-500: Was typical of aviation fields built during World War I. Construction began in June 1917. The government gave the Unit Construction Company 60 days to erect approximately 60 buildings, lay a mile-long railroad spur, and to level off an airfield with a 1,600 foot landing circle. Construction was underway when the government announced, on July 20, 1917, that it would name the new field after Corporal Frank S. Scott ,

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