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32-655: As of December 31, 2015, it operated a network of 64 branches. The bank was established in 1944 as "Stopanska Banka" by a Decision of the Second Special Meeting of the Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia on 29 December of that year under the name of Makedonska Stopanska Banka. This European bank or insurance-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about

64-529: A Balkan Federation or else complete independence. Čento and partly Brashnarov clashed with Svetozar Vukmanović-Tempo , Josip Broz Tito 's envoy to Macedonia. One of the contributors in the Assembly was Kiro Gligorov , the future first President of the Republic of Macedonia . According to some researchers the first session was manipulated by pro-Yugoslav representatives, and the number of present delegates

96-749: A referendum about the further destiny of the monarchy was held. Based on the results of the referendum, Bulgaria was declared People's Republic on 15 September 1946. After 9 September 1944, the Bulgarian Army joined the Third Ukrainian Front and contributed to the defeat of Nazism in Europe , helping drive out the Germans from much of Yugoslavia and Hungary , reaching as far as Klagenfurt in Austria by April 1945. Although Bulgaria

128-634: A committee to standardize Macedonian and its alphabet. In December 1944, ASNOM rejected the first committee's recommendations as pro-Bulgarian. It formed a second committee, whose recommendations were accepted in April 1945. The (second) committees' recommendations were strongly influenced by the Serbian Cyrillic alphabet. At the end of 1944, the law for the protection of the Macedonian national honor passed by SR Macedonia's government, for which

160-542: A company in North Macedonia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia The Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia ( Macedonian : Антифашистичко собрание за народно ослободување на Македонија (АСНОМ) , Antifašističko sobranie za narodno osloboduvanje na Makedonija ; Serbo-Croatian : Antifašističko sobranje narodnog oslobođenja Makedonije ; abbr. ASNOM )

192-531: Is disputed. In early September, Nazi Germany briefly sought to establish a puppet state called independent Macedonia . However, the state was de facto not established due to the lack of any military support. Despite this, it was declared by Macedonian right nationalists on 8 September. After Bulgaria switched sides in the war on September 9 , the Bulgarian 5th. The army stationed in Macedonia moved back to

224-602: The Macedonian name and the Macedonian national honor ". as part of an attempt to differentiate an ethnic and political Macedonian identity, separate from Bulgarian. On the third session held in April 1945, the body transformed itself into a republican parliament. Čento was replaced by Koliševski, who started fully implementing the pro-Yugoslav line. He strongly supported the promotion of a distinct ethnic Macedonian identity and language in SR Macedonia . ASNOM formed

256-708: The Soviet sphere of influence and the beginning of Bulgaria's 45-year-long People's Republic . On 26 August 1944, the government of Ivan Bagryanov had verbally declared Bulgaria's neutrality in the war under the threat of the Red Army's offensive in neighbouring Romania . At the same time, in Egypt the government had entered separate peace talks with the United Kingdom and the United States, hoping to secure

288-442: The "unification of the whole Macedonian people", i.e., in the whole of the geographical region of Macedonia , was also made. Panko Brashnarov , a former member of IMRO and oldest member, chaired the inaugural meeting, and Metodija Andonov-Čento was elected as president. Both wanted greater independence for the future republic. They saw joining Yugoslavia as a form of second Serbian dominance over Macedonia and preferred membership in

320-572: The Presidium of ASNOM created a special court to implement it, persecuted Bulgarian individuals. In the 1940s, ASNOM's first leaders Čento, Pavel Shatev and Brashnarov were purged from their positions, then isolated, arrested and imprisoned on fabricated charges, as foreign agents, having pro-Bulgarian leanings, demanding greater independence, collaborating with the Cominform, forming of conspirative political groups, demanding greater democracy and

352-596: The Red Army had not reached Sofia but remained in northeastern Bulgaria, as the Bulgarian communists were capable of assuming power without any aid. The Fatherland Front government included representatives of the BWP, BANU "Pladne", the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party (Wide Socialists) and Zveno . The former Prime Minister Konstantin Muraviev was arrested, as were Tsar Simeon II 's regents, members of

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384-547: The Soviet Union declared war on Bulgaria. The Central Committee of the BWP and the general staff of the People's Liberation Revolt Army commenced, on 5 September, planning of a coup d'état. The plan was further detailed on 8 September. According to the plan, the coordinated actions of the partisans, the BWP combat groups and the pro-Fatherland Front army detachments would assume power and effective control of government during

416-618: The dispatch of British and American troops in Bulgaria. On the same day, the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Workers' Party (BWP) proclaimed the assumption of power by means of a popular uprising to be its official task. A government of the Bulgarian Agrarian National Union (BANU) "Vrabcha 1", until then in opposition, was formed on 2 September 1944, headed by Konstantin Muraviev. It continued

448-533: The former government, and some army detachment heads. On 10 September, the police was abolished and replaced with a popular militia consisting mainly of recent partisans; 8,130 political prisoners were released from the prisons, and the concentration camps of the former regime (e.g. Gonda voda, Krasto pole, Lebane) were closed down. The fascist organizations were banned, as were their publications. The former regents, Prince Kiril , Bogdan Filov , and Nikola Mihov , were executed on 1 February 1946. On 8 September 1946,

480-440: The freedom " and the unofficial Yugoslav anthem - " Hey, Slavs ". The Assembly issued a Manifesto which described Vardar Macedonia 's position under the old Yugoslavia as that of a colony and declared ' brotherhood and unity ' with the other Yugoslav people. It also stated its support for the equality of all nationalities in Macedonia and called on Albanians, Turks and Vlachs to join the national liberation struggle. A call for

512-480: The government of Kingdom of Bulgaria carried out on the eve of 9 September 1944. During the People's Republic of Bulgaria it was called using the propaganda term People's Uprising of 9 September – on the grounds of the broad unrest and Socialist Revolution – as it was a turning point politically and the beginning of radical reforms towards Soviet-style socialism . Bulgaria was in a precarious situation, still in

544-415: The like. In present-day North Macedonia , ASNOM became an " object of memory ". 1944 Bulgarian coup d%27%C3%A9tat [REDACTED]   Bulgaria [REDACTED] Fatherland Front The 1944 Bulgarian coup d'état , also known as the 9 September coup d'état ( Bulgarian : Деветосептемврийски преврат , romanized :  Devetoseptemvriyski prevrat ), was a coup that overthrew

576-538: The new leader of the Communist Party of Macedonia , was declared the first deputy of Čento in the ASNOM presidency during the second session of this assembly on 28–31 December. In September 1944, Koliševski, who was a prisoner, was freed by the new Bulgarian pro-communist government. At the same session, a decision was taken a tribunal to be created, that will judge "the collaborators of the occupiers who have panned

608-865: The night of 9 September. The stated goal of the coup d'état was the "overthrowing of the fascist authorities and the establishment of popular-democratic power of the Fatherland Front". Unrest began all around Bulgaria on 6 September and 7 September, with the strikes of the Pernik miners and the Sofia tram employees, as well as the general strikes in Plovdiv and Gabrovo . The prisons in Pleven , Varna and Sliven had their political prisoners released; 170 localities were entered by partisan detachments between 6 September and 8 September. In many cities and villages,

640-670: The old borders of Bulgaria. In early October the newly formed Bulgarian People's Army together with the Red Army reentered occupied Yugoslavia. The Germans were driven off from Vardar Macedonia in late November by the Bulgarian Army with the help of the Macedonian Partisans . ASNOM became officially operational in December, shortly after the German retreat from Skopje. During this session, Lazar Koliševski ,

672-482: The old regime's supporters were defeated by military action with the army coming under the effective control of the Fatherland Front. The establishment of the new leadership happened at the latest in Haskovo, where partisans and other antifascists seized the artillery barracks on 12 September, but suffered many casualties, as the negotiations with the commanding officers failed to reach a compromise. As of 9 September,

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704-452: The order of the NOVA commander-in-chief Dobri Terpeshev , all partisan units descended from the mountains and took over villages and cities' governments. In most places, this was not met with much resistance, but in other cases army and police units loyal to the old government put up violent resistance to the Fatherland Front forces. In Sofia, Plovdiv, the region of Pernik, Shumen and Haskovo

736-411: The peace talks, declared its support for democratic reforms and ordered the withdrawal of German Army troops from Bulgaria. At the same time, the guerrilla actions of the partisans did not cease, the alliance with Nazi Germany was not disbanded and no attempts were made to normalize the relations with Moscow , forcing the Soviet Union to treat the new government with suspicion. On 5 September 1944,

768-921: The sphere of Nazi Germany 's influence (as a former member of the Axis powers , with German troops in the country despite the declared Bulgarian neutrality 15 days earlier), but under threat of war with the leading military power of that time, the Soviet Union (the USSR had declared war on the Kingdom of Bulgaria 4 days earlier and units of its Third Russian Front of the Red Army had entered Bulgaria 3 days after), and with demonstrations, strikes, revolts in many cities and villages (6 – 7 September) and local government power taken by Bulgarian Fatherland Front (FF) forces (without Red Army help) in Varna , Burgas , etc. The coup d'état

800-517: The strikes and meetings grew into armed clashes with the police, with victims on both sides. On 8 September, the Red Army entered Bulgaria meeting with no opposition on the order of the new Bulgarian government. On the eve of 9 September, army units together with Fatherland Front detachments captured key locations in Sofia, such as the Ministry of War , the Ministry of Internal Affairs , the post ,

832-412: The telegraph, the radio , and the railway station . Early in the morning, the new Prime Minister Kimon Georgiev informed the people on the radio of the shuffle: With the complete awareness that it is a true and full voice of the popular will, the Fatherland Front assumes in that fateful hour and difficult conditions the government of the country in order to save it from destruction. On 9 September, on

864-465: The wave of terror in the country. Between 10,000 and 40,000 people were killed or missing in just the first four months after the communist regime overtook Bulgaria. Bulgarian communists (their Workers' Party renamed to Communist Party ) consolidated their leading role in the Fatherland Front coalition, reduced its members from 5 to 2 political parties (together with the Agrarian Union) and led

896-640: Was declared by pro-Nazi Germany Macedonian right-wing nationalists. The first plenary session of ASNOM was convened underground on the symbolic date of August 2 ( Ilinden uprising day) 1944 in the St. Prohor Pčinjski Monastery , now in Serbia . The most important assembly decisions were: The first session was opened with the anthem of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) - " Rise up dayspring of

928-573: Was not recognized as a true member of the Allies, it still managed to retain Southern Dobruja which it had acquired in 1940 per the Treaty of Craiova . The government of Kimon Georgiev established in December 1944 the People's Court according to the international obligation of Bulgaria to condemn the persons (ministers, etc.) guilty for World War II. It became one of the main propellers of

960-537: Was organized by the Fatherland Front political coalition (led by the Bulgarian Communists ) and performed by pro-FF units of the Bulgarian Army and the Bulgarian partisan forces of the People's Liberation Insurgent Army ( Народоосвободителна въстаническа армия , НОВА ; Narodoosvoboditelna vastanicheska armiya, NOVA). As a direct result the legal government of Prime Minister Konstantin Muraviev

992-579: Was overthrown and replaced with a government of the FF led by Kimon Georgiev . Bulgaria immediately joined the anti-Axis coalition of the Allies of World War II and took part in World War II. The Kingdom of Bulgaria became a republic after the Bulgarian republic referendum in 1946 . Large-scale political, economic and social changes were introduced to the country. The coup resulted in Bulgaria entering into

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1024-581: Was the supreme legislative and executive people's representative body of the communist Macedonian state from August 1944 until the end of World War II . The body was set up by the Macedonian Partisans during the final stages of the World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia . That occurred clandestinely in August 1944, in the Bulgarian occupation zone of Yugoslavia . Simultaneously another state

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