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48-692: The province has no highway road connecting to the rest of the island, and the primary transportation link is a ferry across the Bone Gulf between Watampone (Bone) in South Sulawesi and the port of Kolaka in Southeast Sulawesi. From the seventeenth century until the early twentieth century, the region was the site of the Buton Sultanate  [ zh ] (Butung). The two major mountain ranges in Southeast Sulawesi are

96-590: A national ideology. This Special Session, and Suharto's resignation, marked the downfall of the New Order , which transitioned to the Reformasi era. The 1999 General Session was the first MPR with "real" reform credentials. In another reorganization process, the membership was reduced to 700, with 500 DPR members, 135 Regional Representatives, and 65 Group Representatives. During the General Session,

144-497: A new constitution for Indonesia. Under its transitional provisions, for a six-month transition period, the new republic would be governed according to the constitution by a president, assisted by a National Committee, which would establish the long awaited People's Consultative Assembly mandated by the said constitution as the supreme legislative authority of the new republic, with the House of Representatives as its presidum (18 August

192-578: A pro-communist, democratically elected president as Sukarno's successor. The MPRS held its third General Session in Bandung from 11 to 16 April 1965. This General Session further entrenched Sukarno's ideological approaches in the running of Indonesia. Many of Sukarno's Independence Day speeches were adopted as the guideline for policies in politics and economics. The MPRS also decided on the principals of Guided Democracy, which would involve consultations ( Musyawarah ) and consensus ( Mufakat ). Perhaps

240-598: A small southern part of Kabaena Island, but does not include any part of Buton Island . (c) Under discussion by the Indonesian government in 2013 was a proposal to create an additional municipality of Raha , on Muna Island, but any such proposal is in abeyance and this potential extra municipality is not separated in the table above. (d) The Konawe Islands Regency comprises Wawonii Island and small offshore islets around it. The province now forms one of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to

288-468: A speech called Nawaksara ( lit.   ' The Nine Points ' ), in which he was expected to give account for the 30 September Movement , in which six generals and a first lieutenant were kidnapped and killed by alleged communists. The speech was rejected, and the MPRS asked Sukarno to give a supplementary speech at the next MPRS General Session. The 1967 MPRS Special Session, from 7 to 12 March, marked

336-438: Is divided into fifteen regencies (including the five new regencies established in 2013 and 2014) and two autonomous cities . As at 1995, there were just four regencies within the province - Buton , Kolaka , Konawe and Muna . On 3 August, the city of Kendari was created from part of Konawe Regency, and on 21 June 2001 the city of Bau-Bau was created from part of Buton Regency. On 25 February 2003, South Konawe Regency

384-815: Is presently marked as the official birthday of the MPR). Originally, under that constitution, the MPR was to be the Indonesian version of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, with the House acting as Presidium of the same. On 29 August, Sukarno dissolved the PPKI and on its basis established the Central Indonesian National Committee ( Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat (KNIP)), with 135 appointed deputies, which included many members of

432-525: The de facto transfer of power had been made on 11 March by virtue of the Supersemar document, Suharto wanted to maintain the appearance of legality. During the 1966 session, the MPRS passed 24 resolutions; they included revoking Sukarno's appointment to the life presidency, banning " Communism / Marxism-Leninism " [ sic ]; explicitly defined in the resolution's corresponding explanatory memorandum to include "the struggle fundaments and

480-592: The 2009 election , the number of DPD senators became 132. During the 2019–2024 term there are 575 DPR members and 136 senators, resulting in 711 members of the MPR; for the 2024–2029 term, following the creation of an additional 4 provinces in 2022, this increased to 580 DPR members and 152 senators. On 18 August, the day after Sukarno proclaimed the Independence of Indonesia the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) approved

528-916: The People's Representative Council . The Southeast Sulawesi Electoral District consists of all of the 15 regencies in the province, together with the cities of Kendari and Bau-Bau, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council. Bone Gulf Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.226 via cp1108 cp1108, Varnish XID 227617991 Upstream caches: cp1108 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 08:36:09 GMT Indonesian Parliament [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The People's Consultative Assembly of

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576-576: The TNI from the National Police and defined their roles. It also passed resolutions on the consolidation of national unity and recommendations regarding the execution of regional autonomy. The 2001 Special Session assembled after President Wahid was allegedly involved in a corruption case and after the DPR began claiming that Wahid's leadership had become incompetent. Originally scheduled for August 2001,

624-724: The Tanggeasinua Range and the Mekongga Range . The major rivers are the Lalinda , the Lasolo , and the Sampara . The population of the province was 2,232,586 at the 2010 decennial census (1,120,225 males, and 1,110,344 females), increasing to 2,624,875 at the 2020 Census. The official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,743,574. Konawe Selatan , Konawe , Kolaka and Muna are the four most populous regencies. A third of

672-399: The 1945 Constitution, with the role of the MPR being restored. In 1960, Sukarno dissolved the lower house, the House of Representatives, after it refused to pass the state budget. He then appointed a Mutual Cooperation House of Representatives (DPR-GR) and reestablished the MPR in the form of a Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS). The 610 deputies comprising the membership of

720-422: The 2020 Census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the location of the regency/city headquarters and their Human Development Index. Notes (a) Bombana Regency is mainly peninsula (the areas around Poleang and Rumbia on Sulawesi Island) but partly insular (including most of Kabaena Island). (b) The Central Buton Regency comprises the southern part of Muna Island and

768-603: The Constitution but hierarchically accepted as legislation directly under the Constitution, but higher than an Act ( Undang-Undang , passed by the DPR-GR). MPRS and later the MPR would pass Resolutions until 2003, when MPR was definitively stripped of any law-making power. The MPRS held its first General Session in Bandung , West Java from 10 November to 3 December. It passed two resolutions: The second General Session

816-582: The DPR-GR together with 94 appointed regional representatives and 232 appointed representatives of functional sectors, including service personnel of the Armed Forces and the National Police, took their oaths of office on 15 September. It was during this time that the MPRS first passed a series of Resolutions ( Ketetapan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat ), a power not explicitly mentioned in

864-481: The Groups Delegations Faction ( Fraksi Utusan Golongan )). It was reduced to 688 in 2004 due to the removal of active military and police officers and the dissolution of the Groups Delegations Faction, as well as the reassignment of Regional Delegations Faction to the newly formed DPD and restructuring the senatorial seats at 128 from each of the 32 provinces. Due to addition of West Papua since

912-453: The KNIP full legislative powers alongside Sukarno, meaning it had to approve all legislation, including those which determine the current national policies. These powers were delegated to a Working Committee. Wartime underground leaders Sutan Sjahrir and Amir Sjarifuddin were subsequently elected chairman and vice-chairman of this committee, which exercised the legislative work of the KNIP when

960-550: The KNIP working Committee and the Supreme Advisory Council from the Republic. The provisional constitution also called for the establishment of a Constitutional Assembly to draw up a permanent constitution. This assembly was elected in 1955 but failed to agree on a new constitution, and with the support of the army, on 5 July 1959, Sukarno issued decree to abolish the provisional constitution and reimpose

1008-677: The MPR recognized the referendum in East Timor and set a task force to amend the 1945 constitution. It also stipulated that it would thenceforth hold annual sessions to receive reports from the president, House of Representatives, the Audit Board of Indonesia (BPK), the Supreme Advisory Council (DPA), and the Supreme Court . After receiving these annual reports, the MPR would then work to give recommendations on

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1056-504: The PPKI who crossed over to it. Part of its original intensions was to prepare the way for the manner of the future selection of elected deputies to the Assembly. A number of KNIP members became concerned that the Indonesian government was too authoritarian, and pressed for a more parliamentary system. Sukarno and Vice President Hatta agreed to these demands, and on 16 October 1945, Hatta issued Vice-Presidential Edict No.X that gave

1104-518: The Republic of Indonesia ( Indonesian : Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Republik Indonesia , MPR-RI ) is the legislative branch in Indonesia's political system . It is composed of the members of a lower body, House of Representatives (DPR) and an upper body, Regional Representative Council (DPD). Before 2004, and the amendments to the 1945 Constitution , the MPR was the highest governing body in Indonesia . In accordance with Law No. 16/1960,

1152-542: The Special Session was brought forward to July 2001. It then removed Wahid from the presidency and elected Megawati Sukarnoputri as president and Hamzah Haz as vice-president. The 2002 Annual Session continued the constitutional amendment process, most notably changing the system of presidential elections, abolishing the DPA and requiring that 20 percent of the national budget be allocated for education, It also order

1200-458: The Union ). Suharto was expected to outline the achievements which had been accomplished during his five-year term and the way in which they fulfilled the national policies proposed by the Assembly to him at the beginning of his term. In this General Session, the MPR passed resolutions that outlined the method of the election of the president and vice president and decided on the relationship between

1248-825: The adoption of the Political Manifesto as the primary GSP of the Assembly and the Republic at large. The Special Session assembled after Sukarno's Nawaksara Supplementary Letter was deemed to be unworthy because it had not included a full account of the 30 September Movement. He did not deliver a speech. On 9 February 1967, the DPR declared that the President was endangering the nation through his leadership and ideological stance. It then asked for an MPRS Special Session to be held in March to formally impeach Sukarno. The 1968 MPRS Special Session, 21 to 30 March, officially consolidated Suharto's position by appointing him to

1296-410: The assembly was formed after the general election in 1971 . It was decided at that time that the membership of the Assembly would be twice that of the House. The 920 membership of MPR continued for the terms of 1977–1982 and 1982–1987. For the terms 1987–1992, 1992–1997, and 1997–1999 the MPR's membership became 1000. One hundred members were appointed representing delegations from groups as addition to

1344-432: The course of action that the president could take. For the first time, the MPR rejected an accountability speech (Habibie's), and following it Presidential and Vice-Presidential elections were held with more than one person competing. During the General Session, Abdurrahman Wahid was elected president, with Megawati Sukarnoputri as vice-president. The 2000 Annual Session continued the reform process. The MPR separated

1392-567: The creation of 11 new Regencies and Municipalities, including the following in Southeast Sulawesi: Subsequently, on 24 June 2014, the Indonesian Parliament agreed to create three more new regencies, based on consideration of technical, administrative, area, strategic and geopolitic factors: These regencies and cities are tabulated below, with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and

1440-473: The end of Sukarno's presidency and the beginning of Suharto's. Much like the 1966 General Session, the official transfer of power was done before the General Session in March, with Sukarno stepping down from his position in February. Suharto's appointment as acting president and the withdrawal of power from Sukarno during this General Session was just a formality. The MPRS also passed a resolution to re-examine

1488-514: The faction delegates of Karya Pembangunan (FKP), Partai Demokrasi Indonesia (FPDI), Persatuan Pembangunan (FPP), and military ( Fraksi ABRI , later renamed Fraksi TNI/POLRI ). For the term of 1999–2004 the membership of MPR was 700 (462 civilians and 38 from military and police which formed the DPR, 135 from each of the 27 provinces which formed the Regional Delegations Faction ( Fraksi Utusan Daerah ), and 65 to form

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1536-626: The full committee did not meet. On 27 December 1949, the Dutch government transferred sovereignty to a federal United States of Indonesia (USI), which comprised 16 states and territories, including the Republic of Indonesia . Under the constitution of the USI , the highest chamber of government was the Senate, which comprised 32 members, two from each of the 16 components of the USI. However, one by one,

1584-475: The governing bodies in Indonesia such as the MPR, DPR, the Supreme Advisory Council (DPA), etc. Suharto was elected to a second term as president, with Hamengkubuwono IX , the sultan of Yogyakarta as vice president. The 1978 General Session, held on 11 to 23 March, passed resolutions that included the integration of East Timor as a province of Indonesia and commissioning Suharto to establish Pancasila as

1632-570: The individual regions and territories of the USI began to dissolve themselves into the Republic, and on 17 August 1950, Indonesia became a unitary state. In discussions starting in May 1950, the Committee for the Preparation of the Constitution of a Unitary State, had was agreed that there would be a unicameral legislature comprising the membership of the lower chamber and Senate from the USI and

1680-552: The military deputies and accepted Try as his vice president. Suharto was elected to a sixth term. The 1998 General Session was held during the height of the Asian Financial Crisis and the peak of pro-democratic movements in Suharto's regime. In an effort to restore security and stability, the MPR passed a resolution to give special powers to the president to ensure the success and security of development. Suharto

1728-461: The most significant of the MPRS's General Sessions was that in 1966. Meeting in Jakarta from 20 June to 5 July 1966 under a new leadership, and with a membership purged of 180 individuals either pro-Sukarno or linked to organizations implicated in the alleged coup attempt of 30 September 1965 , the General Session marked the beginning of the official transfer of power from Sukarno to Suharto. Although

1776-424: The national ideology via an indoctrination process. The session was noted for the mass walkout of PPP deputies when Suharto referred to religions as "streams of beliefs". During this General Session, Suharto was elected to a third term as president, with Adam Malik , then speaker of the MPR, as his vice president. The 1983 General Session passed resolutions on the holding of a referendum , as well giving Suharto

1824-550: The population is centered on Buton and Muna islands off the south coast of Sulawesi, and another 15% live in and around Kendari. Religion in Southeast Sulawesi (2022) Islam is the predominant religion (96.2%). According to the 2021 estimates, 2,560,000 people were Muslims , 50,780 were Hindus, 44,870 were Protestants, 16,180 were Roman Catholics, 1,610 were Buddhists, 113 were Confusians and 63 adhered to Folk religions . The main ethnic groups in Southeast Sulawesi are "Tolaki", "Buton", "Muna" etc. Southeast Sulawesi Province

1872-537: The presidency. The MPRS commissioned Suharto to continue stabilizing Indonesia's politics and to formulate a Five Year Plan for the economy. The Special Session was assembled when it became obvious that Suharto was not going to be able to hold legislative elections in July 1968 as had been ordered by the 1966 MPRS General Session. During this Special Session, the MPRS also commissioned Suharto to hold elections by 5 July 1971. The 1973 General Session, held from 12 to 24 March

1920-453: The reformist sentiments that were prevalent in Indonesia at the time. During this Special Session, MPR revoked the special powers given to the president in the 1998 General Session and limited the number of terms of the president. The MPR also resolved to hold legislative elections in 1999, ordered a crackdown on corruption, collusion, and nepotism and revoked the resolution which had ordered the indoctrination of Pancasila to establish it as

1968-510: The regional deputies, were presidential appointees from civil society organizations and representatives of industries. This General Session was also noted for the furor over the nomination of Sudharmono as vice president, which resulted in Brigadier General Ibrahim Saleh interrupting the General Session and PPP's Jailani Naro nominating himself as vice president before he was convinced to withdraw by Suharto - it

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2016-493: The tactics taught by ... Stalin , Mao Zedong , etc.", elevating the Supersemar into a resolution irrevocable by Sukarno, the holding of legislative elections, commissioning Suharto to create a new Cabinet, and a constitutional amendment in which a president who might be unable to perform his duty would be replaced by the holder of the Supersemar instead of the vice-president. Also during the General Session, Sukarno delivered

2064-478: The title of "Father of Development". He was elected to a fourth term, with Umar Wirahadikusumah as vice president. The 1988 General Session was marked by a reorganization of the MPR and the return of the sectoral representatives which formed the Groups Faction. Members of this faction, drawn from all walks of life and integrated into the factions of Golkar, PPP, and PDI deputies in the assembly, as well as

2112-496: Was created from part of Konawe Regency. On 18 December 2003, three new regencies were created - Bombana Regency and Wakatobi Regency from parts of Buton Regency, and North Kolaka Regency from part of Kolaka Regency. On 2 January 2007, two new regencies were created - North Konawe Regency from part of Konawe Regency, and North Buton Regency from part of Muna Regency. In 2013 the Indonesian Government enacted

2160-681: Was elected to a seventh term, with B.J. Habibie as vice president. To date, this is the New Order's last ever General Session, marked with Suharto's downfall before the Special Session in May, marking the starting the new Reform era. The 1998 Special Session ( Sidang Istimewa ) was the first MPR assembly held after Suharto's resignation from the Presidency and fall from power in May 1998. Although it still consisted of politicians who had flourished during Suharto's regime, these MPR members were keen to distance themselves from Suharto and appeal to

2208-554: Was held in Bandung from 15 May to 22 May 1963. It was at this General Session that Sukarno was elected 'President for Life' through Resolution No. III/MPRS/1963, which was a violation of Article 7 of the Constitution . The resolution was supported by the armed forces deputies to the Assembly, while it dealt a serious blow to the increasing influence of the Communist Party of Indonesia and its representatives, who hoped for

2256-595: Was of the first MPR to be elected. Its membership was increased to 920. Until 1999 it included members from Golkar , the United Development Party (PPP), the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI), ABRI members ( Indonesian National Armed Forces , which included the police force at the time), as well as regional representatives. For the first time the president was required to deliver an Accountability Speech (similar to State of

2304-508: Was the first vice presidential election held with two candidates. The latter was elected to a fifth term as president with Sudharmono elected as vice president. The 1993 General Session was marked by another reorganization of the MPR, with membership being increased to 1,000 deputies. This General Session was noted for the ABRI's preemptive nomination of Try Sutrisno as vice president. Although displeased, Suharto did not want an open conflict with

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