The Symmes Purchase , also known as the Miami Purchase , was an area of land totaling roughly 311,682 acres (487.003 sq mi; 1,261.33 km) in what is now Hamilton , Butler , and Warren counties of southwestern Ohio , purchased by Judge John Cleves Symmes of New Jersey in 1788 from the Continental Congress .
85-478: In the 1780s, Benjamin Stites , a friend of Symmes, was visiting Limestone (now Maysville, Kentucky ) and lost some of his horses to theft by Native Americans . Pursuing them through the wilderness of southwestern Ohio, he travelled as far north as Xenia , observing the fertility of the country in the process. He was so impressed with the region that he informed Symmes of its prospects upon his return. Symmes gathered
170-522: A 100-day "distillers' holiday" to replenish the medicinal stock. After the end of Prohibition at the federal level in late 1933, it continued in various places at the state , county and local level, and liquor sales are still prohibited or restricted in many jurisdictions in Kentucky, the primary bourbon-producing state (and in Tennessee as well, where Tennessee whiskey is made). Production
255-524: A CBS Sports Radio affiliate, and the FM plays adult contemporary music. The annual Rosemary Clooney Music Festival was founded by the singer in 1999 to benefit the restoration of the Russell Theatre . Past performers at the festival include Debby Boone , Rita Coolidge , Michael Feinstein , Roberta Flack , Alison Krauss , The Pointer Sisters , Michael Bolton , and Linda Ronstadt . Amtrak ,
340-406: A bill authorizing the federal government to purchase shares in the turnpike company. President Andrew Jackson , a bitter rival of Clay, vetoed the bill, arguing that the project was of purely local benefit. The Maysville Road veto was one of Jackson's first acts in aligning the federal government with his principles of Jacksonian democracy . An attempt to override Jackson's veto failed, but
425-530: A current major producer), Frankfort Distillery (including the George T. Stagg distillery now called the Buffalo Trace Distillery and owned by Sazerac ), James Thompson and Brothers (later called Glenmore Distillery , now owned by Sazerac), and Schenley Distillery (now owned by Guinness ). Prescriptions were required to buy medicinal whiskey. In 1928 or 1929 when stocks ran out, there was
510-583: A direct route to Lexington and the Bluegrass Region of Central Kentucky. Other highways serving Maysville are: Routes 9 and 10 run concurrently through the south edge of Maysville as the AA Highway. The AA Highway links the Kentucky suburbs of Cincinnati approximately 50 miles west of Maysville with Vanceburg , Ashland and Interstate 64 near Grayson to the southeast. The fact that highways numbered 8, 9, 10, and 11 serve Maysville makes
595-468: A female householder with no husband present, and 37.6% were non-families. 33.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.85. In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.7% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
680-600: A fire in 1825 and a series of deadly cholera epidemics. A proposal to move the county government from Washington to Maysville was bitterly fought but passed by a slender margin in 1848. Maysville donated its city hall, completed in 1846, to the county for a court house. Today, much of Washington is designated as a historic district , the Washington Historic District ; it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . In 1850,
765-541: A historic district of Maysville. She included the scene in her influential novel Uncle Tom's Cabin , published in 1852. Buffalo once forded the Ohio here, beating a broad path into the interior of Kentucky in search of salt licks . For thousands of years, various cultures of indigenous peoples inhabited the area, hunting the buffalo and other game. In the 17th century, the powerful Iroquois Confederacy , based in present-day New York state , drove out other tribes to hold
850-449: A large scale to extract bourbon from its used barrels, mixing the extract with a 6-year-old Beam bourbon to create a 90-proof product that it sells as "Devil's Cut". The bottling operation for bourbon is the process of filtering, mixing together straight whiskey from different barrels (sometimes from different distilleries), diluting with water, blending with other ingredients (if producing blended bourbon), and filling containers to produce
935-699: A modern roadway along the route of the old Limestone Road. Users would be charged fees for maintenance and paying off the debt to shareholders . The act set aside blocks of shares for purchase by the federal government . Henry Clay , an influential Kentucky politician and proponent of the American System , argued for the Maysville Road and other infrastructure, noting it would be part of a longer road terminating in New Orleans, Louisiana , and proper for federal funding. In 1830, Congress passed
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#17327837830631020-451: A particular age duration is often the goal, as over-aging bourbons can negatively affect the flavor of the bourbon (making it taste woody, bitter, or unbalanced). After maturing, bourbon is withdrawn from the barrel and is typically filtered and diluted with water. It is then bottled at no less than 80 US proof (40% abv). Although most bourbon whiskey is sold at 80 proof, bourbon can be bottled much higher. All " bottled in bond " bourbon
1105-612: A small distillery opened – a period of 95 years. Prohibition devastated the bourbon industry. With the ratification of the 18th amendment in 1919, all distilleries were forced to stop operating. Six companies were granted permits to bottle medicinal whiskey from existing stocks: A. Ph. Stitzel Distillery (later called the Stitzel–Weller Distillery ), American Medicinal Spirits (producer of Old Crow and Old Grand-Dad , sold in 1929 to National Distillers , now owned by Suntory Global Spirits ), Brown-Forman (still
1190-539: A superior taste because it was shipped in barrels, using water transport wherever practical. To test this theory, Jefferson's cofounder Trey Zoeller sent two barrels of the company's signature product to New York City via barge, first down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers and then along the Intracoastal Waterway . As a control, he brought a batch of the same whiskey that had remained in Louisville during
1275-528: A syndicate, known as the Miami Company , to buy the land. The original contract was for 1,000,000 acres (4,000 km), but the company couldn't afford to pay for the land, and paid for and received only 311,686 acres (1,261.35 km) in the southwest portion of the original tract. The land was 66 + 2 ⁄ 3 ¢ per acre. The tract is bordered on the south by the Ohio River , on the west by
1360-424: A toll. Those tolls were removed in 1945 to much fanfare - including celebrations from the local Rotary and Lions club, and a parade in downtown Maysville. Its main span is 323 meters (1,060 feet) long, and the total length of the bridge is 607 meters (1,991 feet). It connects Maysville with Aberdeen, Ohio . It is currently in use and is not slated for demolition, as the bridge was closed for refurbishment in 2001 after
1445-463: A total area of 21.35 square miles (55.3 km ), of which 18.97 square miles (49.1 km ) are land and 2.38 square miles (6.2 km ), or 11.13%, are water. Maysville is at Ohio River mile marker 408.7, and is 100 miles (160 km) downriver from Huntington, West Virginia , and 62 miles (100 km) upriver from Cincinnati, Ohio . Maysville lies on the border of the Humid subtropical and
1530-508: A traditional alembic (or pot still ) or the much less expensive continuous still . Most modern bourbons are initially run off using a column still and then redistilled in a "doubler" (alternatively known as a "thumper" or "retort") that is basically a pot still. The resulting clear spirit, called "white dog", is placed in charred new oak containers for aging. In practice, these containers are generally barrels made from American white oak . The spirit gains its color and much of its flavor from
1615-483: Is MGP of Indiana , which primarily wholesales its spirits products to bottling companies that sell them under about 50 different brand names – in some cases, misleadingly marketed as "craft" whiskey, despite being produced at a large wholesaler's factory. To be legally sold as bourbon, the whiskey's mash bill requires a minimum of 51% corn, with the remainder being any cereal grain. A proposed change to U.S. regulations will expand allowable "grains" to include seeds of
1700-522: Is apocryphal . Similarly, the Spears story is a local favorite but is rarely repeated outside the county. There likely was no single "inventor" of bourbon, which developed into its present form in the late 19th century. Essentially, any type of grain can be used to make whiskey, and the practice of aging whiskey and charring the barrels for better flavor had been known in Europe for centuries. The late date of
1785-412: Is straight bourbon, which has a minimum aging requirement of two years. In addition, any bourbon aged less than four years must include an age statement on its label. Bourbon that meets the above requirements, has been aged for a minimum of two years, and does not have added coloring, flavoring, or other spirits may be – but is not required to be – called straight bourbon. Bottled in bond bourbon
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#17327837830631870-453: Is 100 proof. Some higher-proof bottlings are marketed as " barrel proof " or "cask strength", meaning they have not been diluted or have been only slightly diluted (less than 1% ABV dilution) after removal from the barrels. Bourbon whiskey may be sold at less than 80 proof but must be labeled as "diluted bourbon". A very small number of bourbon bottlings have been released with exceptionally high proof, sometimes exceeding 140 proof (70% ABV). In
1955-569: Is a home rule-class city in Mason County , Kentucky , United States, and is the seat of Mason County. The population was 8,873 as of the 2020 census . Maysville is on the Ohio River , 66 miles (106 km) northeast of Lexington . It is the principal city of the Maysville Micropolitan Statistical Area , which comprises Mason County. Two bridges cross the Ohio from Maysville to Aberdeen, Ohio :
2040-406: Is a sub-category of straight bourbon that must be produced by a single distiller at a single distillery in a single season, aged at least four years in a bonded warehouse under federal control, and bottled at 100 proof (50% ABV). Bourbon that is labeled blended (or as a blend ) may contain added coloring, flavoring, and other spirits, such as un-aged neutral grain spirits, but at least 51% of
2125-536: Is also known as spent beer, distillers' spent grain , stillage, and slop or feed mash, so named because it is used as animal feed. The acid introduced when using the sour mash controls the growth of bacteria that could taint the whiskey and creates a proper pH balance for the yeast to work. Although many distilleries operated in Bourbon County historically, no distilleries operated there between 1919, when Prohibition began in Kentucky, and late 2014, when
2210-574: Is also used to describe the "Miami River Survey" a survey west of the Great Miami River ). Unfortunately, Symmes' men committed many errors while performing the survey, including using magnetic north rather than correcting for true north . Further, Symmes sold much land that he did not own, some as far north as Dayton , meaning that some early settlers found themselves squatters on the public domain . Symmes also sold some land that he did own more than once. Three settlements grew up in
2295-493: Is home to other major bourbon makers, although most prefer to call their product " Tennessee whiskey " instead, including giant Jack Daniel's . It is legally defined under Tennessee House Bill 1084, the North American Free Trade Agreement and at least one other international trade agreement as the recognized name for a straight bourbon whiskey produced in Tennessee. It is also required to meet
2380-417: Is prescribed – only that the product has been "stored at not more than 62.5% alcohol by volume (125 proof) in charred new oak containers". Bourbons gain more color and flavor the longer they age in wood. Changes to the spirit also occur due to evaporation and chemical processes such as oxidation . Lower-priced bourbons tend to be aged relatively briefly. Even for higher-priced bourbons, "maturity" rather than
2465-465: Is said to have been the first to age the product in charred oak casks, a process that gives bourbon its brownish color and distinctive taste. In Bourbon County , across the county line from Craig's distillery in what was then Fayette County , an early distiller named Jacob Spears has been named as the first to label his product as Bourbon whiskey. Although still popular and often repeated, the Craig legend
2550-513: Is the norm. They may not be reused for bourbon, and most are sold to distilleries in Canada, Scotland, Ireland, Mexico, and the Caribbean for aging other spirits. Some are employed in the manufacture of various barrel-aged products, including amateur and professionally brewed bourbon barrel-aged beer , barbecue sauce, wine, hot sauce, and others. Since 2011, Jim Beam has employed barrel rinsing on
2635-531: The Angel's share during aging. Although only the focus of special attention for bourbon since the mid-2010s, very-high-proof products are not especially novel in general, as evidenced by the well-known Bacardi 151 brand of rum , which was available on the U.S. and Canadian markets from about 1963 until 2016 and was bottled at 75.5% ABV. After processing, barrels remain saturated with up to 10 U.S. gallons (38 liters) of bourbon, although 2–3 U.S. gallons (8–11 liters)
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2720-796: The Great Miami River , and on the east by the Little Miami River . The northern boundary runs through Butler and Warren Counties about 25 miles north of the Ohio River. Sections of Todhunter and Garver Roads in Monroe , Monroe Road in Lebanon , and Oregonia Road in Turtlecreek Township run along the boundary. Deeds in this area will refer to the " Between the Miami Rivers Survey ", "M.Rs." or "M.R.S." (M.R.S.
2805-695: The Hot Summer Continental climate zones. Maysville's average yearly precipitation is 46.02", falling primarily as rain or snow. Maysville's average yearly temperature is 54.4 °F, with the coolest lows averaging 22.2 °F in January, and highs averaging 87 °F in July. Mason County Schools operates public schools. Schools: Private: In 1990 the Maysville Independent School District merged into
2890-572: The Manhattan , the Old Fashioned , the whiskey sour , and the mint julep . Bourbon is also used in cooking , and it was historically used for medicinal purposes. Bourbon can be used in a variety of confections such as a banana bourbon syrup for waffles , a flavoring for chocolate cake , and fruit-based desserts like grilled peach sundaes served with salted bourbon- caramel or brown sugar shortcake with warmed bourbon peaches . It
2975-588: The Maysville & Lexington Railroad began operation, but it failed within the decade. Successor companies maintained the connection until 1921 when they were bought out by the L&;N . Today, the Maysville & Lexington's former routes and rights-of-way are owned by CSX Transportation . The Simon Kenton Memorial Bridge is a suspension bridge built in 1931 crossing the Ohio River and originally opened with
3060-574: The Simon Kenton Memorial Bridge built in 1931 and the William H. Harsha Bridge built in 2001. On the edge of the outer Bluegrass Region , Maysville is historically important in Kentucky's settlement. Frontiersmen Simon Kenton and Daniel Boone are among the city's founders. Later, Maysville became an important port on the Ohio River for the northeastern part of the state. It exported bourbon whiskey , hemp and tobacco ,
3145-401: The William H. Harsha Bridge was completed. The Simon Kenton Suspension Bridge opened to traffic at 10:30 AM on November 25, 1931, at a cost of $ 1.6 million (~$ 25.8 million in 2023). In 2002, a $ 5.8 million renovation job replaced the deck of the Ohio River crossing. A fresh coat of battleship gray paint was also applied. The Russell Theatre , located on Third Street in Maysville, was
3230-494: The caramelized sugars and vanillins in the charred wood. Straight bourbon must be aged at least two years, and blended bourbon must contain at least 51% straight bourbon on a proof gallon basis (i.e., most of the alcohol in the blend must be from straight bourbon). The remainder of the spirits in a blended bourbon may be neutral grain spirits that are not aged at all. If a product is labeled merely as bourbon whiskey rather than straight or blended, no specific minimum aging period
3315-412: The poverty line , including 27.1% of those under age 18 and 16.2% of those age 65 or over. Maysville is located on the Ohio River at the mouth of Limestone Creek. It occupies the narrow river plain and the steep hills rising from it, giving the city the prospect of an Italian hill town . The city now extends inland to the former town of Washington , which was annexed by Maysville in 1990. The city has
3400-495: The 1964 resolution did not contain such a statement; it declared bourbon to be a distinctive product identifiable with the U.S. (in a similar way that Scotch is considered identifiable with Scotland). The resolution was passed again in 2008. As of 2018 , 95% of all bourbon is produced in Kentucky, according to the Kentucky Distillers' Association. As of 2018 , there were 68 whiskey distilleries in Kentucky, this
3485-467: The 90s. There is a common misconception that bourbon can only be distilled in Kentucky. Even though bourbon was strongly associated with the South, it was also a symbol of urbanization and sophistication due to a large percentage of consumers belonging to the middle- to upper-class, including business and community leaders. Bourbon was recognized in 1964 by the U.S. Congress as a "distinctive product of
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3570-576: The Bourbon County etymology has led historian Michael Veach to dispute its authenticity. He proposes the whiskey was named after Bourbon Street in New Orleans , a major port where shipments of Kentucky whiskey sold well as a cheaper alternative to French cognac . Another proposed origin of the name is the association with the geographic area known as Old Bourbon , consisting of the original Bourbon County in Virginia organized in 1785. This region included much of today's Eastern Kentucky, including 34 of
3655-560: The House of Bourbon. The name bourbon might not have been used until the 1850s, and the association with Bourbon County was not evident until the 1870s. Although bourbon may be made anywhere in the U.S, it is strongly associated with the Southern United States , particularly Kentucky . One reason for this strong association is the romanticized advertising of bourbon as a product of Kentucky with rural, Southern origins in
3740-601: The Kentucky Bourbon Festival organizers who have registered the phrase as a trademark . The Kentucky Bourbon Trail is the name of a tourism promotion program organized by the Kentucky Distillers' Association that is aimed at attracting visitors to the distilleries in Kentucky, particularly Four Roses ( Lawrenceburg ), Heaven Hill ( Bardstown ), Jim Beam ( Clermont ), Maker's Mark ( Loretto ), Town Branch ( Lexington ), Wild Turkey ( Lawrenceburg ), and Woodford Reserve ( Versailles ). Tennessee
3825-541: The Mason County school district. Maysville has a lending library , the Mason County Public Library. From 1887 to 1905, Maysville was home to The Evening Bulletin , a newspaper published by Rosser & McCarthy. The Ledger Independent is the local newspaper and is published five days a week. WFTM-AM and WFTM-FM are the primary local radio stations in Maysville. The AM station is
3910-478: The Ohio Valley as a hunting ground. European-American settlers traveling down the Ohio in the 18th century and early 19th century found a natural harbor at Limestone Creek. The buffalo trace, also a well-used trail traveled for centuries by Native Americans , was a natural path into the bluegrass region, extending all the way to Lexington, Kentucky . Frontiersman Simon Kenton made the first settlement in
3995-467: The U.S. Congress declared bourbon whiskey as a "distinctive product of the United States" by concurrent resolution. Bourbon may be produced anywhere in the U.S. where it is legal to distill spirits, but most brands are produced in Kentucky, where bourbon production has a strong historical association. The filtering of iron-free water through the high concentrations of limestone that are unique to
4080-754: The U.S. following the law of the country. However, in other countries, products labeled bourbon may not adhere to the same standards. For example, U.S.-produced products with somewhat lower alcohol content than the level required in the United States can be sold in Australia as bourbon, with Cougar Bourbon being an example of an export-only brand produced in the U.S. for the Australia market. The Federal Standards of Identity for Distilled Spirits, codified under 27 CFR §5 Subpart I states that bourbon made for U.S. consumption must be: Bourbon has no minimum specified duration for its aging period. Products aged for as little as three months are sold as bourbon. The exception
4165-499: The U.S. may be labeled bourbon or sold as bourbon inside the U.S. Various other countries have trade agreements with the U.S. to recognize bourbon as a distinctive product of the U.S., including Canada and Mexico, the United Kingdom, Chile, and Brazil. A 2016 experiment by Louisville craft distiller Jefferson's Bourbon suggests that in the era before whiskey was routinely bottled at the distillery, Kentucky bourbon developed
4250-512: The U.S. was about $ 2.7 billion, and bourbon made up about two thirds of the $ 1.6 billion of U.S. exports of distilled spirits. According to the Distilled Spirits Council of the United States , in 2018 U.S. distillers derived $ 3.6 billion in revenue from bourbon and Tennessee whiskey (a closely related spirit produced in the state of Tennessee ). Distilling was most likely brought to present-day Kentucky in
4335-503: The U.S., generating almost $ 2.7 billion in wholesale distillery revenue. U.S. exports of bourbon whiskey surpassed $ 1 billion for the first time in 2013; distillers hailed the rise of a "golden age of Kentucky bourbon" and predicted further growth. In 2014, it was estimated that U.S. bourbon whiskey exports surpassed $ 1 billion, making up the majority of the U.S. total of $ 1.6 billion in spirits exports. Major export markets for U.S. spirits are, in descending order: Canada,
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#17327837830634420-589: The United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, and France. The largest percentage increases in U.S. exports were, in descending order: Brazil, the Dominican Republic, Bahamas, Israel, and United Arab Emirates. Key elements of growth in the markets showing the largest increases have been changes of law, trade agreements, and reductions of tariffs, as well as increased consumer demand for premium-category spirits. Bourbon's legal definition varies somewhat from country to country, but many trade agreements require that
4505-427: The United States". Bourbon sold in the U.S. must be produced within the U.S. from at least 51% corn and stored in a new container of charred oak . This distinctive American liquor was heavily consumed by Americans in the 1990s. In 1964, Americans consumed around 77 million gallons of bourbon. Bourbon has been distilled since the 18th century. As of 2014 , distillers' wholesale market revenue for bourbon sold within
4590-506: The area in 1775, but temporarily abandoned that to fight in the western battles of the American Revolution . Returning in 1784, Kenton built a blockhouse at the site of Maysville and founded Kenton's Station (frontier fort) at a site 3 miles (5 km) inland. Kenton met new settlers at Limestone, as the landing place was called, and escorted them inland to his station. In 1786 the village which grew up near Kenton's Station
4675-812: The area in 1788, all near the Ohio River: Losantiville , North Bend , and Columbia . Losantiville was renamed Cincinnati in 1789 by Arthur St. Clair , governor of the Northwest Territory . They were among the earliest settlements in Ohio and the Northwest Territory. In 1789, Fort Washington was built in the reserved portion of the Purchase to protect the fledgling settlements. 39°15′N 84°30′W / 39.250°N 84.500°W / 39.250; -84.500 Maysville, Kentucky Maysville
4760-468: The area is often touted by bourbon distillers in Kentucky as a signature step in the bourbon-making process. On August 2, 2007, the U.S. Senate passed a resolution sponsored by Senator Jim Bunning (R-KY) officially declaring September 2007 to be National Bourbon Heritage Month , commemorating the history of bourbon whiskey. Notably, the resolution claimed that Congress had declared bourbon to be "America's Native Spirit" in its 1964 resolution. However,
4845-446: The barge trip led to a dramatic improvement in smoothness and taste. Chemical analysis of the two samples revealed significant differences in molecular profiles, with the sample transported by water having a greater diversity of aromatic compounds. Bourbon is served in a variety of manners, including neat ; diluted with water; over ice ("on the rocks"); with cola or other beverages in simple mixed drinks; and in cocktails – including
4930-556: The city one of the few towns located at the intersection of four consecutively numbered highways. Bourbon whiskey Bourbon whiskey ( / b ɜːr b ən / ) (or simply bourbon ) is a barrel-aged American whiskey made primarily from corn (maize). The name derives from the French House of Bourbon , although the precise source of inspiration is uncertain; contenders include Bourbon County, Kentucky , and Bourbon Street in New Orleans , both of which are named after
5015-399: The city was 86.00% White , 11.54% African American , 0.14% Native American , 0.60% Asian , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 0.50% from other races , and 1.18% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.86% of the population. There were 3,856 households, out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 14.0% had
5100-439: The controversy over the Maysville Road veto continued for some time. The turnpike was completed in 1835 with funding from local entities and private investment. It was the first macadamized road in the state. Today it is U.S. Route 68 . By the 1830s, Maysville had a population of 3,000 and was the second-most important commercial city in Kentucky after Louisville . Washington, the county seat, had dwindled in importance after
5185-488: The definition of bourbon for whiskey to only include spirits produced in the U.S. In recent years, bourbon and Tennessee whiskey , which is sometimes regarded as a different type of spirit but generally meets the legal requirements to be called bourbon, have enjoyed significant growth in popularity. The industry trade group Distilled Spirits Council of the United States (DISCUS) tracks sales of bourbon and Tennessee whiskey together. According to DISCUS, during 2009–2014,
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#17327837830635270-441: The final product that is marketed to consumers. By itself, the phrase "bottled by" means only that. Only if the bottler operates the distillery that produced the whiskey may "distilled by" be added to the label. Labeling requirements for bourbon and other alcoholic beverages (including the requirements for what is allowed to be called bourbon under U.S. law) are defined in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations. No whiskey made outside
5355-586: The first counties they founded covered vast regions. One of these original, huge counties was Bourbon, established in 1785 and named after the French royal family . While this vast county was being carved into many smaller ones, early in the 19th century, many people continued to call the region Old Bourbon . Located within Old Bourbon was the principal port on the Ohio River , Maysville, Kentucky , from which whiskey and other products were shipped. "Old Bourbon"
5440-486: The late 18th century by Scots, Scots-Irish , and other settlers (including English, Irish, Welsh, German, and French) who began to farm the area in earnest. The origin of bourbon as a distinct form of whiskey is not well documented and there are many conflicting legends and claims. For example, the invention of bourbon is often attributed to Elijah Craig , a Baptist minister and distiller credited with many Kentucky firsts (e.g., fulling mill , paper mill , ropewalk ) who
5525-480: The latter two produced mainly by African American slaves before the Civil War . It was once a center of wrought iron manufacture, sending ironwork downriver to decorate the buildings of Cincinnati, Ohio , and New Orleans, Louisiana . Other small manufacturers also located early in Maysville, and manufacturing remains an important part of the modern economy. Under the leadership of Henry Means Walker, Maysville
5610-545: The legal definition of bourbon under Canadian law. Although some Tennessee whiskey makers maintain that a pre-aging filtration through chunks of maple charcoal, known as the Lincoln County Process and legally mandated since 2013, make its flavor distinct from bourbon, U.S. regulations defining bourbon neither require nor prohibit its use. Bourbon also was and is made in other U.S. states. The largest bourbon distiller outside of Kentucky and Tennessee
5695-484: The mid-2010s, some sources began referring to these as "hazmat" bourbons, alluding to the ban in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations on air travel passengers and crew members carrying such high-proof beverages due to their highly flammable nature. Such high proof levels are very uncommon even among "barrel proof" bourbons, as bourbon must enter the barrel at no higher than 125 proof and thus can only reach higher concentrations by disproportionate evaporation of water in
5780-562: The modern counties. It included the current Bourbon County in Kentucky, which became a county when Kentucky separated from Virginia as a new state in 1792. Numerous newspaper articles reference whiskey from Bourbon County, Kentucky dating as far back as 1824. According to the whiskey writer Charles K. Cowdery, When American pioneers pushed west of the Allegheny Mountains following the American Revolution ,
5865-431: The name "bourbon" be reserved for products made in the U.S. The U.S. regulations for labeling and advertising bourbon apply only to products made for consumption within the U.S.; they do not apply to distilled spirits made for export. Canadian law requires products labeled bourbon to be made in the U.S. and also to conform to the requirements that apply within the U.S. The European Union also requires bourbon to be made in
5950-456: The national passenger rail system, provides service to Maysville with the thrice-weekly Cardinal . Maysville City Transit provides fixed-route and demand-ride bus service throughout city of Maysville. The system is made up of a single fixed route that operates daily, running once an hour from 6:00 AM – 6:00 PM. The city has been running the system since 1960. The following highways serve Maysville: US 62 and 68 also provide Maysville with
6035-474: The product must be straight bourbon. "High rye bourbon" is not a legally defined term but usually means a bourbon with 20–35% rye in its mash bill . High-wheat or "wheated" bourbons are described as more mild and subdued compared to high-rye varieties. Bourbon that has been aged for less than three years cannot legally be referred to as whiskey (or whisky) in the European Union . On May 4, 1964,
6120-424: The pseudocereals amaranth, buckwheat, and quinoa. A mash bill that contains wheat instead of rye produces what is known as a wheated bourbon. The grain is ground and mixed with water. Usually mash from a previous distillation is added to ensure consistency across batches, creating a sour mash. Finally, yeast is added, and the mash is fermented . It is distilled to (typically) between 65% and 80% alcohol using either
6205-421: The river. By 1807, Maysville was one of two principal ports in Kentucky; it was still mostly a place through which goods and people passed, having only about sixty dwellings. In 1811, the first steamboat came down the Ohio from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania , passing Maysville on its way to New Orleans . With the coming of the steamboat, Maysville's population and area expanded rapidly. Southwest from Maysville,
6290-575: The road followed the former buffalo trace and Native American trail to Lexington. It was called both the Maysville Road and the Limestone Road. It was maintained by the various counties through which it passed with local labor from the county levies. The road was rough and during certain seasons practically impassable. In 1829, the Kentucky legislature authorized the Maysville, Washington, Paris, and Lexington Turnpike Road Company to construct
6375-422: The same period. According to Popular Mechanics writer Jacqueline Detwiler-George, who documented the test, the sample that made the waterborne journey "was mature beyond its age, richer, with new flavors of tobacco, vanilla, caramel, and honey. It was some of the best bourbon any of us had ever drunk." It was theorized that the action of gentle sloshing of the whiskey in barrels for a period of 2 to 4 weeks during
6460-593: The site of the world premiere of Rosemary Clooney 's first film, The Stars Are Singing , in 1953. The Russell Theatre is an atmospheric theatre , and featured a large rainbow that would light up before and after the showing of each movie. The theatre is now undergoing the second phase of a restoration project that began in 2008. Organizers plan to revive the Russell as a movie and film venue, with emphasis on themed movie marathons, classics, documentaries, art films and other movies not available at mainstream cinemas. In
6545-537: The summer of 1998, a series of historical murals was begun on the downtown floodwall. Over the next ten years, Robert Dafford and his team painted ten murals exploring the history of Maysville on various sections of the floodwall. As of the census of 2000, there were 7,323 people, 3,856 households, and 2,406 families residing in the city. The population density was 451.6 inhabitants per square mile (174.4/km ). There were 4,416 housing units at an average density of 221.8 per square mile (85.6/km ). The racial makeup of
6630-430: The volume of 9-liter cases of whiskey increased by 28.5% overall. Higher-end bourbon and whiskeys experienced the greatest growth. Gross supplier revenues (including federal excise tax ) for U.S. bourbon and Tennessee whiskey increased by 46.7% over the 2009–2014 period, with the greatest growth coming from high-end products. In 2014, more than 19 million nine-liter cases of bourbon and Tennessee whiskey were sold in
6715-406: Was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.7 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 27,813, and the median income for a family was $ 37,684. Males had a median income of $ 31,975 versus $ 20,775 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 16,836. About 14.4% of families and 18.9% of the population were below
6800-479: Was established by act of the Virginia General Assembly as the town of Washington . By this time, John May had acquired the land at Limestone and Daniel Boone established a trading post and tavern there. In 1787 the little settlement was incorporated as Maysville, though the name "Limestone" persisted well into the 19th century. In 1788, when Mason County was organized and Washington
6885-537: Was home to one of the largest tobacco auction warehouses in the world for most of the 20th century. Maysville was an important stop on the Underground Railroad , as the free state of Ohio was just across the river. Abolitionist author Harriet Beecher Stowe visited the area in 1833 and watched a slave auction in front of the court house in Washington , the original seat of the county and now
6970-510: Was named its county seat, Maysville was still a primitive site of warehouses and wharves, with few dwellings. In 1795, the conclusion of the Northwest Indian War reduced the likelihood of Indian attacks from across the Ohio. Maysville began to flourish. Zane's Trace , a road from Wheeling, Virginia (now West Virginia), to the bank of the Ohio River opposite Maysville, was completed in 1797 and stimulated ferry traffic across
7055-655: Was shut down completely again in 1941 to reserve production capacity for making industrial alcohol during World War II . A concurrent resolution adopted by the United States Congress in 1964 declared bourbon to be a "distinctive product of the United States" and asked "the appropriate agencies of the United States Government ... [to] take appropriate action to prohibit importation into the United States of whiskey designated as 'Bourbon Whiskey'." A U.S. federal regulation now restricts
7140-403: Was stencilled on the barrels to indicate their port of origin. Old Bourbon whiskey was different because it was the first corn whiskey most people had ever tasted. In time, bourbon became the name for any corn-based whiskey. A refinement often dubiously credited to James C. Crow is the sour mash process, which conditions each new fermentation with some amount of spent mash. Spent mash
7225-535: Was up 250 percent in the past ten years. At that time, the state had more than 8.1 million barrels of bourbon that were aging – a number that greatly exceeds the state's population of about 4.3 million. Bardstown, Kentucky , is home to the annual Bourbon Festival held each September. It has been called the "Bourbon Capital of the World" by the Bardstown Tourism Commission and
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