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40-762: The Phi Pan Nam Range runs across the province from north to south. The city of Phayao is on Phayao Lake (Kwan Phayao) in the valley of the Ing River . Three big mountains surround the valley, the Doi Luang (1,694 m), Doi Khun Mae Fat (1,550 m) and Doi Khun Mae Tam (1,330 m). The total forest area is 3,182 km (1,229 sq mi) or 51.4 percent of provincial area. There are a total of five national parks, four of which are in region 15 (Chiang Rai) and Tham Sakoen in region 13 (Phrae) of Thailand's protected areas. There are two wildlife sanctuaries in region 15 (Chiang Rai) of Thailand's protected areas. Phayao

80-481: A frontier city against the Burmese army located at Chiang Saen . In 1897 it became part of the province of Chiang Rai. On 28 August 1977, Phayao was separated from Chiang Rai and became a province of its own. The provincial seal shows Buddha , representing the famous Buddha image in the temple Wat Si Khom Kham called Phra Chao Ton Luang . Behind him are seven flames showing the glory of Buddha. In front of Buddha

120-601: A sitting Buddha with a lap width of 16 meters and height of 18 meters. It is said that it took no fewer than 33 years to complete. Ho Watanatham Nithat (หอวัฒนธรรมนิทัศน์) . The indigenous museum deals with the history and ancient relics of Phayao, including native culture and traditions and creativity. Wat Lee or Wiang Phayao Museum (พิพิธภัณฑ์เวียงพยาว (วัดลี)) Wat Lee is a Buddhist Temple which contains local history of Phayao. The museum contains more than 5000 pieces of historical object such as Sandstone Buddha Figure, 500 year-old Sandstone inscriptions, plam leaf menuscripts and

160-540: Is a national park in Dok Khamtai , Pong and Chiang Muan Districts , Phayao Province , Thailand . The national park, with an area of 537,424 rai ~ 860 square kilometres (330 sq mi) is located in two mountain chains of the Phi Pan Nam Range , Mae Yom and Nampi, with a not-protected area in between. There are both mixed evergreen forests , dipterocarp forest and dry deciduous forests in

200-617: Is a 400 km (249 mi) long system of mountain ranges in the eastern half of the Thai highlands . The range lies mostly in Thailand , although a small section in the northeast is within Sainyabuli and Bokeo provinces of Laos . In Thailand the range extends mainly across Chiang Rai , Phayao , Lampang , Phrae , Nan , Uttaradit and Sukhothai Provinces , reaching Tak Province at its southwestern end. The population density of

240-484: Is a beautiful and tall waterfall amid natural surroundings. Ban Tham Indigenous Cultural Centre (ศูนย์วัฒนธรรมพื้นบ้านบ้านถ้ำ) It has a large collection of native agricultural tools and implements as well as ancient objects from which the cultural lifestyle of the Lanna people in the past can be studied. Doi Phu Nang National Park (อุทยานแห่งชาติดอยภูนาง) A variety of birds are found, especially peacocks which come to

280-480: Is a bowl and two ears of rice. The provincial tree is Mammea siamensis . The Mekong giant catfish ( Pangasianodon gigas ) is the provincial aquatic life. The province is subdivided into nine districts ( amphoe ). These are further divided into 68 subdistricts ( tambon ) and 632 villages ( muban ). As of 26 November 2019 there are: one Phayao Provincial Administration Organisation ( ongkan borihan suan changwat ) and 35 municipal ( thesaban ) areas in

320-591: Is bound by the Mekong River . There are columnar basalt formations in Mon Hin Kong ( Thai : ม่อนหินกอง ) in an area in the mountains near Na Phun, Wang Chin District , Phrae Province. In Phae Mueang Phi there are mushroom rocks and other bizarre rock formations caused by erosion . The Phi Pan Nam range system is often divided into two physiographic longitudinal sections: The highest point

360-617: Is composed of many smaller mountain chains roughly aligned in a north–south direction in its northern part and, further south, in a northeast–southwest direction. These ranges cover an extensive area and are often separated by intermontane basins or lowlands. They end in the west with the Khun Tan Range , in the east with the Luang Prabang Range , and with the Central Plain of Siam in the south. The northern tip

400-637: Is fed by a hot spring on the mountain which flows into the brook before cascading over the falls. Phu Lang Ka Forest Park is in Chiang Kham District and Pong District. It is around 900–1,720 metres above sea level. The main attractions are: Doi Hua Ling , Doi Phu Lang Ka and Doi Phu Nom . Products made from water hyacinths. Hand-made cotton (ผ้าฝ้ายทอมือ) is a handicraft of the Thai Lue people. Sacrificial Combined Force 2324 Monument Fair (งานฉลองอนุสรณ์ผู้เสียสละพลเรือน ตำรวจ ทหาร 2324)

440-470: Is held annually at the end of January until the beginning of February at the memorial near the Chiang Kham Airport, Tambon Chiang Ban, Amphoe Chiang Kham. It is a merit making ceremony dedicated to the civilians, policemen, and soldiers, who died in their fighting with communist insurgents in 1980-early 1981 (2523-early 2524 B.E.). It is a charity fair to raise money to assist the descendants of

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480-606: Is held on 9 April every year at Wiang Lo Ancient Town, Ban Huai Ngio, Amphoe Chun, with an aim to pay respect to the Wiang Lo ancestors and to create folk consciousness to cherish and preserve the site. In the event, there are parades, light and sound presentations, a procession inviting the spirits of Wiang Lo's past kings, khantok dinner at night, as well as cultural performances. Phayao Lychee and Quality Products Fair (งานเทศกาลลิ้นจี่ และของดีเมืองพะเยา) takes place in May every year at

520-675: Is now a historical site and a forest park at Doi Phaya Phipak, also known as Phaya Phipak. A controversial dam was planned in the central area of the range on the Yom River in Kaeng Suea Ten in 1991 but this project was later abandoned in the face of popular opposition. The debate about the dam, however, resumed in 2011. Two smaller dams on the Yom River may be built instead of the Kaeng Suea Ten mega-dam. Generally

560-432: Is regarded as the most beautiful anywhere. Wat Phra That Chomthong (วัดพระธาตุจอมทอง) Surrounded by an arboretum, the temple offers a panoramic view of the town and the lake. Wat Analyo (วัดอนาลโย) Covering an extensive area, cool and shady under leafy canopies of large trees it features buildings and sculptures of religion-based characters by contemporary craftsmen of great skill. Namtok Champa Thong (น้ำตกจำปาทอง)

600-429: Is the 1,694 metres (5,558 ft) high summit known as Doi Luang . It is in the northwestern area of the range near Phayao town, but there are a number of lesser mountains with the name ' Doi Luang ' throughout the range. Other noteworthy peaks are: The Phi Pan Nam range of mountains is not as high as neighboring mountain systems. It is, however, significant from the hydrographic point of view. These mountains divide

640-555: The Bengal monitor deserve mention. A variety of birds are found in the range such as the blue-winged siva , white-rumped shama , scaly-breasted munia , black bulbul , blue-throated barbet , pin-striped tit-babbler , blue-bearded bee-eater , crested kingfisher , sooty-headed bulbul , coppersmith barbet , great hornbill , chestnut-headed bee-eater and the red-billed blue magpie . Doi Phu Nang National Park Doi Phu Nang National Park ( Thai : อุทยานแห่งชาติดอยภูนาง )

680-799: The Mekong from the Chao Phraya watershed and important rivers of Thailand have their source in the Phi Pan Nam area. Its name in Thai "ทิวเขาผีปันน้ำ" roughly means "the mountains of the spirits dividing the waters", 'spirits' (ผี phi ) here referring to ancient mountain deities of Thai folklore . Among the Thai rivers that originate in the Phi Pan Nam Mountains the main ones are the Wang and Yom River , with their tributaries such as

720-679: The Ngao , flowing towards the Chao Phraya. The Ing and the Lao , a tributary of the Kok River , flow northwards and are part of the Mekong basin. A great number of smaller rivers have their sources in mountains across the range. The Sirikit Dam is at the southeastern edge of the Phi Pan Nam mountains. There were formerly large teak forests in some areas of the range. However, at the beginning of

760-620: The Northern Line across the Phi Pan Nam mountains. Both are on the south side of the range: the 130.2 m Huai Mae Lan Tunnel in Phrae Province and the 362.4 m Khao Phlueng Tunnel in Uttaradit and Phrae Provinces. In the mountains north of Thoeng , at the northeast end of the range, Hmong people live in small villages such as Ban Saen Than Sai and Ban Phaya Phripak, the latter on top of a mountain pass. The Phi Pan Nam Range

800-693: The Wiang Ko Sai National Park but there have been no sightings in recent years. The green peafowl , now rare in the wilderness and threatened by habitat destruction throughout Southeast Asia , breeds in the central mountains of the range from January to March. Among the other animals, the Indian muntjac , Burmese hare , Indian hare , Indochinese flying squirrel , black giant squirrel , Java mouse-deer , jungle cat , mainland serow , masked palm civet , Asian palm civet , Malayan civet , bamboo rat and northern treeshrew , as well as

840-787: The hill tribe people, which are a winter tradition, are performed. Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017. 19°11′30″N 99°52′46″E  /  19.19167°N 99.87944°E  / 19.19167; 99.87944 Phi Pan Nam Range The Phi Pan Nam Range , also Pee Pan Nam , ( Thai : ทิวเขาผีปันน้ำ , pronounced [tʰīw kʰǎw pʰǐː pān náːm] )

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880-456: The 20th century concessions were given to logging companies and the forest cover dwindled dramatically especially in lowland areas between ranges. Deforestation also has affected areas that were cleared for local agriculture. Often wildfires are deliberately set off by local farmers, as well as by speculators who hire people to set forests on fire in order to claim land title deeds for the areas that have become " degraded forest ". Owing to

920-609: The Buddhist Lent Day at the ground behind the municipality office and in every district. Beautifully engraved candles are brought to participate in the parade. Various cultural shows are performed, as well as, the contest for the most beautiful candle is organized. After the contest, all the candles are offered to the temples. Hilltribe Traditional Festival (งานประเพณีชาวเขา) is held in December every year at Tambon Rom Yen, Amphoe Chiang Kham. Traditional dances and games of

960-531: The Thai Lue people. In the event, people will dress up in the traditional costume. Also, there will be a cotton spinning demonstration, dessert making, Lue singing, Choeng or martial art dance, and Makon game. Songkran Festival (Pi Mai Mueang) (งานประเพณีสงกรานต์-ปี๋ใหม่เมือง) is held during 13–16 April every year behind the Mueang Phayao Municipality and in every district. Pu Cha Phaya Lo Fair (Bucha Phra Lo) (ประเพณีปู่จาพญาลอ-บูชาพระลอ)

1000-660: The area is relatively low. Only two sizable towns, Phayao and Phrae , are within the area of the mountain system and both have fewer than 20,000 inhabitants each. Larger towns, like Chiang Rai and Uttaradit , are near the limits of the Phi Pan Nam Range, in the north and in the south, respectively. Phahonyothin Road , part of the AH2 Highway system, crosses the Phi Pan Nam Range area from north to south, between Tak and Chiang Rai. There are two railway tunnels of

1040-586: The deceased. Other activities include games, performances, exhibitions and various booths of the governmental authorities. Winter and Red Cross Fair (งานฤดูหนาวและงานกาชาด) is held at the end of December until the beginning of January every year at the ground near the Phayao Bus Terminal. In the event, there is a fair full of booths from the governmental and private authorities, contests, as well as, various games. Cassie Flower Blooming Day (งานวันดอกคำใต้บาน) takes place on 14 February every year at

1080-457: The forested areas of the Phi Pan Nam are known for their teak and bamboo forest. The mountain ranges are covered with tropical dry broadleaf forests , including sections of moist evergreen forest , mixed deciduous forest , dry deciduous forest , as well as hill evergreen forest at higher altitudes. There is great biodiversity in these mountains and their few unspoilt valleys, with a wide range of animal and plant species. The whole area of

1120-595: The fragmented, although relatively undisturbed Phi Pan Nam forests are the fishing cat , sun bear , Asiatic black bear , Chinese pangolin , Indochinese tiger , sambar deer , gaur , Bengal slow loris , Sunda pangolin , as well as the Asiatic softshell turtle and the big-headed turtle . There are also Asian elephants in their natural habitat in a few protected areas, such as in the Si Satchanalai National Park . Formerly there were also in

1160-475: The ground behind the Mueang Phayao Municipality. In the event, there are fairs offering lychees and quality products of Phayao and a lychee beauty pageant. Sky Rocket Festival (งานทำบุญบั้งไฟ) is held in June every year at Tambon Ang Thong, Amphoe Chiang Kham. In the festival, there is a traditional dance procession and sky rocket contest. Candle Procession Festival (งานแห่เทียนพรรษา) takes place one day before

1200-703: The ground in front of the Dok Khamtai District Office. Activities are the handicraft contests and sales of souvenirs. Pho khun Ngam Mueang Fair (งานบวงสรวงพ่อขุนงำเมือง) on 5 March every year at the Pho khun Ngam Mueang Monument with a procession of the worship offerings. Thai Lue Cultural Festival (งานสืบสานตำนานไทลื้อ) happens at the beginning of March every year at the Wat Phrathat Sop Waen, Amphoe Chiang Kham, consisting of folk games, cultural performances, as well as, lifestyle of

1240-819: The influence of the edge effect . Besides the national parks and wildlife reserves, there are the Huai Tak Teak Biosphere Reserve in Lampang Province and the Phu Langka Forest Park , located in Chiang Kham District and Pong District of Phrae Province. The main attractions of the forest park are Doi Hua Ling , Doi Phu Lang Ka and Doi Phu Nom ; the latter is a breast-shaped hill rising in an area of grassland . Formerly there were large extensions of teak ( Tectona grandis ) forests in

Phayao province - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-425: The local people. To protect the lake from pollution, motor boats are not allowed on the lake. The Pho Khun Ngam Mueang Memorial (อนุสาวรีย์พ่อขุนงำเมือง) commemorates a former king of Phayao, or Phu Kam Yao, who was in power some 700 years ago. During his reign, the state prospered and expanded its territory. Wat Si Khom Kham (วัดศรีโคมคำ) It houses the largest Buddha statue of Lanna Thai, Phra Chao Ton Luang,

1320-565: The local pottery. Kwan Phayao Pavilion and the Phayao Fresh-water Fishery Station (พระตำหนักกว๊านพะเยาและศูนย์วิจัยและพัฒนาประมงน้ำจืดพะเยา) is the first facility in the world to successfully breed pla buk, the Mekong giant catfish . There is an aquarium displaying many species of fish and water plants. The Chiang Saen-style Chedi at Wat Si Umong Kham (วัดศรีอุโมงคำ) is still in good condition. The Lanna-style Buddha statue, Phra Chao Lan Tu (พระเจ้าล้านตื้อ),

1360-502: The park area for breeding from January to March. The park also has a scenic waterfall called Namtok Than Sawan. Chiang Kham (เชียงคำ) is home to many Thai Lue people. An interesting temple in Chiang Kham is Wat Nantaram (วัดนันตาราม) , a Burmese-style site built entirely with teak. Another place of interest is Wat Phra That Sop Waen (วัดพระธาตุสบแวน) with its 700-year-old Lanna-style chedi. Namtok Phu Sang (น้ำตกภูซาง) It

1400-653: The park area. Doi Phu Nang , the mountain that gives its name to the park, with an altitude of 1,202 m, is the highest peak in the area. The sources of two tributaries of the Yom River are in this mountain. The park also has scenic rock formations and two impressive waterfalls , Namtok Than Sawan and Namtok Huai Ton Phueng. Trees in the protected area include Malabar ironwood , Afzelia xylocarpa , Lagerstroemia calyculata , Mangifera caloneura , Ailanthus triphysa , Michelia alba , Berrya ammonilla , Schleichera oleosa , Vitex pinnata and Pterocarpus macrocarpus . A variety of birds are found, especially

1440-423: The province. Phayao and Dok Khamtai have town ( thesaban mueang ) status. Further 33 subdistrict municipalities ( thesaban tambon ). The non-municipal areas are administered by 36 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO ( ongkan borihan suan tambon ). An extensive fresh-water lake, Kwan Phayao (กว๊านพะเยา) is the largest fresh-water fish habitat in the upper north which provides the livelihood of many of

1480-516: The range is part of the Central Indochina dry forests ecoregion . There are a number of protected areas in the Phi Pan Nam mountains, mostly encompassing mountainous terrain. These are patchily distributed across the range, and the largest national parks are in its central part, roughly around Phayao town. Protected sectors are typically surrounded by agricultural zones, often near roads and villages and thus with vast surfaces under

1520-996: The range, including the highly appreciated golden teak variety. These forests are now much reduced. Forest fires are common during the dry season. Some of the other species of trees found in the forests of the mountains are: Afzelia xylocarpa , Ailanthus triphysa , Anisoptera costata , Artocarpus lacucha , Berrya ammonilla , Betula alnoides , Cinnamomum iners , Dalbergia oliveri , Dillenia pentagyna , Dipterocarpus obtusifolius , Dipterocarpus alatus , Dipterocarpus turbinatus , Duabanga grandiflora , Garcinia indica , Hopea odorata , Irvingia malayana , Lagerstroemia loudonii , Lagerstroemia calyculata , Lagerstroemia tomentosa , Lithocarpus densiflorus , Mangifera caloneura , Michelia champaca , Michelia floribunda , Pterocarpus macrocarpus , Schleichera oleosa , Terminalia bellirica , Toona ciliata , Vitex pinnata and Xylia xylocarpa . The endangered animal species sheltered by some of

1560-597: The relative isolation of the area there was Communist insurgency in the mountainous forests of the Phi Pan Nam Range during the Cold War . A memorial was erected on 1,118 m high Doi Phaya Phipak (ดอยพญาพิภักดิ์) to commemorate the victims of the battles between troops of the Royal Thai Armed Forces and the insurgents of the Communist Party of Thailand between the 1950s and the 1970s. There

1600-556: Was founded in 1096 as a small city-state kingdom. In the 13th century it gained enough importance to be an equal partner with King Mangrai of Lan Na and the Sukhothai kingdom . However, a later king of Lanna and Nan captured Phayao in 1338, and made it part of Lanna. During the Burmese rule of Lanna, the city was deserted. In 1843 in the reign of King Rama III , Phayao was re-established along with Chiang Rai and Muang Ngao to be

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