59-548: Pivdennyi Bridge may refer to: Pivdennyi Bridge (Dnipro) , a bridge in Dnipro Pivdennyi Bridge (Kyiv) , a bridge in Kyiv Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Pivdennyi Bridge . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to
118-596: A disadvantage. In 1917 the city saw numerous meetings, rallies, meetings, conferences, congresses and demonstrations by political parties all over the political spectrum. Due to intense political agitation the newly formed factory committees and professional unions by autumn of 1917 mainly supported the Bolsheviks , significantly strengthening their positions. In June 1917 a Central Council ( Tsentralna Rada ) of Ukrainian parties in Kyiv declared Yekaterinoslav to be within
177-968: A parade of Ukrainian troops was held, organized by the Yekaterinoslav Ukrainian Military Council in support of the Third Universal of the Ukrainian Central Council , the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic. In the November 1917 elections to the Russian Constituent Assembly , the Bolsheviks secured just under 18 per cent of the vote in the Governorate , compared to 46 per cent for
236-719: A resolution on renaming Yekaterinoslav to the name Dnipropetrovsk in honour of the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets 's chairman of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee , Grigory Petrovsky . Petrovsky was present at this congress and he did "accept this honour with great gratitude." The resolution of the congress was approved by a resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet dated 20 July 1926. In
295-540: A resolution on renaming the city of Yekaterinoslav to the city of Krasnodniprovsk (and Yekaterinoslav Governorate to Krasnodniprovsk). Following this, many organizations and institutions began to name Yekaterinoslav Krasnodniprovsk in official documents, only to be reminded in the press that the renaming of settlements could only be decided by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet . In 1926 a provisional District Congress of Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Deputies adopted
354-605: A total of nine uyezds . In less than ten years the government of Azov once again was liquidated after it was merged along with the Novorossiysk Governorate into the Vice-royalty of Yekaterinoslav in 1783. The Azov Government along with Novorossiysk, Astrakhan, and Saratov governments united under the Potyomkin's Novorossiysk General Government The administration of the governorate was performed by
413-453: A town named Yekaterinoslav ( the glory of Catherine ), was built to the north of the present-day city at the confluence of the Samara and Kilchen rivers. The site was badly chosen – spring waters transformed the city into a bog. The surviving settlement was later renamed Novomoskovsk . The territory of modern Dnipro, despite the modern-day city's size, still has not expanded to encompass
472-683: A wave of strikes. In June 1920 Soviet authorities quelled one such protest by arresting 200 railway workers, of which 51 were sentenced to immediate execution. In 1922 the region was incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR , a constituent republic of the Soviet Union . In 1922 the Soviet government ordered that "all nationalized enterprises with names related to the Company or the Surname of
531-524: Is located in the eastern part of Ukraine, 391 km (243 mi) southeast of the Ukrainian capital Kyiv on the Dnipro River , after which its name is derived. Dnipro is the administrative centre of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast . It hosts the administration of Dnipro urban hromada . Dnipro has a population of 968,502 (2022 estimate). Archeological evidence suggests the site of the present city
590-545: The 1920s and 1930s dozens of streets, alleys, driveways, squares and parks continued to be renamed in the city, this continued in the 1940s and in subsequent years. By 1927 the industry of Dnipropetrovsk was completely rebuilt, and according to some indicators exceeded pre-war levels. Due to agrarian overpopulation, an influx of unemployed from other settlements, a higher birth rates among other reasons, both employment and unemployment in Dnipropetrovsk rose. In
649-540: The Holodomor of 1932–33. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast in the years 1932–33 lost 3.5 to 9.8 million people, making it one of the most affected areas of the famine. Azov Governorate Azov Governorate ( Russian : Азовская губерния , romanized : Azovskaya guberniya ) was an administrative-territorial unit ( guberniya ) of the Russian Empire , which existed from 1775 to 1783. Its capital
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#1732775778137708-549: The Russian Republic [REDACTED] Ukrainian State 1918 [REDACTED] Ukrainian People's Republic 1918–1920 [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 1920–1941 ∟ part of the Soviet Union from 1922 [REDACTED] Reichskommissariat Ukraine 1941–1944 ∟ part of German-occupied Europe [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 1944–1991 ∟ part of
767-543: The Soviet Union [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Ukraine 1991–present The first written mention of a town in the Russian Empire called Yekaterinoslav can be found in a report from Azov Governor Vasily Chertkov to Grigory Potemkin on 23 April 1776. He wrote "The provincial city called Yekaterinoslav should be the best convenience on the right side of the Dnieper River near Kaydak ..." (Which referred to New Kodak [ uk ] ). In 1777,
826-691: The Ukrainian Socialist Revolutionaries and their allies. On 22 November 1917 the Revolutionary Council and the city Duma pledged their allegiance to the Tsentralna Rada. The Bolsheviks then left these organisations. During December, the situation in the city worsened with both sides preparing for military action. On 26 December, the Bolsheviks defied an ultimatum from the Tsentralna Rada and after three days of fighting consolidated their control of
885-525: The ' Athens of southern Russia' ), courts of law and a botanical garden, were frustrated by a renewal of the Russo-Turkish war in 1787, by bureaucratic procrastination, defective workmanship, and theft, Potemkin's death in 1791 and that of his imperial patroness five years later. In 1815 a government official described the town as "more like some Dutch [Mennonite] colony then a provincial administrative centre". The cathedral, much reduced in size,
944-809: The Don Host . Some of the lands of the Azov Governorate had been acquired by Russia from the Ottoman Empire per the terms of the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (signed in 1774) that were lost in 1711 due to the Pruth River Campaign in the Romanian region. In terms of the modern administrative division of Russia, the southern part of Rostov Oblast was part of the second Azov Governorate. In terms of modern Ukraine, most of East Ukraine
1003-734: The Donbas coal deposits; and the Russian geologist Alexander Pol , who in 1866 had discovered the Krivoy Rog iron ore basin, Krivbass , during archaeological research. In 1884, a railway to supply pig iron foundries in Krivoy Rog with Donbass coal crossed the Dnieper at Yekaterinoslav. It proved a spur to further industrial development and to the creation of the new suburbs of Amur and Nyzhniodniprovsk . In 1897, Yekaterinoslav became
1062-644: The European Union. As a result of decommunization , the city was renamed Dnipro in 2016. Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Dnipro rapidly developed as a logistical hub for humanitarian aid and a reception point for people fleeing the various battle fronts. The original name of a Ukrainian Cossack city on the territory of modern Dnipro was Novyi Kodak ( Ukrainian : Новий Кодак [noˈʋɪj koˈdɑk] , New Kodak). Also on
1121-718: The Paleolithic period (7—3 thousand Anno Domini ) human settlements appear near the Aptekarska brook [ uk ] in what is now Chechelivskyi District and on Monastyrskyi Island . A Neolithic stonecrafter's house has been excavated in one of Dnipro's city parks. In the Bronze Age the area was settled by diverse tribes. Traces of Cimmerian settlements during the Bronze Age have been found near today's Taras Shevchenko Park . The area of modern Dnipro
1180-677: The UPR was brief: on 29 April 1918 intervention by the Central Powers saw the UPR replaced by the more pliant Ukrainian State or Hetmanate . On 18 May 1918 the Hetman of the Ukrainian State, Pavlo Skoropadskyi , ordered the previously nationalized enterprises returned to their former owners, and with the assistance of Austro-Hungarian troops the new authorities suppressed labor protest. On 23 December 1918, following their defeat by
1239-567: The UPR, the Whites ( Armed Forces of South Russia ), Nykyfor Hryhoriv 's peasant insurgents, Makhnovshchina (who returned twice), and the Bolsheviks, who reorganised as the Red Army, finally secured the city on 30 December 1919. The city had been extensively damaged and the population, which had stood at about 268,000 people in 1917, had dropped to under 190,000. In late May 1920 the food supply to Yekaterinoslav deteriorated, resulting in
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#17327757781371298-662: The Ukrainian Communist Party leader Grigory Petrovsky , it became a focus for the Stalinist commitment to the rapid development of heavy industry. After World War II , this included nuclear , arms , and space industries whose strategic importance led to Dnipropetrovsk's designation as a closed city . Following the Euromaidan events of 2014, the city politically shifted away from pro-Russian parties and figures towards those favoring closer ties with
1357-545: The Western Allies and after four days of insurgency within the city, German and Austro-Hungarian occupation forces withdrew. Four days later, Yekaterinoslav was stormed by the anarchist Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (the Makhnovshchina ), putting to flight forces loyal to the UPR's new Directorate . Over the course of the following year, city was to change hands several more times, contested between
1416-734: The Zaporozhian sloboda (or "free settlement") of Polovytsia located on the site of today's Central Terminal and the Ozyorka farmers market. In the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) , the Zaporozhian cossacks allied with Empress Catherine II . No sooner had they assisted the Russians to victory than they faced an imperial ultimatum to disband their confederation. The liquidation of the Sich destroyed their political autonomy and saw
1475-749: The armies of Kievan Rus' and Khazars , Pechenegs , Tork people and Cumans . In the 13th century the Dnieper region was devastated during the Mongol Empire conquest of Kievan Rus' . The area of modern Dnipro city was incorporated into the Mongol's khanate Golden Horde . In the 15th century the area became part of the Kiev Voivodeship (1471–1565) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth . Archeological finds in today's Dnipro's urban district Samarskyi District suggest that
1534-444: The bridging of the Dnieper in 1796, commerce was slow to develop. 1832 saw the establishment of the small Zaslavsky iron-casting factory, the town's first metallurgical enterprise. Industrialisation gathered apace in the 1880s with the establishment of the first railway connections. Rail construction responded to the enterprise of two men: John Hughes , a Welsh businessman who built an iron works at Yuzovka in 1869–72, and developed
1593-510: The city, and Russian workers employed in the large suburban factories. There was a wave of anti-Semitic attacks. With the army intervening against Jewish defense groups, about 100 Jews were killed and two hundred wounded. According to local historian Andrii Portnov , 40% of the local Yekaterinoslav population was Jewish in the years leading up to World War I . Directly following the Russian February Revolution , in
1652-516: The city. On 12 February they declared Yekaterinoslav part of a Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic , but the following month, under the terms of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk , conceded the territory to the German and Austrian -allied UPR. On 5 April 1918 the Imperial German army entered the city. Five hundred remaining Bolshevik Red Guards were publicly executed. The formal tenure of
1711-525: The city. A notable exception is the name of the surrounding province, which is listed in the territorial structure of Ukraine in the Constitution . Thus until a lengthy and complicated process of amending is carried out, it officially retains the name Dnipropetrovsk Oblast . Human settlements in current Dnipropetrovsk Oblast date from the Paleolithic era. According to archeological finds, in
1770-458: The community—members of whom had had the unpopular task of collecting government taxes and recruiting young men for the army — from communal violence. In 1883, three days of rioting destroyed Jewish business, and persuaded many to temporarily leave the city. There was a return of anti–Semitic incitement among the Christian public in 1904, but attacks on community were, at that time, suppressed on
1829-626: The course of her celebrated Crimean journey , the Empress laid the foundation stone of the Transfiguration Cathedral in the presence of Austrian Emperor Joseph II , Polish king Stanisław August Poniatowski , and the French and English ambassadors. Potemkin's grandiose plans for a third Russian imperial capital alongside Moscow and Saint Petersburg included a viceregal palace, a university (Potemkin envisioned Yekaterinoslav as
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1888-534: The fortress a settlement emerged that became a town in Kodak Palanka [ uk ; pl ] (province) of the Zaporizhian Sich called New Kodak [ uk ] . Cossacks often hid the true number of the population to reduce taxation and other obligations, but according to documentary evidence, it can be assumed that the population of New Kodak was at least 3,000 people. The fortress
1947-538: The idea of a town emerging in the 17th century from Cossack settlements, an approach aimed at promoting the city's Ukrainian identity. They cited the chronicler of the Zaporozhian Cossacks , Dmytro Yavornytsky , whose History of the City of Ekaterinoslav completed in 1940 was authorised for publication only in 1989, the era of Glasnost . While into the late nineteenth century the principal business of
2006-676: The important river crossing was a trading settlement from at least 1524. In 1635, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth built the Kodak Fortress above the Dnieper Rapids at Kodaky on the south-eastern outskirts of modern Dnipro near the current Kaidatsky Bridge , only to have it destroyed within months by the Cossacks of Ivan Sulyma . Rebuilt in 1645, it was captured by Zaporozhian Sich in 1648. Around
2065-486: The incorporation of their lands into the new governates of Novorossiya . In 1784, Catherine ordered the foundation of new city, commonly referred to at the time as Katerynoslav. In 2001 the seal of Kodak Palanka became the central element of Dnipro's coat of arms [ uk ] and Dnipro's official flag [ uk ] . [REDACTED] Russian Empire 1776–1917 [REDACTED] Ukrainian People's Republic 1917–1918 ∟ autonomous part of
2124-423: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pivdennyi_Bridge&oldid=1075430791 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Dnipro Dnipro is Ukraine 's fourth-largest city, with about one million inhabitants. It
2183-476: The late twenties, the authorities had to contend with growing labour unrest. "Do not strangle us, our children are dying of hunger, we have been placed in worse conditions than under the old regime" read one protest. The city figured prominently in Stalin 's Five-Year Plans for industrialisation. In 1932, Dnipropetrovsk's regional metallurgical plants produced 20 per cent of the entire cast iron and 25 per cent of
2242-548: The majority being women, were serfs bought at an auction for 16,000 roubles. Conditions, as Potemkin himself was forced to admit, were harsh, with many of the workers dying from malnutrition and exhaustion. From 1797 to 1802, while serving under the Emperor Paul I as the administrative centre of a centre of the Novorossiya Governorate , the settlement was officially known as Novorossiysk. Despite
2301-574: The night of 3 March O.S (16 March N.S ) to 4 March 1917 a provisional government was organised in Yekaterinoslav headed by the (since 1913) chairman of the provincial land administration Konstantin von Hesberg [ uk ] . Also on 4 March a Council of Workers' Deputies was formed. On 6 March the prime minister of the Russian Provisional Government Georgy Lvov removed the governor and
2360-434: The old owners must be renamed in memory of revolutionary events , in memory of the international , all-Russian or local leaders of the proletarian revolution ." In 1922 and 1923 the factories were renamed, as well as dozens of streets, alleys, driveways, squares and parks. In 1923 the city council adopted a resolution to organize a competition to rename the city itself. In 1924 a Provincial Congress of Soviets adopted
2419-726: The order of a liberal governor. In the widespread social unrest that followed the 1905 defeat in the Russo-Japanese War , the political life of the city was dominated by the revolutionary opposition (including the Jewish Workers Socialist Party and the Bund ) and by the insurrectionary spirit of the nascent labor movement. The local czarist authorities were able to ride out the wave political protests and strikes, in part by playing on division between Jewish workers who predominated as clerks and artisans in
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2478-490: The steel manufactured in the Ukrainian SSR. By the end of the thirties the Dnipropetrovsk region became the most urbanised of Soviet Ukraine with more than 2,273,000 people living in the region and over half a million in the city proper. Dnipropetrovsk became an important cultural and educational centre with ten colleges and a State University. The surrounding countryside was devastated by the policy of forced collectivisation and grain seizures. Peasants had died en masse during
2537-442: The territory of (Chertkov's) Yekaterinoslav of 1776. On 22 January 1784 Russian Empress Catherine the Great signed an Imperial Ukase directing that "the gubernatorial city under name of Yekaterinoslav be moved to the right bank of the Dnieper river near Kodak". The new city would serve Grigory Potemkin as a Viceregal seat for the combined Novorossiya and Azov Governorates . On 20 May [ O.S. 9 May] 1787, in
2596-439: The territory of Modern Dnipro, the Russian Empire founded Yekaterinoslav ( the glory of Catherine ). This name was first mentioned in a report to Azov Governor Vasily Chertkov to Grigory Potemkin on 23 April 1776. He wrote "The provincial city called Yekaterinoslav should be the best convenience on the right side of the Dnieper River near Kaydak ..." (Which referred to New Kodak [ uk ] ). The construction
2655-430: The territory of the autonomous Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR). On 13 August 1917 the first democratic Yekaterinoslav 120 seats city Duma election took place. The Bolsheviks gained 24 seats and the Mensheviks 16, with pro-Ukrainian parties picking up 6 seats. Vasyl Osipov [ uk ] was elected Mayor of the city. Osipov was Mayor until the dissolution of the city Duma in May 1918. On 10 November 1917
2714-455: The third city in the Russian Empire to have electric trams. The Yekaterinoslav Higher Mining School , today's Dnipro Polytechnic , was founded in 1899. Within twenty years the population had more than tripled, reaching 157,000 in 1904. The immigrants flowing into the city were mainly ethnic or cultural Russians and Jews , with the Ukrainian population remaining rural in this stage of the Industrial Revolution . From 1792 Yekaterinoslav
2773-480: The town remained the processing of agricultural raw materials, there was an early state-sponsored effort to promote manufacture. In 1794 the government supported two factories: a textile factory that was transferred from the town of Dubrovny Mogilev Governorate and a silk-stockings factory that was brought from the village of Kupavna near Moscow. In 1797 the textile factory employed 819 permanent workers, 378 of whom were women and 115 children. The silk stocking workers,
2832-432: The vice-governor of Yekaterinoslav Governorate , temporarily handing these powers to Hesberg. On 9 March a Yekaterinoslav Council of Workers and Soldiers deputies was formed. On 16 May the Council of Workers' Deputies and the Council of Workers and Soldiers merged, to become named the Revolutionary Council in November 1917. All these power structures existed in duality, with Hesberg's provisional government often being at
2891-424: Was also in charge of a number of fortresses around the Crimean peninsula that Russia received from Ottoman Empire and the city of Kerch which controls the Strait of Kerch and access to the Black Sea . In 1775: 1776: Beginning around the 1780s, the Azov Governorate was divided into counties ( uyezd ). The governorate was divided into two provinces, Yekaterine and Bakhmut which in turn were divided into
2950-478: Was completed in 1835. Scholarship concerning the foundation of the city has been subject to political considerations and dispute. In 1976, to have the bicentenary of the city coincide with the 70th anniversary of the birth of Soviet party leader, and regional native son, Leonid Brezhnev , the date of the city's foundation was moved back from the visit Russian Empress Catherine II in 1787, to 1776. Following Ukrainian independence, local historians began to promote
3009-412: Was garrisoned by Cossacks until the Sich, allied with the Ottoman Empire and their Tartar vassals , drove out the encroaching Tsardom of Russia . Under the terms of the Russian withdrawal—the Treaty of the Pruth in 1711—the Kodak fortress was demolished. In the mid-1730s, the fortress and Russians returned, living in an uneasy cohabitation with local cossacks. From mid-century they co-existed with
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#17327757781373068-451: Was in Belyov Fortress and later in Yekaterinoslav . Azov Governorate was located in the northeastern Azov littoral region and covered only the southern half of the previously existing Azov Governorate of 1708–25. The new division was created from the southern Bakhmut Province of Voronezh Governorate and the self-governed frontier region of Slavo-Serbia , but primarily it was based on the recently created and quickly liquidated lands of
3127-400: Was nicknamed the Rocket City during the Cold War . The 2015 law on decommunization required the city to be renamed. On 29 December 2015 the city council officially changed the reference of the city naming from referring to Petrovsky to being in honor of Saint Peter , thus making the name consistent with the law without actually changing the name itself. On 3 February 2016 a draft law
3186-465: Was officially transferred to the right bank in a decree of Empress of Russia Catherine II of 23 January 1784. In the 17th century the city was also known as Polovytsia . In 1918, the Central Council of Ukraine of the Ukrainian People's Republic proposed to change the name of the city to Sicheslav ; however, this was never finalised. In 1926 the city was renamed after communist leader Grigory Petrovsky . In some Anglophone media Dnipro
3245-427: Was part of the Scythian empire from approximately the 1st century BC until the 3rd century BC. During the Migration Period (300–800) nomadic tribes of the Huns , Avars , Bulgarians , and Magyars passed through the lands of the Dnieper region, they came into contact with local agricultural East Slavs . The area of modern Dnipro was part of the Kievan Rus' (882–1240). The region witnessed fighting between
3304-441: Was part of the Azov Governorate. To the west it bordered the Novorossiysk Governorate ( Kremenchug ) created out of the recently liquidated Zaporizhian Sich , to the south - the Azov Sea and the Kuban region (under the suzerainty of Crimean Khanate ), to the northwest - the Sloboda Ukraine Governorate ( Kharkov ), to the north - the Voronezh Governorate , and to the east - the Astrakhan Governorate . The Azov Governorate
3363-408: Was registered in the Verkhovna Rada (the Ukrainian parliament) to change the name of the city to Dnipro . On 19 May 2016 the Ukrainian parliament passed a bill to officially rename the city (to Dnipro ). The resolution was approved by 247 out of the 344 MPs, with 16 opposing the measure. Following the renaming of the city the reference to Petrovsky has been removed from institutions named after
3422-429: Was settled by Cossack communities from at least 1524. Yekaterinoslav ("glory of Catherine") was established by decree of the Russian Empress Catherine the Great in 1787 as the administrative center of Novorossiya . From the end of the 19th century, the town attracted foreign capital and an international, multi-ethnic workforce exploiting Kryvbas iron ore and Donbas coal. Renamed Dnipropetrovsk in 1926 after
3481-464: Was within the Pale of Settlement , the former Polish-Lithuanian territories in which Catherine and her successors enforced no limitation on the movement and residency of their Jewish subjects. Within less than a century, a largely Yiddish -speaking Jewish community of 40,000 constituted more than a third of the city's population, and contributed a considerable share of its business capital and industrial workforce. Such apparent strength did not protect
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