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38-554: The Preston Model is an approach to community wealth building pioneered by Preston City Council , Lancashire , England , and its partners, including Lancashire County Council , Lancashire Constabulary , the University of Central Lancashire , local colleges and a local housing provider. The model is a form of municipal socialism which utilises "anchor institutions", living wage expansion, community banking, public pension investment, worker ownership and municipal enterprise tied to

76-590: A key role in developing the model with his colleague Councillor Martyn Rawlinson, working in conjunction with the Centre for Local Economic Strategies . The first issue they tackled in 2012-2013 was to localise their procurement spend in Preston and the surrounding county of Lancashire. Former Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer John McDonnell was a vocal supporter of the project during his time on

114-478: A procurement strategy at the municipal level. Anchor institutions are mission-driven organisations committed to maintaining service in their local communities, such as councils, hospitals, universities, colleges and housing associations. It is based on projects developed in Cleveland, Ohio and Mondragon, Spain . Councillor Matthew Brown, originally Executive Member for Social Justice, Inclusion and Policy, played

152-615: A record. Preston is a diverse city, although the majority of the ethnic minorities are South Asians , in particular Indians . The ethnic makeup of Preston based on the 2011 census is as follows (With average for England in brackets): 75.8% White British (79.8%), 0.8% White Irish (1.0%), 3.5% Other White (4.6%). 2.3% Mixed Race (2.2%). 10.3% Indian (2.6%), 3.2% Pakistani (2.1%), 0.3% Bangladeshi (0.8%), 0.9% Other Asian (1.5%). 0.6% Black Caribbean (1.1%), 0.5% Black African (1.8%), 0.1% Other Black (0.5%). 0.9% Chinese (0.7%), 0.4% Arab (0.4%) and 0.3% other (0.6%). In 2008

190-423: A survey revealed that 50% of all children living in the city were living in families suffering from financial depression. An estimated 15,380 youngsters were part of the families on the breadline. The Campaign to End Child Poverty report defined children in poverty as children living in homes where occupants work less than 16 hours a week, or not at all, or where the full amount of tax credit is being claimed. The city

228-537: A third of the council (one councillor for each ward) being elected at a time for a four-year term. Lancashire County Council elections are held in the fourth year of the cycle when there are no city council elections. Following boundary changes introduced for the 2024 General Election , the City of Preston is divided between two Parliamentary constituencies. The electoral wards of Greyfriars , Preston Rural East , Preston Rural North , and Sharoe Green , form part of

266-517: Is a local government district with city status in Lancashire , England. It lies on the north bank of the River Ribble and has a population of 151,582 (2022). The neighbouring districts are Ribble Valley , South Ribble , Fylde and Wyre . The district is named after its largest settlement, Preston , which lies in the south of the district. The district also includes rural areas to

304-604: Is a transitional region between coastal plain , river valley and moorland . The west of the district lies within the flat coastal plain of the Fylde . The southern border is the River Ribble which meanders through a flood plain in a wide, steep-sided valley. The northeast of the district lies within the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . The highest point is the summit of Beacon Fell at 266 m (873 ft) above sea level, an isolated fell two miles south of

342-531: Is approximately 27 miles north west of Manchester , 26 miles north east of Liverpool , and 15 miles east of the coastal town Blackpool . Like most of inland Lancashire, Preston receives a higher than UK average total of rainfall, and is slightly colder. On 10 August 1893 Preston entered the UK Weather Records , with the Highest 5-min total rainfall of 32 mm. As of November 2008 this remains

380-462: Is at Fleetwood . The Brock forms part of the district boundary on the west and north sides of Beacon Fell. A small part of the district along the eastern boundary drains into the east-flowing River Loud , a tributary of the Hodder . The lowland area in the north and east of the district, between Beacon Fell and the Fylde, is a dairy farming area, particularly noted for its cheesemaking dairies. Six of

418-551: Is based at the Civic Centre on Breck Road in Poulton-le-Fylde. The building was originally a large house called Woodlands, later serving as a convalescent hospital and teacher training college before becoming the council's headquarters in 1988. Much of the borough is covered by civil parishes . The parish councils for Fleetwood, Garstang and Preesall have declared their parishes to be towns, allowing them to take

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456-700: Is covered by Preston and its suburbs, drains into Savick Brook running east-to-west and then turning south into the Ribble. The lowest section of the brook has been widened into the Ribble Link which connects the Lancaster Canal to the Ribble. The central and northern parts of the district drain into south- and west-flowing tributaries of the River Brock , itself a tributary of the Wyre whose estuary

494-747: Is largely ceremonial in Wyre. Political leadership is instead provided by the leader of the council . The leaders since 2010 have been: Following the 2023 election and a change of allegiance in June 2024, the composition of the council was: The next election is due in 2027. Since the last boundary changes in 2015 the council has comprised 50 councillors representing 24 wards , with each ward electing one, two or three councillors. Elections are held every four years. Wyre straddles three parliamentary constituencies: Wyre and Preston North , Lancaster and Fleetwood and Blackpool North and Cleveleys . The council

532-539: Is necessary to cross the neighbouring Fylde district in order to travel between the two parts of Wyre, or else use the Wyre Estuary Ferry between Fleetwood and Knott End . The neighbouring districts are Blackpool , Fylde , Preston , Ribble Valley and Lancaster . The district was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 , as a non-metropolitan district covering

570-576: Is retained within Southampton's local economy wherever possible". Birmingham 's approach, adopted with the support of former Council leader John Clancy , focussed on using the area's "significant existing wealth ... more effectively for the benefit of our economy and people". Fife and Islington Councils have more recently committed themselves to community wealth building policies. Preston City Council The City of Preston , or simply Preston ( / ˈ p r ɛ s t ən / ),

608-520: The 2024 election and a subsequent by-election in July 2024, the composition of the council is: The next election is due in 2026. The council is based at Preston Town Hall on Lancaster Road, which was built in 1934 for the old county borough council. Since the last boundary changes in 2019 the council has comprised 48 councillors representing 16 wards , with each ward electing three councillors. Elections are held three years out of every four, with

646-619: The Duke of Lancaster's Regiment on 1 July 2006. 53°45′32″N 2°41′56″W  /  53.759°N 2.699°W  / 53.759; -2.699 Borough of Wyre Wyre is a local government district with borough status on the coast of Lancashire , England. The council is based in Poulton-le-Fylde and the borough also contains the towns of Cleveleys , Fleetwood , Garstang , Preesall and Thornton , along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Some of

684-415: The Local Government Act 1972 , covering the whole area of two former districts and a large part of a third, which were all abolished at the same time: The new district was a non-metropolitan district , forming a lower tier of local government with Lancashire County Council providing county-level services. The district was awarded borough status from its creation, allowing the chair of the council to take

722-634: The Ribble Valley constituency. The rest of the city forms the Preston constituency. Between 2010 and 2024, the City of Preston was divided between three Westminster constituencies, namely Preston , Wyre and Preston North , and Fylde . Historically, Preston has been divided between such constituencies as Preston North , Preston South , and Fylde South , although until 1885 it comprised one constituency called Preston, which actually included most of West Lancashire. The City of Preston district

760-497: The Church of England to the status of Minster Church in June 2003. Preston City Council provides district-level services. County-level services are provided by Lancashire County Council . Parts of the district are also covered by civil parishes , which form a third tier of local government. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2011. The first election to the enlarged Preston Borough Council created by

798-477: The Council's third-party expenditure was placed with organisations based in, or with a branch in, the city, and 90.7% with organisations based in, or with a branch in, Greater Manchester . Southampton City Council continues to embrace "progressive practices" in procurement aimed at "deliver[ing] economic, environmental and social benefits through our contracts, ensuring that money generated by Southampton's economy

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836-498: The Local Government Act 1972 was held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until the new arrangements came into effect on 1 April 1974. Political control of the council since 1974 has been as follows: The role of mayor is largely ceremonial in Preston. Political leadership is instead provided by the leader of the council . The leaders since 1992 have been: Following

874-819: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Lancaster and the Anglican Diocese of Blackburn . In July 2016, St Ignatius Church in Preston, which had been gifted by the Catholic Diocese of Lancaster to the Syro-Malabar Catholic community, was raised to the status of a cathedral by Pope Francis . It now serves as the seat of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Great Britain The 2001 Census recorded 72% of

912-565: The answer to everything, despite being a useful tool. Preston City Council notes that its model builds on Manchester City Council 's "principles of progressive procurement" and mentions Birmingham, Oldham, Salford, Kirklees, Islington, Enfield, Southampton, Wakefield and Bristol as examples of other UK locations implementing similar community wealth building approaches. The Centre for Local Economic Strategies sees Manchester's "progressive procurement" as an example of good practice: by 2015/16, community-focussed policy drivers had ensured that 73.1% of

950-427: The borough is covered by civil parishes , which form a third tier of local government. The council has been under Conservative majority control since 1999. The first election to the council was held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until coming into its powers on 1 April 1974. Since 1974 political control of the council has been as follows: The role of mayor

988-467: The borough's built-up areas form part of the wider Blackpool urban area . Eastern parts of the borough lie within the Forest of Bowland , a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . The borough is named after the River Wyre , which runs through the area and meets the sea at Fleetwood. There are no road or rail connections between the parts of the borough either side of the Wyre estuary, and it

1026-408: The county borough of Preston and parts of the districts of Chorley , Fulwood , Leyland , Walton-le-Dale , Chorley Rural District and Preston Rural District . The Central Lancashire Development Corporation was established to oversee the development of the new town, taking over town planning responsibilities from the local councils. The current district of Preston was formed on 1 April 1974 under

1064-418: The frontbenches. The plan has been criticised by some members of Preston City Council. The leader of the council's Liberal Democrat group described it as a 'marketing gimmick' that has not had a substantial effect on the local area, and that locals are not interested in the project. Critics have also pointed out Preston relies heavily on multi-national companies for employment, and that local procurement isn't

1102-469: The local councils. In 2002 the borough of Preston was awarded city status to mark the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II . The council therefore changed its name from Preston Borough Council to Preston City Council. Like numerous other places granted city status since 1889, Preston has no Anglican cathedral . Instead, following the granting of city status, Preston's parish church was elevated by

1140-465: The main range of Bowland Fells just outside the district boundaries. The lowest point lies on the River Ribble in the southwest corner of the district. The Ribble here is tidal and therefore virtually at sea level. The course of the river west of Preston was artificially straightened in the 19th century, to ease passage of shipping to the docks. The southern one-third of the district, most of which

1178-509: The north of the main urban area, including part of the Forest of Bowland , a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . In 2002 the district was granted city status to mark the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II ; prior to this it was known as the Borough of Preston , having held borough status since its creation in 1974. The town of Preston was an ancient borough , having been granted its first charter by Henry II in 1179. The borough

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1216-620: The population as Christians, 10% as having no religion, and 8% as Muslim. The Hindu and Sikh populations were smaller at 3% and 0.6% respectively, but in both cases this represented the highest percentage of any local authority area in the North West. 2% of the city's population were born in other EU countries. The 2021 census showed the proportion of respondents describing themselves as Christian as 47.6%, Muslim 16.1%, Hindu 3.0%, Sikh 0.7%, Buddhist 0.3%, Jewish 0.1% and other religions 0.4%. Those choosing no religion comprised 26.3%. The question

1254-495: The ten Lancashire Cheese dairies listed on the British Cheese Board's website in 2011 are located in the City of Preston district (and the other four are only a few miles outside). Beacon Fell Traditional Lancashire Cheese is a Protected Designation of Origin cheese named after Beacon Fell. At 53°45′N 2°42′W  /  53.750°N 2.700°W  / 53.750; -2.700 , Preston city centre

1292-439: The territory of five former districts, which were abolished at the same time: The new district was named Wyre after the River Wyre . The new district was awarded borough status from its creation, allowing the chair of the council to take the title of mayor. Wyre Borough Council, which styles itself "Wyre Council", provides district-level services. County-level services are provided by Lancashire County Council . Much of

1330-526: The title of mayor, continuing Preston's sequence of mayors which dates back to at least the fourteenth century. In other new towns across England the 1974 reforms brought the whole designated area for the new town within a single district, but the Central Lancashire New Town was allowed to straddle the new districts of Preston, South Ribble and Chorley . The Development Corporation was wound up in 1986 and planning powers transferred to

1368-474: Was not answered by 5.4%. The main urban area, broadly covering the combined area of the pre-1974 Preston County Borough and Fulwood Urban District, is an unparished area . The remainder of the district is divided into nine civil parishes : Freedom of the City has been granted to: The Loyal Regiment (North Lancashire) was adopted on 7 August 1952. This was transferred to The Queen's Lancashire Regiment on 9 September 1972, and subsequently transferred to

1406-574: Was one of the most severely affected areas of the North West outside Liverpool and Manchester , with 21% of children in the city living in households which were completely workless and a further 29% in families struggling to get by with working tax credits . The two worst affected areas of the city were the Deepdale and St George's wards, where 75% and 77% of children respectively were said to be living in poverty. The City of Preston lies in

1444-562: Was reformed in 1836 to become a municipal borough under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 . When elected county councils were established in 1889 under the Local Government Act 1888 , Preston was considered large enough to run its own county-level services and so it became a county borough , independent from Lancashire County Council . In 1970 the New Town of Central Lancashire was designated, covering all of

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