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123-581: The series follows the titular protagonist, Princess Gwenevere of Avalon , and her fellow Jewel Riders, Fallon and Tamara, in their quest to find the seven lost enchanted jewels and stop the evil sorceress Lady Kale from conquering Avalon. In the second season, the Jewel Riders gain new powers and fight against Kale and new enemy Morgana as they search for more magical jewels in order to rescue their banished mentor, Merlin , and restore harmony in magic. The series bears similarities to The Adventures of

246-1035: A flying unicorn she rescues from Lady Kale's castle. The story then follows the adventures of the Jewel Riders as they search for the Crown Jewels while dealing with outbreaks of wild magic. The seven Crown Jewels are the Jewel of the North Woods, the Rainbow Jewel, the Jewel of the Burning Ice, the Misty Rose Jewel, the Desert Star Jewel, the Jewel of the Dreamfields, and the Jewel of the Jungle. The Jewel Riders must find them before Kale does in order to save Merlin and Avalon. In

369-584: A recurring ' Hades -snatches-Persephone' theme, positing that Guinevere is similar to the Celtic Otherworld bride Étaín , whom Midir , king of the Underworld, carries off from her earthly life. According to Kenneth G. T. Webster , a scenario such as the one from Diu Crône may be an echo of a more ancient lore in which Guinevere is "a fairy queen ravished from her supernatural husband by Arthur of this world and therefore subject to raids which

492-662: A sequel comic was announced by Mad Cave Studios . Its first volume was released in May 2024, to be continued in August 2025. The series is set on the legendary island of Avalon , where mystical jewels help their users cast spells, and whose inhabitants include several characters from Arthurian legend, such as Merlin and the Lady of the Lake . It is threatened by unstable "wild magic", which comes from another dimension also known as Wild Magic and

615-493: A series of collectible trading cards released by the Upper Deck Company in 1996, a "play-a-sound" children's illustrated sound book by Nancy L. McGill based on the first two episodes and published by Publications International that same year, Panini Group collectible stickers, a makeup kit, Happy Meal and Long John Silver's premium toys, lunchboxes, clothing items, and such. There were unrealized plans to produce

738-534: A similar theme and title, there are no connections with King Arthur and the Knights of Justice , which was Bohbot Entertainment's other Arthurian-inspired cartoon series that was produced in 1992–1993. It was originally supposed to be a cartoon adaptation of the Dragonriders of Pern series of fantasy novels by Anne McCaffrey but eventually went in a different direction. The project was renamed repeatedly in

861-625: A small, low-aiming school of girl-oriented action cartoons, but it ultimately lost out to a slightly more tolerable Japanese import." In Arthurian Legends on Film and Television , Bert Olton opined that " Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders combines all the worst elements of minimalist cartooning, modern commercialism and vacuous storytelling with a tiny portion of Arthurian legend." In The Middle Ages in Popular Culture: Medievalism and Genre , Clare Bradford and Rebecca Hutton described it as "a disappointing production that

984-682: A special place in many '90s kids' hearts." In King Arthur in America , authors Alan and Barbara Lupack that the show, "with its strong female heroine, is interesting in part because it is designed primarily for girls." In Adapting the Arthurian Legends for Children , Barbara Lupack added that it successfully "translated the Arthurian story into an idiom easily accessible to preteen female viewers and (...) appealed to its young audience." Retrospectively, France's Fun Radio included it among

1107-427: A struggle for power that reminds scholars of her prescient connections to the fertility and sovereignty of Britain. Arthur's company saves her, but Valerin kidnaps her again and places her in a magical sleep inside another castle surrounded by snakes, where only the powerful sorcerer Malduc can rescue her. In Heinrich's Diu Crône , Guinevere's captor is her own brother Gotegrim, intending to kill her for refusing to marry

1230-527: A tower in which Mardoc is holding Winlogee , while on the other side Carrado (most likely Caradoc) fights Galvagin (Gawain) as the knights Galvariun and Che (Kay) approach. Isdernus is most certainly an incarnation of Yder ( Edern ap Nudd ), a Celtic hero whose name appears in Culhwch and Olwen . Yeder is actually Guinevere's lover in a nearly-forgotten tradition mentioned in Béroul 's 12th-century Tristan . This

1353-399: A video game adaptation and the series' theme song was included on Mastermix's TV SETS CD 14. Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders was reported to be "struggling with a 0.6 national Nielsen rating among girls 2–11" in 1995. Bohbot hoped heavy promotion of the merchandise products would raise awareness of the show. Nevertheless, it was the most popular of the first-run cartoon series in

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1476-500: A way that "many in the court spoke of it." Guinevere is charged with adultery on three occasions, including once when she is also accused of sorcery. Their now not-so secret affair is finally exposed by Guinevere's sworn enemy and Arthur's half-sister, the enchantress Morgan le Fay who had schemed against her on various occasions (sometimes being foiled in that by Lancelot, who had also defended Guinevere on many other occasions and performed assorted feats in her honour), and proven by two of

1599-413: Is Culhwch and Olwen , in which she is mentioned as Arthur's wife Gwenhwyfar and listed among his most prized possessions, but little more is said about her. It can not be securely dated; one recent assessment of the language by linguist Simon Rodway places it in the second half of the 12th century. The works of Chrétien de Troyes were some of the first to elaborate on the character Guinevere beyond simply

1722-462: Is Guiomar , an early lover of Arthur's half-sister Morgan in several French romances; other cousins of Guinevere include her confidante Elyzabel (Elibel) and Morgan's knight Carrant (or Garaunt, apparently Geraint ). In Perlesvaus , after the death of Guinevere, her relative King Madaglan(s) d'Oriande is a major villain who invades Arthur's lands, trying to force him to abandon Christianity and to marry his sister, Queen Jandree. In Perceforest ,

1845-786: Is Jennifer , from Cornish . The name is given as Guennuuar ( Guennuvar ) in an early Latin text Vita Gildae . Geoffrey of Monmouth rendered it in a Latinized form as Guenhuuara ( Guenhuvara – but some manuscripts and thus modern editions also spell it with an M as in Guenhumara or Ganhumara , possibly stemming from scribal error confusing "uu/uv" for "um") in his Historia Regum Britanniae , further turned into Wenhauer ( Wenhaiuer ) by Layamon ( Gwenayfer in one manuscript) and into both Genoivre and Gahunmare in Wace 's Roman de Brut . Chronicler Gerald of Wales refers to her as Wenneuereia ( Wenneveria ) and

1968-607: Is a wicked queen who rules with the victorious Mordred until she is killed by Lancelot, here the last of the Knights of the Round Table ; her corpse is then entombed with the captured Mordred who eats it before starving to death. Layamon's Brut ( c.  1200 ) features a prophetic dream sequence in which Arthur himself hacks Guinevere to pieces after beheading Mordred. Historically, the bones of Guinevere were claimed to have been found buried alongside those of Arthur during

2091-410: Is buried beside Arthur. Medievalist Roger Sherman Loomis suggested that this recurring motif shows that Guinevere "had inherited the role of a Celtic Persephone " (a figure from Greek mythology ). All of these similar tales of abduction by another suitor – and this allegory includes Lancelot, who saves her when she is condemned by Arthur to burn at the stake for her adultery – are demonstrative of

2214-519: Is defeated and Avalon is at peace, Merlin is still trapped in Wild Magic and the kingdom is not yet safe, as outbreaks of wild magic continue and, without Merlin's jewel, they have lost a chance of solving the magic crisis. However, the Jewel Riders gain new and more powerful magic from the Crown Jewels, allowing them to deal with the outbreaks. Meanwhile, Kale's Dark Stone is summoned to a floating palace, where she re-materializes and meets her rescuer:

2337-438: Is hosted by Soleil Moon Frye . The company also obtained the rights to distribute the animated cartoon Ring Raiders , produced by DIC Enterprises for syndication. In 1990, Bohbot partnered with producers Saban Entertainment and video game publisher Acclaim Entertainment to launch Video Power in syndication. In 1991, Bohbot entered its fray by signing up as distributor of Saban Entertainment 's program Adventures of

2460-518: Is kept in check by the Crown Jewels of the Kingdom, which each represent a realm of Avalon. The story takes place a thousand years after Merlin's initial victory over the evil queen Morgana and her dark wizards. The eponymous Jewel Riders are an order of magical guardians of the city of New Camelot who, mentored by Merlin and aided by their magic animals, have defended the realm and its people for centuries, with each generation bequeathing their jewels to

2583-553: Is markedly sexist and racist with only tenuous links to the Arthuriad." Kathleen Richter of Ms. called the show "so sexist and racist" for how it has "the powerful female figure demonized as evil and the main character blonde and blue-eyed." On the other hand, Samantha Kelly of Manchester Metro News called it as "a real gem" of a fairy tale style good-versus-evil story for young girls, who in her opinion would strongly identify with its beautiful royal heroine on her quest against

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2706-700: Is mentioned elsewhere (besides the Vulgate-inspired tradition). While later romances almost always named King Leodegrance as Guinevere's father, her mother was usually unmentioned, although she was sometimes said to be dead (this is the case in the Middle English romance The Adventures of Arthur , in which the ghost of Guinevere's mother appears to her and Gawain in Inglewood Forest ). Some works name cousins of note, though these too do not usually appear more than once. One of such cousins

2829-616: Is reflected in the later Romance of King Yder , where his lover is Queen Guenloie of Carvain (possibly Caerwent in Wales ). Chrétien de Troyes tells another version of Guinevere's abduction, this time by Meliagant ( Maleagant , derived from Melwas) in the 12th-century Lancelot, the Knight of the Cart . The abduction sequence is largely a reworking of that recorded in Caradoc's work, but here

2952-765: Is silent regarding Guinevere's feelings for Arthur but goes so far as to suggest she uses charms or enchantments to win Lancelot's love. Years later, following the Grail Quest , Malory tells his readers that the pair started behaving carelessly in public, stating that "Launcelot began to resort unto the Queene Guinevere again and forget the promise and the perfection that he made in the Quest... and so they loved together more hotter than they did beforehand." They indulged in "privy draughts together" and behaved in such

3075-485: Is taken to the isle of Avalon by Morgan. During the civil war, Guinevere is portrayed as a scapegoat for violence without developing her perspective or motivation. However, after Arthur's death, Guinevere retires to a convent in penitence for her infidelity. (Malory was familiar with the Fontevraud daughter house at Nuneaton, and given the royal connections of its sister house at Amesbury, he chose Amesbury Priory as

3198-476: The aithed in which a mysterious stranger kidnaps a married woman and takes her to his home; the husband of the woman then rescues her against insurmountable odds. A seemingly related account was carved into the archivolt of Modena Cathedral in Italy, which most likely predates that telling (as well as any other known written account of Guinevere in Arthurian legend). Here, Artus de Bretania and Isdernus approach

3321-587: The Mad Cave Studios imprint Maverick. According to the cartoon's executive producer and copyright holder Allen Bohbot from 41 Entertainment, they are going "to reflect a modern take of the Arthurian legends with a more dramatized version [and] will target an older audience," and it "may well serve as a foundation of story and design content for potential new YA animated project." The comic series, written by Jordie Bellaire and illustrated by Koi Carreon, began with Volume 1 published on 28 May 2024: "While

3444-736: The Middle German romances by Hartmann von Aue and Ulrich von Zatzikhoven but was written Jenover by Der Pleier , and the audience of Italian romances got to know her as Ginevra ( Zenevra , Zenibra ). In the 15th-century Britain, she was called Gwynnever in the Middle Cornish play Bewnans Ke , while the Middle English author Thomas Malory originally wrote her name as Gwenever or Gwenivere ( Guenever , Guenivere ) in his seminal compilation Le Morte d'Arthur . Some assorted other forms of her name in

3567-752: The Princess Gwenevere concept to Hasbro Toys, which after extensive market research, put itself enthusiastically behind the project, collaborating in equal partnership with Bohbot on the development of the property." A national "Watch and Win" contest in February 1996 offered viewers the opportunity to win Princess Gwenevere videos and toys if they mailed in the correct code words from the show. The Hasbro/ Kenner toy line had two series of action figures for girls ages 4 and up. The first series contains Princess Gwenevere (Starla), Sun Power Gwenevere, Tamara, Fallon, Drake, Lady Kale, Sunstar, and Moondance; and

3690-415: The "Summer Country" ( Aestiva Regio , perhaps meaning Somerset ), and held prisoner at his stronghold at Glastonbury . The story states that Arthur (depicted there as a tyrannical ruler) spent a year searching for her and assembling an army to storm Melwas' fort when Gildas negotiates a peaceful resolution and reunites husband and wife. The episode seems to be related to an Old Irish abduction motif called

3813-614: The "story captures the animated television series’ essence while making subtle contemporary updates (...) There’s an unmistakable positivity to the narrative, which encourages openness and demonstrates that vulnerability isn’t always a weakness. (...) Sparkling characters highlight this diverting illustrated fantasy tale." Volume 2, The Quest for Avalon , was announced to be released on August 19, 2025: "When we last saw Gwen and her friends Fallon and Tamara, they had successfully defeated Lady Kale–or so they thought. With Merlin gone, strange things and wild magic outbreaks have begun occurring about

Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders - Misplaced Pages Continue

3936-480: The 14 "probably the best" cartoons of the 1990s as "one of the quintessential girl series". Contrary to above mentioned criticism of perceived sexism and racism by some, some others noted the show for its positive values for its intended audience. Keith Busby remarked in Arthurian Literature that "the series appeals to young girls and teaches them the values of friendship." According to Billboard ,

4059-767: The 1995 edition of Bohbot's "Amazin' Adventures II" weekend syndicated package. Daily Herald reported it was "the number one syndicated television show in the U.S. among girls 6 to 11" in 1996. It was reported that Starla became "a huge hit" when it was shown in France. First broadcast there in April 1996, it reached the top of the channel France 3's ratings in children's time slots with a 77.6% market share average, proving "that action, knights and fantastic stories work very well with boys, too." The show's critical reception has been mixed and highly divisive. According to Video Librarian , "a cross between She-Ra: Princess of Power and

4182-491: The Alliterative Morte Arthure , Guinevere willingly becomes Mordred 's consort and bears him two sons, although the dying Arthur commands her and Mordred's infant children to be secretly killed and their bodies tossed into the sea (yet Guinevere, who unlike Mordred seems to show little care for the safety of their children, herself to be spared, as he forgives her). There are mentions of Arthur's sons in

4305-781: The English poems Alliterative Morte Arthure and The Awntyrs off Arthure , Genure ( Gaynor ) in the Stanzaic Morte Arthur , Guenloie in the Romanz du reis Yder , Guenore in Sir Gawayn and þe Grene Knyȝt , Gwenvere ( Guennevere , Guenera , Gwenner ) in the Polychronicon , and Gwendoloena ( Gwendolen ) in De Ortu Waluuanii . Her name is invariably Ginover ( Ginovere ) in

4428-503: The Galaxy Rangers , as they had the same creator and director, Robert Mandell , as well as some writers in common, notably Christopher Rowley . The series was initially planned to be an adaptation of Dragonriders of Pern and came in the wake of Bohbot's earlier take on the Arthurian legends, King Arthur and the Knights of Justice . In the 2000s, the series was rebooted as the novel series Avalon: Web of Magic . In 2023,

4551-585: The Heart Stone and Moon Stone, respectively. Meanwhile, the sorceress Lady Kale, Queen Anya's power-hungry sister who was banished after being denied the Sun Stone, plans to steal Merlin's Crown Jewels and use their magic to conquer Avalon. She finds a mysterious jewel of dark magic, which she names the Dark Stone, and uses it to banish Merlin to Wild Magic. However, in an effort to prevent her from using

4674-580: The International Division were renamed BKN, Inc. (BKN), Bohbot Entertainment & Media Inc. (BEM), Quantum Media International, Inc. (QMI) and BKN International respectively. Quantum was later renamed as BKN Media and closed in October 2000. In April 1998, United Television and Columbia TriStar Television took a minority stake in BEM. In 1998, BKN purchased Epoch Ink Animation which

4797-491: The Jewel Riders was produced by the New York-based studios New Frontier Entertainment and Enchanted Camelot Productions for Bohbot Productions (later BKN ) in 1995 . The series was produced by much of the team behind the late 1980s science fiction cartoon The Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers , including the creator, co-writer and main director of both shows, Robert Mandell , after a long development process. Despite

4920-836: The Jewel Riders search for the Wizard Jewels, they fight against Kale, who has her own agenda and seeks the Jewels for herself while working for Morgana, who wants to use their magic to conquer Avalon. The seven Wizard Jewels, not counting the Dark Stone, are the Unicorn Jewel, the Jewel of Arden, the Garden Jewel, the Jewel of the Sea, the Time Stone, and the Fortune Jewel. Soon, Tamara gains a magic animal for herself;

5043-452: The Jewel Riders to serve as positive role models for girls." Bohbot's press kit for the series described it as "classic story-telling," incorporating "strong themes of friendship, teamwork, responsibility and conflict resolution." Each episode was constructed as an animated minimusical . The animation work on the series was done in Taipei, Taiwan by Hong Ying Animation Company Limited ; one of

Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders - Misplaced Pages Continue

5166-412: The Jewels' power, he sends them back to where they came from, scattering them throughout the kingdom and beyond. However, without the Jewels, magic becomes unstable and goes out of control, causing dangerous outbreaks until they can be gathered, which the Jewel Riders learn may also be the only way to free Merlin from Wild Magic. Gwenevere successfully completes her Sun Stone bonding ceremony with Sunstar,

5289-436: The Kingdom of Avalon, is about to follow in the footsteps of her mother before her as a Jewel Rider. Finally, the time is about to come for her to receive the special Enchanted Jewel, the Sun Stone, in the traditional Friendship Ring ceremony and join her friends Tamara and Fallon. For her part, Sunstar, a young winged unicorn, dreams of having a friend who would understands her. Meanwhile, Gwen's evil aunt Lady Kale plans to steal

5412-1197: The Little Mermaid for syndication. By 1992, Bohbot had picked up distribution agreements with two leading children's producers Saban Entertainment and DiC Entertainment . BE obtained Saban's Around the World in 80 Dreams , which was distributed to syndication starting in 1993. Bohbot Entertainment also distributed 65 episodes of DiC's Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog in syndication starting in 1993. BE picked up DiC's Double Dragon for syndication in 1993. Bohbot Communications Inc. in January 1994 split its operations into two units, Bohbot Media Worldwide (BM) and Bohbot Entertainment Worldwide (BE). Bohbot Media would take over BC's media planning and buying services, while Bohbot Entertainment took over BC's TV distribution, licensing and merchandising, promotions and public relations operations. In 1994, Bohbot Media agreed to distribute A.J.'s Time Travelers for Time Travelers, Inc. to Fox Children's Network for which

5535-532: The Middle Ages and Renaissance literature of various countries and languages have included Ganor , Ganora , Gainor , Gainovere , Geneura , Guanora , Gueneour , Guenevera , Gwenore , Gwinore , Ntzenebra , Vanour , Vanore ( Wanore ). In one of the Welsh Triads ( Trioedd Ynys Prydein , no. 56), the 13th-century series of texts based on the earlier oral tales of

5658-644: The One Jewel, which is forged from the Wizard Jewels. A restored Merlin uses it to destroy Morgana and the ancient wizards' ghosts, after which the Riders and their friends reunite with Merlin and return home. The Jewel Riders consist of Gwenevere (Starla in the Starla version), Fallon, and Tamara, who each possess an Enchanted Jewel, a special magical gemstone that grants them powers and allows them to communicate with their magic animal. Gwenevere (Starla), Princess of

5781-514: The Roman leader Lucius Tiberius . While her husband is absent, Guinevere is seduced by Modredus and marries him, and Modredus declares himself king and takes Arthur's throne. Consequently, Arthur returns to Britain and fights Modredus at the fatal Battle of Camlann. The Roman de Brut ( Geste des Bretons ) makes Mordred's love for Guinevere the very motive of his rebellion. Early texts tend to portray her inauspiciously or hardly at all. One of them

5904-602: The Welsh Triads, though their exact parentage is not clear. Besides the issue of her biological children, or lack thereof, Guinevere also raises the illegitimate daughter of Sagramore and Senehaut in the Livre d'Artus . Other relations are equally obscure. A half-sister and a brother named Gotegin play the antagonistic roles in the Vulgate Cycle ( Lancelot–Grail ) and Diu Crône respectively, but neither character

6027-606: The bards of Wales, there are three Gwenhwyfars married to King Arthur . The first is the daughter of Cywryd of Gwent, the second of Gwythyr ap Greidawl , and the third of (G)ogrfan Gawr ("the Giant"). In a variant of another Welsh Triad ( Trioedd Ynys Prydein , no. 54), only the daughter of Gogfran Gawr is mentioned. There was once a popular folk rhyme known in Wales concerning Gwenhwyfar: " Gwenhwyfar ferch Ogrfan Gawr / Drwg yn fechan, gwaeth yn fawr (Gwenhwyfar, daughter of Ogrfan Gawr / Bad when little, worse when great)." An echo of

6150-465: The course of its development, including to Enchanted Jewel Riders sometime in late 1994 or early 1995 and Princess Guinevere & Her Jewel Adventures in March 1995, before ultimately becoming Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders (which was again retitled as Starla & the Jewel Riders for the export version). One of the several work-in-progress titles for the show was Enchanted Camelot , which

6273-601: The cover and the show itself, the Starla -style title fonts (similar to the title fonts in Gargoyles ) are used in the logo, and the disc appears to be region-free. The complete first season was released on DVD in France in 2008 dubbed into French. The series was also released on DVD in Serbia in 2007 and 2008 with a Serbian dub. Pidax Film released the German dub together with the English original on DVD in 2021. In 2008–2009,

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6396-507: The death of Arthur and the downfall of the kingdom. This motif had originally appeared in nascent form in the poem Lancelot prior to its vast expansion in the prose cycle Lancelot-Grail , consequently forming much of the narrative core of Thomas Malory 's seminal English compilation Le Morte d'Arthur . Other themes found in Malory and other texts include Guinevere's usual barrenness, the scheme of Guinevere's evil twin to replace her, and

6519-615: The different daughters of Lyonnel of Glat (the greatest knight of the ancient Britain) and Queen Blanche of the Forest of Marvels (also known as Blanchete, daughter of the Maimed King and the Fairy Queen) are distant ancestors of both Guinevere and Lancelot , as well of as Tristan . In Geoffrey's Historia , Arthur leaves her as a regent in the care of his nephew Modredus (Mordred) when he crosses over to Europe to go to war with

6642-609: The early 13th-century France. However, their affair was soon afterwards directly condemned as sinful, especially in the Post-Vulgate Cycle retelling. Guinevere's role in their relationship in the Vulgate Lancelot is that of Lancelot's "female lord", just as the Lady of the Lake is his "female master". Regarding her characterisation by Malory, she has been described by modern critics as "jealous, unreasonable, possessive, and headstrong," at least through most of

6765-469: The evil Lady Kale, the former princess of Avalon who wields dark magic and seeks to command all magic and rule the kingdom. An emphasis is placed on the "power of friendship", which allows the Jewel Riders to overcome evil and befriend some of their enemies. In the second season, the threat to Avalon is not yet over, as the Jewel Riders battle not only Kale, but also Morgana. Instead of the Crown Jewels, they search for another set of magical jewels while battling

6888-429: The exhumation of their purported graves by the monks of Glastonbury Abbey in 1091. A major and long-running Arthurian story trope features Guinevere being kidnapped and then tells of her rescue by either her husband or her lover. Welsh cleric and author Caradoc of Llancarfan , who wrote his Life of Gildas sometime between 1130 and 1150, recounts her being taken and raped ( violatam et raptam ) by Melwas , king of

7011-529: The fairy knight Gasozein , who falsely claims to be her lover and rightful husband (and who also appears as the young Guinevere's human lover named Gosangos in the Livre d'Artus ), and her saviour is Gawain. In Durmart le Gallois , Guinevere is delivered from her peril by the eponymous hero. In the Livre d'Artus , she is briefly taken prisoner by King Urien during his rebellion against Arthur. The 14th-century Welsh poet Dafydd ap Gwilym alludes to Guinevere's abduction in two of his poems. Another version of

7134-405: The fathering of Galahad ) causes Lancelot to fall into his longest period of madness (which only Elaine is able to eventually cure with the power of the Holy Grail itself). The episode of Lancelot's exile and madness is also included in the Post-Vulgate Suite du Merlin , where it instead serves to accent the pathetic and humiliating nature of Lancelot's illicit relationship with the queen. Malory

7257-588: The figure of Morgan ). Guinevere herself wields magical powers in The Rise of Gawain, Nephew of Arthur . The Alliterative Morte Arthure has Guinevere commit the greatest treason by giving Arthur's sword kept in her possession to her lover Mordred in order to be used against her husband. Throughout most of Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur , a late-medieval compilation highly influential for a common perception of Guinevere and many other characters today, she figures as "a conventional lady of [chivalric] romance, imperious, jealous, and demanding, with an occasional trait such as

7380-426: The first season and consisting of Jewel Quest (episodes "Jewel Quest Part 1" and "Jewel Quest Part 2"), Wizard's Peak ("Wizard's Peak" and "Travel Trees Can't Dance") and For Whom the Bell Trolls ("For Whom the Bell Trolls" and "The Faery Princess"), followed by Full Circle ("Revenge of the Dark Stone" and "Full Circle") in July 1996. Leading up to the release date, Hasbro and Toys 'R' Us offered an episode from

7503-412: The first two volumes in 2006 and subsequent volumes over the course of the next year. However, the only DVD released by Digiview was Wizard's Peak , containing the first five episodes of the show and available in Wal-Mart stores. Though it says " Princess Gwenevere & the Jewel Riders " on the cover, the show on the DVD is the international version ( Starla & the Jewel Riders ); in the case of both

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7626-437: The following 10 years: animated children’s programming syndicator, program syndication sales distribution, licensing and merchandising. After previous attempts at local promotions and request from promotional agencies at 1995 NATPE, Bohbot entered the national promotions field in 1996. By 1989 Bohbot Entertainment is starting to enter into the syndication marketplace with the launch of the live-action talk show Girl Talk , which

7749-430: The forceful advances of the sorceress Annowre for her sake, except as a victim of a spell in a variant of the "False Guinevere" case. On her side, Guinevere is often greatly jealous for Lancelot, especially in the case of Elaine of Corbenic , when her reaction to learning about their relationship (which, unknown to her, by this time has been limited only to him being raped-by-deceit by Elaine, including an earlier act of

7872-422: The forces of darkness and containing the growing chaos in magic. Princess Gwenevere, the daughter of the rulers of Avalon, Queen Anya and King Jared, is being prepared by Merlin for the ceremony in which she will receive the Sun Stone, one of the Enchanted Jewels, and meet her magic animal, who will bond with it. This will allow her to become the new leader of the Jewel Riders along with Tamara and Fallon, who wield

7995-556: The giantess-Guinevere tradition appears in a local legend regarding the Queen's Crag boulder at Simonburn in England. The earliest datable mention of Guinevere (as Guenhuvara, with numerous spelling variations in the surviving manuscripts) is in Geoffrey's Historia , written c. 1136. It relates that Guinevere, described as one of the great beauties of Britain, was educated under Cador , Duke of Cornwall . The other chronicles typically have Cador as her guardian and sometimes relative. According to Wace, who calls Cador an earl , Guinevere

8118-439: The girls remain friends, things are not as they once were. Gwenevere - once the leader of the Jewel Riders - has had to take a step back from her true passion, being a Jewel Rider and protecting Avalon from evil, in order to step into a new role as the future queen. Fallon, holder of the Moon Stone now leads the Pack--an elite group of Avalon's protectors, a role once held by Gwen's fiance. Tamara trains under Merlin to better harness

8241-644: The kingdom. Is Kale still among them? Gwen and her friends must dig deep to find the power within each of them to defeat a new enemy and restore balance to the magic of Avalon. But their friendship is tested in new ways as their responsibilities continue to shift and change." Guinevere Guinevere ( / ˈ ɡ w ɪ n ɪ v ɪər / GWIN -iv-eer ; Welsh : Gwenhwyfar pronunciation ; Breton : Gwenivar , Cornish : Gwynnever ), also often written in Modern English as Guenevere or Guenever , was, according to Arthurian legend , an early-medieval queen of Great Britain and

8364-462: The late King Lot 's sons, Agravain and Mordred. Revealed as a betrayer of his king and friend, Lancelot kills several of Arthur's knights and escapes. Incited to defend honour, Arthur reluctantly sentences his wife to be burnt at the stake. Knowing Lancelot and his family would try to stop the execution, the king sends many of his knights to defend the pyre, though Gawain refuses to participate. Lancelot arrives with his kinsmen and followers and rescues

8487-436: The latter appearing as Guinevere's evil twin in some later prose romances. German romance Diu Crône gives Guinevere two other sisters by their father, King Garlin of Gore: Gawain 's love interest Flori and Queen Lenomie of Alexandria . Guinevere is childless in most stories. The few exceptions to that include Arthur's son named Loholt or Ilinot in Perlesvaus and Parzival (first mentioned in Erec and Enide ). In

8610-414: The legendary enchantress Morgana, the creator and original wielder of the Dark Stone. A millennium ago, she led the ancient wizards against Merlin but failed and, having lost her jewel, has been trapped in Wild Magic since. United by their mutual hatred of Merlin and his followers, the two decide to join forces, and Morgana sends Kale to Avalon in search of the Wizard Jewels in preparation for her return. As

8733-442: The lovers spend their first night together just as Arthur sleeps with the beautiful Saxon princess named Camille or Gamille (an evil enchantress whom he later continues to love even after she betrays and imprisons him, though it was suggested that he was enchanted ). Arthur is also further unfaithful during the episode of the " False Guinevere " (who had Arthur drink a love potion to betray Guinevere), her own twin half-sister (born on

8856-438: The menace of Lady Kale, praising the show as "full of action and fantasy" and featuring "excellent" character animation. Bustle ' s Lucia Peters wrote, " Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders followed a pretty classic 'special kid and special friends have awesome powers and must defeat the forces of darkness' format. The fact that it met at the intersection of horses, sparkly things, and girl power , though, means that it holds

8979-567: The modern author. In spite of her iconic doomed romance with Lancelot, a number of modern reinterpretations portray her as being manipulated into her affair with Lancelot, with Arthur being her rightful true love. Others present her love for Lancelot as stemming from a relationship that existed prior to her arranged marriage to Arthur, and some do not include the affair at all. In much of modern Arthuriana, Guinevere also assumes more active roles than in her medieval depictions, increasingly even being cast as protagonist. BKN Bohbot Entertainment

9102-647: The monastery to which Guinevere retires as "abbas and rular", to find her salvation in a life of penance. ) Her contrition is sincere and permanent; Lancelot is unable to sway her to come away with him. Guinevere meets Lancelot one last time, refusing to kiss him, then returns to the convent. She spends the remainder of her life as an abbess in joyless sorrow, contrasting with her earlier merry nature. Following her death, Lancelot buries her next to Arthur's (real or symbolic) grave. Modern adaptations of Arthurian legend vary greatly in their depiction of Guinevere, largely because certain aspects of her story must be fleshed out by

9225-592: The mysterious White Knight (Lancelot) arrives from the continent, Guinevere is instantly smitten. The teenage Lancelot first joins the Queen's Knights to serve Guinevere after having been knighted by her. Following Lancelot's early rescue of Guinevere from Maleagant (in Le Morte d'Arthur this episode only happens much later on) and his admission into the Round Table, and with the Lady of the Lake's and Galehaut 's assistance,

9348-576: The name is Gwenhwyfar (also Guenhuibhar , Gwenhwyvar ), which seems to be cognate with the Irish name Findabar (the name of the daughter of Queen Medb and Ailill mac Máta in the Ulster Cycle ); Gwenhwyfar can be translated as "The White Fay/Ghost", from Proto-Celtic *Windo- "white" + *sēbro "phantom" (cognate with Old Irish síabar "a spectre, phantom, supernatural being [usually in pejorative sense]"). Some have suggested that

9471-659: The name may derive from Gwenhwy-fawr , or "Gwenhwy the Great", as a contrast to Gwenhwy-fach , or "Gwenhwy the less". Gwenhwyfach (also spelled Gwenhwyach ) appears in Welsh literature as a sister of Gwenhwyfar, but Welsh scholars Melville Richards and Rachel Bromwich both dismiss this etymology (with Richards suggesting that Gwenhwyfach was a back-formation derived from an incorrect interpretation of Gwenwhy-far as Gwenhwy-fawr ). A cognate name in Modern English

9594-658: The narrative is associated in local folklore with Meigle in Scotland, known for its carved Pictish stones . One of the stones, now in the Meigle Sculptured Stone Museum , is said to depict Vanora , the local name for Guinevere. She is said to have been abducted by King Modred (Mordred). When she is eventually returned to Arthur, he has her condemned to death for infidelity and orders that she be torn to pieces by wild beasts, an event said to be shown on Meigle Stone 2 (Queen Venora's Stone). This stone

9717-401: The next generation. When a new evil threatens Avalon and Merlin suddenly disappears, the current generation of Jewel Riders is tasked with recovering the scattered Crown Jewels and containing wild magic before it gets out of control. The latest incarnation of the group consists of its leader, the 16-year-old Princess Gwenevere, a distant descendant of King Arthur 's wife, Queen Guinevere , who

9840-501: The other hand, in Marie de France 's probably late-12th-century Anglo-Norman poem Lanval (and Thomas Chestre 's later Middle English version, Sir Launfal ), Guinevere is a viciously vindictive adulteress and temptress who plots the titular protagonist's death after failing to seduce him. She ends up punished when she is magically blinded by his secret true love from Avalon , the fairy princess Lady Tryamour (identified by some as

9963-500: The other world would regard as rescues, but which to the Arthurian world appear as abductions." The following narrative is largely based on the Lancelot-Grail (Vulgate) prose cycle and, consequently, Le Morte d'Arthur as abridged by Thomas Malory with some of his changes. It tells the story of the forbidden romance of Sir Lancelot and Queen Guinevere, initially in accordance to the courtly love conventions still popular in

10086-474: The others). In 2011, the Starla version became available for streaming through Netflix for the users in the United States, expanded to the entire first season in 2012. The first two episodes ("Jewel Quest") have been put on YouTube by 41 Entertainment , a new company founded by the producer Allan J. Bohbot. In 2018, most of the episodes have been released in high quality and wide aspect ratio through

10209-520: The otherworldly unicorn Shadowsong. In the final battle between the Riders and Kale and Morgana at the Heart of Avalon and then at the Heart of Wild Magic, Gwenevere is given the magic Staff of Avalon by the Lady of the Lake, the Spirit of Avalon, allowing her to defeat her a second time. The Riders and their allies then unite to fight Morgana, and Gwenevere fuses the Dark Stone with the Sun Stone and obtains

10332-427: The particular hostility displayed towards Guinevere by her sister-in-law Morgan . Guinevere has continued to be a popular character featured in numerous adaptations of the legend since the 19th-century Arthurian revival. Many modern authors, usually following or inspired by Malory's telling, typically still show Guinevere in her illicit relationship with Lancelot as defining her character. The original Welsh form of

10455-419: The plot of this "popular" series, "specifically targeting young girls", features "life lessons to be learned along the way, and the program in general promotes brains over brawn." Syfy 's Brittany Vincent wrote about how this "pleasant and kitschy relic of the past" had been a "perfect fodder for young girls like me looking for strong women and heroes to imitate." Natoo 's jewel line Joyau Magique (Magic Jewel)

10578-409: The popular romancer Chrétien de Troyes calls her Guenievre ( Guenièvre ). The latter form was retained by the authors of Chrétien-influenced French prose cycles, who would use also its variants such as Genievre ( Genièvre ) or Gueneure . Her many other various names appearing through the different periods and regions of medieval Europe include both Gaynour and Waynour ( Waynor[e] ) in

10701-428: The power of her Heart Stone, but wonders where she--and her powers--truly belong. When Merlin begins acting oddly, it's a sign that evil Wild Magic has returned to the kingdom--and so has a foe the Jewel Riders thought they'd once vanquished. With her kingdom, friends, and magic on the line, Gwenevere must choose between the life she loves and knows as a Jewel Rider and her newfound duties." According to Kirkus Reviews ,

10824-406: The powers of the Crown Jewels, but is destroyed. As the Riders celebrate their victory, they discover that the Crown Jewels have been tuned to their Enchanted Jewels, allowing them to channel the magic of Avalon. Merlin also appears to congratulate them, informing them that he sacrificed his staff jewel so that Kale could be defeated and that without it, he will be lost to Wild Magic. While Lady Kale

10947-490: The program on video for free with the pre-order purchase of a related toy. The UK ( Carlton Video 1997), Serbian (Vidcom 1996, "Prizor" dub) and French ( Warner Home Video 2000) VHS releases include some episodes from the second season. In 2005, the rights for the DVD retail in the United States and Canada were given to Digiview Entertainment, which has reserved the right to release the show on DVD . They announced plans to release

11070-515: The queen himself and take Arthur's throne. While in some versions of the legend (like the Alliterative Morte Arthure , which removed French romantic additions) Guinevere assents to Mordred's proposal, in the tales of Lancelot she hides in the Tower of London , where she withstands Mordred's siege, and later takes refuge in a nun convent . Hearing of the treachery, Arthur returns to Britain and slays Mordred at Camlann, but his wounds are so severe that he

11193-446: The queen's rescuer is not Arthur (or Yder) but Lancelot, whose adultery with the queen is dealt with for the first time in this poem. In Chrétien's love triangle of Arthur-Guinevere-Lancelot, Lancelot rescues her from the land of Gorre. It has been suggested that Chrétien invented their affair to supply Guinevere with a courtly extramarital lover (as requested by his patroness, Princess Marie ); Mordred could not be used as his reputation

11316-478: The queen's sister Gwenhwyfach and records the enmity between them. Two Triads ( Trioedd Ynys Prydein , no. 53, 84) mention Gwenhwyfar's contention with her sister, which was believed to be the cause of the disastrous Battle of Camlann . In the Welsh prose Culhwch and Olwen (possibly the first known text featuring Guinevere if indeed correctly dated c. 1100 ), Gwenhwyfach is also mentioned alongside Gwenhwyfar,

11439-498: The queen. Gawain's unarmed brothers Gaheris and Gareth are killed in the battle (among others, including fellow Knights of the Round Aglovale , Segwarides and Tor , and originally also Gawain's third brother Agravain), sending Gawain into a rage so great that he pressures Arthur into a direct confrontation with Lancelot. When Arthur goes after Lancelot to France, he leaves her in the care of Mordred, who plans to marry

11562-480: The saccharine My Little Pony , the Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders series is standard Saturday morning cartoon fodder." Scott Moore of The Buffalo News compared the "underwhelming" Princess Gwenevere to the "overhyped" Sailor Moon . Retrospectively, Rob Bricken of Topless Robot ranked Princess Gwenevere fifth on his 2009 list of "most ridiculous" adaptations of Arthurian legend, commenting that shows like that "were clearly made to take advantage of

11685-696: The same day but from a different mother) whom Arthur takes as his second wife in a very unpopular bigamous move, even refusing to obey the Pope's order for him not to do it, as Guinevere escapes to live with Lancelot in Galehaut's kingdom of Sorelais. The French prose cyclical authors thus intended to justify Guinevere and Lancelot's adultery by blackening Arthur's reputation and thus making it acceptable and sympathetic for their medieval courtly French audience. Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur , however, portrays Arthur as absolutely faithful to Guinevere, even successfully resisting

11808-571: The season finale, Lady Kale seizes control of the Jewel Keep at the Crystal Palace and overthrows Anya, unleashing dark magic onto Avalon and stripping the Jewel Riders of their powers. She then seeks out Merlin to finish him off and become queen, but he uses his remaining power to pull her into Wild Magic, allowing the Riders to release the hidden magic of the Crystal Palace, which is revealed to be an Enchanted Jewel. Kale attempts to absorb

11931-405: The second series contains Deluxe Princess Gwenevere (Starla), Deluxe Tamara, and Deluxe Fallon. According to Time to Play, the action figures' sales "bombed". In the fall of 1996, Hasbro planned to reintroduce revamped versions of the figures as well as new characters from the animated series. The toys had a television advertising campaign featuring a 30-second commercial. Other merchandise included

12054-475: The second set of episodes was turned on, the only two directions to start with were – 1) Search for wild magic jewels since the first set was all found 2) Use Morgana as the ultimate villainess instead of Lady Kale. Fortunately, director Robert Mandell was open to many of my suggestions. That second season had many episodes that grew from my concepts and a very rough storyline suggestion. Since the second season were not yet written and were rushed into production, this

12177-588: The sense of humor," until she acquires more depth and undergoes major changes to her character at the end of the book, arguably (in the words of Derek Brewer ), becoming "the most fascinating, exasperating, and human of all medieval heroines." Such varied tellings may be radically different in not just their depictions of Guinevere but also the manners of her demise. In the Italian 15th-century romance La Tavola Ritonda , Guinevere drops dead from grief upon learning of her husband's fate after Lancelot rescues her from

12300-584: The series was available to be watched for free in a streaming media form on the Lycos Cinema service and later Kidlet.tv; while it was titled as Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders , it was actually the Starla version. In 2009, the show was also made freely available for users of the Internet service SyncTV (available online from the browser for the American users and downloadable for watching for

12423-457: The seven Crown Jewels of the Kingdom that she needs to reign over Avalon forever. She finds the powerful Dark Stone and uses it to trap Merlin and banish him into the deadly realm of wild magic. The arriving Jewel Riders are able to secure the key to the magical Jewel Box where the Crown Jewels are kept, but Kale captures the Box itself along with a winged unicorn named Sunstar. Princess Gwenevere and

12546-600: The show's character designers was the future Emmy Award winner Rob Davies. The overall design was done by Jane Abbot, with Billy Zeats and Greg Autore serving as art directors. Enrico Casarosa was one of the storyboard artists. It was the first series scored by Louis Fagenson; though the French version's soundtrack was the work of Julie Zenatti . The show's CGI effects were created by Ian Tetrault in Autodesk 3ds Max and Adobe After Effects . The actress for Gwenevere/Starla

12669-484: The siege by Arthur's slayer Mordred. In Perlesvaus , it is Kay 's murder of her son Loholt that causes Guinevere to die of anguish; she is then buried in Avalon, together with her son's severed head. Alternatively, in what Arthurian scholars Geoffrey Ashe and Norris J. Lacy call one of "strange episodes" of Ly Myreur des Histors , a romanticized historical/legendary work by Belgian author Jean d'Outremeuse , Guinevere

12792-461: The subscription service Watch It Kid!. It has been since also made available on other streaming platforms, including Apple TV , Amazon Prime Video , Tubi , and PeacockTV . According to Robert Mandell, the show was originally commissioned by Hasbro through reverse toyetic to accompany their line of toys (albeit only in the form of vague outline and the creators developed the plot and the characters). However, according to Variety , Bohbot "took

12915-495: The tale. The earliest datable appearance of Guinevere is in Geoffrey of Monmouth 's pseudo-historical British chronicle Historia Regum Britanniae , in which she is seduced by Mordred during his ill-fated rebellion against Arthur. In a later medieval Arthurian romance tradition from France, a prominent story arc is the queen's tragic love affair with her husband's chief knight and trusted friend, Lancelot , indirectly causing

13038-402: The three-volume graphic novel adaptation, titled Avalon: The Warlock Diaries . A film adaptation of Avalon: Web of Magic was announced in 2012, but was never released. An Avalon animated series project was revealed in 2017. In 2023, nearly three decades after the end of the television series, licensed Princess Gwenevere & the Jewel Riders graphic novels were announced to be released by

13161-490: The two then begin an escalating romantic affair that in the end will inadvertently lead to Arthur's fall. Lancelot refuses the love of many other ladies, dedicates all his heroic deeds to Guinevere's honor, and sends her the redeemable knights he has defeated in battle and who must appeal to her for forgiveness. In the Vulgate Cycle, Lancelot's stepmother Ninianne, the Lady of the Lake, gifts them an identical pair of magic rings of protection against enchantements. In this version,

13284-504: The various Bohbot entities were sued in 1995 along with the producers. In March 1997, BE and DIC Entertainment agreed to a three-year output deal for Bohbot Kids Network consisting of five series. In September, the company renamed their "Amazin' Adventures" block as the Bohbot Kids Network, more commonly referred to by its initials: BKN. By October, Bohbot Enterprises Worldwide, Inc., Bohbot Entertainment, Bohbot Media and

13407-401: The wife of King Arthur . First mentioned in popular literature in the early 12th century, nearly 700 years after the purported times of Arthur, Guinevere has since been portrayed as everything from a fatally flawed, villainous, and opportunistic traitor to a noble and virtuous lady. Many records of the legend also feature the variably recounted story of her abduction and rescue as a major part of

13530-492: The wife of Arthur. This was likely due to Chrétien's audience at the time, the court of Marie, Countess of Champagne , which was composed of courtly ladies who played highly social roles. Later authors use her good and bad qualities to construct a deeper character who plays a larger role in the stories. In Chrétien's Yvain, the Knight of the Lion , for instance, she is praised for her intelligence, friendliness, and gentility. On

13653-588: The work before the final book, and some of these traits may be related to her political qualities and actions. In the 13th-century French cyclical chivalric romances and the later works based on them, including Malory's, Guinevere is the daughter of King Leodegrance of Carmelide (Cameliard), who had served Arthur's father, Uther Pendragon , and was entrusted with the Round Table after Uther's death. The newly-crowned King Arthur defends Leodegrance by defeating King Rience , which leads to his first meeting with

13776-427: The young Guinevere. An arranged marriage of state soon commences, and Arthur receives the Round Table as Guinevere's dowry, having ignored Merlin 's prophetic advice warning him not to marry her. This version of her legend has her betrothed to Arthur early in his career, while he was garnering support and being pressured to produce an heir (which Guinevere, barren as in most other versions, will fail to deliver). When

13899-446: Was acquired as such in March 1994 by LIVE Entertainment (along with Skysurfer Strike Force and Highlander: The Animated Series ). Enchanted Camelot had some major differences in its character design. The August 1994 draft script for the pilot episode of Enchanted Camelot ("Enchanted Quest", which would become "Jewel Quest") has been different in many aspects. According to The Buffalo News , "the production team intended for

14022-464: Was an American advertising and marketing company specializing in the children's market founded in 1985, and had traded under various different names over the years. The company produced and distributed programming under their operated syndicated block – Amazin' Adventures , later renamed to Bohbot Kids Network (BKN). Bohbot Communications Inc. was founded on November 19, 1985, as a media planning and buying service. BC added additional services over

14145-559: Was beyond saving, and Yder had been forgotten entirely. This version has become lastingly popular. Today it is most familiar from its expansion in the prose cycles , where Lancelot comes to her rescue on more than one occasion. There are furthermore several other variants of this motif in medieval literature. In Ulrich's Lanzelet , Valerin, the King of the Tangled Wood, claims the right to marry her and carries her off to his castle in

14268-500: Was changed for the second season because Kerry Butler had to go to Canada for the musical Beauty and the Beast . The show was not renewed for 1997, but a third season was rumored in 1998. The series' art director Greg Autore said about the making of the second season in 1995: "Bohbot wanted European distribution which required 26 [episodes]. So they made the next 13. They would have made more but were waiting to see how it succeeded. When

14391-525: Was descended from a noble Roman family on her mother's side; Layamon too describes her as of Roman descent, as well as being related to Cador. Much later English chroniclers, Thomas Gray in Scalacronica and John Stow in The Chronicles of England , both identify Cador as her cousin and an unnamed King of Biscay (the historical Basque country) as her father. Welsh tradition remembers

14514-489: Was first broadcast in the United States in 1995–1996 on Bohbot Entertainment's "Amazin'! Adventures" block, had U.S. coverage of 80% and aired on 106 stations. Internationally, it has been shown in more than 130 countries in the Starla version. It was acquired by Fox Kids Europe in 2000 (Fox Kids UK had aired it in 1996 before the rest of Fox Kids Europe in 2000). There have been four VHS releases in America by Family Home Entertainment in January 1996 covering only part of

14637-467: Was inspired by Jewel Riders , her favourite childhood cartoon. In 2001, author Rachel Roberts began writing her contemporary fantasy book series Avalon: Web of Magic loosely based on the show and borrowing various concepts and names (including even some of the episode titles), as well as lyrics from some of the songs used in Jewel Riders . As of 2012, the series consists of 12 novels, as well as

14760-525: Was named after her, and her friends Fallon and Tamara. In addition to granting them powers, their personal jewels allow them to safely traverse the tunnels of Wild Magic and communicate with their Special Friends, magic animals who wear a jewel identical to that of their rider. They are often aided by the Pack, a trio of wolf-riding knights of Avalon who wield the Forest Stones. Together, they fight against

14883-685: Was one of two that originally stood near a mound that is identified as Vanora's grave. Modern scholars interpret the Meigle Stone 2 as a depiction of the Biblical tale of Daniel in the lions' den . One Scotland-related story takes place in Hector Boece 's Historia Gentis Scotorum , where Guinevere is taken north by the Picts following Mordred's and Arthur's deaths at Camlann and spends the rest of her life in their captivity; after her death, she

15006-513: Was renamed to BKN Studios. BKN International went public and independent of BKN in 1999 on the Frankfurt Neuer Market stock exchange with BKN retaining 34% ownership. In January 2000, Bohbot Entertainment & Media Inc. was sued by Sinclair Broadcast Group over a supposed failure of Bohbot to purchase enough advertising on the broadcasting group's TV stations as agreed to in their BKN Network carriage agreement. In July,

15129-445: Was where I had the most fun. Instead of just translating the characters and creating new fashions, I was free to create many new powers and adventures for the show. While I had input on many of the first episodes, I was now creating the basic storylines for entire episodes. Robert always had Morgana in the back of his head as a villainess he wanted to do. Now we could break out and expand the world of Avalon in different ways." The series

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