88-503: The Rover P5 is a series of large saloon and coupé cars that were produced by Rover from 1958 until 1973. The models were marketed under the names Rover 3 Litre , Rover 3.5 Litre and Rover 3½ Litre . The P5 was a larger car than the P4 which in some respects it replaced. 69,141 examples were built. A major step ahead for Rover came with the P5 model of 1958, a large luxury saloon with
176-589: A Girling brake system that employed 11-inch (280 mm) drums all round, but this was a heavy car and by the time of the London Motor Show in October 1959 Girling front power disc brakes were fitted. The suspension was independent at the front using wishbones and torsion bars and at the rear had a live axle with semi-elliptic leaf springs. A Mark I-A line, introduced in September 1961, featured
264-471: A 3-litre version of Rover's six-cylinder Inlet Over Exhaust (IOE) engine carried forward from the Rover P4 series. It was the first Rover car with unitary bodywork , styled by David Bache. This model combined elegance with dignity, and had a traditionally well-appointed interior. Later developments of the P5 included the more rakish coupe with a lowered roof line, and the 3.5 litre V8 model of 1967 which for
352-600: A footman/mechanic) was the first sedan, since it is the first known car to be produced with a roof. A one-off instance of similar coachwork is also known in a 1900 De Dion-Bouton Type D. A sedan is typically considered to be a fixed-roof car with at least four seats. Based on this definition, the earliest sedan was the 1911 Speedwell , which was manufactured in the United States. In American English , Latin American Spanish , and Brazilian Portuguese ,
440-679: A four-door station wagon from 1958 until 1960 in the Rambler and Ambassador series. In 1973, the US government passed Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 216 creating a standard roof strength test to measure the integrity of roof structure in motor vehicles to come into effect some years later. Hardtop sedan body style production ended with the 1978 Chrysler Newport . Roofs were covered with vinyl, and B-pillars were minimized by styling methods like matt black finishes. Stylists and engineers soon developed more subtle solutions. A close-coupled sedan
528-450: A healthy 3,905 cc (3.9 L) engine will produce in excess of 240 bhp. Once a reproducible specification had been determined, the bulk of engine production was undertaken by North Coventry Kawasaki (NCK), which company was subsequently purchased by TVR to become their in-house engine division known as TVR Power. About 100 cars (TVR 390SE) were built with the 3,905 cc (3.9 L) engine; TVR's later '400' offering being based on
616-605: A horizontal trunk lid. The term is generally only referred to in marketing when it is necessary to differentiate between two sedan body styles (e.g., notchback and fastback) of the same model range. Several sedans have a fastback profile but a hatchback-style tailgate is hinged at the roof. Examples include the Peugeot 309 , Škoda Octavia , Hyundai Elantra XD , Chevrolet Malibu Maxx , BMW 4 Series Grand Coupe , Audi A5 Sportback , and Tesla Model S . The names hatchback and sedan are often used to differentiate between body styles of
704-476: A manufacturer produces two-door sedan and four-door sedan versions of the same model, the shape and position of the greenhouse on both versions may be identical, with only the B-pillar positioned further back to accommodate the longer doors on the two-door versions. A sedan chair, a sophisticated litter , is an enclosed box with windows used to transport one seated person. Porters at the front and rear carry
792-418: A minor restyle with added front quarter windows, intended to "assist the dashboard ventilation". Under the metal, the 1A featured modifications to the engine mountings and the automatic transmission and hydrosteer variable ratio power steering as an option. By 1962, when production of the original Mark I series ended, 20,963 had been produced. An automatic version tested by The Motor magazine in 1960 had
880-537: A new intake and exhaust system, extra block ribbing, revised pistons, and larger cross-bolted main bearings . The 1995 4.0 produced 190 hp (142 kW; 193 PS) and 236 lb⋅ft (320 N⋅m). Production of the 4.0 ended in 2003. The final version of the engine, used until 2004 in the Land Rover Discovery , produced 188 hp (140 kW; 191 PS) at 4,750 rpm and 250 lb⋅ft (339 N⋅m) at 2,600 rpm. Applications: In
968-485: A one-person enclosed box with windows and carried by porters. Variations of the sedan style include the close-coupled sedan, club sedan, convertible sedan, fastback sedan, hardtop sedan, notchback sedan, and sedanet. A sedan ( / s ɪ ˈ d æ n / ) is a car with a closed body (i.e., a fixed metal roof) with the engine, passengers, and cargo in separate compartments. This broad definition does not differentiate sedans from various other car body styles. Still, in practice,
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#17327727778881056-580: A pair of fog lights which were added below the headlights, creating a striking four-light array, and the fitting of chrome Rostyle wheels with black painted inserts. The P5B existed as both the 4-door coupé and saloon body style until end of production. Production ended in 1973, by when 9,099 coupés and 11,501 saloons had been built. The 3½ Litre saloon variant was a favourite of high-ranking government ministers, and served as Prime Ministerial transport for Harold Wilson , Edward Heath , James Callaghan , and Margaret Thatcher . As testament to their suitability,
1144-574: A railroad train's club carriage (e.g.,, the lounge or parlour carriage). From the 1910s to the 1950s, several United States manufacturers have named models either Sedanet or Sedanette. The term originated as a smaller version of the sedan; however, it has also been used for convertibles and fastback coupes. Models that have been called Sedanet or Sedanette include the 1917 Dort Sedanet, King , 1919 Lexington , 1930s Cadillac Fleetwood Sedanette, 1949 Cadillac Series 62 Sedanette, 1942-1951 Buick Super Sedanet , and 1956 Studebaker . Sedans, as
1232-400: A rare variant of the 3.9. This unit has 93.5 mm (3.68 in) cylinder bores (instead of Rover's own 94 mm (3.7 in) that was introduced some years later) and thus has a capacity of 3,905 cc (3.9 L). Flat-topped pistons and high-lift camshaft gave a compression ratio of 10.5:1. TVR claimed 275 bhp as the output and whilst this is generally disregarded by aficionados,
1320-462: A similar 300/340/350 cid engine (iron block and alloy heads, later all-iron) (1964–1980), as well as a V6 derivative (1962–2008) which proved to have a very long and successful life. In January 1964 Rover gave American operations head J. Bruce McWilliams permission to investigate the possible purchase of an American V8 engine for Rover cars. History relates that McWilliams first saw the Buick V8 at
1408-414: A specific category of automobiles, have had serious social consequences shaped by their design and use. Their compact and fuel-efficient nature has made them a preferred choice for urban and suburban settings, promoting individual mobility. However, this accessibility has contributed to increased urban sprawl and car dependency. Sedans, like other private vehicles, encourage dispersed living patterns, reducing
1496-409: A top speed of 95.0 miles per hour (152.9 km/h) and could accelerate from 0–60 miles per hour (0–97 km/h) in 17.1 seconds. A fuel consumption of 20.5 miles per imperial gallon (13.8 L/100 km; 17.1 mpg ‑US ) was recorded. The test car cost £1,864 including taxes. The Mark II version of the P5 was introduced in 1962. It featured more power, 129 horsepower (96 kW), from
1584-457: Is a body style produced in the United States during the 1920s and 1930s. Their two-box boxy styling made these sedans more like crossover vehicles than traditional three-box sedans. Like other close-coupled body styles, the rear seats are farther forward than a regular sedan. This reduced the length of the body; close-coupled sedans, also known as town sedans, were the shortest of the sedan models offered. Models of close-coupled sedans include
1672-463: Is called Limousine and a limousine is a Stretch-Limousine . In the United States, two-door sedan models were marketed as Tudor in the Ford Model A (1927–1931) series. Automakers use different terms to differentiate their products and for Ford's sedan body styles "the tudor (2-door) and fordor (4-door) were marketing terms designed to stick in the minds of the public." Ford continued to use
1760-473: Is sturdy enough to be a popular choice for banger racing . A Rover P5 3-litre was the seventh of the "Magnificent Seven" finishers in the 1963 Safari Rally . One humorous theory is that the car was so heavy that it sank through the mud until it found bedrock. In some respects it is difficult to establish exactly how many Rover P5s Queen Elizabeth II had because she had arranged to carry forward her personal number plates JGY 280 on most of her private cars, with
1848-684: The Chrysler Imperial , Duesenberg Model A , and Packard 745 A two-door sedan for four or five passengers but with less room for passengers than a standard sedan. A Coach body has no external trunk for luggage. Haajanen says it can be difficult to tell the difference between a Club and a Brougham and a Coach body, as if manufacturers were more concerned with marketing their product than adhering to strict body style definitions. Close-coupled saloons originated as four-door thoroughbred sporting horse-drawn carriages with little room for rear passengers' feet. In automotive use, manufacturers in
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#17327727778881936-765: The Honda C engine as its top engine choice. MG Rover Group used the 4.6 L SOHC 2-valve Ford Modular V8 engine in the Rover 75 and MG ZT 260 from 2003-2005. The Rover V8 remained with Land Rover when it was sold to Ford by BMW . Although Land Rover has switched to the Jaguar AJ-V8 engine for new applications, they wanted production of the engine to continue, and they arranged for production to restart in Weston-super-Mare under MCT, an engineering and manufacturing company. MCT will continue limited production of
2024-569: The Jaguar AJ-V8 engine, the last mass-produced Rover V8 was made in May 2004, after 37 years of production, and just under 1 million engines produced. The 2004 Land Rover Discovery II was the last mass-produced vehicle to use it. The last Rover-badged vehicle that used the Rover V8 was the Rover SD1 , which was discontinued in 1986 and replaced by the Rover 800 , which used a 2.7 litre variant of
2112-412: The London Motor Show in October 1965, described at the time as "even more luxuriously trimmed and furnished". It was again available in two 4-door body styles, coupé and saloon. The Mark III used the same engine as its predecessor, but it now produced 134 horsepower (100 kW). Externally it could be distinguished by the full-length trim strip along the body and Mark III badging; internally, it replaced
2200-711: The Studebaker Four and Studebaker Six models were marketed as sedans. There were fully enclosed automobile bodies before 1912. Long before that time, the same fully enclosed but horse-drawn carriages were known as a brougham in the United Kingdom, berline in France, and berlina in Italy; the latter two have become the terms for sedans in these countries. It is sometimes stated that the 1899 Renault Voiturette Type B (a 2-seat car with an extra external seat for
2288-539: The "3-litre". It was powered by a 2,995-cubic-centimetre (182.8 cu in) engine. This straight-6 IOE engine used an overhead intake valve and side exhaust valve, an unusual arrangement inherited from the Rover P4 . In this form, output of 115 brake horsepower (86 kW) was claimed. An automatic transmission , overdrive on the manual, and Burman power steering were optional, with overdrive becoming standard from May 1960. Stopping power came originally from
2376-406: The '450 BV' (Big Valve). In 1995, Land Rover enlarged the Rover V8 to 4,552 cc (4.6 L; 277.8 cu in). The bore remained the same size as the previous 4.0 at 94 mm (3.7 in), but the engine was stroked by 10.9 mm (0.43 in) giving 82 mm (3.23 in) in total. Output was 225 hp (168 kW; 228 PS) and 280 lb⋅ft (380 N⋅m). Production of
2464-406: The 21st century, saloon remains in the long-established names of particular motor races. In other languages, sedans are known as berline ( French ), berlina ( European Spanish , European Portuguese , Romanian , and Italian ), though they may include hatchbacks. These names, like the sedan, all come from forms of passenger transport used before the advent of automobiles. In German , a sedan
2552-583: The 4.6 ended at Solihull , UK, in 2004. The final version, introduced in the Range Rover P38 , produced 218 hp (163 kW; 221 PS) at 4,750 rpm and 300 lb⋅ft (407 N⋅m) at 2,600 rpm. The last mass-produced application of the Rover V8 was in the Land Rover Discovery , up until the vehicle was redesigned in 2005. It is still used by some hand-built sports cars built by some independent manufacturers. Applications: A 5.0 L; 304.9 cu in (4,997 cc) variant of
2640-471: The Buick 215, leading to the nickname "BOP 215" for the engine (BOP standing for Buick/Oldsmobile/Pontiac). The aluminium engine was relatively expensive to produce, however, and it suffered problems with oil and coolant sealing, as well as with radiator clogging from use of antifreeze incompatible with aluminium . As a result, GM ceased production of the all-aluminium engine after 1963, although Buick retained
2728-470: The Chimaera, there also existed a version with an 80 mm (3.15 in) crank and 94 mm (3.7 in) bore giving 4,444 cc (4.4 L; 271.2 cu in) capacity, which was used by TVR in the low-volume special 450 SEAC , the race version thereof and the subsequent Tuscan Challenge racers. A tiny number of Griffith and Chimaera road cars were built with a version of this engine, known as
Rover P5 - Misplaced Pages Continue
2816-588: The GEMS system (many years) and finally Bosch Motronics for 2 years. The engine is still cast now (2011), in an improved version, by Coscast in Birmingham, UK . As well as appearing in Rover cars, the engine was sold by Rover to small car builders, and has appeared in a wide variety of vehicles. Rover V8s feature in some models from Morgan +8 , TVR , Triumph TR8 , Land Rover and MGB V8 , among many others. By
2904-582: The Land Rover and TVR versions lies in the usage of Land Rover 3.9 pistons (usually of the 9.35:1 compression version, some report of low compression (8.13:1) pistons being used in a small number of engines) of which the tops were machined down to match the deck height, thus increasing static compression ratio. Head gaskets were originally copper and slightly thicker than the composite gaskets of later engines. TVR 4.3 engines tended to have elaborately ported cylinder heads with minimized valve guide protrusion into
2992-687: The Meteor's 60° bank angle. Meteorites were built for heavy duty vehicles, for marine use and as stationary power units: it powered the Thornycroft Antar or Mighty Antar Tank Transporter – and as such was used to transport Meteor-engined tanks – and also heavy transport on the Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Scheme in Australia. As the aluminium block made this engine one of the lightest stock V8s built, it
3080-540: The Queen and retained at the Gaydon Motor Heritage Museum. Sedan (car) A sedan or saloon ( British English ) is a passenger car in a three-box configuration with separate compartments for an engine, passengers, and cargo. The first recorded use of sedan in reference to an automobile body occurred in 1912. The name derives from the 17th-century litter known as a sedan chair,
3168-488: The Queen until March 1974, as it had a number of modifications as a consequence of the Irish troubles. The Queen appears to have wanted to retain her private registration JGY 280 which had been on all of her earlier Rovers, but the car was given the contemporary number of JGY 280K – presumably because that was less conspicuous for a car which she used to drive unaccompanied on public roads. As of 1997, both cars were still owned by
3256-483: The Rover V8 was used in two models by British sportscar manufacturer TVR . The bore and the stroke was 94 mm × 90 mm (3.70 in × 3.54 in). These models, the Griffith and Chimaera used the 5.0 L (4,997 cc) unit in their top-end specifications. The factory quotes up to 340 bhp (254 kW; 345 PS) and 350 lb⋅ft (475 N⋅m) of torque. Applications: Moreover, in
3344-540: The Royal Household more generally. The first of these two cars was VIN 84007057D, which was finished in a special dark green (Recorded as T&N Dark Green) which she specifically requested and it was delivered towards the end of January 1971 with the registration number JGY 280. The Queen's second car was also in the T&;N Dark Green and was VIN 84100723D – the last P5B manufactured in 1973 but not delivered to
3432-475: The SD1 and Range Rover. Land Rover used a 3,946 cc (3.9 L; 240.8 cu in) version of the Rover V8 throughout the 1990s. Bore was increased to 94 mm (3.70 in) and stroke remained the same at 2.8 in (71.12 mm). The engine was revised in 1995 and thereafter referred to as a 4.0 to differentiate it from the earlier version, although displacement was unchanged. The revisions consisted of
3520-473: The Tudor name for 5-window coupes, 2-door convertibles, and roadsters since all had two doors. The Tudor name was also used to describe the Škoda 1101/1102 introduced in 1946. The public popularized the name for a two-door model and was then applied by the automaker to the entire line that included a four-door sedan and station wagon versions. In the United States, the notchback sedan distinguishes models with
3608-452: The UK) versions were planned, the closure by British Leyland of their Australian operations in 1975 precluded the widespread application of this engine. British Leyland did import one complete P76 engine for assessment but it was never fitted to a vehicle and was sold off on the demise of the company. Applications: Not to be confused with the later 4.6-litre engine which TVR badged as a '4.5' for
Rover P5 - Misplaced Pages Continue
3696-559: The US there is a strong contingent of builders who select the Buick or Rover aluminium V8 engine for use in small sporty cars like the MGB . The 1964 Buick iron-block 4.9 L (300 cu in) engine had aluminium cylinder heads, 3.75 bore and a longer 3.4" stroke crankshaft , which with modification can be used with the Buick 215 or Rover engine blocks to produce a high-output, very light weight V8 with displacement of up to about 4.9 L (300 cu in). The 300 crank, after machining
3784-411: The United Kingdom used the term to develop the chummy body, where passengers were forced to be friendly because they were tightly packed. They provided weather protection for extra passengers in what would otherwise be a two-seater car. Two-door versions would be described in the United States and France as coach bodies. A postwar example is the Rover 3 Litre Coupé . Produced in the United States from
3872-509: The United Kingdom, based on a General Motors engine. It has been used in a wide range of vehicles from Rover and other manufacturers since its British debut in 1967. The Rover V8 began life as the Buick 215 , an all-aluminium OHV pushrod engine introduced in 1960 for the 1961 US model year (it was on their drawing boards in the late 1950s). The compact alloy engine was light, at just 144 kg (317 lb), and capable of high power outputs:
3960-583: The V12 Meteor engine production used in a range of world war two tanks and the post war Centurion Tank - (the Meteor V12 was a 'detuned' version of the Merlin aero engine). From this a V8 variant was developed. The Rover Meteorite , also known as Rolls-Royce Meteorite , was a V8 petrol engine of 18.01 L (1,099 cu in) capacity. In essence it was two-thirds of a V12 Meteor, and it shared
4048-662: The V8 engine in 1982, moving it from the main BL engine plant at Acock's Green into a new, much lower-capacity production line in the Solihull works, where it was built alongside the other Land Rover engines . This meant that there was no spare capacity to build diesel versions of the engine. Coupled to this, it was clear that the market for large diesel engined cars in North America had not developed as expected. BL finally pulled out of
4136-537: The alloy cylinder heads and internal cooling. They were limited by the need to use the same basic block casting as the petrol engine to allow the Iceberg engine to be produced on the same production line to reduce costs. Whilst these problems could have been overcome, the project ran into financial and logistical problems caused by the reorganisation of BL and specifically the splitting of Land Rover and Rover into separate divisions. Land Rover took over production of
4224-507: The aluminium V8 for their Australia-only 1973 Leyland P76 . The bore and the stroke was 88.9 mm × 88.9 mm (3.50 in × 3.50 in), making it a square engine. The block deck height was extended and longer conrods were fitted 158.75 mm (6.250 in) between centres. A Bendix Stromberg two-barrel carburettor was used in place of SU carburettors. This rare engine produced 200 hp (149 kW; 203 PS) and 280 lb⋅ft (380 N⋅m) and, although export (to
4312-526: The chair with horizontal poles. Litters date back to long before ancient Egypt, India, and China. Sedan chairs were developed in the 1630s. Etymologists suggest the name of the chair very probably came through varieties of Italian from the Latin sedere , or the Proto-Indo-European root " sed- " meaning "to sit." The first recorded use of sedan for an automobile body occurred in 1912 when
4400-482: The density of communities and limiting opportunities for local social interactions. This can lead to a decline in neighborhood growth and an increase in reliance on cars for even short trips, increasing environmental and health concerns through CO2 and Greenhouse Gas emissions and reduced physical activity . Furthermore, while sedans are a practical solution for families and individuals, their role in encouraging road-centric urban planning has been criticized for reducing
4488-403: The early 1980s TVR approached Andy Rouse with a view to using his race-developed 3.9 L (3,946 cc) variant of the V8 in their Rover-powered TVR 350i 'wedge'; Rouse had successfully campaigned a Rover SD1 with a modified V8 on the track. For a number of reasons (primarily cost) Rouse's version was not used, but the concept was passed to alternative engineering firms which resulted in
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#17327727778884576-638: The engine for the foreseeable future, supplying engines for aftermarket and replacement use. The Rover V8 based on the Buick design was not the first V8 engine produced by Rover. When the Rover Company was having engineering differences of opinion regarding the development of the Whittle turbine engine, the Wilks brothers did a deal with Rolls-Royce to swap technologies. The turbine engine project at Barnoldswick went to Rolls-Royce and Rover Co took over
4664-402: The engine had a displacement of 3.5 L; 215.3 cu in (3,528 cc). The bore and the stroke was 88.9 mm × 71.12 mm (3.50 in × 2.80 in). All Rover V8s were OHV pushrod engines with two valves per cylinder. It used a sand-cast block with pressed-in iron cylinder liners , and a new intake manifold with two HS6 type SU Carburettors . The Rover engine
4752-514: The engine. Both naturally aspirated and turbocharged versions were produced, both using a Stanadyne rotary mechanical fuel injection system. Power outputs of around 100 (naturally aspirated) and 150 (turbocharged) horsepower were achieved. The Iceberg engine was slated for fitment in the Range Rover , Rover SD1 and the Jaguar XJ but the project encountered problems with failure of
4840-498: The exception of her last P5B which was JGY 280K. In February 1961 the Queen took delivery of her first Rover P5 3 litre Mk 1 which was registered JGY 280 and finished in dark green. In May 1961 the Queen Mother took delivery of a similar 3 litre car registered VUL 4. Neither car was obviously different from standard specification, although VUL 4 did carry a discreet identifying lamp at the base of its roof-mounted radio aerial and
4928-486: The first time used an all-aluminium V8 engine design purchased from the Buick Motor Division of General Motors Corporation in the United States. The 3- and 3.5-litre models became favourites for transport of dignitaries, including British Prime Ministers from Harold Wilson to Margaret Thatcher. The Queen also used several Rover P5 cars for her private motoring. The P5 appeared in September 1958, badged as
5016-589: The last batch of P5Bs to roll off the Rover line in June 1973 was purchased by the British government and placed in storage, to be released for government use as required. For that reason, registered relatively new-looking P5s were therefore still familiar sights in Westminster for more than a decade after production had ended. When Margaret Thatcher entered Downing Street in 1979 after her election victory , she
5104-478: The late 1990s, the Rover V8 had become uncompetitive with other V8 engines in its class. Compared to modern V8 engines, It produced less horsepower, it used much more fuel, and used an aged pushrod architecture, whereas V8 engines made by other automakers often used overhead-cam designs. After Land Rover switched to the BMW M62 V8 in the 2003 Range Rover , and the petrol-powered Land Rover Discovery 3 switched to
5192-475: The mains to the 215 size in the 215 block yields 4.3 L (260 cu in). Traco in the USA were prominent builders of such engines. The British made engines were run on two SU carburettors, initially HS6 then HIF6 and HIF44 variants (14 years), then two CD175 Stromberg carburettors (2–3 years), Bosch L-Jetronic (7–8 years, aka Lucas 4CU Flapper), then Hitachi Hotwire (5 years, aka Lucas 14CUX ), then
5280-436: The mid-1920s to the mid-1950s, the name club sedan was used for highly appointed models using the sedan chassis. Some people describe a club sedan as a two-door vehicle with a body style otherwise identical to the sedan models in the range. Others describe a club sedan as having either two or four doors and a shorter roof and therefore less interior space than the other sedan models in the range. Club sedan originates from
5368-514: The mid-1980s, hot rodders discovered the 215 could be stretched to as much as 5.0 L (305 cu in), using the Buick 300 crankshaft, new cylinder sleeves , and an assortment of non-Buick parts. It could also be fitted with high-compression cylinder heads from the Morgan +8 . Using the 5-litre Rover block and crankshaft, a displacement of 5.2 L (317.8 cu in) is possible and used primarily in racing applications, stretching
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#17327727778885456-452: The most powerful Buick version of this engine rated 200 hp (149 kW), and the very similar Oldsmobile "Jetfire" turbocharged version made 215 hp (160 kW), both numbers SAE gross . Based on sales volume and press reports, the engine was a success. Buick produced 376,799 cars with this engine in just three years. A comparable number of Oldsmobile 215 engines were produced. In addition, some Pontiac models were fitted with
5544-467: The ports, and Duplex timing chain with timing adjustment by vernier gear were specified although in practice, not all engines received it. Camshafts were usually Kent Cams 214 spec, although 'big valve' versions could have a 224 or even a 234 (race) cam installed. The so-called 'pre-cat' versions of the Griffith predominantly used this engine, although a 4.0-litre version was also available. The Chimaera
5632-553: The project in 1983. Perkins initially decided to pursue the project alone, and even produced advertising brochures for the engine as an industrial power unit, but BL withdrew all technical support and Project Iceberg was wrapped up in late 1983. BL's other collaboration with Perkins (producing a diesel version of the O-Series engine ) produced the highly successful 'Prima' unit. BL (and its Rover Group successor) bought in 2.5-litre 4-cylinder turbodiesel units from VM Motori to use in
5720-402: The rear bench seat with two individually moulded rear seats, making it more comfortable to ride in for four occupants but less so for five. A total of 3,919 saloons and 2,501 coupés had been sold by the time production ended in 1967. The final iteration of the P5 appeared in September 1967. Now powered by the 3,528 cc (215 cu in) Rover V8 engine also used in the 3500 , the car
5808-465: The same 3-litre engine and an improved suspension, while dropping the glass wind deflectors from the top of the window openings which also, on the front doors, now featured "quarterlight" windows . The most notable addition to the range was the option of the Coupé body style launched in autumn 1962. Unlike most coupés, which tend to be two-door versions of four-door saloons, this retained the four doors and
5896-546: The same at 94.0 mm (3.70 in), while stroke increased to 77.0 mm (3.03 in). Applications: For the Griffith and Chimaera, TVR Power, a Coventry-based subsidiary of sportscar maker TVR, built a Rover V8-version with a 4.3 L; 261.2 cu in (4,280 cc) displacement using the 77 mm (3.03 in) stroke crankshaft and 94 mm (3.7 in) bore size. The bore and stroke were identical to Rover's 4.2 engine but Rover rounded down to 4.2 L while TVR rounded up to 4.3 L. The main difference between
5984-429: The same model. To avoid confusion, the term hatchback sedan is not often used. There have been many sedans with a fastback style. Hardtop sedans were a popular body style in the United States from the 1950s to the 1970s. Hardtops are manufactured without a B-pillar leaving uninterrupted open space or, when closed, glass along the side of the vehicle. The top was intended to look like a convertible's top. However, it
6072-500: The term sedan is used (accented as sedán in Spanish). In British English , a car of this configuration is called a saloon ( / s ə ˈ l u n / ). Hatchback sedans are known simply as hatchbacks (not hatchback saloons ); long-wheelbase luxury saloons with a division between the driver and passengers are limousines . In Australia and New Zealand , sedan is now predominantly used; they were previously simply cars. In
6160-470: The then-current Range Rover 4L of 3,946 cc (3.9 L). Applications: Land Rover extended the 3,946 cc (3.9 L) engine for the top LSE specification of the Classic Range Rover . The "4.2"-litre engine had an actual displacement of 4,275 cc (4.3 L; 260.9 cu in), and used the crankshaft castings from the failed "Iceberg" diesel engine project. Bore remained
6248-697: The tooling, which they finally agreed to do in January 1965. Retiring Buick engineer Joe Turlay moved to the UK to act as a consultant. The Rover V8 has long been a relatively common engine for kit car use in Britain, much as the Chevrolet small-block V8 is for American hot rod builders (though many British hot rods have traditionally used four cylinder engines, like the Ford Pinto and Crossflow units). Even in
6336-546: The typical characteristics of sedans are: It is sometimes suggested that sedans must have four doors (to provide a simple distinction between sedans and two-door coupés ); others state that a sedan can have four or two doors. Although the sloping rear roofline defined the coupe, the design element has become common on many body styles with manufacturers increasingly "cross-pollinating" the style so that terms such as sedan and coupé have been loosely interpreted as "'four-door coupes' - an inherent contradiction in terms." When
6424-444: The viability of public transportation and active transport modes like walking and cycling. In cities heavily dependent on sedans, air pollution, noise, and traffic fatalities often increase, posing public health risks and environmental challenges . Rover V8 engine The Rover V8 engine is a compact OHV V8 internal combustion engine with aluminium cylinder block and cylinder heads , designed and produced by Rover in
6512-462: The wake of the 1979 energy crisis . It was decided that a new series of diesel engines powerful, refined and economical enough for use in BL cars was needed. However, with development funding tight, it was necessary to use existing BL petrol engines as a base. This included a diesel version of the 3.5 litres (3,528 cc) V8, the development project for which was code-named 'Iceberg'. BL collaborated with Perkins Engines of Peterborough to develop
6600-586: The works of Mercury Marine , where he was discussing the sale of Rover gas turbines and diesel engines to the company (Mercury Marine did indeed use the Land Rover 2.25 L (137.3 cu in) diesel engine in marinised form) . However, it is likely that McWilliams was aware of the Buick engine before this. In any case, McWilliams realised that the lightweight Buick V8 would be ideal for smaller British cars (indeed, it weighed less than many straight-4 engines it would replace). McWilliams and William Martin-Hurst began an aggressive campaign to convince GM to sell
6688-710: Was an additional car, not a replacement, and delivered to the Royal Estate at Sandringham and is still housed in the Royal Mews and is on display for visitors to see, among other Royal vehicles. It is clear that the Queen had considered the Rover P5 her favourite car during the 1960s and when the 3-litre models were no longer available, she took delivery of her first P5B replacement. Rover records suggest that just two P5Bs were delivered for her personal use and both were saloons, although other P5Bs were undoubtedly used by
6776-463: Was an obvious choice for use in racing. Mickey Thompson entered a car powered by this engine in the 1962 Indianapolis 500 . From 1946 to 1962 there had not been a single stock-block car entered in this famous race. In 1962 the Buick 215 was the only non- Offenhauser powered entry in the field of 33 cars. Rookie driver Dan Gurney qualified eighth and raced well for 92 laps before retiring with transmission problems. The Rover version of this engine
6864-584: Was badged as the "3.5 Litre", and commonly known as the 3½ Litre. The final letter in the "P5B" model name came from Buick , the engine's originator. Rover did not have the budget to develop a new engine; hence, they chose to develop the lightweight aluminium Buick engine, making it considerably stronger. While this added some weight, it still maintained the engine's light and compact features. The Borg Warner Type-35 automatic transmission, hydrosteer variable ratio power steering and front Lucas fog lights were now standard. Output of 160 metric horsepower (120 kW)
6952-474: Was claimed along with improved torque. When introduced in 1967, the Buick-designed V8 produced 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) at 5,200 rpm and 210 lb⋅ft (280 N⋅m) of torque at 2,600 rpm. The greater power of the engine, along with its lower weight, provided improved performance as well as fuel economy. The exterior was mostly unchanged, apart from bold "3.5 Litre" badging,
7040-485: Was driven in a 1972 model. It was during Thatcher's eleven-year tenure that the P5 was eventually phased out as a Prime-Ministerial car, in favour of the Jaguar XJ . Queen Elizabeth II also owned an Arden Green Rover P5B Saloon "JGY 280", which is on display at the Heritage Motor Centre , Gaydon, Warwickshire and was seen in the 18 May 2003 episode of BBC motoring show Top Gear . The Rover P5
7128-594: Was extensively developed and used for rallying, especially in Triumph TR8 sports cars. The Australian Repco V8 F1 engine being based on Buick 215 block is technically a common misconception, as the Rover/Buick V8 had only 5 cylinder head studs around each cylinder unit and that cannot accommodate the 6 stud Repco RB620 heads. The Repco V8 was based on the Oldsmobile 215 block of the same era, which
7216-543: Was fixed and made of hard material that did not fold. All manufacturers in the United States from the early 1950s into the 1970s provided at least a 2-door hardtop model in their range and a 4-door hardtop. The lack of side bracing demanded a strong, heavy chassis frame to combat unavoidable flexing. The pillarless design was also available in four-door models using unibody construction. For example, Chrysler moved to unibody designs for most of its models in 1960 and American Motors Corporation offered four-door sedans, as well
7304-428: Was heavier but stronger than the Buick engine, with a dry weight of about 170 kg (370 lb). It was first offered in the 1967 Rover P5B saloon, initially making 184 PS (135 kW; 181 hp) (gross) / 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) (net) at 5,200 rpm and 226 lb⋅ft (306 N⋅m) (gross) / 210 lb⋅ft (285 N⋅m) (net) of torque at 2,600 rpm on 10.5:1 compression (5-star petrol
7392-575: Was illuminated when in use by a member of the Royal family. This was to allow the police on point duty to quickly identify and usher the Royal Rover through the traffic. In 1963 the Queen took delivery of the first of two 3 Litre Mk 2 cars, the first carrying forward the personal number plate JGY 280 with the second Mk 2 being built rather later, finished in Pine Green, and registered 155 HYU. This
7480-411: Was introduced with choice of 4.0- and 4.3-litre engines. A small number of 'Big Valve' versions, sporting modified cylinder heads with 43 mm (1.7 in) intake and 37 mm (1.5 in) exhaust valves and a more radical camshaft profile, found their way to early Griffiths and Chimaeras. Applications: Leyland of Australia produced a 4,414 cc (4.4 L; 269.4 cu in) version of
7568-469: Was of the same width and length as the saloon, but featured a roofline lowered by two and a half inches (6.4 cm) along with thinner b-pillars, giving it the look of a hardtop . Hydrosteer power-assisted steering was standard on the coupé and optional on the saloon. Production of the Mark II ended in 1965, by which time 5,482 coupés and 15,676 saloons had been produced. The Mark III was presented at
7656-503: Was then still available in the UK). With the introduction of the Rover SD1 in 1976, the engine was improved with the 'rope' oil seals for the crankshaft ends replaced with lip seals, spark plug dimensions changed and the compression ratio lowered to 9.35:1. Applications: In the late 1970s, British Leyland became aware of the increasing importance of diesel engined cars to the British, European and (especially) North American markets in
7744-423: Was very similar in appearance, size and material, but used 6 cylinderhead studs per cylinder. The subtle difference in block design/head clamping originated in Oldsmobile 's intention to produce the higher power, turbo-charged Jetfire version of the small/light V8, however, the public/press tended not to be aware of the internal difference. Hotstox use Rover V8 in their stock cars. The initial Rover version of
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