The Rooney Rule is a National Football League policy that requires league teams to interview ethnic-minority candidates for head coaching and senior football operation jobs. It could be considered an example of affirmative action , though before 2022 there was no hiring quota or preference given to minorities, only a quota for interviewing. The first actual hiring quota was established before the 2022 season, mandating that at least one member of each team's offensive coaching staff must be either an ethnic minority or a woman. The Rooney Rule was established in 2003, and variations of the rule are now in place in other industries.
75-701: The rule is named after Dan Rooney , the former owner of the Pittsburgh Steelers and former chairman of the league's diversity committee. It was created as a reaction to the 2002 firings of head coaches Tony Dungy of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Dennis Green of the Minnesota Vikings , at a time when Dungy had a winning record and Green had just had his first losing season in ten years. Shortly afterwards, U.S. civil rights attorneys Cyrus Mehri and Johnnie Cochran released
150-464: A Republican bent. Rooney responded to his public endorsement with: "When I think of Barack Obama's America I have great hope. I support his candidacy and look forward to his Presidency." Rooney was the benefactor of the Rooney Prize for Irish Literature and vice-chairman of The American Ireland Fund . He was also a founding chairman of The Mentoring Partnership of Southwestern Pennsylvania. He
225-619: A career high four passes and recovered a fumble during the season, and was the starting free safety in Super Bowl XXII , which the Redskins won in a blowout. On February 1, 1989, after his contract expired, Bowles was left unprotected by the Redskins during "Plan B" free agency , despite being a regular starter at free safety the previous two seasons. This was reportedly due to his poor catching abilities in 1988, as well as his lack of playmaking ability. Bowles negotiated contracts with
300-428: A gambling casino. The NFL defines any facility with slot machines as a casino. The Steelers' statement said that NFL commissioner Roger Goodell asked former NFL commissioner Paul Tagliabue to "serve as a league representative in discussions with the family in order to reach an agreement on the separation of the gambling interests and on a restructuring of ownership if the team is sold." Any sale involving an NFL team
375-540: A greyhound racetrack in West Palm Beach . The New York racetrack had been owned by the family since 1972, and the Florida racetrack had been owned since 1970. The team said "these facilities have added forms of gaming that are inconsistent with NFL gambling policy.", relating to the then-recent installation of slot machines . According to league policy, no NFL owner may own, directly or indirectly, any interests in
450-593: A head coaching position despite immense success as the Baltimore Ravens defensive coordinator and would not find a head coaching position until being hired by the Cincinnati Bengals in 2003, the year the Rooney Rule went into effect. The rule does not apply if an assistant coach has language in his contract guaranteeing him the head coaching job in case of an opening. For example, this was
525-594: A little less than half of their 16% stake, and Dan and Art II, were trying to acquire 30% of the team to abide by NFL policy and compiled a list of investors who, in essence, would become their new partners in the franchise. On March 19, 2008, Rooney released wide receiver Cedrick Wilson from the Steelers, after he was arrested for punching his former girlfriend. However earlier that month, on March 8, Rooney failed to offer any type of discipline to linebacker James Harrison for slapping his girlfriend. When asked about
600-504: A majority interest in the Steelers to Druckenmiller, taking control of the franchise away from the Rooney family. However Rooney, stopped short of guaranteeing that he and his son, would be able to stay at the helm of a team. He hinted that "many people," not just Druckenmiller, might be interested in the NFL franchise. Later, NFL spokesman Greg Aiello stated that the NFL would continue to support
675-539: A policy. According to the WCC, The “Russell Rule” requires each member institution to include a member of a traditionally underrepresented community in the pool of final candidates for every athletic director, senior administrator, head coach and full-time assistant coach position in the athletic department. Some companies outside of sports, such as U.S. Bank , Pinterest , Facebook , Patreon and Checkr , have put similar rules in place for their hiring processes. In general,
750-624: A prepared statement released after that interview was published. Rooney stated, "I was asked what I could do to help [Obama] in the next election and I responded that the best thing I could do would be to help him campaign. Were I to do so, it would require my resignation as ambassador to Ireland. However, I am very pleased with my accomplishments to date and I intend to continue to carry out my duties." On December 14, 2012, he resigned as ambassador to Ireland and returned to Pittsburgh. He would eventually be replaced in June 2014 by Kevin O'Malley . Rooney
825-725: A result. The Buccaneers finished the 2023 season atop the NFC South for the third consecutive year with a 9–8 record. They defeated the Philadelphia Eagles 32–9 in the Wild Card Round but lost to the Detroit Lions 31–23 on the road in the Divisional Round. * – Interim head coach Bowles has served under nine head coaches: Four of Bowles' assistants have been hired as head coaches in
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#1732766205136900-619: A similar practice in England. Gordon Taylor , Chief Executive of the PFA (the players' trade union) said in September 2014 the sport "has a 'hidden resistance' preventing black managers getting jobs," pointing out that "you see so many black players on the pitch, yet we have two black managers out of 92." Garth Crooks , a prominent black former player, was especially scathing of the failure of The Football League (a large association of clubs below
975-437: A study showing that black head coaches, despite winning a higher percentage of games, were less likely to be hired and more likely to be fired than their white counterparts. Former NFL players Kellen Winslow and John Wooten then put together an affinity group of minority scouts, coaches, and front-office personnel, to advocate for the rule's creation. This rule was also heavily pressured by the NFL players, since most players in
1050-572: Is Hispanic; Mike McDaniel (Miami) is multiracial; Robert Saleh (New York Jets) is a Muslim of Lebanese origin . In 2003 , the NFL fined the Detroit Lions $ 200,000 for failure to interview African-American candidates for the team's vacant head coaching job. After Marty Mornhinweg was fired, the Lions immediately hired former San Francisco 49ers head coach Steve Mariucci to replace him without interviewing any other candidates. The Lions claimed they attempted to interview other candidates but that
1125-772: Is a relatively low-risk way for presidents to repay campaign debts." Secretary of State Hillary Clinton swore him in as the new ambassador to Ireland on July 1, 2009. Rooney presented his credentials to Irish President Mary McAleese on July 3, before making his first official speaking engagement at a lunch hosted by the American Chamber of Commerce Ireland. In a leaked diplomatic cable to Clinton in 2009 Rooney described Irish politics as having an "often unaccountable political class" which allows itself "perks". In an April 2011 interview with The Irish Times , Rooney mentioned that he would consider resigning his ambassadorship in order to campaign for Obama's re-election. In
1200-725: Is an American professional football coach and former player who is the head coach of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). He previously was the head coach of the New York Jets from 2015 to 2018. Bowles has also been the defensive coordinator of the Arizona Cardinals and Buccaneers and the secondary coach for the Jets, Cleveland Browns , Dallas Cowboys , Miami Dolphins , and Philadelphia Eagles . He played eight seasons in
1275-539: Is subject to a league review and must be approved by 75% of member clubs. The Steelers were valued at $ 929 million by Forbes magazine in September 2007. However, Rooney's brothers: Art Jr., Tim, Patrick and John released a statement confirming that they retained Goldman, Sachs & Co. to put a price tag on the franchise, and analysts in New York placed its value between $ 800 million and $ 1.2 billion. Their shares were likely worth more than Dan and Art II had offered in
1350-534: The Dallas Cowboys , Minnesota Vikings , and New York Giants , but ultimately re-signed with the Redskins. In 1990, Bowles received a salary of $ 300,000, and started 18 games (including playoffs). The San Francisco 49ers signed Bowles to start for the team in 1991 after he was left unprotected by the Redskins again. Bowles played in all 16 games and started in 14 of them. He was waived during final roster cuts on September 1, 1992. The next day, Bowles
1425-528: The Los Angeles Rams , received third-round picks in 2021 and 2022 after the Detroit Lions hired their director of college scouting, Brad Holmes , as their general manager. An earlier version of the resolution would have rewarded teams for hiring minority candidates rather than for developing them. On February 1, 2022, former Miami Dolphins head coach Brian Flores sued the NFL, the Dolphins,
1500-648: The New York Giants , and the Denver Broncos , alleging racism, violations of federal employment law, and that his interviews were a sham meant solely to fulfill the Rooney Rule. On March 28, 2022, the NFL announced that it had made further changes to the Rooney Rule. First, starting with the 2022 season, all teams are required to have at least one minority on their offensive coaching staff. Minority group members already serving in such roles count toward compliance with this new provision, intended to increase
1575-496: The New York Jets named Bowles their new head coach and signed him to a four-year deal. On July 28, 2015, it was revealed that Bowles underwent a partial knee replacement surgery. In the 2015 season , the Jets went 10–6 in Bowles' first year leading the team, barely missing the playoffs. The 2016 season saw the Jets finish near the bottom of the league in most offensive categories, but 11th in rushing yards. On December 29, 2017,
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#17327662051361650-610: The North Side neighborhood of Pittsburgh and attended North Catholic High School where he excelled as the team's quarterback. He was also the coach for the St. Peter's Elementary school football team, which was quarterbacked by future CIA Director and lifelong friend Michael Hayden . Rooney was mentored by Fran Fogerty, Joe Carr and Ed Kiely. These men assisted in teaching him the business of football. After graduating from Duquesne University , with his major in accounting, he knew football
1725-497: The Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL), and son of the Steelers' founder, Art Rooney . He held various roles within the organization, most notably as president, owner and chairman. Rooney implemented a philosophy and management style that emphasized open, practical and efficient management. The Steelers were very successful during his tenure, winning 15 division championships, eight AFC Championships, and an NFL record six Super Bowl Championships . In 2000, he
1800-465: The "restructuring" of ownership, which could have resulted in the sale of the franchise or a consolidation of control within the Rooney family. Discussions had supposedly been taking place for the last two years. The use of the phrase "ensure compliance with NFL ownership policies" referred to the family's gambling operation. At the time of publication, they owned Yonkers Raceway , a harness racing track outside of New York City , and Palm Beach Kennel Club,
1875-498: The 2009 American Football Conference title before losing in Super Bowl XLIV , as evidence that the rule needs revision. Some sports analysts have called upon the NFL to modify the Rooney Rule by requiring NFL teams to interview a minority candidate outside their respective organizations, and extending the rule to include interviews for offensive and defensive coordinators. In recent years, the trend of hiring head coaches in
1950-465: The 5 percent city amusement tax on each ticket. But the Steelers - like a few other profit-making corporations - aren't exempt from paying both a city mercantile tax (3 mills on concessions, etc.) and a city business privilege tax (6 mills on gross receipts). Tax officials say these taxes are highly complicated to compute – and the final amounts the Steelers pay are top secret. On March 17, 2009, President Obama announced he had nominated Rooney to become
2025-596: The African-American candidates withdrew from interviews, believing Mariucci's hiring was inevitable. The Lions did not hire another minority head coach until hiring Jim Caldwell in 2014. Previously, minority Wayne Fontes was head coach of the team. In the wake of no minority hirings to fill eight head coaching and seven general management vacancies following the conclusion of the 2012 NFL regular season , NFL Executive Vice president of Human Resources Robert Gulliver stated, "While there has been full compliance with
2100-514: The Eagles finished the season ninth in pass defense and 23rd in rushing defense. On January 18, 2013, Bowles was hired as defensive coordinator for the Arizona Cardinals . On January 31, 2015, Bowles was voted Associated Press (AP)'s Assistant Coach of the Year for his efforts in the 2014 season. Bowles received 22 of the 50 media members' votes, winning the inaugural award. On January 14, 2015,
2175-400: The Jets announced that Bowles had been retained for the 2018 season and that he signed an extension through 2020. However, Bowles was fired at the end of the 2018 season after the Jets finished the year with a 4–12 record. On January 8, 2019, Bowles was hired as the defensive coordinator of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers , rejoining Bruce Arians as a member of his staff after Arians was hired as
2250-512: The Kansas City Chiefs had the league's top-ranked offense in the 2018 season, and the 5th ranked offense in 2019. The 2020 NFL offseason led to many figures questioning the effectiveness of this rule due to Bieniemy not receiving serious consideration for a head coaching position and other such controversies since the rule's inception. To fulfill the requirements of this rule, many teams interview non-White coaches that have been around
2325-517: The NFL are African American. Its purpose was to ensure that minority coaches, especially African Americans , would be considered for high-level coaching positions. Fritz Pollard was the first minority head coach in NFL history (which was during the league's early years in the 1920s) and by the time the rule was implemented, only Tom Flores , Art Shell , Dennis Green , Ray Rhodes , Tony Dungy , and Herman Edwards had ever held head coaching jobs. (Only Dungy and Edwards were actively head coaching at
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2400-613: The NFL as a safety , primarily with the Washington Redskins , and was a member of the team that won Super Bowl XXII . Bowles attended Elizabeth High School in Elizabeth, New Jersey . He played college football at Temple University (class of 1985), where Bowles was a four-year starting cornerback. His freshman year in 1982 was under Hall of Fame coach Wayne Hardin , and his last three years were under coach Bruce Arians , for whom Bowles would be an assistant coach in
2475-501: The NFL decades later when Arians was the head coach of the Arizona Cardinals and then the Tampa Bay Buccaneers . Bowles recorded seven interceptions in his four college seasons. Bowles left Temple without graduating; in May 2023, he received a Bachelor of Science degree in youth and community development from Mount St. Mary's University . Bowles was signed by the Washington Redskins as an undrafted free agent on May 7, 1986. He chose
2550-473: The NFL has shifted towards looking for successful offensive coordinators; a role in which minorities only hold two out of the 32 available positions. In 2020, five NFL teams had head coaching vacancies to fill, and only one of them hired a non-White coach. These five teams were criticized for passing on Eric Bieniemy , the offensive coordinator for the Super Bowl champion Kansas City Chiefs . Under Bieniemy,
2625-539: The NFL, regardless of a team's title for that position. It now also includes all ethnic minorities , not just African Americans. Some legal scholars have advocated for extending the Rooney Rule to college football , where the number of minority head coaches was around 6% in 2008, or only about half the African-American share of the U.S. population . Since the Rooney Rule was established, several NFL franchises have hired African-American head coaches, including
2700-451: The Redskins over six other NFL teams, and signed a contract that included a signing bonus between $ 8,000 and $ 10,000. Bowles competed in training camp with free safety Raphel Cherry , and beat Bowles out to earn a spot on the regular season roster. In his second training camp in 1987, Bowles beat out Curtis Jordan for the starting free safety job when Jordan was released during final roster cuts on September 8, 1987. Bowles intercepted
2775-575: The Rooney Rule. As of December 31, 2018, two of the 32 head coaches in the NFL were African-American, with one Hispanic head coach. As of 2020, the NFL had three African-American head coaches, the same number as in 2003 when the Rooney Rule was adopted. Entering the 2024 season, the number of minority head coaches by NFL definition was nine. Todd Bowles (Tampa Bay), Jerod Mayo (New England), Raheem Morris (Atlanta), Antonio Pierce (Las Vegas), DeMeco Ryans (Houston), and Mike Tomlin (Pittsburgh) are African-American; Dave Canales (Carolina)
2850-465: The Rooney rule in these companies focuses on the diversity of the applicants in the pipeline for a particular position; the rule requires pausing at some stage of the hiring process until some diversity benchmark has been reached for the pool of applicants at that stage. Inspired by the Rooney Rule, Diversity Lab created the Mansfield Rule in 2017, which is named after the first woman admitted to
2925-455: The Rooney rule to require two external minority candidate interviews, rather than one, for head coaching jobs. In addition, teams must now interview at least one minority candidate for all coordinator positions. Also, teams and the NFL league office must also interview at least one minority candidate for senior-level positions, including general manager and club president jobs. Finally, for at least some positions, women may be interviewed to satisfy
3000-635: The Rooneys in their efforts to retain control of the Steelers, and maintained the franchise would not relocate to another city, only that the ownership will either change or be consolidated. On November 21, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette reported that Tim and Pat planned to sell each of their 16% stakes in the Steelers, so they could remain involved in racetracks and casinos in Yonkers and West Palm Beach. John and Art Jr. each planned to keep
3075-490: The Steelers don't own any taxable property, the Rooneys dodge city and county real estate taxes. Heinz Field, which the Steelers operate and profit from in myriad ways, is owned by taxpayers through the Sports and Exhibition Authority. The team offices, practice field and workout facilities are leased from UPMC 's tax-exempt Sports Performance Complex . Steelers players pay payroll and occupation taxes like everyone else. Fans pay
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3150-475: The Steelers themselves, who hired Mike Tomlin before their 2007 season . (The Steelers, however, had already interviewed Ron Rivera , who is ethnically Hispanic, to fulfill the requirement before interviewing Tomlin, and Rooney himself contends that Tomlin's hiring did not result from the Rule.) At the start of the 2006 season, the overall percentage of African-American coaches had jumped to 22%, up from 6% prior to
3225-552: The Steelers. In 1995, Rooney tried to stop the Steelers' biggest rival, the Cleveland Browns , from moving to Baltimore . He and Buffalo Bills owner Ralph Wilson were the only owners to vote against the move and he was a driving force in ensuring the Browns return to Cleveland in 1999. On July 7, 2008, Rooney and his son, team president Art Rooney II, announced that they were seeking to buy out his brothers' shares in
3300-564: The Wilson case was different. According to Rooney "[Wilson] knew what he was doing. He knew where his [former] girlfriend was and went to the bar looking for her. When he got there he punched her. That's different and I understand he expressed no regret. Afterwards, Rooney was criticized by the Women's Center and Shelter of Pittsburgh as a result of his comments. ESPN 's Matt Mosley later wrote that Rooney's attempt to "explain that Harrison's heart
3375-539: The case when Mike Martz took over as head coach of the St. Louis Rams before the 2000 season. Also, the requirement does not apply if the assistant coach taking over the head position belongs to a minority group, as was the case with Mike Singletary and the San Francisco 49ers in late 2008. As of June 15, 2009, Rooney Rule requirements applied to all searches for senior football operations positions within
3450-562: The incident involving Wilson, Rooney stated that "the Steelers do not condone violence of any kind, especially against women". However, he was then confronted about this by Ed Bouchette and Michael A. Fuoco of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette , who asked why Harrison was not punished for committing the same crime. Rooney said that the cases were different and stated that "I know many are asking the question of [why] we released Wilson and Harrison we kept. The circumstances—I know of
3525-716: The incidents, they are completely different. In fact, when I say we don't condone these things, we don't, but we do have to look at the circumstances that are involved with other players and things like that, so they're not all the same. What James Harrison was doing and how the incident occurred, what he was trying to do was really well worth it. He was doing something that was good, wanted to take his son to get baptized where he lived and things like that. She said she didn't want to do it." Rooney later said that Harrison had no intention of harming his girlfriend when he went to her house to pick up his son. "The situation angered him. He didn't go there with intent." Meanwhile, Rooney stated that
3600-425: The initial buyout, and it could have raised even higher and still remain under the NFL's ceiling of $ 150 million in ownership debt. Each Rooney brothers' stake was worth about $ 160 million, or less than Dan was believed to be offering. Art Jr. was the brother who might have determined if the majority of the team remains in the Rooney family. He was formerly a Pro Football Hall of Fame nominee for his drafting skills, and
3675-489: The interview requirements of the Rooney Rule and we wish the new head coaches and general managers much success, the hiring results this year have been unexpected and reflect a disappointing lack of diversity." Analysts have pointed to the lack of interview offers for Baltimore Ravens' Offensive coordinator Jim Caldwell , who, as head coach, led the Indianapolis Colts to a 14–2 2009 season along with winning
3750-456: The league for years and have had previously unsuccessful stints as head coaches, such as Marvin Lewis . Critics of the rule argue that the rule has been largely ineffective, and in some situations, it has even had the opposite effect; with non-White coaches being interviewed without being given serious consideration just to fulfill the requirement. In May 2020 the NFL increased the requirements of
3825-537: The manager position. On August 2, 2020, the West Coast Conference (WCC), an NCAA Division I league, announced that it had adopted a similar policy effective immediately, calling its initiative the Russell Rule after Basketball Hall of Famer Bill Russell , who played in college at charter and current WCC member San Francisco . The WCC became the first Division I conference to establish such
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#17327662051363900-491: The next U.S. ambassador to Ireland , citing the owner's longstanding support for Irish-American charitable causes. In 2008, Rooney gave $ 30,000 to a Democratic Party committee that aided Obama's campaign , according to CQ MoneyLine , a non-partisan group that tracks political contributions. According to David Lewis, a Vanderbilt University political scientist and the author of The Politics of Presidential Appointments , "giving coveted ambassadorships to political supporters
3975-660: The number of minorities in the pool of offensive coaches, which had produced the most sought-after candidates for head coaching positions in recent years. Coaches hired under this provision will be paid at least in part from a league-wide fund set aside for this purpose. For the first time, the definition of "minority" for purposes of the Rooney Rule was fully extended to include women, regardless of their racial or ethnic background. While teams are not required to interview women for coaching positions, women will count toward all required interviewing quotas. In association football (soccer) , players' representatives have been campaigning for
4050-480: The practice of law in the U.S., Arabella Mansfield . The Mansfield Rule measures whether law firms have affirmatively considered (at least 30 percent of the candidate pool) historically underrepresented lawyers for leadership and governance roles, equity partner promotions, and lateral positions. Dan Rooney Daniel Milton Rooney (July 20, 1932 – April 13, 2017) was an American professional football executive and diplomat best known for his association with
4125-404: The public face of the franchise, until his death in 1988. Rooney generally avoided the spotlight, but he was a very active owner behind the scenes. Rooney helped lead the negotiations of the collective bargaining agreement of 1982, and is largely credited both by owners and players for ending a strike that lasted half of the season. He was also one of the main architects of the salary cap , which
4200-404: The requirement. In November 2020, the NFL passed 2020 Resolution JC-2A, which rewards teams for developing minority candidates for head coach and/or GM positions. The resolution rewards teams whose minority candidates are hired away for one of those positions by awarding third-round draft picks, similar to the system for compensatory draft picks . For example, the first team to receive such picks,
4275-410: The shares' value. Rooney worked with Morgan Stanley and PNC Financial Services to attempt to bring in additional investors who might prop up his buyout attempt. According to The Wall Street Journal , Duquesne Capital Management chairman Stanley Druckenmiller was apparently interested in acquiring the team. On July 8, The Associated Press reported that a deal could be reached within days to sell
4350-839: The team's head coach. Bowles' defense received praise for its performance in the 2020–21 playoffs as it was key in the Buccaneers defeating the New Orleans Saints 30–20 on the road in the Divisional Round and the Green Bay Packers 31–26 on the road in the NFC Championship Game . Bowles won his third Super Bowl (his first as a coach) when the Buccaneers defeated the Kansas City Chiefs 31–9 during Super Bowl LV . Bowles
4425-462: The team. The team initially said that some of Rooney's four brothers want to "get out of the NFL and focus their business efforts on their racetracks and other interests." The Wall Street Journal reported that the Steelers had "been secretly shopped to potential buyers amid continuing divisions among the five sons of the team's founder, Art Rooney Sr." This forced the Steelers to announce that prolonged, ongoing negotiations were under way concerning
4500-485: The time of the rule's implementation, though Shell and Green would later return to head coaching.) Dungy in particular had struggled for years before getting a head coaching job; he was often promoted as a head coaching candidate by Chuck Noll when Dungy was an assistant under Noll in the 1980s with the Steelers, but he would not become a head coach until 1996 when he took over the Tampa Bay Buccaneers . Another former Steelers assistant, Marvin Lewis , also struggled to find
4575-461: The top-tier Premier League ) to pursue the matter, suggesting the league lacked courage. Black coaches Kieron Dyer and Titus Bramble spoke out against the idea of Rooney Rule, saying they did not want to be perceived as having their roles because of a "quota". On January 9, 2018, it was reported that the England national football team would implement the Rooney Rule for all future interviews for
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#17327662051364650-550: Was also co-founder of the Ireland-related fundraising organization The Ireland Funds . Daniel Milton Rooney was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania , the son of Kathleen (née McNulty) and Pittsburgh Steelers' owner Art Rooney . In the Steelers organization, Rooney was involved in many aspects of the franchise from the time he was a young boy, often assisting his father at Pitt Stadium and Forbes Field . He grew up in
4725-450: Was claimed off waivers by the Redskins. He was waived by the Redskins during final roster cuts on August 31, 1993. After retiring as a player, Bowles was a member of the Green Bay Packers ' player personnel staff under Ron Wolf in 1995 and 1996 . Bowles was the defensive coordinator and secondary coach at Morehouse College in 1997, and the defensive coordinator and defensive backs coach at Grambling State from 1998 until 1999. He
4800-452: Was credited with a game plan that pressured Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes without resorting to blitzing by utilizing the two-deep safety look and pass-rushing, which prevented the Chiefs' prolific offense from scoring a touchdown while also intercepting Mahomes twice. On August 4, 2021, Bowles agreed to a three-year contract extension with the Buccaneers. On March 30, 2022, Bowles
4875-626: Was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame for his contributions to the game. He was also credited with spearheading a requirement that NFL teams with head coach and general manager vacancies interview at least one minority candidate, which has become known as the " Rooney Rule ". Outside of football, Rooney served as the United States Ambassador to Ireland , from July 2009 until his resignation in December 2012. He
4950-466: Was fired by Dan in 1987. The brothers likely would not have retained Goldman Sachs if they felt they could soon work out a deal with Dan. The move also reflected their fears that selling to Dan, coupled with the ensuing taxes, could leave their children and grandchildren with far less money than their shares are worth. There was also concern if any of the brothers were to die without a change in ownership, their heirs would face estate taxes of up to 45% of
5025-407: Was implemented in 1993. Rooney became the patriarch and controlling owner of the team, following the death of his father. In 2003, Rooney followed in his father's footsteps by slowly ceding day-to-day operations of the franchise to the next generation of the family. While Rooney was still chairman, and to many fans, the public face of the team, his son Art Rooney II assumed full operational control of
5100-414: Was in the right place ... had to be one of the worst Public Relations moments in club history." In August 2004, Pittsburgh Tribune-Review writer Bill Steigerwald reported that Rooney's team received $ 5 million in state funds for a new, $ 12 million amphitheater. This was in addition to the $ 158 million in public subsidies the organization received to build Heinz Field . Steigerwald wrote that: Since
5175-525: Was married to his wife Patricia Regan for sixty-five years. They first met in the office of the Steelers where she was working, and got married soon after. The couple had nine children together, although he was predeceased by two of his daughters. Rooney was also the maternal great-uncle of actresses Kate Mara and her sister Rooney Mara . In 2008, he surprised many with his public endorsement of Barack Obama for president. The family had traditionally been very private on politics, even being rumored to have
5250-485: Was named the head coach of the Buccaneers on a five-year deal after Bruce Arians shifted to a senior football consultant role. In Bowles' first year as head coach, the Buccaneers finished atop the NFC South with an 8–9 record and lost to the Dallas Cowboys 31–14 in the Wild Card Round. Following the 2022 season, starting quarterback Tom Brady announced his retirement and the Buccaneers signed Baker Mayfield as
5325-700: Was named the interim head coach on December 12, 2011, following the firing of head coach Tony Sparano . Bowles' first game as interim head coach of the Dolphins came in Week 15 against the Buffalo Bills , which the Dolphins won on the road 30–23. The Dolphins finished with a 2–1 record under Bowles in 2011. The Philadelphia Eagles hired Bowles as the team's secondary coach on January 30, 2012. The Eagles announced on October 16, 2012, that they dismissed defensive coordinator Juan Castillo from his duties and named Bowles as their new defensive coordinator. Under Bowles,
5400-781: Was named to the PoliticsPA list of most influential individuals in Pennsylvania politics in 2002. In 2008, Rooney became an honorary Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire . He won the 2009 Jack Horrigan Memorial Award , presented by the Pro Football Writers Association to honor a league or club official "for his or her qualities and professional style in helping the pro football writers do their job." He
5475-665: Was recognized in 2016 with a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Jackie Robinson Foundation . Rooney died at the age of 84 on April 13, 2017. Attendees at his funeral in Pittsburgh included former president Barack Obama and former secretary of state John Kerry . His burial was in Christ Our Redeemer Catholic Cemetery, Ross Township , Pennsylvania. Todd Bowles Todd Robert Bowles (born November 18, 1963)
5550-463: Was the defensive backs coach for the New York Jets in 2000, Cleveland Browns in 2004, and Dallas Cowboys from 2005 to 2007. Bowles was the Browns' defensive nickel package coach from 2001 to 2003. Bowles was hired by the Miami Dolphins as the team's secondary coach and assistant head coach on January 23, 2008. After nearly four seasons as the secondary coach and assistant head coach, he
5625-418: Was what he wanted to pursue. In 1960, Rooney originally worked as director of personnel for the Steelers. By early 1969, Rooney was managing the day-to-day operations of the team and personally selected the coaching hire of Chuck Noll . Rooney was appointed team president in 1975 and was officially given full operational control of the franchise. His father remained chairman and President Emeritus , as well as
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