Alpha Rex Emmanuel Humbard (August 13, 1919 – September 21, 2007) was an American television evangelist whose Cathedral of Tomorrow show was aired on over 600 stations at the peak of its popularity.
126-576: Humbard was born on August 13, 1919, in Little Rock, Arkansas , to Pentecostal evangelists. He began attending church revivals all across the country and began to know God as a child, while withstanding the order from his father in learning how to play guitar while in church. Humbard was also the first evangelist to have a weekly nationwide television program in the United States , running from 1952 to 1983, although his first television broadcast
252-470: A 40% increase among 18- to 24-year-olds. From 1988 to 1992, murder arrests of youths under 18 increased by 256%. By the end of 1992, Little Rock reached a record of 61 homicides, but in 1993 surpassed it with 76. It was one of the highest per-capita homicide rates in the country, placing Little Rock fifth in Money Magazine's 1994 list of most dangerous cities. In July 2017, a shootout occurred at
378-736: A bill in Congress to admit Ohio to the Union retroactive to March 1, 1803, the date on which the Ohio General Assembly first convened. At a special session at the old state capital in Chillicothe , the Ohio state legislature approved a new petition for statehood, which was delivered to Washington, D.C. , on horseback, and approved that August. Ohio has had three capital cities: Chillicothe, Zanesville , and Columbus . Chillicothe
504-789: A conclusion. In 1774, Britain passed the Quebec Act , which formally annexed Ohio and other western lands to the Province of Quebec in order to provide a civil government and to centralize British administration of the Montreal -based fur trade. The prohibition of settlement west of the Appalachians remained, contributing to the American Revolution. By the start of the American Revolutionary War ,
630-686: A decisive victor. In the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain ceded all claims to Ohio Country to the new United States after its victory in the American Revolutionary War . The United States created the Northwest Territory under the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. Slavery was not permitted in the new territory. Settlement began with the founding of Marietta by the Ohio Company of Associates , which had been formed by
756-752: A group of American Revolutionary War veterans. Following the Ohio Company, the Miami Company (also referred to as the " Symmes Purchase ") claimed the southwestern section, and the Connecticut Land Company surveyed and settled the Connecticut Western Reserve in present-day Northeast Ohio . Territorial surveyors from Fort Steuben began surveying an area of eastern Ohio called the Seven Ranges at about
882-429: A large decline in union membership: 17.4% of Ohioan workers were union members in 2000, while 12.8% were union members in 2022. In the wake of these economic changes, Ohio's state government has looked to promoting new industries to offset manufacturing losses, such as the production of solar energy and electric vehicles . One major program the state government launched was the "Third Frontier" program, created during
1008-541: A national model of success. Ohio's economy was also heavily afflicted by the Great Recession , as the state's unemployment rate rose from 5.6% in the first two months of 2008 up to a peak of 11.1% in December 2009 and January 2010. It took until August 2014 for the unemployment rate to return to 5.6%. From December 2007 to September 2010, Ohio lost 376,500 jobs. In 2009, Ohio had 89,053 foreclosures filings,
1134-660: A potential market for Ohio machinery exports. In July 1979, Rhodes led a State of Ohio Trade Mission to China. The trip resulted in developing economic ties, a sister state-province relationship with Hubei province , long-running Chinese exhibitions at the Ohio State Fair , and major academic exchanges between Ohio State University and Wuhan University . Beginning in the 1980s, the state entered into international economic and resource cooperation treaties and organizations with other Midwestern states, as well as New York , Pennsylvania , Ontario , and Quebec , including
1260-667: A riot in downtown Kent and the burning of an ROTC building. The main cause of the protests was the United States' invasion of Cambodia during the Vietnam War . Ohio was an important state in the developing ties between the United States and the People's Republic of China in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Relations between the two countries normalized in 1979, during the second term of Ohio governor Jim Rhodes . Rhodes sought to encourage economic ties, viewing China as
1386-403: A then-record for the state. The median household income dropped 7% from 2006–07 to 2008–09, and the poverty rate ballooned to 13.5% by 2009. By 2015, Ohio gross domestic product was $ 608.1 billion, the seventh-largest economy among the 50 states . In 2015, Ohio's total GDP accounted for 3.4% of U.S. GDP and 0.8% of world GDP. Politically, Ohio has been long regarded as a swing state , but
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#17327903458781512-486: A year later. Integration across all grades was fully achieved in fall 1972. The Little Rock school episode drew international attention to the treatment of African Americans in the United States. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 116.8 square miles (303 km ), of which 116.2 square miles (301 km ) is land and 0.6 square miles (1.6 km ) (0.52%)
1638-473: Is Frank Scott Jr. , a former assistant bank executive, pastor and state highway commissioner. The city manager is Bruce T. Moore, the longest-serving city manager in Little Rock history. The city employs over 2,500 people in 14 different departments, including the police department, the fire department, parks and recreation, and the zoo. Most Pulaski County government offices are in Little Rock, including
1764-673: Is Pinnacle Mountain State Park , a 2,000 acres (810 ha) park surrounding Pinnacle Mountain in the Ouachita Mountains . The Arkansas Arboretum at the park features flora and tree plantings correspond to Arkansas's six geographical regions. The Arkansas River Trail runs 17 miles (27 km) along both sides of the Arkansas River through a portion of Little Rock, including over the Big Dam Bridge ,
1890-671: Is a Missionary Baptist Seminary in Little Rock associated with the American Baptist Association . The school began as Missionary Baptist College in Sheridan in Grant County . Ohio Ohio ( / oʊ ˈ h aɪ . oʊ / oh- HY -oh ) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States . It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to
2016-735: Is also home to the Little Rock Trojans , the athletic program of the University of Arkansas at Little Rock . The majority of the school's athletic teams are housed in the Jack Stephens Center , which opened in 2005. As of 2022, the Trojans play in the Ohio Valley Conference . Little Rock's War Memorial Stadium hosts at least one University of Arkansas Razorback football game each year. The stadium
2142-479: Is an inter-modal river port with a large industrial business complex. It is designated as Foreign Trade Zone 14. International corporations such as Danish manufacturer LM Glasfiber have established new facilities adjacent to the port. Along with Louisville and Memphis, Little Rock has a branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis . Cultural sites in Little Rock include: Founded in 1976,
2268-551: Is available through history museums, historic districts or neighborhoods of Little Rock like the Quapaw Quarter , and historic sites such as Little Rock Central High School and West Ninth Street . The city is the headquarters of Dillard's , Windstream Communications , Stephens Inc. , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Heifer International , Winrock International , the Clinton Foundation , and
2394-587: Is composed of the executive branch, led by the governor ; the legislative branch, consisting of the bicameral Ohio General Assembly ; and the judicial branch, led by the state Supreme Court . Ohio occupies 15 seats in the United States House of Representatives , the seventh-largest delegation. Seven presidents of the United States have come from Ohio , earning it the moniker "the Mother of Presidents". Archeological evidence of spear points of both
2520-647: Is defined by the Ohio River . Ohio's neighbors are Pennsylvania to the east, Michigan to the northwest, Lake Erie to the north, Indiana to the west, Kentucky on the south, and West Virginia on the southeast. Ohio's borders were defined by metes and bounds in the Enabling Act of 1802 as follows: Bounded on the east by the Pennsylvania line, on the south by the Ohio River, to the mouth of
2646-417: Is fully aquatic and breathes almost entirely through its skin. Due to this, it is only found in pristine, cool, clear, fast flowing streams and rivers. It is highly threatened by habitat loss , water pollution , and sedimentation due to logging and other human activities. The climate of Ohio is a humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfa/Dfb ) throughout most of the state, except in
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#17327903458782772-482: Is home to two universities that are part of the University of Arkansas System : the University of Arkansas at Little Rock and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences . UAMS consists of six colleges, seven institutes, several research centers, and the UAMS Medical Center . A pair of smaller, historically black colleges, Arkansas Baptist College and Philander Smith College , affiliated with
2898-574: Is known as the Tornado Alley . Severe lake effect snowstorms are also not uncommon on the southeast shore of Lake Erie , which is located in an area designated as the Snowbelt . Although predominantly not in a subtropical climate, some warmer-climate flora and fauna do reach well into Ohio. For instance, some trees with more southern ranges, such as the blackjack oak , Quercus marilandica , are found at their northernmost in Ohio just north of
3024-545: Is known for being in the middle of a golf course. Each fall, the city closes the golf course on Razorback football weekends to allow the estimated 80,000 people who attend take part in tailgating activities. War Memorial also hosts the Arkansas High School football state championships, and starting in the fall of 2006 hosts one game apiece for the University of Central Arkansas and the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff . Arkansas State University also plays at
3150-482: Is nicknamed the "Buckeye State" after its Ohio buckeye trees , and Ohioans are also known as "Buckeyes". Ohio derives its name from the Ohio River that forms its southern border, which, in turn, originated from the Seneca word ohiːyo' , meaning "good river", "great river", or "large creek". The state was home to several ancient indigenous civilizations, with humans present as early as 10,000 BCE. It arose from
3276-589: Is the 81st-most populous in the United States with 748,031 residents according to the 2020 census. As the county seat of Pulaski County , the city was incorporated on November 7, 1831, on the south bank of the Arkansas River close to the state's geographic center in Central Arkansas . The city derived its name from a rock formation along the river, named the "Little Rock" by the French explorer Jean-Baptiste Bénard de la Harpe in 1722. The capital of
3402-538: Is water. Little Rock is on the south bank of the Arkansas River in Central Arkansas. Fourche Creek and Rock Creek run through the city, and flow into the river. The western part of the city is in the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains . Northwest of the city limits are Pinnacle Mountain and Lake Maumelle , which provides Little Rock's drinking water. The city of North Little Rock is just across
3528-740: The Appalachian Regional Development Act , an attempt to "address the persistent poverty and growing economic despair of the Appalachian Region". It defines 29 Ohio counties as part of Appalachia. While 1/3 of Ohio's land mass is part of the federally defined Appalachian region, only 12.8% of Ohioans live there (1.476 million people.) Significant Ohio rivers include the Cuyahoga River , Great Miami River , Maumee River , Muskingum River , and Scioto River . The rivers in northern Ohio drain into
3654-735: The Arkansas Repertory Theatre is the state's largest nonprofit professional theatre company. A member of the League of Resident Theatres (LORT D), The Rep has produced more than 300 productions, including 40 world premieres, in its building in downtown Little Rock. Producing Artistic Director John Miller-Stephany leads a resident staff of designers, technicians and administrators in eight to ten productions for an annual audience in excess of 70,000 for MainStage productions, educational programming and touring. The Rep produces works from contemporary comedies and dramas to world premiers and
3780-528: The Arkansas River . Over the years, the "little rock" was known as a waypoint along the river, but remained unsettled. A land speculator from St. Louis, Missouri who had acquired many acres around the "little rock" began pressuring the Arkansas territorial legislature in February 1820 to move the capital to the site, but the representatives could not decide between Little Rock or Cadron (now Conway ), which
3906-921: The Arkansas Territory was moved to Little Rock from Arkansas Post in 1821. Little Rock is a cultural, economic, government, and transportation center within Arkansas and the American South . Several cultural institutions are in Little Rock, such as the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts , the Arkansas Repertory Theatre , the Arkansas Symphony Orchestra , and the Mosaic Templars Cultural Center , in addition to hiking, boating, and other outdoor recreational opportunities. Little Rock's history
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4032-780: The Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now , Clinton Foundation , Lions World Services for the Blind, Clinton Presidential Center , Winthrop Rockefeller Foundation, FamilyLife , Audubon Arkansas, and The Nature Conservancy . Little Rock is also home to the American Taekwondo Association and Arkansas Hospital Association. Arkansas Blue Cross Blue Shield , Baptist Health Medical Center, Entergy , Dassault Falcon Jet , Siemens , AT&T Mobility , Kroger , Euronet Worldwide , L'Oréal , Timex , and UAMS are employers throughout Little Rock. One of
4158-528: The Caddo , Quapaw , Osage , Choctaw , and Cherokee . Little Rock was named for a stone outcropping on the bank of the Arkansas River used by early travelers as a landmark, which marked the transition from the flat Mississippi Delta region to the Ouachita Mountain foothills. It was named in 1722 by French explorer and trader, Jean-Baptiste Bénard de la Harpe . Travelers referred to the area as
4284-689: The Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers National Monument and Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial . Ohio has wide variety of unique animal species. Rare and endangered species include the Eastern Hellbender , which is found in the Southeastern Appalachian region of Ohio and is classified as state endangered. The Eastern Hellbender is the 3rd largest amphibian in the world, and can grow up to 27 inches in length. It
4410-841: The Dayton Triangles beat the Columbus Panhandles 14–0 in Dayton. Canton was enshrined as the home of the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1963. During the 1930s, the Great Depression struck the state hard. By 1933, more than 40% of factory workers and 67% of construction workers were unemployed in Ohio. Approximately 50% of industrial workers in Cleveland and 80% in Toledo became unemployed, with
4536-648: The Enabling Act of 1802 . In regard to the Leni Lenape natives, Congress decided that 10,000 acres on the Muskingum River in the present state of Ohio would "be set apart and the property thereof be vested in the Moravian Brethren ... or a society of the said Brethren for civilizing the Indians and promoting Christianity". Rufus Putnam served in important military capacities in both
4662-506: The FCC subsequently deleting WCOT's authorization in 1976. Years later, the tower was purchased by a local businessman and is now used as a cellular phone tower. Humbard's son Rex, Jr. succeeded his father in the ministry after the family moved to Florida in 1982. Humbard's television ministry promoted an independent Christian television station in Canton, Ohio , WDLI (Channel 17), which later
4788-618: The French and Indian War and the American Revolutionary War . He was one of the most highly respected men in the early years of the United States. In 1776, Putnam created a method of building portable fortifications, which enabled the Continental Army to drive the British from Boston. George Washington was so impressed that he made Putnam his chief engineer. After the war, Putnam and Manasseh Cutler were instrumental in creating
4914-506: The Great Black Swamp . This glaciated region in the northwest and central state is bordered to the east and southeast first by a belt known as the glaciated Allegheny Plateau , and then by another belt known as the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau . Most of Ohio is of low relief, but the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau features rugged hills and forests . Ohio's rugged southeastern quadrant, stretching in an outward bow-like arc along
5040-401: The Great Dayton Flood , the entire Miami River watershed flooded, including the downtown business district of Dayton . As a result, the Miami Conservancy District was created as the first major floodplain engineering project in Ohio and the United States. The highest recorded temperature was 113 °F (45 °C ), near Gallipolis on July 21, 1934. The lowest recorded temperature
5166-546: The Great Lakes Charter , Great Lakes Compact , and the Council of Great Lakes Governors . Ohio's economy has undergone significant change in the 21st century, as the trend of deindustrialization has greatly impacted the American Midwest and the Rust Belt . Manufacturing in the Midwest experienced a stark decline during the early 21st century, a trend that greatly impacted Ohio. From 1990 to 2019, it lost over 300,000 manufacturing jobs, but added over 1,000,000 non-manufacturing jobs. Coinciding with this decline, Ohio has seen
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5292-409: The Great Miami River , on the west by the line drawn due north from the mouth of the Great Miami aforesaid, and on the north by an east and west line drawn through the southerly extreme of Lake Michigan , running east after intersecting the due north line aforesaid, from the mouth of the Great Miami until it shall intersect Lake Erie or the territorial line, and thence with the same through Lake Erie to
5418-512: The Little Rock School Board voted to begin the area's desegregation, in compliance with Brown v. Board of Education . On September 4, 1957, the first day of school at Central High, a white mob of segregationist protesters physically blocked the nine black students from entering the school. Minnijean Brown , Terrence Roberts , Elizabeth Eckford , Ernest Green , Thelma Mothershed , Melba Patillo , Gloria Ray , Jefferson Thomas , and Carlotta Walls , who had been recruited by Daisy Bates and
5544-437: The Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR Metropolitan Statistical Area was 748,031. The MSA covers the following counties: Pulaski , Faulkner , Grant , Lonoke , Perry , and Saline . The largest cities are Little Rock, North Little Rock , Conway , Jacksonville , Benton , Sherwood , Cabot , Maumelle , and Bryant . In the late 1980s, Little Rock experienced a 51% increase in murder arrests of children under 17, and
5670-404: The NAACP , attempted to integrate Central High School, but Governor Orval Faubus deployed the Arkansas National Guard to support the segregationists , and only backed down after Judge Ronald Davies of U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas granted an injunction from the U.S. Department of Justice compelling him to withdraw the Guard. Angry white mobs began rioting when
5796-493: The National Premier Soccer League played their inaugural seasons in 2016 and 2017 for the men's and women's teams respectively. Home games are played at War Memorial Stadium . Little Rock was also home to the Arkansas Twisters (later Arkansas Diamonds ) of Arena Football 2 and Indoor Football League and the Arkansas RimRockers of the American Basketball Association and NBA Development League . Both of these teams played at Verizon Arena in North Little Rock. The city
5922-405: The National Religious Broadcasters Hall of Fame in 1991. Humbard was termed one of the "Top 25 Principal Architects of the American Century" by U.S. News & World Report on December 27, 1999. In April 2007, he was inducted into the Arkansas Walk of Fame. Humbard died on September 21, 2007, in Atlantis, Florida , of congestive heart failure , following hospitalization, at the age of 88. He
6048-408: The Northwest Ordinance , which opened up the Northwest Territory for settlement. This land was used to serve as compensation for what was owed to Revolutionary War veterans. Putnam organized and led the Ohio Company of Associates , who settled at Marietta, Ohio , where they built a large fort, Campus Martius . He set substantial amounts of land aside for schools. In 1798, he created the plan for
6174-399: The Rose Law Firm . Archeological artifacts provide evidence of Native Americans inhabiting Central Arkansas for thousands of years before Europeans colonists arrived. The early inhabitants may have been the Folsom people and Mississippian culture peoples who built earthwork mounds recorded in 1541 by Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto . Historically attested tribes of the area are
6300-410: The Western Confederacy , was forced to cede extensive territory, including much of present-day Ohio, in the Treaty of Greenville in 1795. Under the Northwest Ordinance , areas could be defined and admitted as states once their population reached 60,000. Although Ohio's population was only 45,000 in December 1801, Congress determined that it was growing rapidly enough and accelerated the process via
6426-417: The Whittlesey Culture and the Monongahela Culture . All three disappeared in the 17th century. Their origins are unknown. The Shawnees may have absorbed the Fort Ancient people. It is also possible that the Monongahela held no land in Ohio during the Colonial Era. The Mississippian culture was close to and traded extensively with the Fort Ancient people. Indians in the Ohio Valley were greatly affected by
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#17327903458786552-518: The first American to orbit the Earth , and Neil Armstrong becoming the first human to walk on the Moon . In 1967, Carl Stokes was elected mayor of Cleveland and became the first African American mayor of one of the nation's 10 most populous cities. In 1970, an Ohio Army National Guard unit fired at students during an antiwar protest at Kent State University , killing four and wounding nine. The Guard had been called onto campus after several protests in and around campus became violent, including
6678-485: The fur trade . Some of the Indigenous nations that historically inhabited Ohio include the Iroquoian, the Algonquian, and the Siouan. Ohio country was also the site of Indian massacres, such as the Yellow Creek massacre and the Gnadenhutten massacre . After the War of 1812 , when Natives suffered serious losses such as at Tippecanoe , most Native tribes either left Ohio or had to live on only limited reservations. By 1842, all remaining Natives were forced out of
6804-423: The humid subtropical climate zone ( Cfa ), with hot, humid summers and cool winters with usually little snow. It has experienced temperatures as low as −12 °F (−24 °C), which was recorded on February 12, 1899 , and as high as 114 °F (46 °C), which was recorded on August 3, 2011. As of the 2020 United States Census , there were 202,591 people, 80,063 households, and 45,577 families residing in
6930-419: The "Little Rock". Though there was an effort to officially name the city "Arkopolis" upon its founding in the 1820s, and that name did appear on a few maps made by the US Geological Survey , the name Little Rock is eventually what stuck. The territorial capitol had been located at Arkansas Post in Southeast Arkansas since 1819, but the site had proven unsuitable as a settlement due to frequent flooding of
7056-492: The 1960s, Humbard's ministry started to purchase businesses through a for-profit arm to raise money. Over time they owned a girdle factory in Brooklyn, an office tower in Akron, a college on Mackinac Island, an advertising agency, an apartment building, and other assets. Humbard's ministry ran into financial problems in the early 1970s. Starting in 1959, the ministry had sold bonds and promissory notes through its own team of salesmen. The securities were not registered and came under
7182-437: The 1980s with his wife, Maude Aimee (whom he married in 1942), Humbard was still often seen on television broadcasts and at public appearances preaching Christianity. Humbard wrote two autobiographies , Miracles in My Life and, in 2006, The Soul Winning Century, The Humbard Family Legacy . He was inducted into the Broadcasters Hall of Fame in 1993 by Ohio Governor George Voinovich after having been previously inducted into
7308-401: The Adena culture is the Great Serpent Mound , located in Adams County, Ohio . Around 100 BC, the Adena evolved into the Hopewell people, who were also mound builders. Their complex, large and technologically sophisticated earthworks can be found in modern-day Marietta , Newark , and Circleville . They were also a prolific trading society, their trading network spanning a third of
7434-517: The American Revolution, Britain thinly exercised sovereignty over Ohio Country by lackadaisical garrisoning of the French forts. Just beyond Ohio Country was the great Miami capital of Kekionga , which became the center of British trade and influence in Ohio Country and throughout the future Northwest Territory . By the Royal Proclamation of 1763 , British lands west of Appalachia were forbidden to settlement by colonists. The Treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768 explicitly reserved lands north and west of
7560-425: The East to migrate west against their will, including all remaining tribes in Ohio. In 1835, Ohio fought with the Michigan Territory in the Toledo War , a mostly bloodless boundary war over the Toledo Strip. Only one person was injured in the conflict. Congress intervened, making Michigan 's admittance as a state conditional on ending the conflict. In exchange for giving up its claim to the Toledo Strip, Michigan
7686-507: The Folsom and Clovis types indicate that the Ohio Valley was inhabited by nomadic people as early as 13,000 BC. These early nomads disappeared from Ohio by 1,000 BC. Between 1,000 and 800 BC, the sedentary Adena culture emerged. The Adena established "semi-permanent" villages because they domesticated plants, including sunflowers, and "grew squash and possibly corn"; with hunting and gathering, this cultivation supported more settled, complex villages. The most notable remnant of
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#17327903458787812-424: The Lenape Indian capital of Coshocton ; a detachment of one hundred of George Rogers Clark 's troops that were ambushed near the Ohio River by Indians led by Joseph Brant in the same year; a British and Native American attack on the U.S.' Fort Laurens ; and the 1782 detainment and murder of 96 Moravian Lenape pacifists by Pennsylvania militiamen in the Gnadenhutten massacre . The western theatre never had
7938-461: The Northeast to the Midwest, much cargo and business traffic passes through its borders along its well-developed highways. Ohio has the nation's 10th-largest highway network and is within a one-day drive of 50% of North America's population and 70% of North America's manufacturing capacity. To the north, Ohio has 312 miles (502 km) of coastline with Lake Erie, which allows for numerous cargo ports such as Cleveland and Toledo. Ohio's southern border
8064-402: The Ohio River from the West Virginia Panhandle to the outskirts of Cincinnati, forms a distinct socioeconomic unit. Geologically similar to parts of West Virginia and southwestern Pennsylvania, this area's coal mining legacy, dependence on small pockets of old manufacturing establishments, and distinctive regional dialect set this section off from the rest of the state. In 1965, Congress passed
8190-449: The Ohio River were attacked and ransacked in Morgan's Raid , starting in Harrison in the west and culminating in the Battle of Salineville near West Point in the far east. While this raid was overall insignificant to the Confederacy, it aroused fear among people in Ohio and Indiana as it was the furthest advancement of troops from the South in the war. Almost 35,000 Ohioans died in the conflict, and 30,000 were physically wounded. By
8316-434: The Ohio River. Also evidencing this climatic transition from a subtropical to a continental climate, several plants such as the Southern magnolia ( Magnolia grandiflora ) , Albizia julibrissin (mimosa), Crape Myrtle , and even the occasional Needle Palm are hardy landscape materials regularly used as street, yard, and garden plantings in the Bluegrass region of Ohio; but these same plants will simply not thrive in much of
8442-412: The Ohio as Native lands. British military occupation in the region contributed to the outbreak of Pontiac's War in 1763. Ohio tribes participated in the war until an armed expedition in Ohio led by Brigadier General Henry Bouquet brought about a truce. Another colonial military expedition into the Ohio Country in 1774 brought Lord Dunmore's War , kicked off by the Yellow Creek massacre in Ohio, to
8568-591: The Ozarks , Rose Law Firm , Westrock Coffee, Central Flying Service, and large brokerage Stephens Inc. are headquartered in Little Rock. Large companies headquartered in other cities but with a large presence in Little Rock are Dassault Falcon Jet (near Little Rock National Airport in the eastern part of the city), Fidelity National Information Services (in northwestern Little Rock), and Welspun Corp (in Southeast Little Rock). Little Rock and its surroundings are home to headquarters for large nonprofit organizations, such as Winrock International , Heifer International ,
8694-424: The Pennsylvania line aforesaid. Ohio is bounded by the Ohio River, but nearly all of the river belongs to Kentucky and West Virginia. In 1980, the U.S. Supreme Court held that, based on the wording of the cessation of territory by Virginia (which at the time included what is now Kentucky and West Virginia), the boundary between Ohio and Kentucky (and, by implication, West Virginia) is the northern low-water mark of
8820-451: The Power Ultra Lounge nightclub in downtown Little Rock; although there were no deaths, 28 people were injured and one hospitalized. In 2021, Little Rock saw a decrease in most violent crime, but a 24% increase in homicides from 2020. The 65 homicides were the third-most on record in the city. Little Rock set a new record of 81 homicides in 2022. Dillard's Department Stores , Windstream Communications and Acxiom , Simmons Bank , Bank of
8946-523: The Quorum, Circuit, District, and Juvenile Courts; and the Assessor, County Judge, County Attorney, and Public Defender's offices. Both the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas and the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit have judicial facilities in Little Rock. Emergency Response is brought to you by the Little Rock Police Department , Little Rock Fire Department, and Metropolitan Emergency Medical Service (MEMS) The Little Rock School District (LRSD) operates
9072-841: The RiverBlades of the ECHL played at the Verizon Arena . Little Rock is home to the Grande Maumelle Sailing Club. Established in 1959, the club hosts multiple regattas during the year on both Lake Maumelle and the Arkansas River . Little Rock is also home to the Little Rock Marathon , held on the first Saturday of March every year since 2003. The marathon features the world's largest medal given to marathon participants. Little Rock has 48 parks in its park system. The region's largest park
9198-831: The Shawnee, excluding the Pekowi in Southwest Ohio, were forcibly relocated west. Ohio played a key role in the War of 1812, as it was on the front line in the Western theater and the scene of several notable battles both on land and in Lake Erie . On September 10, 1813, the Battle of Lake Erie , one of the major battles, took place near Put-in-Bay, Ohio . The British eventually surrendered to Oliver Hazard Perry . Ultimately, after
9324-566: The South; it features seasonal festivals and cultural events. Lassis Inn was a meeting place for civil rights leaders in the 1950s and 1960s, including Daisy Bates , while they were planning efforts such as the desegregation of Little Rock Central High School . In 2017, it was among the three inaugural inductees into the Arkansas Food Hall of Fame , along with Rhoda's Famous Hot Tamales and Jones Bar-B-Q Diner . In 2020, it
9450-542: The U.S. government used the Indian Removal Act of 1830 to force countless Native American tribes on the Trail of Tears , where all the southern states except for Florida were successfully emptied of Native peoples, the government panicked because most tribes did not want to be forced out of their own lands. Fearing further wars between Native tribes and American settlers, they pushed all remaining Native tribes in
9576-937: The United Methodist Church, are also in Little Rock. Located in downtown is the Clinton School of Public Service , a branch of the University of Arkansas System, which offers master's degrees in public service. Pulaski Technical College has two locations in Little Rock. The Pulaski Technical College Little Rock-South site houses programs in automotive technology, collision repair technology, commercial driver training, diesel technology, small engine repair technology and motorcycle/all-terrain vehicle repair technology. The Pulaski Technical College Culinary Arts and Hospitality Management Institute and The Finish Line Cafe are also in Little Rock-South. There
9702-599: The aggressive tactics of the Iroquois Confederation , based in central and western New York. After the Beaver Wars in the mid-17th century, the Iroquois claimed much of the Ohio country as hunting and, more importantly, beaver-trapping ground. After the devastation of epidemics and war in the mid-17th century, which largely emptied the Ohio country of Indigenous people by the mid-to-late 17th century,
9828-1182: The city such as Mills University Studies High School and Joe T. Robinson High School . Little Rock is home to both the Arkansas School for the Blind (ASB) and the Arkansas School for the Deaf (ASD), which are state-run schools operated by the Board of Trustees of the ASB–ASD. In addition, eStem Public Charter High School and LISA Academy provide tuition-free public education as charter schools. Various private schools are in Little Rock, such as: Arkansas Baptist School System , Central Arkansas Christian Schools , Episcopal Collegiate School , Little Rock Catholic High School , Little Rock Christian Academy , Mount Saint Mary Academy and Pulaski Academy . Little Rock's Catholic high school for African-Americans, St. Bartholomew High School, closed in 1964. The Catholic grade school St. Bartholomew School, also established for African-Americans, closed in 1974. The Our Lady of Good Counsel School closed in 2006. Little Rock
9954-412: The city was $ 37,572, and the median income for a family was $ 47,446. Males had a median income of $ 35,689 versus $ 26,802 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 23,209 . 14.3% of the population is below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 20.9% of those under the age of 18 and 9.0% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. The 2020 U.S. Census population estimate for
10080-772: The city's comprehensive public school system. As of 2012 , the district has 64 schools with more schools being built. As of the 2009–2010 school year, the district's enrollment is 25,685. It has 5 high schools, 8 middle schools, 31 elementary schools, 1 early childhood (pre-kindergarten) center, 2 alternative schools, 1 adult education center, 1 accelerated learning center, 1 career-technical center, and about 3,800 employees. The public high schools in Little Rock are Little Rock Central High School , Little Rock Southwest High School , Little Rock West High School , Hall STEAM Magnet High School and Parkview Arts and Science Magnet High School . The Pulaski County Special School District (PCSSD) serves parts of Little Rock. PCSSD high schools are in
10206-472: The city. As of the 2010 census, there were 193,524 people, 82,018 households, and 47,799 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,576.0 inhabitants per square mile (608.5/km ). There were 91,288 housing units at an average density of 769.1 per square mile (297.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 48.9% White, 42.3% Black, 0.4% Native American, 2.7% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 3.9% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. 6.8% of
10332-552: The classics of dramatic literature. The Community Theatre of Little Rock , founded in 1956, is the area's oldest performance art company. The Arkansas Symphony Orchestra performs over 30 concerts a year and many events. The Robinson Center Music Hall is the main performance center of the Arkansas Symphony Orchestra. The Wildwood Park for the Arts is the largest park dedicated to the performing arts in
10458-541: The construction of the Muskingum Academy (now Marietta College ). In 1780, the directors of the Ohio Company appointed him superintendent of all its affairs relating to the settlement north of the Ohio River. In 1796, President George Washington commissioned him as Surveyor-General of United States Lands. In 1788, he served as a judge in the Northwest Territory's first court. In 1802, he served in
10584-658: The continent. The Hopewell disappeared from the Ohio Valley about 600 AD. The Mississippian culture rose as the Hopewell culture declined. Many Siouan-speaking peoples from the plains and east coast claim them as ancestors and say they lived throughout the Ohio region until approximately the 13th century. There were three other cultures contemporaneous with the Mississippians: the Fort Ancient people,
10710-544: The convention to form a constitution for the State of Ohio. On February 19, 1803, U.S. President Thomas Jefferson signed an act of Congress that approved Ohio's boundaries and constitution. But Congress had not passed a formal resolution admitting Ohio as the 17th state. Although no formal resolution of admission was required, when the oversight was discovered in 1953, as Ohio began preparations for celebrating its sesquicentennial, Ohio congressman George H. Bender introduced
10836-490: The end of the Civil War, the Union's top three generals— Ulysses S. Grant , William Tecumseh Sherman , and Philip Sheridan —were all from Ohio. During much of the 19th century, industry was rapidly introduced to complement an existing agricultural economy. One of the first iron manufacturing plants, Hopewell Furnace, opened near Youngstown in 1804. By the mid-19th century, 48 blast furnaces were operating in Ohio, most in
10962-492: The extreme southern counties of Ohio's Bluegrass region section, which are located on the northern periphery of the humid subtropical climate ( Cfa ) and Upland South region of the United States. Summers are typically hot and humid throughout the state, while winters generally range from cool to cold. Precipitation in Ohio is moderate year-round. Severe weather is not uncommon in the state, although there are typically fewer tornado reports in Ohio than in states located in what
11088-798: The first successful airplane. Ohio was hit by its greatest natural disaster in the Great Flood of 1913 , resulting in at least 428 fatalities and hundreds of millions of dollars in property damage, particularly around the Great Miami River basin. The National Football League was originally founded in Canton, Ohio in 1920 as the American Professional Football Conference. It included Ohio League teams in five Ohio cities (Akron, Canton, Cleveland, Columbus, and Dayton), none of which still exist. The first official game occurred on October 3, 1920, when
11214-703: The governorship of Bob Taft , which aimed to increase investment in Ohio and boost its technology sector. As of 2010, the Ohio Department of Development attributes the creation of 9,500 jobs to this program, with an average salary of $ 65,000, while having a $ 6.6 billion economic impact with a return on investment of 9:1. In 2010 the state won the International Economic Development Council 's Excellence in Economic Development Award, celebrated as
11340-453: The land gradually became repopulated by the mostly Algonquian . Many of these Ohio-country nations were multiethnic (sometimes multi-linguistic) societies born out of the earlier devastation brought about by disease, war, and subsequent social instability. They subsisted on agriculture (corn, sunflowers, beans, etc.) supplemented by seasonal hunts. By the 18th century, they were part of a larger global economy brought about by European entry into
11466-555: The lands west of the Appalachian Mountains that were contested by various native tribes and European colonists from the 17th century through the Northwest Indian Wars of the late 18th century. Ohio was partitioned from the Northwest Territory , the first frontier of the new United States, becoming the 17th state admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803, and the first under the Northwest Ordinance . It
11592-462: The longest pedestrian/bicycle bridge in North America that has never been used by trains or motor vehicles at 4,226 feet (1,288 m). Little Rock Zoo , founded in 1926, consists of at least 725 animals and over 200 species. The city has operated under the city manager form of government since November 1957. In 1993, voters approved changes from seven at-large city directors (who rated
11718-586: The movement of Natives and Americans between the Ohio Country and Thirteen Colonies had resulted in tension. Fort Pitt in Pennsylvania had become the main fort where expeditions into Ohio started. Intrusions into the area included General Edward Hand 's 1778 movement of 500 Pennsylvania militiamen from Fort Pitt towards Mingo towns on the Cuyahoga River , where the British stored military supplies which they distributed to Indian raiding parties; Colonel Daniel Brodhead 's invasion in 1780 and destruction of
11844-536: The nine black students began attending Central High School. President Dwight D. Eisenhower , on the request of Woodrow Wilson Mann , Little Rock's mayor, deployed the 101st Airborne Division to the city and federalized the Arkansas National Guard to protect the students and ensure their safe passage to the school. Little Rock's four public high schools were closed in September 1958, and reopened
11970-596: The northern Atlantic Ocean via Lake Erie and the St. Lawrence River , and those in southern Ohio drain into the Gulf of Mexico via the Ohio River and the Mississippi . Ohio also includes Bass Islands and Kelleys Island . Grand Lake St. Marys in the west-central part of the state was constructed as a supply of water for canals in the canal-building era of 1820–1850. This body of water, over 20 square miles (52 km ),
12096-471: The original Warner Brothers , who set up their first movie theatre in Youngstown before the company relocated to California. The state produced many popular musicians, including Dean Martin , Doris Day , The O'Jays , Marilyn Manson , Dave Grohl , Devo , Macy Gray and The Isley Brothers . Two Ohio astronauts completed significant milestones in the space race in the 1960s: John Glenn becoming
12222-513: The overseas operations. Humbard began to build a rotating-tower restaurant (similar to Calgary Tower ) at his Cathedral of Tomorrow complex in Cuyahoga Falls, which was also slated to hold a transmission tower for his planned local TV station on Channel 55, WCOT. During that time, though, the SEC investigation mentioned above occurred and Humbard had to stop construction of the tower, with
12348-412: The population is Hispanic or Latino. There were 82,018 households, of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.6% were married couples living together, 17.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.7% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
12474-462: The position of mayor among themselves) to a popularly elected mayor, seven ward directors and three at-large directors. The position of mayor remained a part-time position until August 2007. At that point, voters approved making the mayor's position a full-time position with veto power , while a vice mayor is selected by and among members of the city board. The current mayor, elected in November 2018,
12600-626: The programs. His ministry eventually extended to Canada , Europe , the Middle East , Far East , Australia , Latin America and Africa , giving it a worldwide reach of 20 million viewers, greater than any of his contemporaries by the late 1970s. In Brazil , he attracted large crowds at the giant soccer stadium in São Paulo for weeks. Humbard officiated at Elvis Presley 's funeral, as Presley had been an admirer of Humbard's ministry. In
12726-483: The rest of the state. This interesting change may be observed while traveling through Ohio on Interstate 75 from Cincinnati to Toledo ; the observant traveler of this diverse state may even catch a glimpse of Cincinnati's common wall lizard , one of the few examples of permanent "subtropical" fauna in Ohio. The worst weather disaster in Ohio history occurred along the Great Miami River in 1913. Known as
12852-535: The river as it existed in 1792. Ohio has only that portion of the river between the river's 1792 low-water mark and the present high-water mark. The border with Michigan has also changed, as a result of the Toledo War , to angle slightly northeast to the north shore of the mouth of the Maumee River. Much of Ohio features glaciated till plains , with an exceptionally flat area in the northwest being known as
12978-460: The river from Little Rock, but it is a separate city. North Little Rock was once the 8th ward of Little Rock. An Arkansas Supreme Court decision on February 6, 1904, allowed the ward to merge with the neighboring town of North Little Rock. The merged town quickly renamed itself Argenta (the local name for the former 8th Ward), but returned to its original name in October 1917. Little Rock lies in
13104-684: The same time. The old Northwest Territory originally included areas previously known as Ohio Country and Illinois Country . As Ohio prepared for statehood, the Indiana Territory was created, reducing the Northwest Territory to approximately the size of present-day Ohio plus the eastern half of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan and the eastern tip of the Upper Peninsula and a sliver of southeastern Indiana called "The Gore". The coalition of Native American tribes, known as
13230-486: The scrutiny of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Officials in at least six states halted the sale of the securities. Humbard said that the SEC did not allow him to count expected bequests from wills as assets, that the ministry never missed an interest payment, and that the investors were not worried about losing their money. In the end, he was forced to sell off nearly all of the ministry's assets and cut off
13356-445: The southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the west, and Michigan to the northwest. Of the 50 U.S. states , it is the 34th-largest by area . With a population of nearly 11.8 million, Ohio is the seventh-most populous and tenth-most densely populated state . Its capital and most populous city is Columbus , with other large population centers including Cleveland , Cincinnati , Dayton , Akron , and Toledo . Ohio
13482-583: The southern part of the state. Discovery of coal deposits aided the further development of Ohio's steel industry, and by 1853 Cleveland was the nation's third-largest iron and steel producer. The first Bessemer converter was purchased by the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company , which became part of the U.S. Steel Corporation after the merger of Federal Steel Company and Carnegie Steel , the first billion-dollar American corporation. The first open-hearth furnace used for steel production
13608-515: The stadium from time to time. Little Rock was a host of the First and Second Rounds of the 2008 NCAA men's basketball tournament . It has also been a host of the SEC women's basketball tournament. The now defunct Arkansas RiverBlades and Arkansas GlacierCats , both minor-league hockey teams, were in the Little Rock area. The GlacierCats of the now defunct Western Professional Hockey League (WPHL) played in Little Rock at Barton Coliseum while
13734-424: The state throughout the 20th century and often moved to other cities that were larger centers for their work. They included Zane Grey , Milton Caniff , George Bellows , Art Tatum , Roy Lichtenstein , and Roy Rogers . Alan Freed , who emerged from the swing dance culture in Cleveland, hosted the first live rock 'n roll concert in Cleveland in 1952. Famous filmmakers include Steven Spielberg , Chris Columbus and
13860-680: The state unemployment rate reaching a high of 37.3%. American Jews watched the rise of Nazi Germany with apprehension. Cleveland residents Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster created the Superman comic character in the spirit of the Jewish golem . Many of their comics portrayed Superman fighting and defeating the Nazis . Approximately 839,000 Ohioans served in the U.S. armed forces during World War II , of whom over 23,000 died or were missing in action. Artists, writers, musicians and actors developed in
13986-626: The state's largest public employers, with over 10,552 employees, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) and its healthcare partners— Arkansas Children's Hospital and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System —have a total annual economic impact in Arkansas of about $ 5 billion. UAMS receives less than 11% of its funding from the state; it is funded by payments for clinical services (64%), grants and contracts (18%), philanthropy and other (5%), and tuition and fees (2%). The Little Rock port
14112-569: The state, sometimes assimilating in part. Starting around 1809, the Shawnee pressed resistance to encroachment again. Under Chief Tecumseh , Tecumseh's War officially began in Ohio in 1811. When the War of 1812 began, the British decided to attack from Upper Canada into Ohio and merge their forces with the Shawnee. This continued until Tecumseh was killed at the Battle of the Thames in 1813. Most of
14238-553: The state. During the 18th century, the French set up a system of trading posts to control the fur trade in the region. Beginning in 1754, the Kingdom of France and Kingdom of Great Britain fought in the French and Indian War , with various Native American tribes on each side. As a result of the Treaty of Paris , the French ceded control of Ohio and the remainder of the Old Northwest to Great Britain in 1763. Before
14364-615: The success of many Republican candidates in Ohio since the late 2000s has led many to question whether Ohio remains an electoral battleground. On March 9, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic reached Ohio, with three cases reported. As of February 2023, over 41,600 Ohioans have died from COVID-19. Ohio's economy was also heavily impacted by the pandemic, as the state saw large job losses in 2020, as well as large amounts of subsequent stimulus spending . Ohio's location has proven to be an asset for economic growth and expansion. Because it links
14490-482: The war. It contributed more soldiers per capita than any other state in the Union. In 1862, the state's morale was badly shaken in the aftermath of the Battle of Shiloh , a costly victory in which Ohio forces suffered 2,000 casualties. Later that year, when Confederate troops under the leadership of Stonewall Jackson threatened Washington, D.C., Ohio governor David Tod recruited 5,000 volunteers to provide three months of service. From July 13 to 26, 1863, towns along
14616-406: Was 2.30 and the average family size was 3.00. In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85 males. The median income for a household in
14742-648: Was constructed by the Otis Steel Company in Cleveland, and by 1892, Ohio was the second-largest steel-producing state, behind Pennsylvania. Republic Steel was founded in Youngstown in 1899 and was at one point the nation's third-largest producer. Armco , now AK Steel, was founded in Middletown in 1899. The state legislature officially adopted the flag of Ohio on May 9, 1902. Dayton natives Orville and Wilbur Wright made four brief flights at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina , on December 17, 1903, inventing
14868-461: Was given the western two-thirds of the Upper Peninsula , in addition to the eastern third, which was already considered part of the territory. Ohio's central position and its population gave it an important place in the Civil War . The Ohio River was a vital artery for troop and supply movements, as were Ohio's railroads. Ohio's industry made it one of the most important states in the Union during
14994-472: Was in 1949. Humbard's $ 4 million Cathedral of Tomorrow church in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio , a suburb of Akron , was built in 1958 specifically to accommodate television equipment, crew and chorus, as well as seating for 5,400 people. Humbard's television programs featured gospel music such as the popular Cathedral Quartet . Humbard's wife, Maude Aimee, and his children were also often featured on
15120-819: Was named an America's Classic by the James Beard Foundation. Little Rock is home to the Arkansas Travelers . They are the AA professional Minor League Baseball affiliate of the Seattle Mariners in the Texas League . The Travelers played their last game in Little Rock at Ray Winder Field on September 3, 2006, and moved into Dickey–Stephens Park in nearby North Little Rock in April 2007. The Little Rock Rangers soccer club of
15246-618: Was purchased by the Trinity Broadcasting Network as its Cleveland -area station. Another son, Charles, heads the UP television network. The rest of Humbard's Cathedral of Tomorrow complex was sold in 1984 to television evangelist Ernest Angley , while a new channel 55 allocation was acquired by Angley's Winston Broadcasting Network division for the current Akron- licensed and Cuyahoga Falls-based former CW affiliate, WBNX-TV . After retiring to Lantana, Florida , in
15372-486: Was survived by his wife, Maude Aimee (who died in 2012), and four children. He is buried at Rose Hill Burial Park in Fairlawn, Ohio . Little Rock, Arkansas Little Rock ( Quapaw : I’i-zhinka , lit. ' Little rock ' ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arkansas . The city's population was 202,591 as of the 2020 census. The six-county Little Rock metropolitan area
15498-403: Was the capital from 1803 to 1810. The capital was then moved to Zanesville for two years as part of a state legislative compromise to get a bill passed. The capital was then moved back to Chillicothe from 1812 to 1816. Finally, the capital was moved to Columbus, to be near the state's geographic center. Although many Native Americans migrated west to evade American encroachment, others remained in
15624-529: Was the first post-colonial free state admitted to the union and became one of the earliest and most influential industrial powerhouses during the 20th century. Although it has transitioned to a more information- and service-based economy in the 21st century, it remains an industrial state, ranking seventh in GDP as of 2019 , with the third-largest manufacturing sector and second-largest automobile production. Modeled on its federal counterpart, Ohio's government
15750-750: Was the largest artificial lake in the world when completed in 1845. Ohio's canal-building projects were not the economic fiasco that similar efforts were in other states. Some cities, such as Dayton, owe their industrial emergence to their location on canals, and as late as 1910 interior canals carried much of the bulk freight of the state. Areas under the protection of the National Park Service include Cuyahoga Valley National Park , Hopewell Culture National Historical Park , Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park , First Ladies National Historic Site , James A. Garfield National Historic Site , William Howard Taft National Historic Site , and
15876-419: Was the preferred site of Territorial Governor James Miller . The issue was tabled until October 1820, by which time most of the legislators and other influential men had purchased lots around Little Rock. The legislature moved the capital to Little Rock, where it has remained ever since. Little Rock Nine were the nine African American students who desegregated Little Rock Central High School in 1957 after
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