157-427: RuPaul Andre Charles (born November 17, 1960) is an American drag queen , television host, singer, producer, writer, and actor. He produces, hosts, and judges the reality competition series RuPaul's Drag Race and has received several accolades , including 14 Primetime Emmy Awards , three GLAAD Media Awards , a Critics' Choice Television Award , two Billboard Music Awards , and a Tony Award . He has been dubbed
314-528: A humanitarian aid organization known as the Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) and tax-exempt businesses such as Sanitarium , the proceeds of which contribute to the church's charitable and religious activities. The Seventh-day Adventist Church is the largest of several Adventist groups which arose from the Millerite movement of the 1840s in upstate New York , a phase of
471-644: A " Blue Zone " of longevity, and attributes that to the large concentration of Seventh-day Adventists and their health practices. The 96,000 adults who participated in the Adventist Health Studies-2 from 2001 to 2007 were 30 to 112 years old, and lived in Canada and the United States . The study revealed 8% were vegans , 28% were ovo / lacto - vegetarians , 10% were pesco-vegetarians , 6% semi-vegetarian and 48% non-vegetarian. 98.9% of
628-459: A 2018 article, Psychology Today stated that drag queens are "most typically gay cisgender men (though there are many drag queens of varying sexual orientations and gender identities)". Examples of trans-feminine drag queens, sometimes called trans queens , include Monica Beverly Hillz and Peppermint . Cisgender female drag queens are sometimes called faux queens or bioqueens , though critics of this practice assert that faux carries
785-406: A beauty collection. Released alongside the line was a unisex perfume entitled " Glamazon ". Talking to World of Wonder he said: "Glamazon is for women and men of all ages and preferences who share one thing in common: They are not afraid to be fierce. For me, glamour should be accessible to all, and I am committed to helping the world look and smell more beautiful." The line was exclusively sold on
942-583: A campaign for presidency in 1992 under the slogan "Lick Bush in '92!" and documented in the 1993 video of the same name. Smith also ran for president in 1996 with the slogan "Lick Slick Willie in '96!" In each of these campaigns Smith ran on the Queer Nation Party ticket. In June 2019, a play based on Smith's 1992 presidential campaign, titled Ms. Blakk for President, written by Tarell Alvin McCraney and Tina Landau and starring McCraney in
1099-530: A daytime talk show titled RuPaul premiered. It was cancelled after a three-week test run, since it was not picked by any Fox TV stations. He also appeared in Taylor Swift 's " You Need to Calm Down " music video. In late 2019, the first season of RuPaul's Drag Race UK was released on BBC3 . It was well-received, with The Guardian stating that the British version had "saved" the franchise. It
1256-496: A drag performance. While drag is often viewed as a performance based art form and a type of entertainment, it is possible to engage with drag as an art form outside of performance or for purposes other than entertainment. Drag has been used within studio art such as photography, political activism, and fashion to name a few applications outside of performance. The origin of the term drag is uncertain. The first recorded use of drag in reference to actors dressed in women's clothing
1413-523: A drag-aissance. Before being colonized by Spain in the mid-1500s, it was a national custom for men to dress in women's clothing. However, when the Spaniards arrived, they not only outlawed homosexuality but executed men that appeared to be homosexual. Spain cast a culture of Machismo onto the Philippines, causing any kind of queerness and queer culture to be heavily suppressed. Nonetheless, in
1570-513: A female impersonator as a "professional drag queen". She considered the term female impersonator to be the one that was (then) widely understood by heterosexual audiences. However, feminist and queer studies scholar Sarah French defined a clear separation between these two terms. She defined drag as an art form associated with queer identity whereas female impersonation comes from a wide a range of gender identity paradigms, including heteronormativity . Additionally, many drag artists view drag as
1727-696: A guest "chef". In March 2009, RuPaul released the album Champion . The album spawned four singles " Cover Girl ", " Jealous of My Boogie ", "Devil Made Me Do It", and "Tranny Chaser". The album peaked at number 12 on the Billboard Dance/Electronic Albums as well as 26 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart. Logo's second annual NewNowNext Awards in 2009 were hosted by RuPaul. There he performed "Jealous of My Boogie (Gomi & RasJek Edit)". In March 2010, RuPaul released his second remix album, Drag Race ,
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#17328015760551884-452: A heightened or exaggerated gender presentation. In the 1940s John Herbert , who sometimes competed in drag pageants, was the victim of an attempted robbery while he was dressed as a woman. His assailants falsely claimed that Herbert had solicited them for sex, and Herbert was accused and convicted of indecency under Canada's same-sex sexual activity law (which was not repealed until 1969). After being convicted, Herbert served time in
2041-563: A judge. On March 2, 2015, RuPaul released his eighth studio album, Realness . The release coincided with the premiere of the seventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race . In April, he launched and began hosting a new show, Good Work , a plastic surgery-themed talk show for E! . In October he released his second Christmas album , and ninth studio album, Slay Belles . The album contains ten original Christmas-themed songs and features collaborations with Michelle Visage , Siedah Garrett , Todrick Hall , and Big Freedia . The album charted at 21 on
2198-503: A large part in RuPaul's Drag Race ' s continuous television success. By pioneering queer representation on television, many believe RuPaul to have essentially revolutionised the portrayal of the LGBTQ + community on screen. He first won an Emmy for his work on the show in 2016, and one year later the show garnered eight nominations, including Outstanding Reality-Competition Program for
2355-630: A line differentiating amateurs performing in drag for fun from professional female impersonators who made a living performing in drag. The second original meaning of drag queen was applied to men who chose to wear women's clothing on the streets, an act which was at that time illegal in New York City. Of this latter type two additional slang terms were applied: square drag queens which meant "boys who looked like girls but who you knew were boys" and street queens who were queer male sex workers, often homeless, that dressed as women. This second use of
2512-604: A lived form of self-expression or creativity, and perceive drag as something that is not limited to the stage or to performance. In contrast, female impersonation is specifically limited to performance and may or may not involve an LGBTQI point of view. Female impersonation can be traced back at least as far as ancient Greece. There was little to no gender equity then and women held a lower social status. This meant male actors would play female roles during theatrical performances. This tradition continued for centuries but began to be less prevalent as motion pictures became popular. During
2669-539: A majority of North American church youth reject some of these standards. On June 29, 2000, the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists adopted a resolution on gambling . The church encourages its members not to gamble and it will not accept funding from it. Missionary work with children and youth begins with the Adventurer club. The Adventurer curriculum is for children aged between 4–9 and it
2826-630: A more comprehensive awareness of the Godhead during the 1890s. The Adventist Church adopted Trinitarian theology early in the 20th century and began to dialogue with other Protestant groups toward the middle of the century, eventually gaining wide recognition as a Protestant church. Christianity Today recognized the Seventh-day Adventist church as "the fifth-largest Christian communion worldwide" in its January 22, 2015 issue. Although her husband claimed that her visions did not support
2983-474: A musical guest. On May 4, 2020, it was announced that RuPaul would be on The Price Is Right at Night airing May 11. He also made an appearance in the premiere episode of Canada's Drag Race . In August 2021, RuPaul guest hosted two episodes of the talk show Jimmy Kimmel Live! ; he also interviewed RuPaul's Drag Race season 13 winner Symone on the program. He did voice work in Amphibia portraying
3140-429: A new album would be released the week after. The album, named Remember Me: Essential, Vol. 1 was put up for pre-order on February 2 and eventually released the next day. It is a collection of new songs and remakes of classic RuPaul hits that feature new artists. Two singles have been released from the album so far: "Rock It (To The Moon)" which is a new song loosely based on the lyrics and the melody of "Hey Booty" which
3297-621: A part of gay culture . People do drag for reasons ranging from self-expression to mainstream performance. Drag shows frequently include lip-syncing , live singing, and dancing. They typically occur at LGBTQ pride parades , drag pageants , cabarets , carnivals , and nightclubs . Drag queens vary by type, culture, and dedication, from professionals who star in films and spend a lot of their time in their drag personas, to people who do drag only occasionally. Women who dress as men and entertain by imitating them are called drag kings . Those who do occasional drag may be from other backgrounds than
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#17328015760553454-531: A popular fixture on the LGBT nightclub scene . He achieved international fame as a drag queen with the release of his debut single, " Supermodel (You Better Work) ". RuPaul was a spokesperson for MAC Cosmetics in 1994, raising money for the Mac AIDS Fund and becoming the first drag queen to land a major cosmetics campaign. RuPaul's Drag Race was created in 2009 and has gone on to produce sixteen seasons in
3611-438: A post- transition trans woman would "probably not" be accepted onto the show, noting that at the time of competition Peppermint had not yet had breast implants . After facing criticism on social media and from former contestants for his remarks, RuPaul compared trans drag queens who had transitioned to athletes who had taken performance-enhancing drugs . He subsequently expressed regret for the hurt caused by his remarks, and that
3768-449: A presence beyond North America during the late 19th century. The denomination's rapid growth continued, with 75,000 members in 1901. By that time, the denomination operated two colleges, a medical school, a dozen academies, 27 hospitals, and 13 publishing houses. By 1945, the church estimated that it had 210,000 members in the US and Canada, along with 360,000 members who lived in other parts of
3925-440: A public service announcement supporting National Voter Registration Day and urging everyone to register. As RuPaul said voter ID laws vary from state to state; the details of the voter ID required in each state are provided by HeadCount and VoteRiders . As one in five LGBTQ adults are not registered to vote, voter registration efforts have expanded recently. Several stars from RuPaul's Drag Race act as Ambassadors for Drag Out
4082-569: A reality television game show which aired on Logo in February 2009. On the program drag queens compete to be selected by RuPaul and a panel of judges as "America's next drag superstar". The first season's winner was BeBe Zahara Benet , and first runner-up Nina Flowers was chosen by fans as "Miss Congeniality" through voting via the show's official website. To publicize the new show, RuPaul appeared on several other shows in 2008, including Project Runway , as guest judge, and on Paula's Party as
4239-480: A small donation from the Manhattan Association of Cabarets. The Instagram post RuPaul made prior to the establishment of the fund called on followers to vote, saying, "Register to vote so we can get those stunt queens out of office." The video ends with the statement, "By the way, a social media post has never been as powerful as a registered vote." Lauren Herold of Mic.com deemed RuPaul "arguably
4396-696: A star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the television industry. RuPaul has made appearances in films, including Crooklyn (1994), The Brady Bunch Movie (1995), and But I'm a Cheerleader (1999), as well as television series, including Girlboss and Broad City (both 2017). He created and starred in the Netflix original series AJ and the Queen (2020). RuPaul has also published four books: Lettin' It All Hang Out (1995), Workin' It! RuPaul's Guide to Life, Liberty, and
4553-576: A talk show of his own on VH1 , called The RuPaul Show interviewing celebrity guests and musical acts. Cher , Diana Ross , Nirvana , Duran Duran , Pat Benatar , Mary J. Blige , Bea Arthur , Dionne Warwick , Cyndi Lauper , Olivia Newton-John , Beenie Man , Pete Burns , Bow Wow Wow , and the Backstreet Boys were notable guests. His co-host was Michelle Visage with whom he also co-hosted on WKTU radio. On one episode, RuPaul featured guests Chi Chi LaRue and Tom Chase speaking about
4710-673: A tradition, when pantomimes became a popular form of entertainment in Europe during the late 1800s to the mid-1900s. The dame became a stock character with a range of attitudes from " charwoman " to " grande dame " who was mainly used for improvisation. A notable, and highly successful, pantomime dame from this period was Dan Leno . Beyond theatre, in the 1800s, Molly houses became a place for gay men to meet, often dressed in drag. Despite homosexuality being outlawed, men would dress in women's clothing and attend these taverns and coffee houses to congregate and meet other, mostly gay, men. By
4867-409: A woman; I dress like a drag queen!" The meaning of the term drag queen has changed across time. The term first emerged in New York City in the 1950s, and initially had two meanings. The first meaning referred to an amateur performer who did not make a living in drag but may have participated in amateur public performances such as those held at a drag ball or a drag pageant . This was meant to draw
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5024-562: A young Seventh Day Baptist . This message was gradually accepted and formed the topic of the first edition of the church publication The Present Truth , which appeared in July 1849. For about 20 years, the Adventist movement consisted of a small, loosely knit group of people who came from many churches and whose primary means of connection and interaction was through James White's periodical The Advent Review and Sabbath Herald . They embraced
5181-608: A youth reformatory in Guelph, Ontario . Herbert later served another sentence for indecency at reformatory in Mimico . Herbert wrote Fortune and Men's Eyes in 1964 based on his time behind bars. He included the character of Queenie as an authorial self-insertion . In 1973 the first Canadian play about and starring a drag queen, Hosanna by Michel Tremblay , was performed at Théâtre de Quat'Sous in Montreal . In 1977
5338-671: Is "one of the two institutions that, after the fall, Adam brought with him beyond the gates of Paradise." The Old and New Testament texts are interpreted by some Adventists to teach that wives should submit to their husbands in marriage. Adventists hold that heterosexual marriages are the only biblically ordained grounds for sexual intimacy . Adventists do not perform same-sex marriages , and individuals who are openly homosexual cannot be ordained, but may hold church office and membership if they are not actively pursuing same-sex relationships. Current church policy states that openly homosexual (and "practicing") persons are to be welcomed into
5495-604: Is 70% African and 30% European. After his parents divorced in 1967, RuPaul and his three sisters lived with their mother, a Seventh-day Adventist . He was raised in the Catholic faith and attended Patrick Henry High School . At 15, RuPaul and his sister Renetta moved to Atlanta, where they studied performing arts. RuPaul struggled as a musician and filmmaker during the 1980s, working at Atlanta's Plaza Theatre . In 1982, he debuted on an Atlanta public access variety show called The American Music Show , and went on to appear on
5652-565: Is a structured time of small-group bible study at church. Adventists make use of an officially produced "Sabbath School Lesson", which deals with a particular biblical text or doctrine every quarter. After a brief break, the community joins together again for a church service that follows a typical evangelical format, with a sermon as a central feature. Corporate singing, Scripture readings, prayers and an offering, including tithing (money collection), are other standard features. The instruments and forms of worship music vary greatly throughout
5809-433: Is an ongoing debate about whether transgender drag queens are actually considered "drag queens". Some argue that, because a drag queen is defined as a man portraying a woman, transgender women cannot be drag queens. Drag kings are women who assume a masculine aesthetic, but this is not always the case, because there are also biokings, bioqueens, and female queens , which are people who perform their own biological sex through
5966-558: Is as of 2016 "one of the fastest-growing and most widespread churches worldwide", with a worldwide baptized membership of over 22 million people. As of May 2007 , it was the twelfth-largest Protestant religious body in the world and the sixth-largest highly international religious body. It is ethnically and culturally diverse and maintains a missionary presence in over 215 countries and territories. The church operates over 7,500 schools including over 100 post-secondary institutions, numerous hospitals , and publishing houses worldwide,
6123-432: Is divided into 6 classes which are little lamb, early bird, sunbeam, builder and helping hand. Each class builds on the previous class. The curriculum is structured in way that will interest, challenge, and provide successful experiences for children. The curriculum is divided into 5 sections which are, Basic, My God, Myself, My Friends and My World which help children to meet the objectives of the curriculum. The objectives of
6280-444: Is from 1870. It may have been based on the term "grand rag" which was historically used for a masquerade ball . The term female impersonation refers to a type of theatrical performance where a man dresses in women's clothing for the sole purpose of entertaining an audience. The term female impersonator is sometimes used interchangeably with drag queen, although they are not the same. For example, in 1972, Esther Newton described
6437-634: Is outside of their own belief system. His next two singles/videos, " Back to My Roots " and " A Shade Shady (Now Prance) ", both went to the top spot on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart and furthered his campy persona. His following release " House of Love " failed to place on any U.S. charts but peaked at 68 on the UK Singles Chart . RuPaul was signed to a modeling contract for MAC Cosmetics . Various billboards featured him in full drag, often with
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6594-675: Is the only country in the Arab world with an increasingly visible drag scene. Drag culture has existed in Lebanon for several decades but gained popularity with the astronomical rise of Bassem Feghali , who came to prominence in the 1990s, becoming a household name for his impersonation of Lebanese female singers. Due to the global success of Rupaul's Drag Race , Beirut's drag scene has adopted various influences that blend American drag culture with local, unique cultural elements. The drag scene has grown so much that in 2019 Vogue magazine declared it
6751-481: Is used to refer to them. RuPaul has said, "You can call me he. You can call me she. You can call me Regis and Kathie Lee ; I don't care! Just so long as you call me." Drag queens are sometimes called transvestites , although that term also has many other connotations than the term drag queen and is not much favored by many drag queens themselves. The term tranny, an abbreviation of the term transvestite, has been adopted by some drag performers, notably RuPaul, and
6908-506: Is usually when administrative decisions are made. The president of the General Conference, for instance, is elected at the General Conference Session every five years. Delegates to a session are appointed by organizations at a lower level. For example, each local church appoints delegates to a conference session. Tithes collected from church members are not used directly by the local churches, but are passed upwards to
7065-875: The FBI agent Mr. X. He has been hosting a revival of the game show Lingo for CBS since 2023, as well as the Celebrity Lingo spinoff of the British version of the show on ITV . He won the Tony Award for Best Musical in 2022 as a producer of the Broadway musical A Strange Loop . He also voices himself as the announcer on The Tiny Chef Show . HarperCollins published the RuPaul memoir The House of Hidden Meanings in March 2024. The podcast RuPaul: What's
7222-499: The General Conference in 1980, with an additional belief (number 11) being added in 2005. Almost all of the 28 Fundamental Beliefs are the same as other evangelical Protestant denominations. The Adventist beliefs that evangelicals consider heterodoxy is worshiping God on Saturday , the gift of prophecy by Ellen G. White and the sanctuary doctrine. The church believes God created Earth in six days and rested on
7379-499: The Great Commission . The ordained clergy of the Adventist church are known as ministers or pastors . Ministers are neither elected nor employed by the local churches, but instead are appointed by the local Conferences, which assign them responsibility over a single church or group of churches. Ordination is a formal recognition bestowed upon pastors and elders after usually a number of years of service. In most parts of
7536-537: The San Francisco Board of Supervisors , becoming the first openly gay candidate for public office in the United States. In 1991, drag queen Terence Alan Smith, as Joan Jett Blakk , ran against Richard M. Daley for the office of mayor of Chicago, Illinois. The campaign was chronicled in the 1991 video Drag in for Votes . After qualifying for presidency on his 35th birthday, Smith announced
7693-487: The Second Great Awakening . William Miller predicted on the basis of Daniel 8:14–16 and the " day-year principle " that Jesus Christ would return to Earth between the spring of 1843 and the spring of 1844. In the summer of 1844, Millerites came to believe that Jesus would return on October 22, 1844, understood to be the biblical Day of Atonement for that year. Miller's failed prediction became known as
7850-603: The Stonewall riots , a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the LGBT community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of 28 June 1969, at the Stonewall Inn , located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City. The riots are widely considered to be the catalyst for the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for LGBT rights in
8007-473: The Trinity and the infallibility of Scripture . Distinctive eschatological teachings include the unconscious state of the dead and the doctrine of an investigative judgment . The church emphasizes diet and health, including adhering to Jewish dietary law , advocating vegetarianism , and its holistic view of human nature—i.e., that the body, soul, and spirit form one inseparable entity. The church holds
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#17328015760558164-512: The U.S. military in 1954 when 2,200 Adventists volunteered to serve as human test subjects in Operation Whitecoat , a biodefense medical research program whose stated purpose was to defend troops and civilians against biological weapons . The Adventist definition of marriage is a lawfully binding lifelong commitment between a man and a woman. The Church Manual professes the belief that marriage originated as an institution from
8321-718: The gift of prophecy . On May 21, 1863, the Seventh-day Adventist Church was officially founded in Battle Creek, Michigan . The denominational headquarters were later moved from Battle Creek to Takoma Park, Maryland , where they remained until 1989. The General Conference headquarters then moved to its current location in Silver Spring, Maryland . In the 1870s, the denomination turned to evangelism through missionary work and revivals, tripling its membership to 16,000 by 1880 and establishing
8478-694: The investigative judgment will take place in heaven before Jesus returns to earth . The church believes in the Apocalypse of John which will bring on the Second Coming of Jesus. Part of Friday might be spent in preparation for the Sabbath; for example, preparing meals and tidying homes. Adventists may gather for Friday evening worship to welcome in the Sabbath, a practice often known as vespers . The major weekly worship service occurs on Saturday, typically commencing with Sabbath School which
8635-547: The " Drag U Theme Song", and a new song, "Sexy Drag Queen". The second season of RuPaul's Drag U began in June 2011. In late 2011, promotions for season 4 of Drag Race began. RuPaul made appearances on The Rosie Show and The Chew , and also attended a Drag Race NY Premiere party at Patricia Field 's store in New York. Season 4 of RuPaul's Drag Race premiered on Logo on January 30, 2012, with RuPaul returning as
8792-407: The " Great Disappointment ". Hiram Edson and other Millerites came to believe that Miller's calculations were correct, but that his interpretation of Daniel 8:14 was flawed as he assumed Christ would come to cleanse the world. These Adventists came to the conviction that Daniel 8:14 foretold Christ's entrance into the most holy place of the heavenly sanctuary rather than his Second Coming . Over
8949-411: The "Master Guide" program (similar to Scout Master) which develops leaders for both Adventurers and Pathfinders. The Seventh-day Adventist church is governed by a form of representation which resembles the presbyterian system of church organization. Four levels of organization exist within the world church. Each organization is governed by a general "session" which occurs at certain intervals. This
9106-557: The "Queen of Drag" and is considered the most commercially successful drag queen in the United States, with Fortune saying that he is "easily the world's most famous drag queen." In 2017, RuPaul was included in the annual Time 100 list of the most influential people in the world. Born and raised in San Diego, California , RuPaul later studied performing arts in Atlanta, Georgia , before relocating to New York City, where he became
9263-489: The 1960s. In 1971, an article in Lee Brewster 's Drag Queens magazine described a drag queen as a "homosexual transvestite " who is hyperfeminine, flamboyant, and militant. Drag queens were further described as having an attitude of superiority, and commonly courted by heterosexual men who would "not ordinarily participate in homosexual relationships". While the term drag queen implied "homosexual transvestite",
9420-626: The 19th century, followed by female impersonators working in vaudeville, burlesque, and the legitimate theatre in the late 19th century and early 20th century. The Pansy Craze was a period of increased LGBT visibility in American popular culture from the late-1920s until the mid-1930s; during the " craze ," drag queens — known as "pansy performers" — experienced a surge in underground popularity, especially in New York City , Chicago , Los Angeles , and San Francisco . The exact dates of
9577-707: The Adventist Church had much to do with the common acceptance of breakfast cereals and meat alternatives into the Western diet. John Harvey Kellogg started the meat alternative movement by creating Protose at Battle Creek Sanitarium , which was later sold through mail order by Battle Creek Food Company. The Battle Creek Food Company mostly manufactured meat alternatives for the guests at Battle Creek Sanitarium. Will Keith Kellogg and John Harvey Kellogg invented corn flakes at Battle Creek Sanitarium, by putting stale wheat berry between rollers and baking it. It
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#17328015760559734-553: The Adventurer Curriculum are: to develop a Christ-like character; to experience the joy and satisfaction of doing things well; to express their love for Jesus in a natural way; to learn good sportsmanship and strengthen their ability to get along with others; to discover their God-given abilities and to learn how to use them to benefit self and serve others; to discover God's world; to improve their understanding of what makes families strong; to develop parental support for
9891-702: The Canadian film Outrageous! , starring drag queen Craig Russell , became one of the first gay-themed films to break out into mainstream theatrical release. In September 2018, the Supreme Court of India ruled that the application of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code to consensual homosexual sex between adults was unconstitutional, "irrational, indefensible and manifestly arbitrary". Since then, drag culture in India has been growing and becoming
10048-526: The Colorevolution website in various gift sets. RuPaul and Revolucian both confirmed through their Twitter and Instagram accounts that they had been working on an upcoming seventh studio album. Born Naked was released on February 24, 2014, to coincide with the premiere of the 6th season of RuPaul's Drag Race . Prior to the premiere an album of RuPaul cover songs performed by the Season 6 cast
10205-678: The Columbia Union Conference, which has its headquarters in Maryland voted 80 percent in favor of ordaining women. On August 19, 2012, the Pacific Union Conference, which has its headquarters in California voted 79 percent to 21 percent in favor of ordaining women. The world leaders of the church were disappointed with the actions of the two conferences and considered their actions not in harmony with
10362-641: The Dance Floor" which is a re-recording of the 2010 single "Main Event" from the album Champion . On June 22, 2017, it was announced that RuPaul would receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the television industry. He was awarded the honor on March 16, 2018, making him the first drag queen to be given the award. In August 2018, it was announced that RuPaul will be releasing his third Christmas album in October 2018. In June 2019,
10519-487: The LGBT community. There is a long history of folkloric and theatrical crossdressing that involves people of all orientations. Not everyone who does drag at some point in their lives is a drag queen or a drag king. The term "drag" has evolved over time. Traditional definitions of the term drag utilized a gender binary which used a sex-based definition of drag where a person would be considered "in drag" if they were wearing
10676-687: The Pursuit of Style (2010), GuRu (2018), and The House of Hidden Meanings (2024). As a recording artist, he has released fifteen studio albums . RuPaul was born in San Diego on November 17, 1960, the son of Ernestine "Toni" (née Fontenette) and Irving Andrew Charles. His parents were both from Louisiana . He was named by his mother; "Ru" came from roux , the French term for the base of gumbo and other creole stews and soups. According to DNA analysis by Finding Your Roots staff, his ancestry
10833-492: The Seventh-day Adventist Church prevented the ordination of women . They voted 1,173 against and 377 in favor. Those who supported ordaining women were from Europe and North America , while those from Africa , Asia and South America were strongly against. Five years later, it turned down a request by the North American Division that its local conferences be allowed to ordain women. On July 29, 2012,
10990-452: The Tee? With Michelle Visage debuted on April 6, 2014. Ru-Paul co-hosts with longtime friend and fellow RuPaul's Drag Race judge Michelle Visage . The weekly show features their thoughts on topics including behind-the-scenes of RuPaul's Drag Race , life advice, beauty tips, and conversations with featured guests from the entertainment world. In 2018, RuPaul was one of the actors who voiced
11147-488: The Trinitarian creed, her writings reveal a growing awareness on the "mystery of the Godhead". After continued Bible study, and after a decades-long debate, the denomination eventually concluded that Scripture explicitly teaches the belief in the existence of a triune God, and it affirmed that biblical view in the non-credal 28 Fundamental Beliefs. However, mainstream scholars are still not convinced that Ellen White
11304-487: The US Billboard Dance chart. In January 2016, it was announced RuPaul would present a new game show for Logo TV called Gay for Play Game Show Starring RuPaul which premiered on April 11, 2016, after RuPaul's Drag Race . In February 2016, he announced his tenth album, Butch Queen . It was released in March 2016, just prior to the premiere of the eighth season of RuPaul's Drag Race . A song from
11461-578: The US Billboard dance chart and 85 on the Billboard 200 chart. In a profile by The New York Times it was revealed that he is currently working on a porcelain statuette of his likeness. On April 9, 2014, RuPaul and Michelle Visage released the first episode of their podcast, RuPaul: What's the Tee? with Michelle Visage . In August, he joined the reality competition show Skin Wars acting as
11618-684: The United States . During the summer of 1976, a restaurant in Fire Island Pines , New York , denied entry to a visitor in drag named Terry Warren. When Warren's friends in Cherry Grove heard what had happened, they dressed up in drag, and, on 4 July 1976 , sailed to the Pines by water taxi . This turned into a yearly event where drag queens go to the Pines, called the Invasion of the Pines . In 1961, drag queen José Sarria ran for
11775-645: The United States. The show has also seen success internationally and there are several international variants of the show, including RuPaul's Drag Race UK (2019–present) and Canada's Drag Race (2020–present). This has also inspired several spin-offs of the main show, such as RuPaul's Drag U (2010–2012), RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars , (2012–present), and RuPaul's Secret Celebrity Drag Race (2020–2022). His other television work includes The RuPaul Show (1996–1998), Skin Wars (2014–2016), Good Work (2015), Gay for Play Game Show Starring RuPaul (2016–2017), and RuPaul (2019). In 2018, RuPaul received
11932-606: The Vote. In March 2023, in response to the Tennessee Adult Entertainment Act, RuPaul, World of Wonder producers Randy Barbarto and Fenton Bailey, and MTV began a fund to fight anti-drag initiatives. The ACLU maintains the fund, which received donations from efforts at DragCon LA 2023, the "Drag Isn't Dangerous" livestream telethon, "Can't Hold us Down", "Born This Way", and "God Save the Queens", as well as
12089-547: The album features remixes of songs from the 2009 album Champion . In April 2011, coinciding with the finale of season 3 of RuPaul's Drag Race , RuPaul released his sixth studio album Glamazon , produced by Revolucian , who previously worked with RuPaul on his album Champion . The album charted on Billboard's Dance/Electronic Albums and the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart at 11 and 8 respectively. In July 2011, he released another remix EP entitled SuperGlam DQ which features remixes of tracks from Glamazon , remixes of
12246-473: The album was a re-recording of "Supermodel (You Better Work)", which reached number 21 on the U.S. dance chart. June 20, 2007, saw the release of Starrbooty: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack in the United States. The single "Call Me Starrbooty" was digitally released in 2007. The album contains new tracks as well as interludes with dialogue from the movie. The film was released on DVD in October 2007. In mid-2008, RuPaul began producing RuPaul's Drag Race ,
12403-440: The album, "U Wear It Well" was featured in the teaser campaigns for the season and was later officially released as the first single on iTunes in February 2016. The album charted at number 3 on the US Billboard Dance chart, marking his highest position on this chart to date (2016?). "'Be Someone" featuring American singer Taylor Dayne was released as the album's second and final single. Additionally, Butch Queen: The Ru-Mixes
12560-669: The audiobook A Day in the Life of Marlon Bundo . Launched through production company World of Wonder , RuPaul's DragCon LA is an annual drag-themed convention held in Los Angeles which started in 2015, followed by RuPaul's DragCon NYC . It began in 2007 in New York City; the public is able to meet with RuPaul, former RuPaul's Drag Race contestants, and other drag queens. The conventions feature performances, meet-and-greet booths, merchandise sales and panel discussions. RuPaul has been an active supporter of voter registration, producing
12717-400: The average Californian. The research concludes that Adventists live longer because they do not smoke or drink alcohol, have a day of rest every week, and maintain a healthy, low-fat vegetarian diet that is rich in nuts and beans. The cohesiveness of Adventists' social networks has also been put forward as an explanation for their extended lifespan. Dan Buettner named Loma Linda, California
12874-583: The beginning of transgender activism in San Francisco. On 17 March 1968, in Los Angeles, to protest entrapment and harassment by the Los Angeles Police Department , two drag queens known as "The Princess" and "The Duchess" held a St. Patrick's Day party at Griffith Park , a popular cruising spot and a frequent target of police activity. More than 200 gay men socialized through the day. Drag queens were also involved in
13031-544: The belief that "God created the universe, and in a recent six-day creation made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day." Marriage is defined as a lifelong union between a man and a woman. The second coming of Christ and resurrection of the dead are among official beliefs. The world church is governed by a General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists , with smaller regions administered by divisions, unions, local conferences, and local missions. The Seventh-day Adventist Church
13188-474: The biblical story of Adam and Eve and that their union should be used as the pattern for all other marriages. Adventists hold that marriage is a divine institution established by God during the events of the Book of Genesis prior to the expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden. They believe that God celebrated the union of Adam and Eve and that the concept of marriage was one of the first gifts of God to man, and that it
13345-533: The boundaries of gender and sexuality and it became a place for the LGBT community, especially gay men, to feel accepted. As LGBT culture has slowly become more accepted in American society, drag has also become more, though not totally, acceptable in today's society. In the 1940s and 1950s, Arthur Blake was one of the few female impersonators to be successful in both gay and mainstream entertainment, becoming famous for his impersonations of Bette Davis , Carmen Miranda , and Eleanor Roosevelt in night clubs. At
13502-440: The church services and treated with the love and kindness afforded any human being. The Seventh-day Adventist Church opposes abortion , believing it can have long-term negative effects on both the individuals involved and society as a whole. In an official statement on the "Biblical View of Unborn Life", the church declared that an unborn child is considered by God to be a living individual. However, there are circumstances where
13659-537: The church. Yearly "Camporees" are held in individual Conferences, where Pathfinders from the region gather and participate in events similar to Boy Scouts' Jamborees. After a person enters 9th grade, they are eligible to join Teen Leadership Training within Pathfinders. In the 11th grade, typically after being a member of a club, they can become a Pathfinder or Adventurer staff member and begin
13816-577: The clothes of the opposite sex for the purposes of entertainment. However, with new paradigms of gender identity and the embrace of non-binary gender , newer definitions of drag have abandoned this binary framework in favor of defining drag as an art form of gender performance which is not limited to a binary framework but which must engage with and critique conceptions of gender in some fashion. This could include explorations with heightened forms of masculinity or femininity, as well as playing with other forms of gender identity. Unlike female impersonation ,
13973-587: The connotation that the drag is fake, and that the use of bioqueen exclusively for cisgender females is a misnomer since trans-feminine queens exhibit gynomorphic features. Drag queens' counterparts are drag kings : performers, usually women, who dress in exaggeratedly masculine clothing. Examples of drag kings include Landon Cider . Trans men who dress like drag kings are sometimes termed trans kings. Some drag queens may prefer to be referred to as " she " while in drag and desire to stay completely in character. Other drag performers are indifferent to which pronoun
14130-512: The dance chart. The second, " WorkOut ", peaked at number five. The third and final single from the album "People Are People" a duet with Tom Trujillo, peaked at number 10. The album itself only charted on the Top Electronic Albums chart, where it hit number nine. RuPaul later noted, "Well, betrayed might be the wrong word. 'Betrayed' alludes to an idea that there was some kind of a promise made to me, and there never was. More so, I
14287-545: The displaying of wedding bands, although banning wedding bands is not the position of the General Conference. In 1986, the North American Division permitted the wearing of wedding rings . Before that, it was a source of friction, since Adventists overseas have worn wedding rings for many decades. Conservative Adventists avoid certain recreational activities which are considered to be a negative spiritual influence, including dancing, rock music and secular theatre. However, major studies conducted from 1989 onwards found that
14444-406: The doctrines of the Sabbath, the heavenly sanctuary interpretation of Daniel 8:14, conditional immortality , and the expectation of Christ's premillennial return. Among its most prominent figures were Joseph Bates, James White , and Ellen G. White . Ellen White came to occupy a particularly central role; her many visions and spiritual leadership convinced her fellow Adventists that she possessed
14601-685: The early 1900s drag started to reappear in the media. Drag became a key element of national pantomime theatre and as time went on, drag queens appeared in other forms of theatre and in movies. Drag in South Africa emerged in the 1950s in major cities such as Johannesburg and Cape Town . It started in the form of underground pageants which created a safe space for members of the LGBTQ+ community in Apartheid South Africa, where people could be punished by law for being gay. Being gay
14758-455: The entertainment industry, particularly the gay press . In one incident, it was noted that Entertainment Weekly refused to review the album, instead asking him to make a comedic contribution to a fashion article. He likened the experience to "a black person being invited to a party, but only if they'll serve." Despite his apparent dissatisfaction with the release, Red Hot' s lead single " Looking Good, Feeling Gorgeous " peaked at number two on
14915-480: The era of vaudeville it was considered immodest for women to appear on stage. Due to that circumstance, some men became famous as "female impersonators", the most notable being Julian Eltinge . At the peak of his career he was one of the most sought after and highest paid actors in the world. Andrew Tribble was another early female impersonator who gained fame on Broadway and in Black Vaudeville . In
15072-456: The event, citing Revelation 10:6, "that there should be time no longer." As the early Adventist movement consolidated its beliefs, the question of the biblical day of rest and worship was raised. The foremost proponent of Sabbath -keeping among early Adventists was Joseph Bates . Bates was introduced to the Sabbath doctrine through a tract written by Millerite preacher Thomas M. Preble , who in turn had been influenced by Rachel Oakes Preston ,
15229-639: The first cabaret. However, drag in Thailand was actually heavily influenced by drag queens from the Philippines as the first drag show started after the owner of a gay club saw drag queens from the Philippines perform in Bangkok . Therefore, drag shows started in Thailand in the mid-1970s and have become increasingly popular over time, especially in major cities like Bangkok. In Renaissance England , women were forbidden from performing on stage, so female roles were played by men or boys. The practice continued, as
15386-527: The first time in its 11-season run, and a second consecutive win for RuPaul in the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Host for a Reality or Reality-Competition Program . In 2017, he was included in the annual Time 100 list of the most influential people in the world. In 2019, Fortune noted RuPaul as "easily the world's most famous" drag queen. RuPaul has been the subject of multiple controversies regarding his comments and actions towards
15543-437: The gay male community in the United States, but it is considered offensive to most transgender and transsexual people. Many drag performers refer to themselves as drag artists, as opposed to drag queens, as some contemporary forms of drag have become nonbinary . In Brazil, androgynous drag performers are sometimes called drag queer , as a form of gender neutrality . Among drag queens and their contacts today, there
15700-682: The gay porn industry. Later in the year he released his second album, Foxy Lady , this time on the L.A.-based Rhino Records label. The album failed to chart on the Billboard 200. However, its first single " Snapshot " went to number four on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart. It also enjoyed limited mainstream success, charting at 95 on the Billboard Hot 100, which was his second and final solo Hot 100 entry to date. The album's second single " A Little Bit of Love "
15857-467: The highest standards of Christian taste and beauty. While recognizing cultural differences, our dress is to be simple, modest, and neat, befitting those whose true beauty does not consist of outward adornment but in the imperishable ornament of a gentle and quiet spirit. Accordingly, Adventists are opposed to practices such as body piercing and tattoos and refrain from the wearing of jewelry, including such items as earrings and bracelets. Some also oppose
16014-483: The imminent Second Coming (advent) of Jesus Christ , and its annihilationist soteriology . The denomination grew out of the Millerite movement in the United States during the mid-19th century, and it was formally established in 1863. Among its co-founders was Ellen G. White , whose extensive writings are still held in high regard by the church. Much of the theology of the Seventh-day Adventist Church corresponds to common evangelical Christian teachings, such as
16171-673: The invitation of the Roosevelts, he performed his impersonation of Eleanor at the White House . He impersonated Davis and Miranda in the 1952 film Diplomatic Courier . The Cooper Donuts Riot was a May 1959 incident in Los Angeles in which drag queens, lesbians, transgender women, and gay men rioted; it was one of the first LGBT protests in the United States. The Compton's Cafeteria riot , which involved drag queens and others, occurred in San Francisco in 1966. It marked
16328-705: The late 1990s and was hired at WNEW in 2004. In 1993, RuPaul recorded the dance/ house album Supermodel of the World . It was released through the rap label Tommy Boy , spawning the dance track hit " Supermodel (You Better Work) ". The song peaked at 45 on the Billboard Hot 100 . It charted on the UK Singles Chart , peaking on the top 40 at 39. The song found the most success on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart, where it peaked at 2. Radio airplay, heavy rotation of
16485-405: The local conferences which then distribute the finances toward various ministry needs. Employees are compensated "on the basis of the church remuneration policy and practice in effect in the location or country in which they reside". The Church Manual gives provisions for each level of government to create educational, healthcare, publishing, and other institutions that are seen within the call of
16642-406: The main host and judge. After season 4 ended TV.com declared it was the best reality TV show on television. In the fall of 2012, the spin-off RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars premiered after a large fan demand. The show featured past contestants of the previous four seasons to compete. Season 5 of RuPaul's Drag Race premiered on January 28, 2013, with a 90-minute special and RuPaul returning as
16799-477: The main host and judge. On April 30, 2013, he released a single "Lick It Lollipop" featuring Lady Bunny , who RuPaul previously collaborated with on Champion . On October 25, 2013, he reported via Twitter that the new album would be released in January 2014. In fall of 2013, RuPaul joined forces with cosmetic manufacturers Colorevolution to launch his debut make-up line featuring ultra-rich pigment cosmetics and
16956-583: The mainstream art culture. The hotel chain of Lalit Groups spaced a franchise of clubs where drag performances are hosted in major cities of India such as Mumbai , Delhi , and Bangalore . Maya the Drag Queen , Rani Kohinoor ( Sushant Divgikar ), Lush Monsoon, Betta Naan Stop , Tropical Marca, Zeeshan Ali, and Patruni Sastry are some examples of Indian drag artists. In 2018, Hyderabad had its first drag convention. In 2020, India's first drag specific magazine Dragvanti began publication. Lebanon
17113-456: The mid-1900s, pantomime, and the use of pantomime dames, had declined, although it remains a popular Christmas tradition. The role of the dame, however, evolved to become more about the individual performer. Many female impersonators built up their own fan bases, and began performing outside of their traditional pantomime roles. Drag performance in the United States had its roots in the female impersonations of performers in minstrel shows of
17270-586: The most commercially successful drag queen in America." Sami Main of Adweek credited him with creating wider exposure for drag queens from LGBT culture into mainstream society, thanks to his early-career chart success, and later, the successive climb in viewership of RuPaul's Drag Race . His talk show The RuPaul Show was the first-ever national talk show to have a drag queen as a host. Along with his partner Michelle Visage, he welcomed an array of high-profile guests such as Cher , Lil Kim , and Diana Ross over
17427-774: The mother's life is at risk and Seventh-day Adventist hospitals will perform emergency abortions. Adventists encourage sexual abstinence for both men and women before marriage. The church disapproves of extra-marital cohabitation . Adventists oppose homosexual activities and relationships, citing the belief that scripture makes no accommodation for homosexuality. The Adventist church has released official statements in relation to other ethical issues such as euthanasia (against active euthanasia but permissive of passive withdrawal of medical support to allow death to occur), birth control (in favor of it for married couples if used correctly, but against abortion as birth control and premarital sex in any case) and human cloning (against it if
17584-584: The movement are debated, with a range from the late 1920s until 1935. The term "pansy craze" was first coined by the historian George Chauncey in his 1994 book Gay New York . The first person known to describe himself as "the queen of drag" was William Dorsey Swann , born enslaved in Hancock, Maryland , who in the 1880s started hosting drag balls in Washington, DC attended by other men who were formerly enslaved. The balls were often raided by
17741-427: The music video on MTV , and television appearances on popular programs like The Arsenio Hall Show popularized the song. What other people think of me is not my business. What I do is what I do. How people see me doesn't change what I decide to do. I don't choose projects so people don't see me as one thing or another. I choose projects that excite me. I think the problem is that people refuse to understand what drag
17898-469: The next few decades this understanding of a sanctuary in heaven developed into the doctrine of the investigative judgment , an eschatological process that commenced in 1844, in which every person would be judged to verify their eligibility for salvation and God's justice will be confirmed before the universe. This group of Adventists continued to believe that Christ's second coming would continue to be imminent, however they resisted setting further dates for
18055-555: The one-act science-fiction parody "My Pet Homo", written and directed by Jon Michael Johnson for Cooper Square Productions. He performed for many years at the annual Wigstock drag festival and appeared in the documentary Wigstock: The Movie . In the 1990s, RuPaul appeared on the UK Channel 4 series Manhattan Cable , a weekly series produced by World of Wonder and presented by American Laurie Pike about New York's public-access television system. He also worked at WKTU in
18212-460: The only screening criteria for contestants were "charisma, uniqueness, nerve, and talent." Since he made these statements, multiple transgender contestants have competed on the show. Drag queen A drag queen is a person, usually male, who uses drag clothing and makeup to imitate and often exaggerate female gender signifiers and gender roles for entertainment purposes. Historically, drag queens have usually been gay men , and have been
18369-858: The ordinance on each other and families are often encouraged to participate together. After its completion, participants return to the main sanctuary for consumption of the Lord's Supper , which consists of unleavened bread and unfermented grape juice. Since the Seventh-day Adventist Church began in the 1860s, it has advocated its members to eat a vegetarian diet, particularly the consumption of kosher foods described in Leviticus 11 , meaning abstinence from pork , rabbit , shellfish , and other animals proscribed as " unclean ". The church discourages its members from consuming alcoholic beverages , tobacco and illegal drugs . In addition, some Adventists avoid processed foods and caffeine . The pioneers of
18526-504: The participants were non-smokers and 93.4% abstained from drinking alcohol . Those who were vegetarian had a much lower risk of obesity , hypertension , and hyperglycemia . Adventists who were vegetarian had a lower risk of breast cancer , colorectal cancer , coronary heart disease , lung cancer and prostate cancer , compared to non-vegetarians. Those who were vegan had a lower body mass index , compared to vegetarians and meat eaters. Adventists' clean lifestyles were recognized by
18683-491: The performers were in fact cisgender heterosexual men and women, but others were closeted LGBTQI individuals due to the politics and social environment of the period. It was criminal in many American cities to be homosexual, or for LGBTQI people to congregate, and it was therefore necessary for female and male impersonators to distance themselves from identifying as queer publicly in order to avoid criminal charges and loss of career. The need to hide and dissociate from queer identity
18840-802: The police, as documented in the newspapers. In 1896, Swann was convicted and sentenced to 10 months in jail on the false charge of "keeping a disorderly house" (a euphemism for running a brothel ). He requested a pardon from President Grover Cleveland , but was denied. In the early to mid-1900s, female impersonation had become tied to the LGBT community and thus criminality, so it had to change forms and locations. It moved from being popular mainstream entertainment to something done only at night in disreputable areas, such as San Francisco's Tenderloin . Here female impersonation started to evolve into what we today know as drag and drag queens. Drag queens such as José Sarria first came to prominence in these clubs. People went to these nightclubs to play with
18997-490: The producers issued a statement promising "to help spread love, acceptance and understanding" and Logo TV removed the "You've got she-mail" phrase from subsequent broadcasts, replacing it instead with the phrase "She done already done had herses." RuPaul criticized those attempting to police his language in bad faith and noted that tranny referred to transvestites and drag queens, not just trans women. In 2018, RuPaul gave an interview to The Guardian in which he stated that
19154-456: The rights to manufacture and market Battle Creek Foods Company products after John Harvey Kellogg died. In 1975, it released its frozen soy-based meatless foods nationwide. In both Australia and New Zealand, Sanitarium Health and Wellbeing Company owned by the church manufactures such brands as So Good , Up & Go and Weet-Bix . The Adventist Health Studies indicate that the average Adventist in California lives 4 to 10 years longer than
19311-419: The same day, the ninth regular season of RuPaul's Drag Race debuted on basic cable channel VH1, home of RuPaul's talk show in the 1990s. It moved from the expanded cable channel Logo TV which aired all previous seasons of the show. The season 9 premiere featured singer Lady Gaga as its guest judge and was a success, with ratings of nearly 1,000,000 viewers making it the series' most viewed episode. The number
19468-476: The seventh day, Saturday. The Seventh-day Adventist Church believes in baptizing new members by immersion . It believes the Bible to be the most important book . They believe when humans die, that they remain asleep until they are brought back to life . Eternal life is given to people who accept Jesus as their Savior . The church believes that one receives salvation through only Jesus. It believes that
19625-516: The show frequently. He also took part in underground cinema , helping create the low-budget film Star Booty and an album of the same name. In Atlanta he often performed at the Celebrity Club, managed by Larry Tee , as a bar dancer or with his band, Wee Wee Pole. RuPaul also performed as a backup singer to Glen Meadmore along with drag queen Vaginal Davis . His first prominent national exposure came in 1989, when he danced as an extra in
19782-570: The show's 100-episode span. As well as having a variety of comedy skits , the show was noted for discussing topics such as black empowerment, female empowerment , misogyny , and liberal politics that were otherwise unheard of in 1990s television at the time. In 1999, RuPaul was awarded the Vito Russo Award at the GLAAD Media Awards for work in promoting equality in the LGBT community . RuPaul has also been noted as having
19939-433: The show's use of words such as tranny and shemale , including the main challenge announcement phrase up to season 6, "You've got she-mail", which they described as transphobic . That year's season also included a "Female or She-male" segment that required contestants to guess whether various photographs featured cisgender "biological women" or "psychological women" (drag queens), causing further criticism. RuPaul and
20096-811: The show, including Sonique , Carmen Carrera , Jiggly Caliente , Monica Beverly Hillz , Kenya Michaels , and Gia Gunn . Later seasons of the show have included contestants who had already disclosed their trans identity prior to their season beginning. In 2017, Peppermint became the first contestant to compete throughout her season as an openly trans woman and in 2021 Gottmik was the first to compete as an openly trans man . Other non-conforming gender identities expressed by former contestants include both non-binary ( Jinkx Monsoon , Aja , Valentina , Divina de Campo , Ginny Lemon , Violet Chachki , and Sasha Velour ) and genderfluid ( Courtney Act and Kelly Mantle ) persons. In 2014, trans activists and former contestants Carmen Carrera and Monica Beverly Hillz criticized
20253-528: The technology could result in defective births or abortions). Adventists have traditionally held socially conservative attitudes regarding dress and entertainment. These attitudes are reflected in one of the church's fundamental beliefs: For the Spirit to recreate in us the character of our Lord we involve ourselves only in those things which will produce Christlike purity, health, and joy in our lives. This means that our amusement and entertainment should meet
20410-431: The term drag carried no such connotations. In the 1970s, drag queen was continually defined as a "homosexual transvestite". Drag was parsed as changing one's clothes to those of a different sex, while queen was said to refer to a homosexual man. For much of history, drag queens were men, but in more modern times, cisgender and trans women , as well as non-binary people, also perform as drag queens. In
20567-580: The term drag is closely associated with queer identity . This close association between the term drag and the LGBTQ community began in the United States in the 1920s with the Pansy Craze when the first gay bars in America were established by the mafia during the Prohibition Era and drag entertainers became a popular form of entertainment at these underground gay speakeasies . Before this point,
20724-417: The term drag was not necessarily associated with gay culture, but after this point forward drag became "inextricably tied to the queer community". Traditionally, drag involves cross-dressing and transforming ones sex through the use of makeup and other costume devices. However, under newer conceptions of drag, conceivably performing an exaggerated and heightened form of one's own gender could be considered
20881-401: The term was also layered with transphobic subtext and the term drag queen was again meant to protect the professional female impersonator by allowing them to dissociate themselves from both aspects of queer culture and from sex workers in order to maintain respectability among the predominantly heteronormative audiences who employed them. This understanding of the term drag queen persisted through
21038-549: The text "I am the MAC girl". He also released his autobiography, Lettin' It All Hang Out . He promoted the book in part with a 1995 guest appearance on ABC 's All My Children , in a storyline that put it on the set of Erica Kane 's talk show "The Cutting Edge". The same year, he was featured in his first of two appearances in the Brady Bunch movies , in which he played Jan's female guidance counselor. The next year he landed
21195-644: The title role, opened at Steppenwolf Theater in Chicago. Seventh-day Adventist Divisions Christianity • Protestantism The Seventh-day Adventist Church ( SDA ) is an Adventist Protestant Christian denomination which is distinguished by its observance of Saturday , the seventh day of the week in the Christian (Gregorian) and the Hebrew calendar , as the Sabbath , its emphasis on
21352-562: The training of children. The club engages in witnessing, community work so as to share the love of Jesus. Pathfinders is a club for 5th to 10th grade (up to 12th in the Florida Conference) boys and girls. It is similar to and based partly on the Scouting movement. Pathfinders exposes young people to such activities as camping, community service, personal mentorship, and skills-based education, and trains them for leadership in
21509-421: The transgender community. According to Vox , he has a complicated relationship with this community, in part due to differing philosophies: through drag he seeks to mock gender and identity stereotypes, while in his view the trans community takes identity seriously. Nevertheless, RuPaul's Drag Race has featured a number of contestants who are trans women , some of whom made their identity public while competing on
21666-411: The twentieth century some gender impersonators, both female and male, in the United States became highly successful performing artists in non-LGBTQ nightclubs and theaters. There was a concerted effort by these working female and male impersonators in America, to separate the art of gender impersonation from queer identity with an overt representation of working gender impersonators as heterosexual. Some of
21823-524: The video for The B-52s ' " Love Shack ". In the early 1990s, RuPaul worked the Georgia club scene and was known by his full birth name. Initially participating in gender bender -style performances, he performed solo and in collaboration with other bands at several New York City nightclubs, most notably the Pyramid Club . He played opposite New York City drag performer Mona Foot (Nashom Benjamin) in
21980-404: The vote of a local church business meeting or elected committees. Elders serve a mainly administrative and pastoral role, but must also be capable of providing religious leadership (particularly in the absence of an ordained minister). The role of deacons is to assist in the smooth functioning of a local church and to maintain church property. In 1990, at their General Conference Session leaders of
22137-726: The world church. In 2012, there were 320 women pastors in the church, while in North America there are 120 women pastors and 4,100 male pastors. In 2013, the Southeastern California Conference voted for the first time a woman as president. In July 8, 2015, leaders who represented the Seventh-day Adventist Church voted at their General Conference Session in San Antonio, Texas , against the ordination of women becoming pastors. They voted 1,381 against and 977 in favor. Western Adventists who are against
22294-430: The world, women may not be given the title "ordained", although some are employed in ministry, and may be "commissioned" or "ordained-commissioned". However, beginning in 2012, some unions adopted policies of allowing member conferences to ordain without regard to gender. A number of lay offices exist within the local church, including the ordained positions of elder and deacon . Elders and deacons are appointed by
22451-551: The world; the church's budget was $ 29 million and the number of students who were enrolled in the church's schools was 140,000. The church first published its beliefs and doctrines in Battle Creek, Michigan in 1872, as a brief statement which was titled "A Synopsis of Our Faith". The church experienced challenges as it formed its core beliefs and doctrines, especially as a number of the early Adventist leaders came from churches that held to some form of Arianism (Ellen G. White
22608-644: The worldwide church. Adventist churches usually practice open communion four times a year. It commences with a foot washing ceremony, known as the "Ordinance of Humility", based on the Gospel account of John 13 . The Ordinance of Humility is meant to emulate Christ's washing of his disciples' feet at the Last Supper and to remind participants of the need to humbly serve one another. Participants segregate by gender to separate rooms to conduct this ritual, although some congregations allow married couples to perform
22765-467: Was a Nicene Trinitarian. In her writing, she mentions a ceremony in heaven where Jesus was recognized in front of the heavenly host, to be equal with the Father, which Satan disapproved of (as explained in her book Spirit of Prophecy Vol. 1 ). The official teachings of the Seventh-day Adventist denomination are expressed in its 28 Fundamental Beliefs. This statement of beliefs was originally adopted by
22922-565: Was disappointed. I don't feel like it was a betrayal. Nobody promises anything in show business and you understand that from day one. But, I don't know what happened. It seemed I couldn't get press on my album unless I was willing to play into the role that the mainstream press has assigned to gay people, which is as servants of straight ideals." On June 13, 2006, RuPaul released ReWorked , his first remix album and fifth album overall. It features reworked versions of songs from his back catalog, as well as new recordings. The only single released from
23079-402: Was double LogoTV's season 8 premiere ratings from the year prior, and triple VH1's usual Friday night viewership in that programming timeslot. World of Wonder Productions announced they were casting contestants for a tenth season when the ratings were released. On June 2, 2017, Essential, Vol. 2 was put up on pre-order on iTunes. It was released on June 9 and preceded by the single "Crying on
23236-565: Was included on the 1998 compilation CD RuPaul's Go Go Box Classics . During this time, he appeared in Webex TV commercials and magazine ads. In 2002, he was featured on the Eurodance track "You're No Lady" alongside Brigitte Nielsen . In 2004, RuPaul released his fourth album, Red Hot on his own RuCo Inc. music label. It received dance radio and club play, but very little press coverage. On his blog he discussed how he felt betrayed by
23393-713: Was later served to the sanitarium guests. The Kellogg brothers also invented bran flakes and Rice Krispies . Later in 1906, Will Keith Kellogg founded the Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company in Battle Creek, Michigan. Special Foods founded in Worthington, Ohio , in 1939, manufactured nut meat substitutes. After World War II, it changed its name to Worthington Foods. Worthington Foods introduced two canned meat alternatives in 1949: Soyloin Steaks and Meatless Wieners. In 1960, it bought
23550-557: Was not as successful, peaking at 28 on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart. During this time, RuPaul helped launch the return of WKTU radio in New York City and would serve as host of its morning show until 1998. In 1997, he released his third album, the Christmas-themed Ho Ho Ho . That year, RuPaul teamed with Martha Wash to remake the classic disco anthem, " It's Raining Men ". The song
23707-568: Was not legalized in South Africa until 1998, so pageants, such as the famous Miss Gay Western Cape, did not become official until the late 1990s. Discrimination against drag is widespread in South Africa, and drag queens face the threat of violence by being openly gay. Furthermore, there is not language to explore queerness in Xhosa , one of the indigenous languages of South Africa. After homosexual acts were decriminalized in Thailand in 1956, gay clubs and other queer spaces began opening which lead to
23864-434: Was not one of them). This, along with some of the movement's other theological views, led conservative evangelical Protestants to regard it as a cult . According to Adventist scholars, the teachings and writings of White ultimately proved influential in shifting the church from largely semi- Arian roots towards Trinitarianism . Adventists, for the most part, credit her with bringing the Seventh-day Adventist church into
24021-559: Was prevalent among gender impersonators working in non-LGBTQ nightclubs before heteronormative audiences as late as the 1970s. Female impersonation has been and continues to be illegal in some places, which inspired the drag queen José Sarria to hand out labels to his friends reading, "I am a boy", so they could not be accused of female impersonation. American drag queen RuPaul once said, "I do not impersonate females! How many women do you know who wear seven-inch heels, four-foot wigs, and skintight dresses?" He also said, "I don't dress like
24178-562: Was released on January 28, 2014. The covers album is titled RuPaul Presents The CoverGurlz and contains RuPaul songs from 2009 to 2013. To further promote the Drag Race season premiere, RuPaul, representing Logo TV (and parent company Viacom ) was chosen to ring the NASDAQ closing bell on February 24, 2014. The week of its release, Born Naked reached number one on the iTunes dance album chart. The following week it placed at number 4 on
24335-849: Was released on the Starrbooty soundtrack in 2007, and an updated version of RuPaul's 1996 hit single "Snapshot" from the album Foxy Lady . The album failed to chart on the Dance Albums Chart but managed to debut at number four on the Billboard Dance Albums Sales Chart in the United States. It also charted at number eleven on the UK Dance Albums Chart, becoming RuPaul's highest-charting album on that chart, after Realness managed to debut and peak at number 13. On March 24, 2017, RuPaul released his eleventh studio album, American . Later on
24492-647: Was released. In July 2016, it was announced that RuPaul was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Host for a Reality or Reality-Competition Program . He was presented the award at the September Creative Arts Emmy Awards Ceremony . 2016 also saw the release of the single "Read U Wrote U" that features rap parts by the RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars 2 finalists Roxxxy Andrews , Katya Zamolodchikova , Alaska Thunderfuck , and Detox Icunt with production by Ellis Miah . On January 27, 2017, RuPaul announced that
24649-516: Was renewed for a second season which was released in 2021. RuPaul also created and starred in the Netflix drama-comedy show AJ and the Queen as a drag queen touring the country with an unlikely young sidekick, which was released on January 10, 2020. On March 6, 2020, Netflix announced that the series had been cancelled. Also in January 2020, it was announced that RuPaul would host Saturday Night Live on February 8, 2020, with Justin Bieber as
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