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40-482: The Atfalati band of the Kalapuya people, who were the first inhabitants of the area, hunted and gathered in the area including hunting waterfowl and digging up camas roots. Then when European pioneers settled the area beginning in the 1830s farms were established in the area, with the wetlands area usually not being used due to the annual flooding . However, bridges were built across the river and steamboats plied

80-501: A grant from Intel, the Nature Center hosts a Capricorn™ Weather Station with meteorological data available to the public via Weather Underground and widgets on their website. Jackson Bottom also conducts many education programs in cooperation with local schools, operates summer camp programs, and has a teacher education program. These are all designed to increase knowledge about wetlands, water resources, and preservation of

120-714: A sidewalk chalk art festival in September, which started in 1990 Sidewalk Chalk Art Festival and a holiday light parade, held on main street the first Saturday of December. Valley Arts Association is in downtown Forest Grove. Established in 1966, it is one of the oldest nonprofit, volunteer-run art associations in the Pacific Northwest. The organization has a gallery downtown with member art for sale, and has classes in pottery, painting, mixed media, drawing and bookmaking The historic Star Theatre in Forest Grove

160-615: A small farm town, it is now primarily a commuter town in the Portland metro area . Settled in the 1840s, the town was platted in 1850, then incorporated in 1872, making it the first city in Washington County . The population was 21,083 at the 2010 census, an increase of 19.1% over the 2000 figure (17,708). Located in the Tualatin Valley , Oregon routes 8 , and 47 pass through Forest Grove with 47 and 8 signed as

200-537: Is an intact bald eagle nest. This 7-by-11-foot (2.1 by 3.4 m), 1,500 pound nest is believed to be the only intact nest on display in the United States. The nest was built in 2001 by an eagle family along the Tualatin River and removed in 2005 when the tree it was built on began falling down. Inside the nest are the remains of the animals the eagles dined on including fish and other birds. With

240-551: Is headquartered in Forest Grove. Forest Grove is located on the western edge of the Portland metropolitan area and the Willamette Valley . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 5.88 square miles (15.23 km ), of which 5.74 square miles (14.87 km ) is land and 0.14 square miles (0.36 km ) is water. One of the largest Giant Sequoia trees of

280-576: Is now Forest Grove in the fall. Intending to be missionaries, they found little potential as most of the natives had succumbed to European diseases. Smith served as the community's first postmaster beginning on February 1, 1850, and his log cabin served as the post office. According to Oregon Geographic Names , the name Forest Grove was selected on January 10, 1851, at a meeting of the trustees of Tualatin Academy (later known as Pacific University). Resident and school trustee J. Quinn Thornton suggested

320-782: The 1870 census showed 60 members living at the Grand Ronde reservation and the 1910 Census showed only 44; a 1914 Smithsonian Institution publication listed a single survivor living on the Yakima Reservation in Washington. The degree to which the Atfalati assimilated with whites over time is not known. Forest Grove, Oregon Forest Grove is a city in Washington County, Oregon , United States, 25 miles (40 km) west of Portland . Originally

360-820: The Forest Grove School District . Forest Grove is within the TriMet district , and public transit service is provided by TriMet's bus line 57-TV Highway/Forest Grove, which operates seven days a week. Line 57 connects the city with Hillsboro and Beaverton , via the Tualatin Valley Highway , and links Forest Grove with the Portland region 's light rail system (MAX) in Hillsboro. Yamhill County Transit Area (YCTA) bus line 33-Hillsboro/MAX also stops in Forest Grove weekdays, at

400-768: The Forest Grove Sound was heard by several residents of the town. There are 12 properties individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places and two historic districts: the 18-block Clark Historic District with homes dating as far back as 1854 (and several dozen pre-1900) and the Painter's Woods Historic District . These include the Alvin T. Smith House , First Church of Christ, Scientist , and Old College Hall . The Oregon Army National Guard 's 2nd Battalion-218th Field Artillery Regiment

440-632: The Red Electric . A company called the Forest Grove Transportation Company operated local streetcar service that linked downtown to Carnation, Oregon , where the Oregon & California Railroad built its depot, but the service lasted only from 1906 to 1911. The Red Electric passenger service to Forest Grove ended in 1929 and Oregon Electric's ceased in 1932. In February 2016, a high-pitched, hissing noise called

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480-497: The Tualatin Valley Highway south and east of the main part of the city, respectively, Oregon Route 8 signed as Gales Creek Road west of the city, and Oregon Route 47 signed as the Nehalem Highway north of the city. Pacific University has been the most distinctive aspect of the town throughout its history. Old College Hall on campus is listed on the National Register of Historic Places along with nine other structures in

520-532: The north fork of the Yamhill River , and into areas of Southern Portland . The Atfalati speak the Tualatin-Yamhill (Northern Kalapuya) language, which is one of the three Kalapuyan languages . Atfalati people ranged around the valley, engaged in a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Primary food stuffs included deer, camas root, fish, berries, elk, and various nuts. To encourage the growth of

560-503: The 1840s. As with the other Kalapuyan peoples, the arrival of Euro-Americans led to dramatic social disruptions. By the 1830s the Atfalati had already begun to adopt Euro-American clothing styles. In the 1830s, diseases had decimated Native populations in the Pacific Northwest , including the Atfalati. The tribe had already experienced population decreased from smallpox epidemics in 1782 and 1783. These upheavals diminished

600-478: The Atfalati's ability to challenge white encroachment. It is estimated that the band was reduced to a population of around 600 in 1842, and had shrunk to only 60 in 1848. By the 1850s, white settlers were rapidly populating the Willamette Valley , and the United States government (represented by Anson Dart , superintendent for Indian affairs in the Oregon Territory ) negotiated treaties in 1851 with

640-540: The Kalapuyans, including the Atfalati. Under the terms of a treaty of April 19, 1851, the Atfalatis ceded their lands in return for a small reservation at Wapato Lake as well as "money, clothing, blankets, tools, a few rifles, and a horse for each of their headmen--Kiacut, La Medicine, and Knolah." At the time of the treaty, there were 65 Atfalatis. The treaty resulted in the loss of much of the Atfalati's lands, but

680-533: The Wetlands Education Center opened at Jackson Bottom. The 12,000-square-foot (1,100 m) building is used to educate visitors of the wetlands and includes an exterior 3,000-square-foot (300 m) deck that wraps around the structure. This building houses a classroom , nature store, and exhibits . In January 2007 the Nature center received a new natural exhibit piece. Inside the building

720-405: The average family size was 3.24. In the city the population was spread out, with 27.4% under the age of 18, 13.4% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.6 males. The median income for a household in the city

760-464: The camas plant and maintain habitat beneficial to deer and elk, the group burned the valley floor to discourage the growth of forests, a common practice among the Kalapuya. Before Euro-American contact, the Atfalati were known for wearing adornment such a red feathers on the head. Both men and women had pierced earlobes and noses , hanging long beads and bright dentalia from them. Compared to

800-476: The city was 68.1% White , 0.1% African American , 1.2% Native American , 2.7% Asian , 0.3% Pacific Islander , 13.5% from other races , and 12.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 27.2% of the population. 14.3% of residents identified as someone with a disability. There were 9,356 housing units, of which 23.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, and 36% were married couples living together. The average family size

840-443: The city. Forest Grove's sister city is: In the 1990s, filming for the television show, Nowhere Man , took place in Forest Grove numerous times. In 2015, an episode of The Librarians was filmed at Pacific University and two other sites in Forest Grove. The city's historic Forest Theater hosted a free public screening of the episode at the same time it aired on TV . The 2019 series Pretty Little Liars: The Perfectionists

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880-710: The city. Prior to the 1840s when Euro-Americans settled the area, the Atfalati band of the Kalapuya Native American tribe lived on the Tualatin Plains in what is now Forest Grove. In 1841, Alvin T. and Abigail Smith were among the earliest to use the Oregon Trail and settled on what was first known as West Tualatin Plain. They overwintered with Henry Harmon Spalding , arriving in what

920-417: The city. The population density was 3,850.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,486.7/km ). There were 6,702 housing units at an average density of 1,457.3 per square mile (562.7/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 81.46% White, 0.43% African American, 0.89% Native American, 2.11% Asian, 0.24% Pacific Islander, 11.39% from other races, and 3.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.31% of

960-405: The intersection of Pacific Avenue & Highway 47 (Quince Street), and runs from Hillsboro to Gaston , Cove Orchard, Yamhill , Carlton & McMinnville via Highway 47, where riders can transfer to other YCTA buses running throughout Yamhill County . Forest Grove also has a free, non-profit bus service provided by Ride Connection called "GroveLink," which goes through the suburban areas of

1000-405: The name, which he also had used for the name of his homestead. The name referred to a grove of oak trees that still stand on what is now the campus of the university. Previous post offices in the area were called Tuality Plains and Tualatin, with Forest Grove adopted on December 31, 1858. The city was platted in 1850. In 1860, the population reached 430, but declined to 396 in 1870. Forest Grove

1040-559: The natural environment. Atfalati The Atfalati IPA: [aˈtɸalati] , also known as the Tualatin or Wapato Lake Indians are a tribe of the Kalapuya Native Americans who originally inhabited and continue to steward some 24 villages on the Tualatin Plains in the northwest part of the U.S. state of Oregon ; the Atfalati also live in the hills around Forest Grove , along Wapato Lake and

1080-495: The peoples to the south, the Atfalati practiced a more severe form of infant head flattening , and compared to the peoples to the east of the Cascade Mountains raised fewer horses. The Atfalati kept slaves , who could sometimes purchase their freedom with horses. The Atfalati lived in rectangular multi-family houses. Euro-Americans began arriving in the Atfalati's homeland in the early 19th century, and settlers in

1120-407: The population. There are 6,336 households, out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and

1160-443: The population. There were 7,385 households, of which 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.0% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

1200-947: The river bank, a forested wetland area, ponds , marshes, meadows , slough areas, and a forest section of mixed deciduous and conifer trees. Jackson Bottom is home to a diverse group of plant and animal species. Animals that call the wetlands home include beavers , minks, nutria , ducks, blue and green herons, warblers, frogs, owls, red-tailed hawks, woodpeckers, opossums, deer , raccoons, newts, sparrows, finch, coyotes, and many other small rodents, birds, and reptiles. Migratory waterfowl include northern pintails, canvasbacks, blue-winged teal, green-winged teal, dusky Canada geese, and tundra swans. Plant life there includes dogwood trees, Douglas fir, white oak, cocklebur, Columbia River sedge, red willow, Oregon ash, and other grass and tree species. Human oriented features of Jackson Bottom include hiking trails, an education center, environmental monitoring and research, and bird watching. On September 27, 2003,

1240-481: The river before the railroads came to the valley. In 1910 the city of Hillsboro began using the Jackson Bottom area for water waste disposal. By the 1930s farmers in the community protested the water pollution that resulted from waste dumping into the river. Then in 1939 the city purchased part of the area and began using it as a sewer farm that produced a variety of produce and the city made some money off

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1280-560: The state of Oregon can be found in Forest Grove. This region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F (22.0 °C). According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Forest Grove has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate , abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps. As of the census of 2020, there were 26,225 people, 9,356 housing units, and 9,103 families residing in Forest Grove. The racial makeup of

1320-602: The terms of the treaty, the indigenous peoples of the Willamette Valley agreed to remove to a reservation to be designated by the federal government. The government later designated the Grand Ronde reservation in the western part of the Willamette Valley at the foothills of the Oregon Coast Range as the permanent reservation for a variety of tribes. Following this, the Atfalati tribe declined;

1360-749: The venture. By the 1970s the city had acquired most of the land in that area, stopped using the farm, and let the area become grassland . Next, in 1980 the Jackson Bottom Coordinated Resource Management Plan was developed and the area was transformed into a wetlands area. In 1999, the wetlands received a National Wetlands Award for Education and Outreach from the Environmental Law Institute . Cougar sightings in June 2014 closed trails on several occasions. This area contains forest areas along

1400-408: Was $ 40,135, and the median income for a family was $ 47,733. Males had a median income of $ 36,139 versus $ 25,703 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 16,992. About 10.4% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 16.2% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over. Each year Forest Grove hosts a variety of events and festivals, including

1440-439: Was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.31. The median age in the city was 32.7 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 13.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.6% were from 25 to 44; 22.2% were from 45 to 64; and 12.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.0% male and 52.0% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 17,708 people, 6,336 households, and 4,131 families residing in

1480-525: Was 3.41. As of the census of 2010, there were 21,083 people, 7,385 households, and 4,871 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,673.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,418.2/km ). There were 7,845 housing units at an average density of 1,366.7 per square mile (527.7/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 78.8% White, 0.8% African American, 1.1% Native American, 2.6% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 12.5% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.1% of

1520-518: Was built in 1912 and featured both films and live productions. In 1969, the community theatre company Theatre in the Grove was founded and its volunteers present live productions there. The principal landmark of Forest Grove is Pacific University , a private school of higher education. Its significant buildings include Old College Hall and Marsh Hall . Forest Grove, as well as Gales Creek , Dilley , and portions of Cornelius , are all part of

1560-781: Was incorporated by the state in 1872, the first in the county. In 1880, the now Chemawa Indian School opened in the city to forcibly assimilate Native American children, but moved to Salem in 1884. The city started the Fire Department in 1894. The population reached nearly 1,300 in 1900. In November 1908, the Oregon Electric Railway (OE) began serving the city, and in January 1914, competitor Southern Pacific (SP) followed suit, opening its own line, separate from OE's. Both railroads provided freight and passenger service, SP's passenger service being known as

1600-670: Was preferable to removal east of the Cascade Mountains, which the government initially had demanded. This treaty, however, was never ratified. Under continuing pressure, the government and Kalapuya renegotiated a treaty with Joel Palmer , Dart's successor. This treaty, the Treaty with the Kalapuya, etc. (also known as the Willamette Valley Treaty or Dayton Treaty) was signed January 4, 1855, and ratified by Congress , on March 3, 1855 (10 Stat. 1143). Under

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