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40-564: The West Irian Liberation Monument is located in the center of Lapangan Banteng , facing west towards the St. Ursula Catholic School across the road from the park. The park itself was formerly known as the Waterlooplein , a parade ground of the colonial administration . On top of the monument, visible as a 36-meter high pedestal, stands a bronze, bare chested wild-haired man breaking free from his shackles with his arms and legs widely spread,

80-656: A 20 metres (66 ft) tall pedestal in postwar modernist style. The 36 metres (118 ft) high tugu (statue and pedestal) was erected at the center of Lapangan Banteng. The bronze statue was sculpted by Team Pematung Keluarga Area Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta Area Family of Sculptors Team) which was led by Edhi Sunarso . Edhi Sunarso also executed the Selamat Datang Monument and the Dirgantara Monument in Jakarta. Friedrich Silaban acted as

120-581: A comprehensive road network with a primary route connecting Elmina and Kumasi in Ashanti . The Dutch government granted him considerable autonomy and a substantial budget to execute his plans. Simultaneously, Daendels viewed his governorship as an opportunity to establish a personal monopoly on business in the Dutch Gold Coast . In 1817, the British accused Daendels of supporting and facilitating

160-741: A death sentence resulting from the Patriots' defeat. During this time, he closely observed the French Revolution unfolding. In 1794, Daendels returned to the Netherlands as a general in the French revolutionary army, serving under General Charles Pichegru and commanding the Batavian Legion . He actively supported the elevation of unitarian politician Pieter Vreede to power through a coup d'état on 25 January 1798. This move

200-511: A more forceful stance, later escalating into military operations such as Operation Trikora . After the New York Agreement in 1962, the Netherlands agreed to hand over the territory to Indonesia. The statue was officially commemorated on 17 August 1963, at the 18th independence day of the country and a year after it began construction. As of today, the monument is under the responsibility of Jakarta 's parks services. The statue of

240-552: A new governor general palace in smaller version Chateau de Versailles or more precisely the French Empire style in Batavia, known as Witte Huis (White House) is often referred to Groote Huis (Big House). It is now Indonesia's Ministry of Finance office on the east side of Lapangan Banteng ( Waterlooplein ). He also renamed Buffelsveld (buffalo field) to Champs de Mars (today Merdeka Square ). Daendels' rule oversaw

280-579: A palace built there. However the plan wasn't carried out by his predecessor and the construction was delayed and the mansion of van Braam in Rijswijk became the residence of the governor-general. Daendels Palace was later completed in 1828 to become the department of finance building. Hotel van den Gouverneur-Generaal (Hotel of the Governor-General) became the official name of the van Braam mansion. Daendels — known as an avid Francophile — built

320-436: Is a historic square located in a historic area formerly known as Weltevreden , today Sawah Besar subdistrict, Central Jakarta , Indonesia . Lapangan Banteng Park is located in the area. There are also streets named Jalan Lapangan Banteng Utara (North), Selatan (South), Barat (West) and Timur (East), surrounding the square. The square measures roughly 230 x 250 meters, with orientation slightly tilted east north east from

360-499: Is surrounded by important buildings; former Daendels ' palace, the Witte Huis (White House), today Indonesian Ministry of Finance occupy the eastern side, Jakarta Central Post Office on the northern side, Jakarta Cathedral on northwest corner, Istiqlal Mosque also on northwest corner, Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs on southwest corner, and Hotel Borobudur occupy the whole southern side. During colonial period of

400-668: The Battle of Berezina . From February 1813 until December 1813, General Daendels commanded Polish forces defending the Modlin Fortress , located northwest of Warsaw. It was the final French stronghold along the Vistula to surrender. Following the downfall of Napoleon , concerns arose within the Dutch government, including King William I , regarding the potential influence and oppositional leadership of Daendels. To prevent this, he

440-603: The Dutch East Indies , the square serves as the military parade fields. It was the site of a statue to Jan Pieterszoon Coen who won control of Batavia, also the Lion column of Waterloo memorial (both are demolished). There were two main squares in Weltevreden : Buffelsveld and Paradeplaats . The squares took shape during the governorship of Daendels in early 19th century. The squares were military in character:

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480-544: The Paradeplaats ("Parade Ground") was the main parade and the ceremonial square. The Buffelsveld ("Buffalo Field") was renamed Champ de Mars due to French influence and was mainly used as a military exercise field. In 1828, the Waterloo Monument was erected to commemorate the defeat of Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo . The monument was a tall white column topped with a statue of a lion. The square

520-552: The Patriots , a faction gaining control in various Dutch cities. In September 1786, he unsuccessfully defended the town of Hattem against troops loyal to the stadholder . The following year, in September 1787, Daendels played a role in the defense of Amsterdam against the invading Prussian army, which aimed to reinstate William V of Orange . Subsequently, when William V regained power, Daendels fled to French Flanders to evade

560-620: The Badeners in the Russian campaign 1812. Daendels arrived in Vilnius on 8 and 15 September, subsequently reaching Minsk. On 11 October, his division moved to Babinovichi , and on 20 October, they received orders to proceed to Vitebsk . By 27 October, they had occupied the nearby town of Beshankovichy . The following day, temperatures dropped below zero. The supplies in Vitebsk were lost when

600-603: The Independence of Indonesia 1945-1949, the Waterlooplein square was renamed by Sukarno as "Lapangan Banteng" which translates as "Buffalo's field" in Indonesian. Previously the Waterlooplein is also popularly known as Lion's field, after the Lion column of Waterloo memorial which once stood in the center of the field. Since the lion symbolized Dutch colonialism, Sukarno renamed the field as Lapangan Banteng after

640-459: The Russian army captured the city, and it began to snow on 29 October. On 11 November, Daendels and the rearguard arrived in Chashniki , approximately 90 km southwest of their previous location. On 14 November, during the battle of Smoliani , the French suffered the loss of 3,000 men against General Peter Wittgenstein , and heavy snowfall of about 1.5 meters occurred that day. Four days later,

680-489: The West Irian Liberation Monument has been commissioned earlier in 1962 before the actual annexation of West Irian into Indonesia. On Independence Day, 17 August 1962, a pro-integration rally was held in front of the palace and Johannes Abraham Dimara wore chains which was severed in front of the crowds at Lapangan Banteng, Jakarta. Sukarno was inspired by the moment, and commissioned a statue of

720-544: The anniversary of the city and is largely centred on a trade fair. However, this month-long fair also features entertainment, including arts and music performances by local musicians. The statue of Irian Barat Liberation monument was then featured in a 2015 Hollywood film Blackhat (film) . Between 2017 and 2018 the square underwent a major renovation, which adds a half circular pond equipped with illuminated fountains, and an open-air theater. Herman Willem Daendels Herman Willem Daendels (21 October 1762 – 2 May 1818)

760-529: The architect for the project. The location of the West Irian Liberation Monument was supposed to be the first monument seen by people visiting Jakarta through the Kemayoran Airport . Other statues constructed by Edhi Sunarso in the 1960s: Lapangan Banteng Lapangan Banteng ( Indonesian : "Bull's Field", formerly Waterloo Square ( Dutch : Waterlooplein) in Batavia, Dutch East Indies )

800-468: The beginning of last month, a large Spanish ship was four days at anchor in Elmina roads, receiving water and bartering dollars for goods suited for the purchase of slaves." None of Daendels' infrastructure plans came to fruition, as he succumbed to malaria on 2 May 1818 while in the castle of St. George d'Elmina , which served as the Dutch seat of government. His body was interred in the central tomb at

840-562: The bull or buffalo, native to the country's ricefields, which symbolizes the newly independent Republic, the people and the Indonesian National Revolution (1945-49). Thus actually was a return to a native translation of the old name of the square, Buffelsveld , in the Indonesian language . By 1960s the square was also part of Sukarno's national building project. The West Irian Liberation Monument , located in

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880-568: The center of the square, was completed in 1963. Colonial monuments and memorials were demolished to make way for the new Republic's projects. Lion column, Coen's statues, and several memorials surrounding the fields were demolished. Sukarno also envisioned a National Mosque and a new grand National Hotel to be constructed around the square, which today corresponds to the Istiqlal Mosque and the Borobudur Hotel. Between 1970s to 1980s

920-578: The complete adoption of Continental Law into the colonial Dutch East Indies law system, retained even until today in Indonesian legal system. Eventually the palace became too cramped and a new palace was planned in 1869. The new palace was completed in 1873 facing Koningsplein (King's Square). It was known as Koningsplein Palace , part of the Rijswijk, Indonesia compound. After the Revolution and

960-493: The construction of this thousand-kilometer road in a single year resulted in the deaths of numerous Javanese forced laborers. Daendels adopted a stern stance towards Javanese rulers, causing them to align themselves with the British against the Dutch. He also imposed forced labor ( Rodi ) on the population of Java, which sparked rebellious incidents like the ones in Cadas Pangeran, West Java . Opinions differ regarding

1000-622: The extent to which Daendels improved the efficiency of the local bureaucracy and curbed corruption, although he accumulated personal wealth during his time in office. Despite his efforts to bolster defenses, Daendels was unsuccessful in halting the British invasion of the Spice Islands in 1810. During the incorporation of the Kingdom of Holland into France in 1810, Daendels returned to Holland and resided in Paris by November 1811. He

1040-542: The former facing towards the sky. The face holds a loud, screaming expression, symbolizing rebellion and independence. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Netherlands still possessed the western part of New Guinea , which it had agreed to discuss a year after the Round Table Conference . Following failed negotiations and the incorporation of the region into Netherlands, Sukarno decided to adopt

1080-427: The liberation of West Irian. The design of the monument was based on a sketch by the artist Henk Ngantung who was also the deputy governor of Jakarta from 1964 to 1965. The design of the monument shows a muscular man, shouting, with arms outstretched breaking free of the chains of colonialism . The bronze statue is about 11 metres (36 ft) tall from feet to the tip of its outstretched fingers. The statue stands over

1120-507: The lion looked more like a poodle. As part of the affluent neighborhood of Weltevreden, the Waterlooplein is a fashionable place in Batavia's Upper Town. Once a week, a military orchestra was played in public. People from the upper rank of the society paraded around the square with their horse-drawn carriages. Governor General Herman Willem Daendels originally intended to have the government centralized in Waterloo Square and had

1160-442: The northeast corner of Merdeka Square . The West Irian Liberation Monument column built in 1963 stood in the center of the square. A causeway spanned west-east in the center divide the square into two parts; the northern parts which hosts sport facilities which includes football field and athletic tracks, and the southern half which host a park with half-circle shaped pond with illuminated fountain and open air theatre. The square

1200-673: The slave trade, despite its prohibition by both the British and Dutch authorities, from his position at the Elmina fort, which was then under Dutch control. On 5 March 1817, the British governor of Cape Coast, John Smith, wrote to the African Committee in Parliament in London, stating, "We deem it our duty to inform you of the conduct of General Daendels, who is acting independent of his Government. Portuguese vessels were furnished with canoes, and Spaniards were supplied with water. At

1240-471: The square was transformed as a city's bus terminal which served Central Jakarta area. The square was transformed back as an open space that contains sport facilities, park and garden in late 1980s. Flona Jakarta is a flora-and-fauna exhibition, held annually in August at Lapangan Banteng Park, featuring flowers, plant nurseries, and pets. The Jakarta Fair is held annually from mid-June to mid-July to celebrate

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1280-520: The supplies in Minsk were also lost when Pavel Chichagov captured the city. On 24 November, Daendels skirmished with some Russians but reunited with the rest of the French army near Bobr. Subsequently, all the French soldiers proceeded to Borisov , where the Russian army destroyed a crucial bridge crossing the Berezina River. Daendels' division, consisting of 4,000 men, played a decisive role in

1320-599: Was a Dutch military officer and colonial administrator who served as Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1808 to 1811. Herman Willem Daendels was born on 21 October 1762 in Hattem , Netherlands . His father, Burchard Johan Daendels, served as a mayoral secretary; his mother was Josina Christina Tulleken. Daendels pursued a legal education at the university of Harderwijk and obtained his doctorate on 10 April 1783. In 1785, Daendels aligned himself with

1360-482: Was appointed as a divisional general ( major general ) and assumed command of the 26th Division of the Grande Armée . This division consisted of troops from Baden, Hesse-Darmstadt, and Berg. In mid-March 1812, Daendels was appointed as the commander of the 26th Division, serving under Marshal Victor as part of IX Corps , which acted as a reserve. In August, Victor received orders to march eastward, joining

1400-613: Was appointed as the Governor-general of the Dutch Gold Coast (now part of Ghana ) and effectively prohibited from returning to the Netherlands. After the abolition of the Atlantic slave trade , Daendels aimed to revitalize the neglected Dutch territories into an African plantation colony focused on legitimate business. Leveraging his experience from the East Indies, he devised ambitious infrastructure projects, such as

1440-542: Was built in Surabaya . Additionally, he relocated the central government from Old Batavia to Weltevreden and commissioned the construction of a palace in Paradeplaats . His most renowned achievement was the Great Post Road ( Indonesian : Jalan Raya Pos ) that spanned northern Java from Anyer to Panarukan . Today, this road serves as the main thoroughfare on the island, known as Jalur Pantura . Notably,

1480-560: Was compelled to resign after failing to avert the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland in 1799. He later pursued farming in Heerde , Gelderland . Louis Bonaparte appointed Daendels as colonel-general in 1806 and Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies in 1807. Daendels arrived in Batavia (now Jakarta ) on 5 January 1808 after a lengthy voyage, assuming the role previously held by Albertus Henricus Wiese . His primary objective

1520-472: Was motivated by dissatisfaction with the conservative-moderate majority in parliament, which hindered the development of a more democratic and centralized constitution. However, Vreede's rule did not yield the anticipated outcomes, leading to another coup d'état against him on 14 June 1798, in which Daendels played a role. In the Batavian Republic , Daendels held various political positions but

1560-475: Was subsequently renamed to Waterlooplein , a name that would only be changed following the proclamation of the Indonesian independence in 1945. Because of the lion statue on the monument, the lion is also locally known as the Leeuwinplaats ("Lioness Square"). The simple-shaped monument with its relatively small-sized statue of lion was frequently ridiculed by the locals of Batavia, some people claiming that

1600-481: Was to expel the British from Java . During his tenure, Daendels undertook various infrastructure projects. He established new hospitals and military barracks, constructed arms factories in Surabaya and Semarang , and founded a military college in Batavia. The Castle in Batavia was dismantled and replaced by a new fort in Meester Cornelis ( Jatinegara ). At the same time, Fort Lodewijk (Fort Ludwig)

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